Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Veröffentlicht: |
Beograd
Geografski Inst. Jovan Cvijić
2007
|
Schriftenreihe: | Posebna izdanja / Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić
68 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
Beschreibung: | PST: Glacial relief of Mts. Volujak, Bioč and Maglić. - In kyrill. Schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
Beschreibung: | 130 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
ISBN: | 8680029378 9788680029375 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 cb4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV040484558 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
007 | t | ||
008 | 121015s2007 abd| |||| 00||| srp d | ||
020 | |a 8680029378 |9 86-8002937-8 | ||
020 | |a 9788680029375 |9 978-86-8002937-5 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)816245582 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)GBV716602784 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger | ||
041 | 0 | |a srp | |
049 | |a DE-12 | ||
084 | |a 7,41 |2 ssgn | ||
100 | 1 | |a Milovojević, Milovan |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem |c Milovan Milovojević |
264 | 1 | |a Beograd |b Geografski Inst. Jovan Cvijić |c 2007 | |
300 | |a 130 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 1 | |a Posebna izdanja / Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić |v 68 | |
500 | |a PST: Glacial relief of Mts. Volujak, Bioč and Maglić. - In kyrill. Schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache | ||
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Glazialmorphologie |0 (DE-588)4021212-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
651 | 7 | |a Volujak |0 (DE-588)1026876184 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Volujak |0 (DE-588)1026876184 |D g |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Glazialmorphologie |0 (DE-588)4021212-9 |D s |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
810 | 2 | |a Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić |t Posebna izdanja |v 68 |w (DE-604)BV008905274 |9 68 | |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
940 | 1 | |n oe | |
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025331709 | ||
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 910 |e 22/bsb |f 090511 |g 49742 |
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 910 |e 22/bsb |f 090511 |g 49745 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804149545577218048 |
---|---|
adam_text | САДРЖАЈ
увод
............................................................. 7
Дефинисање научног
проблема.......................................
8
Методе
истраживања
и начин приказа
истражених
појава
и облика
........ 13
Претходна
истраживања
............................................. 14
ГЕОЛОШКИ САСТАВ И ТЕКТОНИКА
.................................. 23
Литолошке карактеристике
.......................................... 23
Палеозоик
.................................................... 23
Мезозоик
.................................................... 24
Тријас
..................................................... 24
Доњи тријас
................................................ 24
Средњи тријас
.............................................. 24
Горњи тријас
............................................... 26
Јура
....................................................... 26
Тектонски
склоп
и
односи
........................................... 26
ПЛЕИСТОЦЕНИ ГЛАЦИЈАЛНИ РЕЉЕФ
................................. 28
Ерозивни глацијални
облици
......................................... 28
Циркови.....................................................
29
Циркови
Волујака
........................................... 29
Циркови
северозападног
дела
волујачког
била
...................
ЗО
Циркови сушког ледника
..................................... 37
Леднички
рељеф
под одсецима
Волујака
........................ 39
Рудинске колибе
............................................ 41
Леднички
рељеф Ордених
дола
................................ 42
Басен
Трновачког језера
...................................... 45
Еволуција басена
Трновачког
језера
............................ 47
Циркови
Маглића...........................................
52
Циркови северног дела
Маглића
............................... 52
Царев до
................................................... 55
Остали
циркови
маглићког
низа
............................... 57
Циркови
Пресјеке
........................................... 61
Циркови северног Биоча
..................................... 63
Цирк
Жљабе
и Модре стене
................................... 64
Висећи
циркови
Развршја
.................................... 66
Змајев
цирк
................................................. 67
Циркови Биоча
............................................. 69
Цирк Долови
............................................... 71
Цирк
Бљуштур
.............................................. 72
Цирк
Витлови
.............................................. 74
Циркови
на Галдишту
....................................... 75
Цирк Биочке греде
........................................... 76
Цирк Великог дола
.......................................... 78
Смрековачки
циркови
....................................... 79
Цирк Смрековац
............................................ 80
Циркови
источног дела Смрековца
............................. 83
Цирк Кошарице
............................................. 84
Валови
....................................................... 86
Валови
Волујака
........................................... 86
Валови Биоча
............................................. 88
Валов у Смрековцу
......................................... 88
Мратшьски валов
.......................................... 88
Глацијална
рамена
............................................. 89
Мутониране стене и нунатаци
................................... 91
Акумулативни
облици
глацијалне ерозије
.............................. 93
Морене трновачког ледника
..................................... 93
Мратшьске морене
............................................ 96
Морене биочких ледника
....................................... 97
Морене смрековачког ледника
.................................. 97
ПРЕГЛАЦИЈАЛНИ РЕЉЕФ
И
ЊЕГОВ
УТИЦАЈ
НА
РАЗВОЈ
ПЛЕИСТОЦЕНИХ ЛЕДНИКА
.........................
