Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle):
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin
Ernst
2014
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXV, 469 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783433030189 9783433604113 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) |c ed. by German Geotechnical Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e.V.) |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin |b Ernst |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a XXV, 469 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804149485846134784 |
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| adam_text | INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
MEMBERS OF THE AK 2.1 PILING COMMITTEE
OF THE GERMAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY V
PREFACE OF THE ENGLISH VERSION OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS
OF THE PILING COMMITTEE OF THE GERMAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY VII
PREFACE OF THE 2
ND
GERMAN EDITION IX
1 INTRODUCTION TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS
AND THEIR APPLICATION PRINCIPLES 1
1.1 NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PILING WORKS 1
1.2 TYPES OF ANALYSIS AND LIMIT STATES USING
THE PARTIAL SAFETY FACTOR APPROACH 2
1.2.1 NEW STANDARDS GENERATION AND THEIR APPLICATION
TO PILE FOUNDATIONS 2
1.2.2 ACTIONS, EFFECTS AND RESISTANCES 3
1.2.3 LIMIT STATES AND NATIONAL APPLICATION
OF THE EC 7-1 GERMAN HANDBOOK 4
1.2.4 TRANSITIONAL REGULATIONS FOR APPLYING OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS
ON PILING IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE EC 7-1 GERMAN HANDBOOK .... 7
1.3 PLANNING AND TESTING PILE FOUNDATIONS 7
2 PILE SYSTEMS 9
2.1 OVERVIEW AND CLASSIFICATION INTO PILE SYSTEMS 9
2.2 PILE CONSTRUCTION 12
2.2.1 BORED PILES 12
2.2.1.1 CASED BORED PILES 12
2.2.1.2 UNSUPPORTED EXCAVATIONS 14
2.2.1.3 FLUID-SUPPORTED EXCAVATIONS 14
2.2.1.4 SOIL-SUPPORTED, CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGER BORED PILES 15
2.2.1.5 SOIL-SUPPORTED, PARTIAL FLIGHT AUGER BORED PILES 16
2.2.1.6 BORED PILES WITH ENLARGED BASES 16
2.2.1.7 DIAPHRAGM WALL ELEMENTS/BARETTES 17
2.2.2 PREFABRICATED DRIVEN PILES 17
2.2.2.1 INTRODUCTION 17
2.2.2.2 PRECAST DRIVEN CONCRETE PILES 18
2.2.2.3 PREFABRICATED DRIVEN STEEL AND CAST-IRON PILES 18
2.2.2.4 PREFABRICATED DRIVEN TIMBER PILES 19
2.2.3 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE PILES 20
XI
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1022167294
2.2.3.1 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE PILES WITH INTERNAL DRIVING TUBE
