Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2012
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 225 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | IMAGE 1
I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST O F MAPS, PHOTOS, FIGURES AND TABLES VI
TABLE O F ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS VIII
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XII
PREFACE XIII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION O F THE DISSERTATION 1
1.1 THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES OF THIS DISSERTATION 7
1.1.1 RESEARCH RELEVANCE 8
1.1.2 ACHIEVEMENT O F THESE OBJECTIVES 10
1.1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESIS 10
1.2 THE RESEARCH METHOD O F THIS DISSERTATION 11
1.2.1 PRIMARY SOURCES 11
1.2.2 SECONDARY SOURCES 13
1.3 THE ROAD M A P O F THIS DISSERTATION 13
CHAPTER 2
2.1
2.1.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.1.1
2.2.1.1.1
2.2.1.2
2.2.1.2.1
2.2.1.2.
2.2.1.2.
2.2.1.2.
2.2.1.2.
2.2.1.2.
2.2.1.2.
2.2.1.2.2
2.2.1.2.3
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND O F THE RESOURCE CURSE 14
RESOURCE CURSE ORIGIN 15
THE EMERGENCE O F THE RESOURCE CURSE THESIS 17
RESOURCE CURSE APPLICATION ON TYPES O F STRUCTURES AS POSSIBLE FACTORS
O F OIL CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA 19
THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRUCTURE AS A POSSIBLE FACTOR O F OIL
CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA 21
BACKGROUND O F OIL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA 22
NIGERIA OIL REVENUE ARRANGEMENTS WITH OIL MULTINATIONALS 2 5
NIGERIAN DEPENDENCE ON OIL REVENUE 2 8
NIGERIAN OIL REVENUE VOLATILITY 2 9
FACTORS DETERMINING OIL REVENUE VOLATILITY IN NIGERIA 30
. 1 NIGERIAN OIL PRODUCTION VOLATILITY 30
.2 WORLD OIL PRICE VOLATILITY INFLUENCE ON NIGERIA OIL REVENUES 3 3
.2.1 NIGERIAN ECONOMIC GROWTH VOLATILITY 34
.2.2 NIGERIAN BUDGET/EXPENDITURE VOLATILITY 3 6
.3 SOME O F THE FACTORS CAUSING WORLD OIL PRICE VOLATILITY 3 7
EXCESSIVE GOVERNMENT BORROWING 3 9
OLATILITY O F NIGERIAN TERMS O F TRADE 41
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1027968503
IMAGE 2
I I
2.2.1.2.4 IMPACTS O F EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON NIGERIA S ECONOMY 4 4
2.2.1.2.5 INFLATION AND THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY 4 8
2.2.1.2.5.1 CAUSES O F INFLATION IN THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY 5 0
2.2.1.2.5.2 EFFECTS O F INFLATION ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY 51
2.2.1.2.5.2.1 ITS EFFECTS ON UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE COUNTRY 51
2.2.1.2.5.2.2 REDUCTION IN PURCHASING POWER 52
2.2.1.2.5.2.3 CONFLICTS BETWEEN EMPLOYEES AND EMPLOYERS 5 3
2.2.1.2.6 LACK O F ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION B Y THE NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT
5 3
2.2.2 POLITICAL STRUCTURE O F NIGERIA AS POSSIBLE FACTOR O F OIL
CONFLICTS 57
2.2.2.1 REASON FOR ADOPTING A FEDERAL STRUCTURE FOR NIGERIA BY COLONIAL
RULERS 59
2.2.2.1.1 OIL DEPENDENCE AND THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC STRUCTURE O F
NIGERIA 62
2.2.2.1.1.1.1 CIVILIAN AND MILITARY AUTHORITARIAN RULE IN NIGERIA 64