98
РЕКОНСТРУКЦША ОБИМА
ГЛАЦИЈАЦИЈЕ
............................. 100
Проблеми
и
методологија
...................................... 100
Методологија.................................................
101
Реконструкција плеистоцених
ледника
........................... 101
Центар
глацијације
............................................ 103
Трновачки ледник
............................................. 104
Биочки
ледници
............................................... 105
Смрековачки ледник
........................................... 107
Мратшьски ледник и самостални
Ледници
Маглића
и северног Биоча
.............................. 109
КОМПАРАТИВНА АНАЛИЗА РЕЦЕНТНИХ ЛЕДНИКА
ВИСОКОГ ТАУЕРНА (АЛПЕ) СА РЕКОНСТРУИСАНИМ
ЛЕДНИЦИМА НА
ВОЛУЈАКУ
СА БИОЧЕМ И
МАГЛИЋЕМ
..................
111
РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЈА
ПЛЕЙСТОЦЕНЕ СНЕЖНЕ ГРАНИЦЕ
................... 113
МОРФОМЕТРШСКА АНАЛИЗА И
ОРИЈЕНТАЦИЈА
ЦИРКОВА
...............
H
8
ЗАЮЬУЧАК
........................................................ 122
CONCLUSION......................................................
125
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
...................................................... 128
CONCLUSION
The presented review of Pleistocene glacial traces on the mountains
Volujak,
Bioč
and
Maglie
points to some conclusions about this area. The
conclusions are related to the following aspects:
•
Extent and type of
glaciation
(snowline, types of glaciers, and
glacial phases)
•
Development of glacial process in particular parts of the mountain
area
•
Correlation with recent
glaciations
•
Inter-dependence of size and orientation of cirques
•
Prognosis of the evolution of future
glaciations
The extent of
glaciation
stretches in the area both above and below the
snowline, or more precisely, in the parts in which the glaciers advanced through
glacial valleys. According to reconstructed maximum
glaciation,
the snowline
was approximately at
1700
m a.s.l.
on northern exposures,
1780
m on
southeastern parts of Mt.
Bioč,
and
1900
m
in Smrekovac area, exposed towards
the south. The surface of the area above this snowline was approximately
65
km2. Most cirques were formed in this zone, but it is worth to mention also the
cirques formed up to
300
m
lower than this line, due to great quantities of snow
and ice that accumulated in the depressions below the snowline (e.g. the basin
of the lake
Trnovačko Jezero).
In the second phase, during recession and
stagnation of the glaciers, the surface above the snowline was reduced to
40
km2, which is about
30%
less than in the maximum. In this phase, the snowline
was at
1800
m
a.s.l. on northern exposures, and at
2000
m on
southeastern Mt.
Bioč
and southern part of Mt. Volujak. During the third phase, which was also
the weakest one, the surface above the snowline decreased to only
30
km2,
which is
55%
less than in the first, maximum phase. This means that the surface
above the snowline decreased for more than a half of its initial size. After the
further recession, the ice-covered surface was not continuous, but there were
only some smaller glaciers left in high and isolated cirques. During the
maximum
glaciation,
in the first glacial phase, several types of glaciers were
developed. There were two types of valley glaciers: complex and simple.