(FRANKI PILE) 20
2.2.3.2 CAST-IN-PLACE TOP-DRIVEN PILES (E.G. SIMPLEX PILES) 20
2.2.4 SCREW PILES (FULL DISPLACEMENT BORED PILES) 21
2.2.4.1 INTRODUCTION 21
2.2.4.2 ATLAS PILES 22
2.2.4.3 FUNDEX PILES 22
2.2.5 GROUTED DISPLACEMENT PILES 23
2.2.5.1 PRESSURE-GROUTED PILES 23
2.2.5.2 VIBRO-INJECTION PILES 23
2.2.6 MICROPILES 24
2.2.7 TUBULAR GROUTED PILES 24
2.3 FOUNDATION ELEMENTS SIMILAR TO PILES 25
3 PILE FOUNDATION DESIGN AND ANALYSIS PRINCIPLES 27
3.1 PILE FOUNDATION SYSTEMS 27
3.1.1 SINGLE PILE SOLUTIONS 27
3.1.2 PILE GRILLAGES 28
3.1.3 PILE GROUPS 29
3.1.4 PILED RAFT FOUNDATIONS 30
3.2 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR PILE FOUNDATIONS 32
3.3 CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR PILE FOUNDATIONS 39
3.4 PILE SYSTEMS FOR THE EXECUTION OF EXCAVATIONS
AND FOR RETAINING STRUCTURES 40
3.4.1 GENERAL 40
3.4.2 PILE CONFIGURATIONS 41
3.4.3 PILE SYSTEMS AND SPECIAL EXECUTION REQUIREMENTS 41
3.4.4 DESIGN 42
3.4.5 REINFORCEMENT 42
3.4.6 CONCRETE 42
3.4.7 IMPERMEABILITY OF BORED PILE WALLS 42
3.5 PILES FOR THE STABILISATION OF SLOPES 43
3.6 USE OF SACRIFICIAL LININGS 44
4 ACTIONS AND EFFECTS 47
4.1 INTRODUCTION 47
4.2 PILE FOUNDATION LOADS IMPOSED BY THE STRUCTURE 48
4.3 INSTALLATION EFFECTS ON PILES 48
4.4 NEGATIVE SKIN FRICTION 49
4.4.1 INTRODUCTION 49
4.4.2 DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTIC ACTION
FROM NEGATIVE SKIN FRICTION 50
4.4.3 DETERMINATION OF THE DESIGN VALUES OF ACTIONS OR EFFECTS
AND METHOD OF VERIFICATION 53
XII
4.4.4 SKIN FRICTION AS A RESULT OF HEAVE IN THE VICINITY OF THE PILE 53
4.5 LATERAL PRESSURE 54
4.5.1 INTRODUCTION 54
4.5.2 NECESSITY FOR DESIGN OF PILES FOR LATERAL PRESSURE 55
4.5.3 DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTIC ACTION FROM FLOW PRESSURE ...
57
4.5.4 DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTIC ACTION
FROM THE RESULTING EARTH PRESSURE 58
4.5.5 INFLUENCES OF DISTANCE AND MINIMUM MOMENTS 61
4.5.6 EFFECTS ON PILES 62
4.6 ADDITIONAL EFFECTS ON RAKING PILES RESULTING
FROM GROUND DEFORMATIONS 62
4.6.1 INTRODUCTION 62
4.6.2 SURCHARGES RESULTING FROM ANCHORING STEEL AND MICROPILES 63
4.7 FOUNDATION PILES IN SLOPES AND AT RETAINING STRUCTURES 65
4.7.1 FOUNDATION PILES IN SLOPES 65
4.7.2 FOUNDATION PILES AT RETAINING STRUCTURES 67
5 BEARING CAPACITY AND RESISTANCES OF SINGLE PILES 69
5.1 GENERAL 69
5.2 DETERMINING PILE RESISTANCES FROM STATIC PILE LOAD TESTS 70
5.2.1 GENERAL 70
5.2.2 CHARACTERISTIC PILE RESISTANCES IN THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE 71
5.2.3 CHARACTERISTIC PILE RESISTANCES IN THE SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE.
... 72
5.3 DETERMINING PILE RESISTANCES FROM DYNAMIC PILE LOAD TESTS ... 72
5.4 AXIAL PILE RESISTANCES BASED ON EMPIRICAL DATA 75
5.4.1 GENERAL 75
5.4.2 GUIDANCE FOR THE APPLICATION 76
5.4.3 APPLICATION PRINCIPLES AND LIMITATIONS OF TABLED DATA 77
5.4.4 PREFABRICATED DRIVEN PILES 79
5.4.4.1 GENERAL 79
5.4.4.2 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF BASE RESISTANCE AND SKIN FRICTION
OF PREFABRICATED DRIVEN PILES 82
5.4.4.3 EMPIRICAL DATA ON THE BEARING CAPACITY
OF OPEN-ENDED STEEL TUBES AND HOLLOW BOXES 84
5.4.4.4 EXPERIENCE WITH PREFABRICATED PILES IN ROCK AND VERY DENSE
OR CEMENTED SOILS 85
5.4.5 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE PILES 86
5.4.5.1 GENERAL 86
5.4.5.2 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF BASE RESISTANCE AND SKIN FRICTION
OF SIMPLEX PILES 87
5.4.5.3 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF BASE RESISTANCE AND SKIN FRICTION
OF FRANKI PILES 88
5.4.6 BORED PILES 96
5.4.6.1 GENERAL 96
XIII
5.4.6.2 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF BASE RESISTANCE AND SKIN FRICTION