2.2.2.1.2 OIL DEPENDENCE AND DISTRIBUTION O F POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
RESOURCES 6 8
2.2.2.1.2.1 THE DUTIES O F A STATE O R A GOVERNMENT TO ITS PEOPLE 6
9
2.2.2.1.2.1.1 THE PRINCIPLES O F DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE 70
2.2.2.1.2.2 UNFAIR ALLOCATION O F AUTONOMOUS POWER 72
2.2.2.1.2.3 UNFAIR DISTRIBUTION O F FEDERAL REVENUE 74
2.2.2.1.2.4 UNFAIR REPRESENTATION O F NIGER DELTA MINORITIES IN THE
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT76
2.2.2.1.2.4.1 IMPERMEABILITY O F THE MINORITY ELITE CLASS 78
2.2.2.2 EXISTENCE O F COLONIAL STRUCTURES IN THE POST- COLONIAL ERA
O F NIGERIAN POLITICS 7 8
2.2.2.2.1 THE PRINCIPLE O F INDIRECT RULE IN THE POST-COLONIAL ERA 7 9
2.2.2.3 POLITICAL CORRUPTION O F CIVILIAN AND MILITARY GOVERNMENTS IN
NIGERIA 81
2.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AS A STRUCTURE O F OIL CONFLICTS IN
NIGERIA 83
2.2.3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE FROM OIL SPILLS IN THE OIL RICH NIGER DELTA
86
2.2.3.1.1 OIL SPILL INCIDENTS IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION O F NIGERIA 87
2.2.3.1.1.1 THE CAUSES O F OIL SPILL INCIDENTS IN THE OIL REGION 89
2.2.3.1.1.1.1 THE POOR STATE O F OIL PIPELINES AND TANKS 89
2.2.3.1.1.1.2 SABOTAGE/VANDALISM 90
2.2.3.1.1.1.3 OIL PRODUCTION AND NON-FUNCTIONAL PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT 91
2.2.3.1.1.2 THE EFFECTS O F OIL SPILLS IN THE NIGER DELTA 92
2.2.3.1.1.2.1 WATER POLLUTION IN THE REGION 92
2.2.3.1.1.2.2 DEVASTATION O F FARMLANDS IN THE REGION 93
2.2.3.2 GAS FLARING IN OIL-PRODUCING COMMUNITIES O F THE NIGER DELTA
REGION 9 4
2.2.3.2.1 CAUSES O F GAS FLARING IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION 96
2.2.3.2.1.1 LACK O F INFRASTRUCTURE 9 7
2.2.3.2.1.2 IMPROPER GAS MANAGEMENT 9 7
IMAGE 3
I I I
2.2.3.2.1.3 CONFLICTS AS A CAUSE O F GAS FLARING IN THE REGION 9 8
2.2.3.2.2 EFFECTS O F GAS FLARING IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION O F NIGERIA
98
2.2.3.3 GOVERNMENT AND O M C S ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES FOR THE REGION 101
2.2.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURE AS A POSSIBLE FACTOR O F OIL CONFLICTS IN
NIGERIA. 105
2.2.4.1 POVERTY IN THE OIL RICH NIGER DELTA REGION 107
2.2.4.1.1 POVERTY INCIDENCE IN THE OIL REGION... 108
2.2.4.1.2 CAUSES O F POVERTY IN THE REGION 109
2.2.4.1.2.1 POOR PROVISION O F SOCIAL AMENITIES IN THE COUNTRY 110
2.2.4.1.2.1.1 EDUCATION/SKILLS TRAINING IN THE REGION 111
2.2.4.1.2.1.2 INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT SERVICES IN THE REGION 116
2.2.4.1.2.1.2.1 POOR TRANSPORTATION/HIGH COST O F FUEL 116
2.2.4.1.2.1.2.2 POOR HOUSING/TOILET FACILITIES IN THE REGION 117
2.2.4.1.2.1.2.3 POOR SOURCES O F DRINKING WATER IN THE OIL REGION 118
2.2.4.1.2.1.3 HEALTH CARE SERVICES/DELIVERY IN THE REGION 119
2.2.4.1.2.1.3.1 STATE O F HEALTHCARE CENTRES/HOSPITALS IN THE REGION 120
2.2.4.1.2.1.3.1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL DISEASES/EPIDEMICS 121
2.2.4.1.2.1.3.1.2 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AND HIV/AIDS 122
2.2.4.1.2.1.3.2 CAUSES O F THE POOR STATE O F HEALTHCARE
CENTRES/HOSPITALS IN THE REGION 123
