Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and International Technology Transfer A Survey
Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and International Technology Transfer: A Survey

May 2000 - How much a developing country can take advantage of technology transfer from foreign direct investment depends partly on how well educated and well trained its workforce is, how much it is willing to invest in research and development, and how much protection it offers for intellectual pr...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser: Saggi, Kamal (VerfasserIn)
Format: Elektronisch E-Book
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Washington, D.C The World Bank 1999
Schlagworte:
Attributes
Basic
E-Business
E-Mail
Economic Theory and Research
Emerging Markets
Foreign Direct Investment
High Technology
ICT Policy and Strategies
Industry
Information
Information and Communication Technologies
International Economics & Trade
Inventors
Know-How
Knowledge Economy
Labor Policies
Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
Microfinance
New Technologies
Outsourcing
Private Sector Development
Semiconductor
Semiconductor Industry
Social Protections and Labor
Systems
Technological Change
Technologies
Technology
Technology Industry
Technology Licensing
Technology Spillovers
Technology Transfer
Trade and Regional Integration
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Zusammenfassung:May 2000 - How much a developing country can take advantage of technology transfer from foreign direct investment depends partly on how well educated and well trained its workforce is, how much it is willing to invest in research and development, and how much protection it offers for intellectual property rights. Saggi surveys the literature on trade and foreign direct investment - especially wholly owned subsidiaries of multinational firms and international joint ventures - as channels for technology transfer. He also discusses licensing and other arm's-length channels of technology transfer. He concludes: How trade encourages growth depends on whether knowledge spillover is national or international. Spillover is more likely to be national for developing countries than for industrial countries. · Local policy often makes pure foreign direct investment infeasible, so foreign firms choose licensing or joint ventures. The jury is still out on whether licensing or joint ventures lead to more learning by local firms. · Policies designed to attract foreign direct investment are proliferating. Several plant-level studies have failed to find positive spillover from foreign direct investment to firms competing directly with subsidiaries of multinationals. (However, these studies treat foreign direct investment as exogenous and assume spillover to be horizontal - when it may be vertical.) All such studies do find the subsidiaries of multinationals to be more productive than domestic firms, so foreign direct investment does result in host countries using resources more effectively. · Absorptive capacity in the host country is essential for getting significant benefits from foreign direct investment. Without adequate human capital or investments in research and development, spillover fails to materialize.
[Fortsetzung 1. Abstract] A country's policy on protection of intellectual property rights affects the type of industry it attracts. Firms for which such rights are crucial (such as pharmaceutical firms) are unlikely to invest directly in countries where such protections are weak, or will not invest in manufacturing and research and development activities. Policy on intellectual property rights also influences whether technology transfer comes through licensing, joint ventures, or the establishment of wholly owned subsidiaries. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study microfoundations of international technology diffusion. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Microfoundations of International Technology Diffusion. The author may be contacted at ksaggi@mail.smu.edu
Beschreibung:1 Online-Ressource (1 online resource (50 p.))
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