OFBOREDPILES 98
5.4.6.3 EMPIRICAL DATA FOR BASE RESISTANCE AND SKIN FRICTION
OF PILES IN ROCK AND CEMENTED SOILS 100
5.4.6.4 DIAPHRAGM WALL ELEMENTS (BARETTES) 103
5.4.6.5 BORED PILE WALLS AND DIAPHRAGM WALLS 104
5.4.7 PARTIAL DISPLACEMENT PILES 104
5.4.8 SCREW PILES 105
5.4.8.1 GENERAL 105
5.4.8.2 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF BASE RESISTANCE AND SKIN FRICTION
OF SCREW PILES 106
5.4.9 GROUTED DISPLACEMENT PILES AND MICROPILES 108
5.4.9.1 GENERAL 108
5.4.9.2 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF SKIN FRICTION OF PRESSURE-GROUTED PILES 109
5.4.9.3 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF SKIN FRICTION OF VIBRO-INJECTION PILES 110
5.4.9.4 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF SKIN FRICTION OF GROUTED MICROPILES 110
5.4.9.5 EMPIRICAL VALUES OF SKIN FRICTION IN TUBULAR GROUTED PILES ILL
5.4.9.6 BOND STRESS IN GROUTED DISPLACEMENT PILES 112
5.4.10 APPLYING THE EMPIRICAL DATA TO TENSION PILES 112
5.5 BORED PILES WITH ENLARGED BASES 113
5.6 ADDITIONAL METHODS USING THE EC 7-1 AND EC 7-2 HANDBOOKS .. 114
5.7 PILE RESISTANCES FOR GROUTED SHAFTS AND BASES 114
5.8 RESISTANCES OF PILES UNDER LATERAL LOADS 115
5.9 PILE RESISTANCES UNDER DYNAMIC ACTIONS 116
5.10 INTERNAL PILE CAPACITY 116
5.10.1 GENERAL 116
5.10.2 ALLOWABLE CROSS-SECTION STRESSES 117
5.10.3 RESISTANCE OF PILES AGAINST BUCKLING FAILURE IN SOIL STRATA
WITH LOW LATERAL SUPPORT, AND BUCKLING ANALYSIS 118
5.11 NUMERICAL ANALYSES OF THE CAPACITY OF SINGLE PILES 119
6 STABILITY ANALYSES 121
6.1 INTRODUCTION 121
6.2 LIMIT STATE EQUATIONS 121
6.3 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS 122
6.3.1 AXIALLY LOADED PILES 122
6.3.2 LATERALLY LOADED PILES 123
6.3.3 STRUCTURAL FAILURE IN PILES 125
6.4 SERVICEABILITY ANALYSIES 125
6.4.1 AXIALLY LOADED PILES 125
6.4.2 LATERALLY LOADED PILES 127
6.5 PILE GROUPS AND GRILLAGES 127
6.6 PILED RAFT FOUNDATIONS 127
XIV
7 GRILLAGE ANALYSIS 129
7.1 ANALYSIS MODELS AND PROCEDURES 129
7.2 NON-LINEAR PILE BEARING BEHAVIOUR IN GRILLAGE ANALYSIS 130
8 ANALYSIS AND VERIFICATION OF PILE GROUPS 131
8.1 ACTIONS AND EFFECTS 131
8.1.1 COMPRESSION PILE GROUPS 131
8.1.2 TENSION PILE GROUPS 131
8.1.3 LATERALLY LOADED PILE GROUPS 133
8.2 BEARING CAPACITY AND RESISTANCES OF PILE GROUPS 133
8.2.1 COMPRESSION PILE GROUPS 133
8.2.1.1 INTRODUCTION 133
8.2.1.2 GROUP EFFECT IN TERMS OF THE SETTLEMENTS OF BORED PILE
GROUPS.... 134
8.2.1.3 RESISTANCES IN (BORED) GROUP PILES 141
8.2.1.4 DISPLACEMENT PILE GROUPS 146
8.2.1.5 MICROPILE GROUPS 147
8.2.1.6 LAYERED GROUND 147
8.2.2 TENSION PILE GROUPS 148
8.2.3 LATERALLY LOADED GROUPS 148
8.3 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSES 152
8.3.1 COMPRESSION PILE GROUPS 152
8.3.1.1 EXTERNAL CAPACITY 152
8.3.1.2 STRUCTURAL ANALYSES OF THE PILE CAPPING SLAB 153
8.3.2 TENSION PILE GROUPS 154
8.3.2.1 INTRODUCTION 154
8.3.2.2 ANALYSIS OF THE ATTACHED SOIL BLOCK IN THE UPL LIMIT STATE 154
8.3.2.3 ANALYSIS OF THE CAPACITY OF A SINGLE TENSION PILE
IN THE GEO-2 LIMIT STATE 155
8.3.3 STRUCTURAL FAILURE OF GROUP PILES AND PILE CAP STRUCTURES 155
8.4 SERVICEABILITY ANALYSES 156
8.4.1 COMPRESSION PILE GROUPS 156
8.4.2 TENSION PILE GROUPS 157
8.4.3 LATERALLY LOADED PILE GROUPS 157
8.5 HIGHER ACCURACY PILE GROUP ANALYSES 157
9 STATIC PILE LOAD TESTS 159
9.1 INTRODUCTION 159
9.2 STATIC AXIAL PILE LOAD TESTS 159
9.2.1 INSTALLATION OF TEST PILES 159
9.2.2 TEST PLANNING 160
9.2.2.1 GENERAL NOTES 160
9.2.2.2 NUMBER OF TEST PILES 161
9.2.2.3 TEST LOAD 162
XV
9.2.2.4 PRINCIPLES FOR THE INSTRUMENTATION 164
9.2.2.5 SPECIAL LOAD SITUATIONS 164
9.2.3 LOADING SYSTEMS 165
9.2.3.1 INTRODUCTION 165
9.2.3.2 REACTION SYSTEMS 165