2.2.4.1.2.2 UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDEREMPLOYMENT IN THE OIL REGION 124
2.2.4.1.2.3 SOCIAL UNREST IN THE REGION AS AN EFFECT O F POVERTY 125
2.2.4.1.2.4 THE HIGH RATE O F CRIME IN THE REGION AS AN EFFECT O F
POVERTY 126
2.2.4.2 GOVERNMENTS EFFORTS TO ERADICATE POVERTY IN NIGERIA 126
CHAPTER 3 THE NEO-LIBERAL STRUCTURE O F DEVELOPMENT AND OIL
MULTINATIONALS IMPACTS ON NIGERIA 129
3.1 POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS O F O M C S ON THE STRUCTURES O F
NIGERIA 130
3.1.1 OSTENSIBLE POSITIVE IMPACTS O F O M C S ON THE STRUCTURES O F
NIGERIA 131
3.1.1.1 REVENUE GENERATION TO NIGERIA 131
3.1.1.2 PROVISION O F EMPLOYMENT 132
3.1.1.3 SOCIAL PROJECTS TO IMPROVE QUALITY O F LIFE IN OIL COMMUNITIES
132
3.1.2 NEGATIVE IMPACTS O F O M C S ON THE STRUCTURES O F N I G E R I A
132
3.1.2.1 CONTROL OVER SUBSIDIARIES AND FINANCIAL FLOWS 134
3.1.2.2 IMPOTENCY O F THE GOVERNMENT TO ENFORCE INTERNATIONAL REGIMES O
N O M C S 136
3.1.2.3 HINDRANCE O F DEVELOPMENT THROUGH DISTORTION O F RESOURCE
DISTRIBUTION 136
3.1.2.4 INABILITY O F NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT TO BOOST INDIGENOUS OIL
COMPANIES 136
3.1.2.5 O M C S INFLUENCE ON NIGERIAN ELECTIONS AS LOSS O F SOVEREIGNTY
137
3.1.2.6 O M C S CORRUPTION/FRAUD, MALPRACTICES IN NIGERIA 138
IMAGE 4
I V
3.1.3 EVALUATION O F THE NEOLIBERAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN NIGERIA 139
3.1.3.1 PUBLIC CHOICE THEORY: A DEFENCE O F THE NEOLIBERAL
FREE MARKET IDEOLOGY 140
3.1.3.2 MERCANTILIST ATTACK AGAINST SURRENDERING O F SOVEREIGNTY TO OMCS
141
3.1.3.3 DEPENDENCY CRITIQUE O F THE NEOLIBERAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY 143
CHAPTER 4 TYPES O F ACTORS AND THEIR REACTIONS TO THE POSSIBLE FACTORS O
F OIL CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA 147
4.1 OIL COMMUNITIES RESPONSE TO STRUCTURES AS POSSIBLE FACTORS O F
CONFLICTS . 153
4.1.1 OIL COMMUNITIES PEACEFUL AND VIOLENT RESPONSES 153
4.1.1.1 RESPONSE THROUGH PEACEFUL MEANS 154
4.1.1.1.1 ADVANCING DIALOGUE B Y DEMANDING FOR COMPENSATION 155
4.1.1.1.2 PEACEFUL PROTESTS TO THE FAILURE TO COMPENSATE 156
4.1.1.2 RESPONSE THROUGH VIOLENT MEANS 157
4.1.1.2.1 EMERGENCE O F NIGER DELTA MILITANT GROUPS 158
4.1.1.2.1.1 FORMS O F MILITANT AGGRESSION 161
4.1.1.2.1.1.1 ARMED CONFRONTATION WITH GOVERNMENT FORCES IN THE REGION
161
4.1.1.2.1.1.2 HOSTAGE TAKING O F EXPATRIATE OIL WORKERS AND GOVERNMENT
OFFICIALS 162
4.1.1.2.1.1.3 SABOTAGE O F OIL PIPELINES IN THE REGION 164
4.1.1.2.1.1.4 ILLEGAL OIL BUNKERING IN THE REGION 166
4.1.1.2.2 IMPACT O F MILITANTS REACTION ON THE OIL INDUSTRY AND THE
WORLD MARKET 167
4.2 OIL MULTINATIONALS RESPONSE TO OIL COMMUNITIES
REACTIONS AND STRUCTURES 168
4.2.1 OIL-MULTINATIONALS PEACEFUL AND VIOLENT RESPONSE 168
4.2.1.1 OIL MULTINATIONALS PEACEFUL RESPONSE 169
4.2.1.2 OIL MULTINATIONALS VIOLENT RESPONSE 170
4.2.1.2.1 SUPPLY O F FIREARMS TO GOVERNMENT FOR FACILITIES PROTECTION
170
4.2.1.2.2 DIVISION O F COMMUNITIES IN THE REGION 171
4.3 GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TO OIL COMMUNITIES REACTIONS AND STRUCTURES 171
4.3.1 GOVERNMENT PEACEFUL AND VIOLENT RESPONSES T O
OIL COMMUNITIES REACTIONS.... 172
4.3.1.1 PEACEFUL GOVERNMENT RESPONSES TO OIL COMMUNITIES REACTIONS 172
