Marine biology:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY
McGraw-Hill
2013
|
| Ausgabe: | 9. ed., internat. student ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 462 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780071318570 0071318577 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Castro, Peter |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Marine biology |c Peter Castro ; Michael E. Huber |
| 250 | |a 9. ed., internat. student ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York, NY |b McGraw-Hill |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XV, 462 S. |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804149498250788864 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
About the Authors ix
Preface x
Part OnC Principles of Marine Science
1 The Science of Marine Biology 1
The Science of Marine Biology 2
The History of Marine Biology 2
Marine Biology Today 7
The Scientific Method 8
Observation: The Currency of Science 9
Two Ways of Thinking 10
Testing Ideas 11
Limitations of the Scientific Method 15
Observing the Ocean 6
Eye on Science: Carbonate Experiments on the Reef 14
John Steinbeck and Ed Ricketts 16
Interactive Exploration 17
2 The Sea Floor 18
The Water Planet 18
The Geography of the Ocean Basins 19
The Structure of the Earth 19
The Origin and Structure of the Ocean Basins 21
Early Evidence of Continental Drift 21
The Theory of Plate Tectonics 21
The Geological History of the Earth 29
The Geological Provinces of the Ocean 33
Continental Margins 33
Deep-Ocean Basins 35
The Mid-Ocean Ridge and Hydrothermal Vents 36
Eye on Science: Life Below the Sea Floor 28
The Hawaiian Islands, Hot Spots, and the Great Mantle Plume Debate 36
Interactive Exploration 39
3 Chemical and Physical Features of Seawater
and the World Ocean 40
The Waters of the Ocean 40
The Unique Nature of Pure Water 41
Seawater 43
Ocean Circulation 48
Surface Circulation 48
Thermohaline Circulation and the Great Ocean
Conveyor 52
Waves and Tides 55
Waves 56
Tides 57
Tall Ships and Surface Currents 5!
Eye on Science: Larval Transport Near Hydrothermal Vents 54
Waves That Kill 58
Interactive Exploration 63
4 Fundamentals of Biology 64
The Ingredients of Life 65
The Building Blocks 65
The Fuel of Life 66
Living Machinery 68
Cells and Organelles 69
Levels of Organization 70
Challenges of Life in the Sea 71
Salinity 72
Temperature 75
Surface-to-Volume Ratio 76
Perpetuating Life 76
Modes of Reproduction 77
Reproductive Strategies 78
The Diversity of Life in the Sea 78
Natural Selection and Adaptation 79
Classifying Living Things 79
Evolutionary Perspective: From Snack to Servant: How Complex
Cells Arose 73
Eye on Science: When Fishes Stepped on Land 80
Interactive Exploration 84
Part Two The Organisms of the Sea
5 The Microbial World 85
Viruses 86
Prokaryotes 86
Bacteria 88
Archaea 89
Prokaryote Metabolism 91
Unicellular Algae 93
Diatoms 94
Dinoflagellates 95
Other Unicellular Algae 96
Contents
Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists 97
Foraminiferans 97
Radiolarians 98
Ciliates 98
Fungi 98
Evolutionary Perspective: Symbiotic Bacteria—the Essential Guests 90
Tiny Cells, Big Surprises 92
Eye on Science: A Fourth Domain of the Tree of Life? 93
The Bay of Fire 96
Interactive Exploration 101
6 Multicellular Primary Producers:
Seaweeds and Plants 102
Multicellular Algae: The Seaweeds 102
General Structure 103
Types of Seaweeds 103
Life History 106
Economic Importance 108
Flowering Plants 111
Seagrasses 111
Salt-Marsh Plants 112
Mangroves 112
Seaweeds for Gourmets 109
Eye on Science: Marine Algae as Biofuels 110
Interactive Exploration I 14
7 Marine Animals Without a Backbone 115
Sponges 116
Cnidarians: Radial Symmetry 118
Types of Cnidarians 120
Biology of Cnidarians 121
Comb Jellies: Radial Symmetry Revisited 122
Bilaterally Symmetrical Worms 123
Flatworms 123
Ribbon Worms 123
Nematodes 124
Segmented Worms 125
Peanut Worms 127
Echiurans 127
Molluscs: The Successful Soft Body 127
Types of Molluscs 129
Biology of Molluscs 132
Arthropods: The Armored Achievers 134
Cmstaceans 134
Biology of Crustaceans 137