9.2.3.3 HYDRAULIC JACKS 167
9.2.3.4 EMBEDDED HYDRAULIC JACKS 168
9.2.3.5 PILE HEAD 169
9.2.4 INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING 170
9.2.4.1 DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENTS 170
9.2.4.2 LOAD MEASUREMENT AT THE PILE HEAD 171
9.2.4.3 PILE BASE RESISTANCE 171
9.2.4.3 PILE SHAFT RESISTANCE 172
9.2.4.5 SPECIAL INSTRUMENTATION FOR TESTS WITH EMBEDDED HYDRAULIC JACKS
.. 174
9.2.4.6 PILE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA AND DEFORMATION PROPERTIES 174
9.2.4.7 PROTECTION OF MONITORING INSTRUMENTS 174
9.2.5 TESTING PROCEDURE 175
9.2.5.1 LOAD STEPS AND LOADING RATES 175
9.2.5.2 MONITORING INTERVALS 177
9.2.5.3 RECORDS 178
9.2.6 EVALUATION 178
9.2.7 DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTS 181
9.2.7.1 INTRODUCTION 181
9.2.7.2 TEST REPORT 181
9.2.7.3 INTERPRETATIVE REPORT 182
9.3 STATIC LATERAL LOAD TEST 182
9.3.1 INTRODUCTION 182
9.3.2 INSTALLATION OF TEST PILES 183
9.3.3 TEST PLANNING 183
9.3.3.1 GENERAL NOTES 183
9.3.3.2 NUMBER OF TEST PILES 184
9.3.3.3 TEST LOAD 185
9.3.3.4 GROUND INVESTIGATIONS 185
9.3.3.5 PRINCIPLES FOR THE INSTRUMENTATION 185
9.3.3.6 LOAD SITUATIONS 185
9.3.4 LOADING SYSTEMS 186
9.3.5 INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING 187
9.3.5.1 DEFLECTION MEASUREMENT AT THE PILE HEAD 187
9.3.5.2 MONITORING OF THE DEFLECTION CURVE 189
9.3.5.3 LOAD MEASUREMENT AT THE PILE HEAD 189
9.3.5.4 PROTECTION OF MONITORING INSTRUMENTS 189
9.3.6 TESTING PROCEDURE 189
9.3.6.1 LOAD STEPS AND LOADING RATES 189
9.3.6.2 MONITORING INTERVALS 191
9.3.6.3 RECORDS 191
XVI
9.3.7 EVALUATION 192
9.3.8 DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTS 192
9.3.8.1 INTRODUCTION 192
9.3.8.2 TEST REPORT 192
9.3.8.2 INTERPRETATIVE REPORT 194
9.4 STATIC AXIAL LOAD TESTS ON MICROPILES (COMPOSITE PILES) 194
9.4.1 INSTALLATION OF TEST PILES 194
9.4.2 TEST PLANNING 195
9.4.2.1 GENERAL NOTES 195
9.4.2.2 NUMBER OF TEST PILES 196
9.4.2.3 TEST LOAD 196
9.4.2.4 PRINCIPLES FOR THE INSTRUMENTATION 197
9.4.2.5 SPECIAL LOADING SITUATIONS 197
9.4.3 LOADING SYSTEMS 198
9.4.3.1 REACTION SYSTEMS 198
9.4.3.2 HYDRAULIC JACKS 199
9.4.3.3 PILE HEAD 199
9.4.4 INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING 200
9.4.4.1 DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENT 200
9.4.4.2 LOAD MEASUREMENT AT THE PILE HEAD 200
9.4.4.3 PILE SHAFT RESISTANCE 200
9.4.4.4 PROTECTION OF MONITORING INSTRUMENTS 201
9.4.5 TESTING PROCEDURE 201
9.4.5.1 INTRODUCTION 201
9.4.5.2 LOAD STEPS AND LOADING RATES FOR SYSTEM A 201
9.4.5.3 LOAD STEPS FOR SYSTEM B 203
9.4.5.4 MONITORING INTERVALS 204
9.4.5.5 RECORDS 204
9.4.6 EVALUATION 205
9.4.7 DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTS 207
9.4.7.1 INTRODUCTION 207
9.4.7.2 TEST REPORT 207
9.4.7.3 INTERPRETATIVE REPORT 208
10 DYNAMIC PILE LOAD TESTS 209
10.1 INTRODUCTION 209
10.2 RANGE OF APPLICATION AND GENERAL CONDITIONS 209
10.3 THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES 210
10.4 DESCRIPTION OF TESTING METHODS, TEST PLANNING AND EXECUTION. .. 213
10.4.1 EVALUATION METHODS AND TYPE OF LOAD TESTING 213
10.4.2 NUMBER OF LOAD TESTS 214
10.4.3 GROUND INVESTIGATIONS AND PILE INSTALLATION DOCUMENTATION 214
10.4.4 TIME OF TESTING AND INTERNAL CAPACITY 214
10.4.5 DYNAMIC LOAD TESTING USING THE HIGH-STRAIN METHOD 215
XVII
10.4.5.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION 215
10.4.5.2 LOADING SYSTEM 215
10.4.5.3 INSTRUMENTATION 217
10.4.5.4 PERFORMING THE TEST 219
10.4.6 DYNAMIC LOAD TESTING USING THE RAPID LOAD METHOD 221
10.4.6.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION 221
10.4.6.2 TESTING TYPES AND TIMING 221
10.4.6.3 LOADING SYSTEM 222
10.4.6.4 INSTRUMENTATION 223