4.3.1.2 VIOLENT GOVERNMENT RESPONSES TO OIL COMMUNITIES REACTIONS 175
4.3.1.2.1 IMPACTS O F THE USE O F COERCION 176
4.3.1.2.1.1 HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES: RAPE, TORTURE, EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLINGS,
IMPRISONMENT WITHOUT CHARGE 176
4.3.1.2.1.2 INCREASED RECRUITMENT O F YOUTH IN THE REGION 177
4.3.1.2.2 GOVERNMENTAL DIVIDE AND RULE IN OIL COMMUNITIES 178
IMAGE 5
V
4.4 ROLES O F CIVIL SOCIETY AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS IN THE
OIL CONFLICTS O F NIGERIA 179
4.4.1 CIVIL SOCIETY ROLES IN THE OIL CONFLICTS O F NIGERIA 180
4.4.1.1 REPORT TO INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS ON THE SITUATION IN THE
REGION 182
4.4.1.2 ENGAGE IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 183
4.4.1.3 ENGAGE IN ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 183
4.4.1.4 ENGAGE IN POLITICAL ISSUES 184
4.4.2 INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS ROLE IN THE OIL CONFLICTS O F NIGERIA
185
4.4.2.1 N G O S ROLE IN THE OIL CONFLICTS O F NIGERIA 185
4.4.2.1.1 INFORM THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ON THE SITUATION IN THE
REGION 186
4.4.2.1.2 COOPERATE WITH CIVIL SOCIETY GROUPS THAT ARE WORKING ON THE
ISSUE 187
4.4.2.1.3 INVOLVE IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS 187
4.4.2.1.4 FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO CIVIL SOCIETY GROUPS 187
4.4.2.1.5 COMMUNICATE WITH THE GOVERNMENT AND O M C S IN THE REGION 188
4.4.2.1.6 HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES IN THE REGION ! 188
4.4.2.1.7 INVOLVE IN ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN THE REGION 188
4.4.2.1.8 OIL BUSINESS TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY 189
4.4.2.1.9 MEDIATE FOR THE RELEASE O F ABDUCTED PERSONS IN THE REGION 189
4.4.2.2 IGOS ROLE IN THE OIL CONFLICTS O F NIGERIA 189
4.4.2.2.1 THROUGH ESTABLISHED REGIMES 190
4.4.2.2.2 IMPOSING SANCTIONS ON NIGERIA 192
4.4.2.2.3 HUMANITARIAN PROJECTS IN THE REGION 192
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 193
5.1 SUMMARY O F DISSERTATION 193
5.1.1 SOLUTIONS TO THE NIGERIAN OIL CONFLICTS 199
5.1.1.1 FAILURE O F INSTITUTIONS AND H O W TO CORRECT THEM 200
5.1.1.1.1 ELIMINATING CORRUPTION 203
5.1.1.2 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 204
5.1.1.3 ENDING VIOLENT CAMPAIGNS AGAINST MILITANTS 205
5.1.1.4 DIVERSIFYING THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY 206
CHAPTER 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY 208
CURRICULUM VITAE 224
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Efe, Joseph Ndjoli 1968- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1026667690 |
| author_facet | Efe, Joseph Ndjoli 1968- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Efe, Joseph Ndjoli 1968- |
| author_variant | j n e jn jne |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040458519 |
| classification_rvk | MI 31086 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)826538028 (DE-599)BVBBV040458519 |
| dewey-full | 333.823209669 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 333 - Economics of land and energy |
| dewey-raw | 333.823209669 |