Complex valley glaciers had the initial part composed of several glaciers that
126
GLACIAL RELIEF OF
MTS.
VOLUJAK, BIOC AND MAGLIC
joined and continued through a glacial valley as a single glacier. The most
typical example of this type was
Traovački
glacier, then Mratinje glacier, and
Dolovi
glacier on
Mt.Bioč.
Other glaciers were of the simple type, that either
did not have, or had just small lateral tributaries (Smrekovac glacier). Glaciers
of this type were mostly present on
Mt.Maglić,
north-eastern
Mt.Bioč
and
north-eastern part of Mt.Volujak. In second and third phase, most valley
glaciers were karst-type glaciers. They were stagnant in cirques lower than
1900
m a.s.l.
In the phases of glacier retreat, a great number of cirque glaciers
appeared. Only in karstic-glacial depression
Košarice,
a col-glacier was formed,
representing a kind of glacial bifurcation during the Pleistocene. Its position
in the central part of the mountain, as well as the relief pattern, enabled the ice
to move across four passes to all four main glacial directions
(Trnovački,
Mratinje,
Bioő
and Smrekovac).
Trnovački
glacier descended to
1200
m
a.s.l.
through the valley of the brook
Šuški Potok,
and retreated to the morraine
Goveđi Brijeg
at
1645
m
a.s.l. Mratinje glacier probably descended to the
elevation of
1100
m
(estimation based on comparation with
Trnovački
glacier).
Two
Mt.Bioč
glaciers reached about
1300
m
a.s.l, above the valley
Donji
Suvodol, while Smrekovac glacier ended at the highest elevation of
1600
m.
Judging according to the present accumulation material, it can be concluded that
the mentioned three phases of glacier retreat can only be attributed to
Wurm
glacial. All traces of former glacials had to be destroyed by further erosional
processes.
Development of the glacial process did not take place in the same
conditions in various parts of the mountain area. The development of bigger
cirques occured in pre-Pleistocene depressions. These depressions were
favourable for the development of glaciers, and further re-shaped by them.
However, as for the smaller cirques formed in the north-eastern part of
Mt.Maglić,
it can be said that they were tectonically guided. This is concluded
from the numerous faults that transversally cut the ridge of
Maglie. Due
to
small feeding surfaces, these cirques received small quantity of snow, which
was not sufficient for the development of bigger glaciers.
Correlation with recent
glaciations
turned out to be rather good.
Reconstructed snowline elevations could not deviate more than
+5%,
and
lengths of glaciers up to
+10%.
The real altitudes could be somewhat lower
(max.
50
m
for snowline), or longer
(100
m
for glacier lengths) than
specified here.
Orientation and size of cirques are undoubtedly interrelated.
According to the surface, cirques can be categorized as small (up to
0,45
km2) and big (more than
0,45
km2). If we combine this with exposures of
cirques, it turns out that big cirques occur on warm exposures. Among all
CONCLUSION
127
cirques on
warm exposures, only two are small, while all the others are the
biggest cirques in this area (they occupy
9,16
km2 or
43,6%
of total surface of
cirques). It can be concluded that on southern exposures, formation of cirques is
possible only if there had previously been a large pre-glacial depression. That is
why surfaces of these cirques in most cases exceed
0,5
km2. Only spatious and
compact snow and ice accumulations could resist the Sun warmth, while in the
small depressions, as on the plateau of southern
Bioč
or on steep sides of south¬
western MtVolujak, they could not form at all.
According to the chronology of relief evolution from the Pleistocene
to nowadays, it is possible to predict the relief development in the future
glacials. The glaciers would first occupy the existing cirques and depressions,
from which they would start through glacial valleys. All scree material would
be transported by glaciers and in lower parts re-transported by meltwater. In
small cirques, lateral enlargement and incisions into ridges would be intensified.
Bottoms of hanging cirques would lower, and this process would contribute to
balancing their longitudinal profiles. Glaciers would enlarge the existing
cirques, and others would start to form. This would contribute to further
sharpening of relief traits, with even higher escarpments due to evacuation of
scree material from their foothills.
