Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Kraków
Wydawnictwo Avalon
2012
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 535, [1] s., [12] s. tabl. Ill. 24 cm. |
| ISBN: | 9788377300657 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV040645885 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20220419 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 121221s2012 a||| |||| 00||| pol d | ||
| 020 | |a 9788377300657 |9 978-83-7730-065-7 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)823263535 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV040645885 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a pol | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-Re13 | ||
| 084 | |a 7,41 |2 ssgn | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Pasko, Artur |d 19XX- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1255672838 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 |c Artur Pasko |
| 264 | 1 | |a Kraków |b Wydawnictwo Avalon |c 2012 | |
| 300 | |a 535, [1] s., [12] s. tabl. |b Ill. |c 24 cm. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1944-1989 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Sport |0 (DE-588)4056366-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Polen |0 (DE-588)4046496-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Polen |0 (DE-588)4046496-9 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Politik |0 (DE-588)4046514-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Sport |0 (DE-588)4056366-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Geschichte 1944-1989 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025472858 | ||
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 0904 |g 438 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 796.09 |e 22/bsb |f 0904 |g 438 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804149763294101504 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Summary
During the whole period of the Polish People s Republic professional sport
attracted an interest of the authorities of the communist party and the state,
and against the official declarations for over forty years it captured the com¬
munists attention to a larger extent than amateur sport. Professional sport
raised great possibilities of the propaganda influence party could exert over
the society. Therefore, party and state authorities called for the actions en¬
suring full control over the sports programme. To accomplish that aim it ap¬
peared to be sufficient to build quasi-democratic organizational structures
of management of sport staffed by confidential workers, gain control over in¬
ternational sports contacts as well as subordinate sportsmen to the authorities,
pushed so far that at any time it was possible to eliminate those unruly .
A system of nomenclature of the personnel encompassing more impor¬
tant sports agencies complemented only the dependence and high-availability
of the sports management upon
КС
PZPR
(Central Committee of the Polish
United Workers Party) and guaranteed that the instructions and guidelines
formulated there were obeyed. With hindsight we can state that changes in¬
troduced in professional sport bore a close relation with the political situation
in Poland and were resultant upon momentous events in the history of
Poland.
Already after the Second World War communists attempted to gain con¬
trol over the world of sport, therefore, in mid-
1945
drafts of decrees concern¬
ing the establishment of the central institution administering sport were pre¬
pared. However, so as to eliminate the more experienced specialists in the
field from the competition, the Polish Workers Party forced the pre-war or¬
ganizational model through, in accordance with which physical education
was integrated with military training, while its supervision was given to the
Ministry of Defence.
Subordination of the National Department of Physical Education and
Military Training to the Ministry of Defence in
1946
guaranteed an influx of
the disciplined and select manpower, exercising control over sport in relation
to the military hierarchy, and, by virtue of the reference to the pre-war insti¬
tution, permitted keeping up appearances of democratic actions. Additionally,
such public sentiment was to endorse the act of entrusting the management
515
of the National Department of Physical Education to
Tadeusz
Kuchař,
the
pre-war sportsman and activist.
A substantial change of the policy of the party and state authorities
within the range of sport was brought about after the election to the Parlia¬
ment in
1947,
when communists strengthened their position in the country.
After
1947
they were gradually resigning from maintaining an appearance of
the democratic character of the control they exercised over sport. By way of
illustration, they dissolved the Polish Gymnastic Society
Sokół ,
toughened
the criteria concerning the verification of the candidates for the offices of
physical education and military training, but they also aimed to increase the
number of sports contacts with the USSR. In
1948
the Central Office of Phys¬
ical Education, based on the Soviet model, was established in place of the Na¬
tional Department of Physical Education and Military Training.
Subsequent marked changes in sport were introduced after the so-called
consolidation of the workers movement and the formation of the Polish
United Workers Party in December
1948.
In April
1949
the current director
of the Central Office of Physical Education,
Tadeusz
Kuchař,
was replaced
with a friend of the Prime Minister
Józef Cyrankiewicz, Lucjan Motyka,
who
demonstrated greater political competence. In
1949
the most famous sports¬
men were to participate for the first time in the celebrations of the national
holidays organized on a grand scale, who by virtue of their presence were to
endorse a new political system. In September
1949
the politburo of
КС
PZPR
(Central Committee of the Polish United Workers Party) passed a res¬
olution which in fact commenced Stalinization of sport in Poland. After¬
wards, on
30*
December
1949
the Parliament founded an institution mod¬
elled on the Soviet formula, namely the Central Committee of Physical Edu¬
cation.