10.4.6.5 TESTING PROCEDURE 224
10.5 EVALUATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DYNAMIC LOAD TESTS 225
10.5.1 INTRODUCTION 225
10.5.2 DIRECT METHODS USING EMPIRICAL DAMPING VALUES 225
10.5.2.1 FUNDAMENTALS 225
10.5.2.2 CASE METHOD 226
10.5.2.3 TNO METHOD 227
10.5.3 DIRECT METHOD FOR EVALUATING A RAPID LOAD TEST USING
THE UNLOADING POINT METHOD 228
10.5.4 EXTENDED METHOD WITH COMPLETE MODELLING 229
10.6 CALIBRATING DYNAMIC PILE LOAD TESTS 231
10.7 QUALIFICATIONS OF TESTING INSTITUTES AND PERSONNEL 234
10.8 DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING 234
10.9 TESTING DRIVING RIG SUITABILITY 236
11 QUALITY ASSURANCE DURING PILE EXECUTION 239
11.1 INTRODUCTION 239
11.2 BORED PILES 239
11.2.1 PRINCIPLES 239
11.2.2 SUPPORT TO BOREHOLES 240
11.2.2.1 CASED BOREHOLES 240
11.2.2.2 EXCAVATIONS SUPPORTED BY FLUIDS 241
11.2.2.3 SOIL-SUPPORTED BORING WITH CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGERS 242
11.2.3 EXCAVATION 242
11.2.3.1 INTRODUCTION 242
11.2.3.2 BORING BELOW THE GROUNDWATER TABLE 242
11.2.3.3 DRILLING TOOL DIAMETER AND SPEED OF OPERATION 243
11.2.3.4 CLEANING THE BASE OF THE BOREHOLE 244
11.2.3.5 ENLARGED BASES 245
11.2.4 INSTALLATION OF REINFORCEMENT 245
11.2.5 CONCRETING 247
11.2.5.1 CONCRETE MIX 247
11.2.5.2 CONCRETING PROCEDURE 248
11.2.6 BORED PILES CONSTRUCTED WITH CONTINUOUS FLIGHT AUGERS 250
11.2.6.1 INTRODUCTION 250
XVIII
11.2.6.2 SOIL-SUPPORTED AUGER BORING 250
11.2.6.3 CASED FLIGHT AUGER BORING 251
11.2.6.4 CONCRETING AND INSTALLATION OF REINFORCEMENT 251
11.2.7 SHAFT AND BASE GROUTING 252
11.3 DISPLACEMENT PILES 253
11.3.1 PREFABRICATED CONCRETE PILES - GUIDANCE FOR TRANSPORT, STORAGE
AND INSTALLATION 253
11.3.2 CAST IN PLACE CONCRETE DISPLACEMENT PILES 254
11.3.2.1 WATER/SOIL INGRESS INTO THE DRIVE TUBE 254
11.3.2.2 CONCRETING 254
11.3.3 DISPLACEMENT EFFECT IN COHESIVE SOILS 254
11.4 GROUTED MICROPILES (COMPOSITE PILES) 255
11.4.1 INTRODUCTION 255
11.4.2 GROUTED MONOBAR PILES 255
11.4.3 TUBULAR GROUTED PILES 256
11.4.4 TESTING GROUTED MICROPILES 257
12 PILE INTEGRITY TESTING 259
12.1 PURPOSE AND PROCEDURES 259
12.2 LOW STRAIN INTEGRITY TESTS 260
12.2.1 LOW STRAIN INTEGRITY TEST PRINCIPLES 260
12.2.2 SCOPE, NUMBER OF TESTED PILES AND LIMITATIONS 261
12.2.3 PILE PREPARATION 262
12.2.4 TESTING PROCEDURE 262
12.2.5 MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION 263
12.2.6 EVALUATION OF MEASUREMENTS 263
12.2.7 IMPEDANCE AND WAVE VELOCITY 266
12.2.8 ASSESSMENT CLASSES 268
12.2.9 DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING 269
12.3 ULTRASONIC INTEGRITY TESTING 270
12.3.1 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE 270
12.3.2 ULTRASONIC INTEGRITY TESTING PRINCIPLES 270
12.3.3 MEASUREMENT 272
12.3.4 TEST PREPARATION AND TESTING PROCEDURE 274
12.3.4.1 TEST PILES 274
12.3.4.2 TESTING PROCEDURE 275
12.3.5 EVALUATION 275
12.3.5.1 QUALITATIVE SIGNAL EVALUATION 275
12.3.5.2 QUANTITATIVE SIGNAL ANALYSIS 277
12.3.5.3 PILE EVALUATION 278
12.3.6 DOCUMENTATION AND REPORT 278
12.3.7 SPECIAL SITUATIONS: TESTING SECANT PILE WALLS AND DIAPHRAGM
WALLS. 279
12.4 TESTING PILES BY CORE DRILLING 279
12.4.1 INTRODUCTION 279
XIX
12.4.2 CORING 280
12.4.3 ANALYSIS 280
12.4.3.1 INTRODUCTION 280
12.4.3.2 VISUAL EVALUATION 281
12.4.4 CONCRETE STRENGTH AND DURABILITY 281
12.4.5 DOWNHOLE TESTS 282
12.5 OTHER SPECIFIC TESTING METHODS 282
12.5.1 INTRODUCTION 282
12.5.2 RADIOMETRIC PILE TESTS 282
12.5.3 MULTI-CHANNEL LOW STRAIN TESTING 282
12.5.4 PARALLEL SEISMIC METHOD 283
12.5.5 INDUCTION AND MISE-A-LA-MASSE METHODS 284
12.5.6 OTHER BOREHOLE-BASED METHODS 284
13 BEARING CAPACITY AND ANALYSES OF PILES UNDER CYCLIC,
DYNAMIC AND IMPACT ACTIONS 285
13.1 INTRODUCTION 285