Other Marine Arthropods 138
Lophophorates 140
Bryozoans 140
Phoronids 140
Lamp Shells 140
Arrow Worms 140
Echinoderms: Five-Way Symmetry 141
Types of Echinoderms 142
Biology of Echinoderms 144
Hemichordates: A “Missing Link”? 145
Chordates Without a Backbone 145
Tunicates 145
Lancelets 147
The Case of the Killer Cnidarians 122
How to Discover a New Phylum 128
Eye on Science: The Octopus Complex Brain 133
Interactive Exploration 150
8 Marine Fishes 151
Vertebrates: An Introduction 151
Types of Fishes 152
Jawless Fishes 153
Cartilaginous Fishes 153
Bony Fishes 156
Biology of Fishes 158
Body Shape 158
Coloration 158
Locomotion 159
Feeding 160
Digestion 161
Circulatory System 162
Respiratory System 162
Regulation of the Internal Environment 164
Nervous System and Sensory Organs 164
Behavior 166
Reproduction and Life History 170
Shark! 157
Eye on Science: Great White Shark Migrations 168
Evolutionary Perspective: A Fish called Latimeria 171
Interactive Exploration 176
9 Marine Reptiles, Birds,
and Mammals 177
Marine Reptiles 179
Sea Turtles 179
Sea Snakes 179
Other Marine Reptiles 180
Biology of Marine Reptiles 180
Seabirds 182
Penguins 182
Tubenoses 183
Pelicans and Related Seabirds 184
Gulls and Related Seabirds 184
Shorebirds 185
Biology of Seabirds 185
Marine Mammals 186
Seals, Sea Lions, and the Walrus 186
Sea Otter, Marine Otter, and Polar Bear 188
Manatees and Dugong 188
Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises 189
Biology of Marine Mammals 198
The Endangered Sea Turtles 180
Evolutionary Perspective: The Whales that Walked to Sea 191
Eye on Science: Feeding in the Blue Whale 200
How Intelligent Are Cetaceans? 203
Interactive Exploration 210
VI
Contents
Part Three Structure and Function
of Marine Ecosystems
10 An Introduction to Marine Ecology 211
The Organization of Communities 212
How Populations Grow 212
Ways That Species Interact 213
Major Marine Lifestyles and Environments 220
The Flow of Energy and Materials 221
Trophic Structure 221
Cycles of Essential Nutrients 226
Biodiversity: All Creatures Great and Small 215
Eye on Science: The Census of Marine Life 216
Cleaning Associations 218
Eye on Science: Ecology and Economics 224
Interactive Exploration 230
SPECIAL REPORT: Our Changing Planet 231
Rolling the Dice: Climate Change 231
The Greenhouse: Too Much of a Good Thing? 232
Betting on Black: C02 Through
the Roof 232
What’s Happening Now? 233
What Lies Ahead? 235
So What? 235
Ocean Acidification: The Other C02 Problem 236
Overwhelming the Nitrogen Cycle 237
The No-Zone 238
Stripping the Sea Bare 239
Disappearing Habitats 241
So What Do We Do? 241
Will There Be a Last Straw? 239
For More Information 243
11 Between the Tides 244
Rocky Shore Intertidal Communities 245
Exposure at Low Tide 245
The Power of the Sea 248
The Battle for Space 251
Vertical Zonation of Rocky Shores 253
Soft-Bottom Intertidal Communities 262
The Shifting Sediments 262
Living in the Sediment 263
Transplantation, Removal, and Caging Experiments 256
Eye on Science: PISCO Studies in the Rocky Intertidal 261
Interactive Exploration 267
12 Estuaries: Where Rivers Meet the Sea 268
Origins and Types of Estuaries 268
Physical Characteristics of Estuaries 270
Salinity 270
Substrate 271
Other Physical Factors 271
Estuaries as Ecosystems 271
Living in an Estuary 271
Types of Estuarine Communities 273
Feeding Interactions Among Estuarine Organisms
Human Impact on Estuarine Communities 283
Fiddler on the Mud 276
Eye on Science: Restoration of Salt Marshes 284
Interactive Exploration 286
13 Life on the Continental Shelf 287
Physical Characteristics of the
Sub tidal Environment 287
Continental Shelf Bottom Communities 288
Soft-Bottom Subtidal Communities 289
Hard-Bottom Subtidal Communities 298
Under the Antarctic Ice 290
Life in Mud and Sand 295
Eye on Science: Seagrass Wasting Disease 296
Interactive Exploration 306
14 Coral Reefs 307
The Organisms That Build Reefs 307
Reef Corals 308
Other Reef Builders 311
Conditions for Reef Growth 312
Kinds of Coral Reefs 316
Fringing Reefs 316
Barrier Reefs 317
Atolls 319
The Ecology of Coral Reefs 322