A pronounced compromise communists agreed on was the reconstruc¬
tion of the structures of the „bourgeois remains ,
i.e.
the Polish Olympic Com¬
mittee. They were aware that owing to that institution Poland could function
in the international Olympic movement, by means of which the party and
state authorities could influence the public opinion in the country and abroad.
It needs to be emphasized that it constituted the only area within sport in
which communists were continuously defeated from the beginning of the
1960s,
their numerous attempts to introduce people of power to the Inter¬
national Olympic Committee failed.
516
In the years
1949-1956
the intensified Stalinization of sport in Poland
was conducted. Soviet models were taken over, while Polish expertise and
tradition were rejected. Crucial functions in the sport administration were
entrusted to the Russians of the Polish origin. Changes implemented were to
improve standards of the political work within physical and sports education.
Communists counted on the success of the Polish sportsmen in the in¬
ternational arena. In their opinion they were conducive to the positive image
of the country abroad and convince of the superiority of the socialist system
over the capitalist one. At the same time sportsman s or team s failures were
treated as the violation of national affairs. Such an approach to the issue of
the sports competition led to the restrictions the authorities imposed on the
international contacts in disciplines in which Polish sportsmen maintained
lower standards. Certain liberation of those restrictions was introduced after
the Fifth World Festival of Youth and Students and the Second International
Youth Sports Games, which took place in the summer of
1955
in Warsaw.
The authorities understood that if the best sportsmen of the world were to
arrive in Poland, Polish sportsmen had to participate in the sports events in
the world.
Additionally, the liberation of the stand of the communists in the matter
of the selection of the sports competitors was linked to the weakening of the
party s position after the escape of the lieutenant-colonel
Józef Światło
to the
west and broadcasts emitted on the waves of Radio Free Europe disclosing
the inside story of the party and security services .
In the official rhetoric the party and state authorities emphasized the sig¬
nificance of amateur sport, whereas their attention concentrated, first and
foremost, on more popular propagandist professional sport. Therefore, sports
competitions were organized, take for instance the cycling event the Peace
Race , during which political goals were attained. In that context the best
sportsmen in the country aroused a particular interest of the authorities.
Communists used their image without their consent for propaganda pur¬
poses. In a sense, sports champions turned into the properly of the country.
In exchange the party and state authorities offered the protection , medals
and titles of the distinguished sports champions.
The thaw which took place in October
1956
revived the pursuit of the
liberalization of the sports world. A key event during which decisions on the
changes in sports movement were taken was a national meeting of sports of-
517
ficials
organized a few months after the Olympic Games in Melbourne in
1956.
Nonetheless, as it later turned out, hopes for those changes were much
greater than the changes themselves. There is every likelihood that they could
have been raised by relatively intensive and liberal international contacts of
the Polish sport with the West, the closure of the sports sections modelled on
the Soviet formula, re-establishment of the Polish sports associations, the ac¬
ceptance of the disciplines so far disallowed by the authorities, such as rugby,
or the opinions on the introduction of professionalism in Poland. It turned
out that the party prepared well for that meeting. The debate was held under
full control of the communists, while the changes implemented did not satisfy
the reformers expectations.
The party and state authorities did not agree on the introduction of pro¬
fessionalism in sport, for the best competitors would lose the status of ama¬
teurs and would not be able to participate in the Olympic Games. Hence the
number of the most spectacular victories achieved by the sportsmen of the
Polish Peoples Republic would be reduced, which the party could not accept.
Besides, despite repeated declarations, communists did not attempt to sim¬
plify the procedures connected to the passport policy and travelling abroad,
that peculiar policy, in fact, enabled them to exact obedience even from the
best sportsmen. The prospective refusal to issue a passport constituted a very
effective way of exerting pressure and enforcing desirable behaviour in the
sports community. After all, the career of a sportsman unable to leave the
country would be practically ruined.
Soon after bringing the situation in sport under control in
1957,
the
number of sports contacts with the West was severely limited, therefore, again
the sportsmen of the socialist countries were most often the rivals of the Pol¬
ish sportsmen. Athletics for instance served as a unique discipline in which
Polish sportsmen competed with the West. It is worth remembering that the
Polish team then maintained the world level and was named Wunderteam,
while the victories over the western sportsmen were to prove dominance of
the system existing in the countries of the Soviet bloc. The interests of the
professional sport were subjected to the achievement of the political goals.
By way of illustration, such a situation took place in
1966,
when the party laid
themselves open to international ostracism of the sports community, and in
the name of the protest against the engagement of the USA with the war in
518
Vietnam
it cancelled the participation of the athletic national team in the
match with the United States in San Francisco at the last moment.