13.2 CYCLIC, DYNAMIC AND IMPACT ACTIONS 286
13.2.1 ACTION AND LOADING TYPES 286
13.2.2 ACTIONS FROM CYCLIC LOADS 287
13.2.3 ACTIONS FROM DYNAMIC LOADS 290
13.2.4 ACTIONS FROM IMPACT LOADS 291
13.3 SUPPLEMENTARY GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS 292
13.4 BEARING BEHAVIOUR AND RESISTANCES UNDER CYCLIC LOADS 294
13.4.1 INTRODUCTION 294
13.4.2 AXIAL LOADS 294
13.4.3 LATERAL LOADS 297
13.5 BEARING BEHAVIOUR AND RESISTANCES UNDER DYNAMIC LOADS 299
13.6 BEARING BEHAVIOUR AND RESISTANCES UNDER IMPACT LOADS 300
13.6.1 INTRODUCTION 300
13.6.2 AXIAL LOADS 300
13.6.3 LATERAL LOADS 300
13.7 STABILITY ANALYSES OF CYCLIC, AXIALLY LOADED PILES 301
13.7.1 ANALYSIS OF THE BEARING CAPACITY OF AN ISOLATED PILE 301
13.7.2 ANALYSIS OF THE SERVICEABILITY OF A SINGLE PILE 304
13.8 STABILITY ANALYSES OF CYCLICAL, LATERALLY LOADED PILES 304
13.8.1 ANALYSIS OF THE BEARING CAPACITY OF A SINGLE PILE 304
13.8.2 ANALYSIS OF THE SERVICEABILITY OF A SINGLE PILE 305
13.9 STABILITY ANALYSES OF DYNAMIC OR IMPACT-LOADED PILES 306
ANNEX A TERMS, PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS AND PRINCIPLES FOR ANALYSIS... 307
A1 DEFINITIONS AND NOTATIONS 307
A2 PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS Y
F
AND ~F -
FOR ACTIONS AND EFFECTS
FROM EC 7-1 HANDBOOK [44], TABLE A 2.1 312
XX
A3 PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS FOR GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS
AND RESISTANCES FROM EC 7-1 HANDBOOK [44],
TABLES A 2.2 AND A 2.3 314
A3.1 PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS Y
M
FOR GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS 314
A3.2 PARTIAL SAFETY FACTORS Y
R
FOR RESISTANCES 315
A4 CORRELATION FACTORS FOR DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC PILE
RESISTANCES FOR THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE ACQUIRED FROM TESTED
OR MEASURED DATA OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC PILE TESTS ACC.
TO THE EC 7-1 HANDBOOK 316
A4.1 CORRELATION FACTORS FROM STATIC PILE TESTS 316
A4.1 CORRELATION FACTORS FROM DYNAMIC PILE TESTS 317
A5 PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE RESISTANCE
OF PILES AGAINST BUCKLING FAILURE IN SOIL STRATA
WITH LOW LATERAL SUPPORT (INFORMATIVE) 320
A5.1 GUIDANCE NOTES 320
A5.2 GROUND SUPPORT 320
A5.3 STATIC SYSTEM AND EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS USING
SECOND-ORDER THEORY (INCLUSION OF LATERAL DEFLECTIONS) 322
A5.4 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE ANALYSIS METHOD 324
A5.5 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC RESISTANCE AGAINST PILE BUCKLING . .
325
A6 BONDING STRESS IN GROUTED DISPLACEMENT PILES (INFORMATIVE).... 328
A6.1 GUIDANCE NOTES 328
A6.2 CHARACTERISTIC AND DESIGN VALUES OF BONDING STRESSES 328
ANNEX B EXAMPLE CALCULATIONS FOR PILE RESISTANCE ANALYSIS
AND VERIFICATIONS 331
B1 DETERMINING THE AXIAL PILE RESISTANCES
FROM STATIC PILE LOAD TESTS, AND ULTIMATE
AND SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE ANALYSES 331
BL.L OBJECTIVES 331
B1.2 DERIVING THE CHARACTERISTIC PILE RESISTANCES IN THE ULTIMATE
AND SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATES 332
B1.3 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS 334
B1.4 SERVICEABILITY ANALYSIS 334
B2 CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCES
FROM DYNAMIC LOAD TESTS 336
B2.1 OBJECTIVE 336
B2.2 CHARACTERISTIC PILE RESISTANCES 336
B3 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCES
FROM EMPIRICAL DATA FOR A BORED PILE 338
B3.1 OBJECTIVE 338
B3.2 ANALYSIS FOR LOWER AND UPPER TABLE VALUES 338
B3.2.1 DETERMINING THE PILE SHAFT RESISTANCE R
S K
339
B3.2.2 DETERMINING THE PILE BASE RESISTANCE R^K- 339