| dewey-search | 333.823209669 |
| dewey-sort | 3333.823209669 |
| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Politologie Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | Nigeria (DE-588)4042300-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Nigeria |
| id | DE-604.BV040458519 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:24:22Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025306024 |
| oclc_num | 826538028 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-188 DE-384 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-11 DE-N2 DE-521 DE-83 DE-12 DE-824 DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-188 DE-384 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-11 DE-N2 DE-521 DE-83 DE-12 DE-824 DE-703 |
| physical | XV, 225 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Efe, Joseph Ndjoli 1968- Verfasser (DE-588)1026667690 aut Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria by Joseph Efe Ndjoli 2012 XV, 225 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2009 Ressourcenpolitik (DE-588)4177874-1 gnd rswk-swf Rohstoffvermarktung (DE-588)4135326-2 gnd rswk-swf Politischer Konflikt (DE-588)4115589-0 gnd rswk-swf Erdöl (DE-588)4015179-7 gnd rswk-swf Rohstoffreserve (DE-588)4425009-5 gnd rswk-swf Nigeria (DE-588)4042300-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Nigeria (DE-588)4042300-1 g Erdöl (DE-588)4015179-7 s Ressourcenpolitik (DE-588)4177874-1 s Rohstoffreserve (DE-588)4425009-5 s Rohstoffvermarktung (DE-588)4135326-2 s Politischer Konflikt (DE-588)4115589-0 s DE-188 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025306024&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Efe, Joseph Ndjoli 1968- Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria Ressourcenpolitik (DE-588)4177874-1 gnd Rohstoffvermarktung (DE-588)4135326-2 gnd Politischer Konflikt (DE-588)4115589-0 gnd Erdöl (DE-588)4015179-7 gnd Rohstoffreserve (DE-588)4425009-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4177874-1 (DE-588)4135326-2 (DE-588)4115589-0 (DE-588)4015179-7 (DE-588)4425009-5 (DE-588)4042300-1 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria |
| title_auth | Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria |
| title_exact_search | Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria |
| title_full | Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria by Joseph Efe Ndjoli |
| title_fullStr | Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria by Joseph Efe Ndjoli |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria by Joseph Efe Ndjoli |
| title_short | Structures and actors of oil conflicts in Nigeria |
| title_sort | structures and actors of oil conflicts in nigeria |
| topic | Ressourcenpolitik (DE-588)4177874-1 gnd Rohstoffvermarktung (DE-588)4135326-2 gnd Politischer Konflikt (DE-588)4115589-0 gnd Erdöl (DE-588)4015179-7 gnd Rohstoffreserve (DE-588)4425009-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ressourcenpolitik Rohstoffvermarktung Politischer Konflikt Erdöl Rohstoffreserve Nigeria Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025306024&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT efejosephndjoli structuresandactorsofoilconflictsinnigeria |