Table.
4.—
Reconstructed
lengths of the longest Pleistocene glaciers
Bioč
and
Maglie
on
Mts.
Volujak,
Glacier
Max.
(km)
Elevation
of the
front of
the glacier
Medium
(km)
Elevation
of the
front of
the glacier
phase
(km)
Elevation
of the
front of
the
glacier
Trnovački
Glacier
7
1230
6
1370
2-2,5
1650
Glaciers of
Mt.Bioč:
Dolovski Glacier
Biočke Grede
4,5
5,0
1320
1290
3,5
3,0
1800
1800
1,5
1,6
1950
2000
Smrekovac Glacier
4,5
1600
3,7
1750
1,2
1950
Mratinje
Glacier
3-4
1100?
2,5
1500
1,5
1800-1900
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Milovojević, Milovan |
author_facet | Milovojević, Milovan |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Milovojević, Milovan |
author_variant | m m mm |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV040484558 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)816245582 (DE-599)GBV716602784 |
format | Book |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01980nam a2200433 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV040484558</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">121015s2007 abd| |||| 00||| srp d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">8680029378</subfield><subfield code="9">86-8002937-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9788680029375</subfield><subfield code="9">978-86-8002937-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)816245582</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)GBV716602784</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">srp</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">7,41</subfield><subfield code="2">ssgn</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Milovojević, Milovan</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem</subfield><subfield code="c">Milovan Milovojević</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Beograd</subfield><subfield code="b">Geografski Inst. Jovan Cvijić</subfield><subfield code="c">2007</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">130 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Posebna izdanja / Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić</subfield><subfield code="v">68</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">PST: Glacial relief of Mts. Volujak, Bioč and Maglić. - In kyrill. Schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Glazialmorphologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4021212-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Volujak</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1026876184</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Volujak</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1026876184</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Glazialmorphologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4021212-9</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="810" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić</subfield><subfield code="t">Posebna izdanja</subfield><subfield code="v">68</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV008905274</subfield><subfield code="9">68</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025331709</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">910</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">090511</subfield><subfield code="g">49742</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">910</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">090511</subfield><subfield code="g">49745</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
geographic | Volujak (DE-588)1026876184 gnd |
geographic_facet | Volujak |
id | DE-604.BV040484558 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:24:44Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 8680029378 9788680029375 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025331709 |
oclc_num | 816245582 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 |
owner_facet | DE-12 |
physical | 130 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
publishDate | 2007 |
publishDateSearch | 2007 |
publishDateSort | 2007 |
publisher | Geografski Inst. Jovan Cvijić |
record_format | marc |
series2 | Posebna izdanja / Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić |
spelling | Milovojević, Milovan Verfasser aut Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem Milovan Milovojević Beograd Geografski Inst. Jovan Cvijić 2007 130 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Posebna izdanja / Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić 68 PST: Glacial relief of Mts. Volujak, Bioč and Maglić. - In kyrill. Schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Glazialmorphologie (DE-588)4021212-9 gnd rswk-swf Volujak (DE-588)1026876184 gnd rswk-swf Volujak (DE-588)1026876184 g Glazialmorphologie (DE-588)4021212-9 s DE-604 Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijić Posebna izdanja 68 (DE-604)BV008905274 68 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
spellingShingle | Milovojević, Milovan Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem Glazialmorphologie (DE-588)4021212-9 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4021212-9 (DE-588)1026876184 |
title | Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem |
title_auth | Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem |
title_exact_search | Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem |
title_full | Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem Milovan Milovojević |
title_fullStr | Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem Milovan Milovojević |
title_full_unstemmed | Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem Milovan Milovojević |
title_short | Glacijalni reljef na Volujaku sa Biočem i Maglićem |
title_sort | glacijalni reljef na volujaku sa biocem i maglicem |
topic | Glazialmorphologie (DE-588)4021212-9 gnd |
topic_facet | Glazialmorphologie Volujak |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025331709&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV008905274 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT milovojevicmilovan glacijalnireljefnavolujakusabiocemimaglicem |