XXI
B3.2.3 CHARACTERISTIC RESISTANCE-SETTLEMENT CURVE 340
B4 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCES
FROM EMPIRICAL DATA FOR A PREFABRICATED DRIVEN PILE 341
B4.1 OBJECTIVE 341
B4.2 CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCE FROM EMPIRICAL DATA
FOR LOWER AND UPPER TABLE VALUES 341
B4.2.1 DETERMINING THE PILE SHAFT RESISTANCE R
S K
342
B4.2.2 DETERMINING THE PILE BASE RESISTANCE R
BK
342
B4.2.3 CHARACTERISTIC RESISTANCE-SETTLEMENT CURVE 343
B5 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCES
FROM EMPIRICAL DATA FOR A FUNDEX PILE 345
B5.1 OBJECTIVE 345
B5.2 CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCE FROM EMPIRICAL LOWER
AND UPPER TABLE VALUES 345
B5.2.1 DETERMINING THE PILE SHAFT RESISTANCE R
S K
345
B5.2.2 DETERMINING THE PILE BASE RESISTANCE R
B K
346
B5.2.3 CHARACTERISTIC RESISTANCE-SETTLEMENT CURVE 346
B6 PRINCIPLE OF THE EVALUATION OF A STATIC PILE LOAD TEST USING
A PREFABRICATED DRIVEN PILE SHOWN ON AN EXAMPLE
AND COMPARISON WITH EMPIRICAL DATA AFTER 5.4.4.2 348
B6.1 OBJECTIVE 348
B6.2 CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCE FROM EMPIRICAL LOWER
AND UPPER TABLE VALUES 349
B6.2.I DETERMINING THE PILE SHAFT RESISTANCE R
S K
349
B6.2.2 DETERMINING THE PILE BASE RESISTANCE R
BK
350
B6.2.3 CHARACTERISTIC RESISTANCE-SETTLEMENT CURVE
FOR EMPIRICAL DATA COMPARED TO TESTED OR MEASURED VALUES 350
B6.3 CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCE FROM STATIC LOAD TESTS 351
B6.4 DESIGN VALUES OF PILE RESISTANCES IN THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE 352
B7 PRELIMINARY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE
OF FRANKI PILES BASED ON EMPIRICAL DATA AND COMPARISON
TO A PILE LOAD TEST RESULT 354
B7.1 OBJECTIVE 354
B7.2 DETERMINING THE BASE VOLUME FROM EMPIRICAL DATA 355
B7.2.1 DETERMINING THE PILE SHAFT RESISTANCE R
SK
355
B7.2.2 DETERMINING THE PILE BASE VOLUME OF A FRANKI PILE 356
B7.3 ANALYSIS OF THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE (ULS, GEO-2) BY MEANS
OF THE DRIVING ENERGY EXPENDED DURING PILE INSTALLATION 356
B7.3.1 CHARACTERISTIC PILE RESISTANCE R
C
.
K
AFTER APPLYING
THE LOWER EMPIRICAL VALUES 356
B7.3.2 CHARACTERISTIC PILE RESISTANCE R
C K
AFTER APPLYING
THE UPPER EMPIRICAL VALUES 357
B7.3.3 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE ANALYSIS 358
B7.4 COMPARISON OF THE AXIAL PILE RESISTANCE BASED
ON EMPIRICAL DATA WITH STATIC LOAD TESTS 358
XXII
B7.4.1 CHARACTERISTIC AXIAL PILE RESISTANCE FROM EMPIRICAL DATA 358
B7.4.2 COMPARING TO THE STATIC LOAD TEST 359
B8 NEGATIVE SKIN FRICTION FOR A DISPLACEMENT PILE
AS A RESULT OF FILL 360
B8.1 OBJECTIVE 360
B8.2 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC RESISTANCE-SETTLEMENT CURVE 361
B8.3 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC ACTIONS F
N K
FROM NEGATIVE SKIN FRICTION 362
B8.4 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS 364
B8.5 SERVICEABILITY ANALYSIS 364
B8.6 ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL CAPACITY (STRUCTURAL FAILURE) 365
B9 DETERMINING THE EFFECT ON A LATERALLY LOADED PILE
(PERPENDICULAR TO THE PILE AXIS) AND ANALYSIS
OF STRUCTURAL FAILURE 366
B9.1 OBJECTIVE 366
B9.2 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC ACTION EFFECTS AND STRESSES 367
B9.3 DESIGN VALUES OF THE ACTION EFFECTS 370
B9.4 MINIMUM STRENGTH CLASS OF CONCRETE AND CONCRETE COVER 371
B9.5 DESIGN VALUES OF MATERIALS 372
B9.6 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE DESIGN 372
B9.6.I DESIGN FOR BENDING AND NORMAL FORCE 372
B9.6.2 DESIGN FOR SHEAR FORCE TO DIN 1045-1 373
B9.6.3 DESIGN FOR SHEAR FORCE AFTER [5] 377