In retrospect, we may state that the decision to grant the right to organize
the Olympic Games in
1972
in Munich was the event which contributed sub¬
stantially to the Polish sport. In spite of the economic difficulties the party
and state authorities, treating the performance of sportsmen in Federal Re¬
public of Germany more within political than sports categories, did not spare
any expenses for preparing and equipping the sportsmen. Obviously, their
successes were to prove the superiority of the socialist system over the capi¬
talist one.
After the fall of
Władysław Gomułka,
the new management of the party,
with
Gierek
at the head, devoted a considerable attention to the issues of phys¬
ical education. Like in the past years they emphasized the importance of am¬
ateur sport, while in practice it was the professional sport that mattered. In
the decade of
Gierek
sport was to attend to the image of the first secretary of
КС
(Central Committee) and
PRL
(Polish Peoples Republic), the country
which was to be perceived as a dynamically developing and affluent one.
There is no escaping the fact that it was the time when the greatest successes
of the Polish sport were reported.
Admittedly, in the
1970s
the cooperation with the socialist countries
formed the basis for the international sports contacts, more often, though,
Polish sportsmen sought the cooperation with the capitalist countries. This
concerned mainly the countries with whom the government established eco¬
nomic contacts. Furthermore, the cooperation could be fostered owing to the
world level of the results achieved by the Polish sportsmen.
The success, however, led to new problems the party and state authorities
had to face. The best sportsmen awakened an interest of the western clubs.
Prospective performances in those teams could be tantamount to their pro¬
fessional careers and rule out the possibility of participating in the Olympic
Games. Consequently, the professionals could not fulfil the most fundamental
task which the authorities of the socialist country expected, namely the vic¬
tory for the people s homeland. Since the problem could not be entirely elim¬
inated, the most distinguished sportsmen could leave the country in the last
years of their careers. In such circumstances the party attempted to gain ad¬
vantage of the possible consent to continue their careers in the West, in return
519
the sportsmen were to adopt proper and civic attitude. Moreover, the in¬
flows of the capital started to supply the budget of the country.
The last sports event taking place during the period when
Gierek
ruled
the country was the Olympic Games in Moscow in
1980 -
the first Olympic
games in the socialist country. It was to be a propaganda success not only of
the USSR, but also of all the countries of the Soviet bloc. Nevertheless, the
goal was not attained for some of the western countries boycotted the event.
Furthermore, it needs to be highlighted that the absence of numerous strong
western national teams permitted the state to hide the crisis of Polish sport
at the end of the
1970s.
A particularly difficult economic situation of the
country was as well not without any significance. Indeed, the party and state
authorities could not provide the medallists of the Games in Moscow with
the financial rewards they promised.
Although in the
1980s
the communists were engaged in the increased
activity within the scope of physical education, they were unable to improve
the condition of sport. Substantial financial resources were needed to reach
the goal, however, those in power could not let it happen. Therefore, the struc¬
tural changes were induced which enabled the communists to support the
initiative and make an impression that they were in control. The meeting of
physical education, whose aim was to create an impression of effecting
changes and outdistancing the prospective reformers that could appear in
the sports community, did not resolve the situation likewise.
The martial law declared in
1981
led to the substantial restrictions on
the international sports contacts. The financial difficulties of the state and
the fear that the sportsmen would stay in the west constituted decisive factors.
As a result, the authorities concentrated primarily on the cooperation with
the socialist countries. This as well was a peculiar response of the socialist
countries to professionalism, commercialization and technological progress
in sport. Since in the face of the economic difficulties touching all the coun¬
tries of the Soviet bloc, they could not keep up with the West in that tech¬
nological race in the field of sport, during the participation in the events in
the international sports arena, they attempted inter alia to limit the applica¬
tion of new technologies that could improve sports results, and to tighten the
anti-doping control. It was obvious that the victims were to be the western
sportsmen who did not have the national support concerning the usage of
doping. The party and state authorities, in turn, at least in GDR and USSR,
520
managed to see to it that anti-doping controls of their sportsmen yielded the
desired effects.
A sign of the dependence of sport upon politics and Poland upon the
USSR was the participation of Poland in the boycott of the Olympic Games
in Los Angeles in
1984.
In fact, it constituted characteristic revenge of the
countries of the Soviet bloc for the boycott of the Olympic Games in Moscow
in
1980.
Communists did not respect the Olympic ideals and the interest of
the Polish sport.
In the
1980s
additional problems of the party and state authorities ag¬
gravated. The growing number of the Polish sportsmen continued their ca¬
reers in the west, which, in turn, tarnished the image of a sportsman whose
victories were to convince of the superiority of the socialist system. However,
the phenomenon which for ideological reasons was disadvantageous for the
authorities was to bring about positive effects, namely transfers of the sports¬
men generated the foreign exchange much-needed for the country. In such
economic situation communists could do nothing but agree on sportsmen
leaving the country and going to the West.