The Trophic Structure of Coral Reefs 322
Coral Reef Communities 324
Coral Reproduction 315
Deep-Water Coral Communities 321
Eye on Science: Reef Check 325
“Must Have Been Something I Ate” 329
Interactive Exploration 331
15 Life Near the Surface 332
The Organisms of the Epipelagic 333
The Plankton: A New Understanding 333
The Phytoplankton 334
The Zooplankton 335
The Nekton 340
Living in the Epipelagic 341
Staying Afloat 341
Predators and Their Prey 343
Epipelagic Food Webs 348
Trophic Levels and Energy Flow 348
The Microbial Loop 349
Patterns of Production 350
The El Nino-Southern Oscillation 357
Red Tides and Harmful Algal Blooms 338
Swimming Machines 347
Eye on Science: Biological Nutrient Pumps 356
Interactive Exploration 360
Contents
16 The Ocean Depths 361
The Twilight World 363
The Animals of the Mesopelagic 363
Adaptations of Midwater Animals 365
The World of Perpetual Darkness 372
The Lack of Food 373
Sex in the Deep Sea 374
Living Under Pressure 374
The Deep-Ocean Floor 375
Feeding in the Deep-Sea Benthos 375
The Nature of Life in the Deep-Sea
Benthos 377
Microbes in the Deep Sea 378
Hot Springs, Cold Seeps, and Dead Bodies 379
The Chambered Nautilus 364
Biodiversity in the Deep Sea 378
Eye on Science: Alvin Reborn 379
Interactive Exploration 382
Part Four Humans and the Sea
17 Resources from the Sea 383
The Living Resources of the Sea 383
Food from the Sea 384
Marine Life as Items of Commerce
and Recreation 399
Non-Living Resources from the
Sea Floor 400
Oil and Gas 400
Ocean Mining 402
Non-Living Resources from Seawater 402
Energy 402
Fresh Water 403
Minerals 404
Of Fish and Seabirds, Fishers and Chickens 393
Eye on Science: The Aquaculture of Bluefin Tunas 397
Take Two Sponges and Call Me in the Morning 401
Interactive Exploration 405
18 The Impact of Humans on the Marine
Environment 406
Modification and Destruction of Habitats 406
Human Impact on Coral Reefs 407
Trawling 408
Pollution 409
Eutrophication 409
Sewage 410
Oil 411
Persistent Toxic Substances 413
Solid Waste 417
Thermal Pollution 417
Threatened and Endangered Species 417
Conserving and Enhancing the Environment 420
Conservation 420
Restoration of Habitats 421
Artificial Reefs 422
Eye on Science: Human Impact on the Arctic 415
Biological Invasions: The Uninvited Guests 418
Sand on the Run, or What to Do with Our Shrinking Beaches 422
Ten Simple Things You Can Do to Save the Oceans 423
Interactive Exploration 424
19 The Oceans and Human Affairs 425
Oceans as Barriers and Avenues 425
Oceans and Cultures 427
Prospects for the Future 430
Marine Archaeology 429
Eye on Science: Effects of Climate Change on Arctic Peoples 431
Interactive Exploration 433
Appendix A Units of Measurement 434
Appendix B Field Guides and Other References for the
Identification of Marine Organisms in
North America 435
Glossary 436
Credits 448
Index 450
|
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| spelling | Castro, Peter Verfasser aut Marine biology Peter Castro ; Michael E. Huber 9. ed., internat. student ed. New York, NY McGraw-Hill 2013 XV, 462 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Marine biology Textbooks Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 gnd rswk-swf Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 s DE-604 Huber, Michael E. Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025289534&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Castro, Peter Huber, Michael E. Marine biology Marine biology Textbooks Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4169246-9 |
| title | Marine biology |
| title_auth | Marine biology |
| title_exact_search | Marine biology |
| title_full | Marine biology Peter Castro ; Michael E. Huber |
| title_fullStr | Marine biology Peter Castro ; Michael E. Huber |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine biology Peter Castro ; Michael E. Huber |
| title_short | Marine biology |
| title_sort | marine biology |
| topic | Marine biology Textbooks Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Marine biology Textbooks Meeresbiologie |
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