Sport rendered as a form of noble rivalry , a means of physical activity
of people, would not arouse an avid interest of the party and state authorities,
and would not serve as a subject of numerous regulations and organizational
changes induced in the period of the greatest economic crisis. Professional
sport, in turn, constituted a critical element of the state policy, not only was
it a perfect carrier of propaganda, but also a peculiar tool of the political
struggle. As the Olympic Games in Los Angeles in
1984
showed, the ideals
of sport and Olympism proved to be insignificant in the confrontation with
the need for the achievement of the political goals pursued by the party.
Spis treści
Wstęp
........................................................... 7
Rozdział I
Trudne, powojenne lata
(1944-1946)................................. 23
Rozdział
II
Od „drobnomieszczańskiej tradycji w kierunku modelu radzieckiego
(1946-1949)...................................................... 53
Kształtowanie modelu organizacyjnego
.......................... 53
Sport w propagandzie państwa
................................. 81
Rozdział III
Stalinizacja sportu
(1949-1956) ..................................... 109
Pod „jednolitym kierownictwem
............................... 109
W służbie propagandy
......................................... 146
Rozdział
IV
Zawiedzione nadzieje
(1956-1970)................................... 193
Popaździernikowa „demokratyzacja
............................ 193
Sportowcy amatorzy czy zawodowcy?
........................... 224
Rozdział
V
Między Monachium a Moskwą
(1970-1980) .......................... 277
Nowe struktury i nowi ludzie
................................... 277
Ku chwale socjalistycznego państwa
............................. 305
Rozdział
VI
W dobie kryzysu
(1980-1989)....................................... 379
Działania pozorowane
........................................ 379
Kryzys wzorców osobowych
.................................... 411
Zakończenie
..................................................... 467
Aneksy
.......................................................... 473
Ważniejsze skróty
................................................. 487
Bibliografia
...................................................... 491
Summary
........................................................ 515
Indeks osób
...................................................... 523
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Pasko, Artur 19XX- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1255672838 |
| author_facet | Pasko, Artur 19XX- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Pasko, Artur 19XX- |
| author_variant | a p ap |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040645885 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)823263535 (DE-599)BVBBV040645885 |
| era | Geschichte 1944-1989 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1944-1989 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01865nam a2200445 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV040645885</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20220419 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">121221s2012 a||| |||| 00||| pol d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9788377300657</subfield><subfield code="9">978-83-7730-065-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)823263535</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV040645885</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">pol</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Re13</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">7,41</subfield><subfield code="2">ssgn</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pasko, Artur</subfield><subfield code="d">19XX-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1255672838</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989</subfield><subfield code="c">Artur Pasko</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Kraków</subfield><subfield code="b">Wydawnictwo Avalon</subfield><subfield code="c">2012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">535, [1] s., [12] s. tabl.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill.</subfield><subfield code="c">24 cm.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zsfassung in engl. Sprache</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1944-1989</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sport</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4056366-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Polen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046496-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Polen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046496-9</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Politik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4046514-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Sport</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4056366-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1944-1989</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025472858</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0904</subfield><subfield code="g">438</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">796.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">0904</subfield><subfield code="g">438</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polen |
| id | DE-604.BV040645885 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:28:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788377300657 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025472858 |
| oclc_num | 823263535 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | 535, [1] s., [12] s. tabl. Ill. 24 cm. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Wydawnictwo Avalon |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Pasko, Artur 19XX- Verfasser (DE-588)1255672838 aut Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 Artur Pasko Kraków Wydawnictwo Avalon 2012 535, [1] s., [12] s. tabl. Ill. 24 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte 1944-1989 gnd rswk-swf Sport (DE-588)4056366-2 gnd rswk-swf Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s Sport (DE-588)4056366-2 s Geschichte 1944-1989 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Pasko, Artur 19XX- Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 Sport (DE-588)4056366-2 gnd Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4056366-2 (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
| title | Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 |
| title_auth | Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 |
| title_exact_search | Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 |
| title_full | Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 Artur Pasko |
| title_fullStr | Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 Artur Pasko |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 Artur Pasko |
| title_short | Sport wyczynowy w polityce państwa 1944 - 1989 |
| title_sort | sport wyczynowy w polityce panstwa 1944 1989 |
| topic | Sport (DE-588)4056366-2 gnd Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sport Politik Polen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025472858&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT paskoartur sportwyczynowywpolitycepanstwa19441989 |