B9.6.4 MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT FOR SHEAR FORCE TO DIN 1045-1 378
B10 LATERALLY LOADED PILES 380
BIO. 1 OBJECTIVE AND SYSTEMS 380
B10.2 DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTIC ACTIONS AND EFFECTS 381
B11 PILLAR FOUNDATION ON 9 PILES - ULTIMATE AND SERVICEABILITY
LIMIT STATE ANALYSES TAKING THE GROUP EFFECT
INTO CONSIDERATION 383
BLL.L OBJECTIVE AND SYSTEM 383
B12 TENSION PILE GROUP ANALYSES IN THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE 389
B12.1 OBJECTIVE 389
B12.2 ISOLATED PILE ANALYSIS 389
B12.3 ANALYSIS OF THE PILE GROUP EFFECT (ATTACHED SOIL MONOLITH) 390
B13 LATERALLY LOADED PILE GROUPS: DETERMINING THE DISTRIBUTION
OF HORIZONTAL SUBGRADE MODULI 392
ANNEX C EXAMPLES OF DYNAMIC PILE LOAD TESTING
AND INTEGRITY TESTING 395
C 1 DYNAMIC PILE LOAD TEST EVALUATION:
EXAMPLE USING THE DIRECT METHOD 395
C 1.1 OBJECTIVES AND TEST DATA 395
C 1.2 CASE METHOD 396
XXIII
CI.3 TNO METHOD 396
C2 DYNAMIC PILE LOAD TEST EVALUATION EXAMPLE USING
THE EXTENDED METHOD WITH COMPLETE MODELLING 397
C2.1 OBJECTIVES AND TEST DATA 397
C3 RAPID LOAD TESTS EVALUATION EXAMPLE USING
THE UNLOADING POINT METHOD 401
C4 LOW STRAIN INTEGRITY TEST CASE STUDIES 404
C4.1 EXAMPLE: PILE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SPECIFICATION - CLASS A1 404
C4.2 EXAMPLE: PILE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SPECIFICATION - CLASS A2 404
C4.3 EXAMPLE: PILE WITH MINOR DEVIATIONS - CLASS A3 405
C4.4 EXAMPLE: PILE WITH SUBSTANTIAL IMPEDANCE REDUCTION - CLASS B ...
406
C4.5 EXAMPLE: MEASUREMENT CAN NOT BE-EVALUATED - CLASS 0 407
C5 INTEGRITY TESTS DURING DRIVING AND/OR
HIGH STRAIN INTEGRITY TESTS 408
C5.1 INTRODUCTION 408
C5.2 EXAMPLE: PILE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPECIFICATION 409
C5.3 EXAMPLE: DEFECTIVE PILE 409
C5.4 EXAMPLE: COUPLED PILE 410
C6 EXAMPLE: ULTRASONIC INTEGRITY TESTING 411
ANNEX D ANALYSIS METHODS AND EXAMPLES FOR CYCLICALLY LOADED PILES
(INFORMATIVE) 417
D1 GUIDANCE NOTES 417
D2 PILES SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC AXIAL LOADS 418
D2.1 ANALYSIS METHODS 418
D2.1.1 PILE RESISTANCE IN THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE BASED ON INTERACTION
DIAGRAMS 418
D2.1.2 DISPLACEMENT ACCUMULATION USING AN EMPIRICAL APPROACH 420
D2.1.3 APPROXIMATION METHODS FOR CALCULATING PILE BEARING
BEHAVIOUR UNDER CYCLIC LOADS AFTER [66] 420
D2.1.4 APPROXIMATION METHOD FOR ANALYSING PILE BEARING
BEHAVIOUR UNDER CYCLIC LOADS AFTER [ 142] 423
D2.2 CALCULATION EXAMPLES 428
D2.2.1 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE ANALYSIS BASED ON INTERACTION DIAGRAMS
AFTER D2.1.1 428
D2.2.2 SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE ANALYSIS WITH AN EMPIRICAL
DISPLACEMENT APPROACH AFTER D2.1.2 429
D2.2.3 CALCULATION EXAMPLE FOR THE ULTIMATE AND THE SERVICEABILITY LIMIT
STATES USING THE METHOD AFTER D.2.1.3 430
D2.2.4 CALCULATION EXAMPLE FOR THE ULTIMATE AND THE SERVICEABILITY LIMIT
STATES USING THE METHOD AFTER D.2.1.4 435
D3 PILES SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC LATERAL LOADS 440
D3.1 CALCULATION METHODS 440
D3.1.1 EMPIRICAL METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE ACCUMULATED DEFLECTIONS ...
440
XXIV
D3.1.2 CALCULATION APPROACHES FOR ESTIMATING DEFLECTION ACCUMULATION
TAKING TO CONSIDERATION NON-LINEAR SOIL BEHAVIOUR 441
D3.1.3 CALCULATION APPROACH WITH SUBGRADE REACTION REDUCTION USING
THE P-Y METHOD 441
D3.2 EXAMPLES 443
D3.2.1 ESTIMATING DEFLECTION ACCUMULATION AFTER D3.1.1 443
D3.2.2 ESTIMATING DEFLECTION ACCUMULATION AFTER D3.1.2 445
D3.2.3 SUBGRADE DEGRADATION ADOPTING THE P-Y METHOD AFTER D3.1.3 ....
450
D4 PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING AN EQUIVALENT SINGLE-STAGE
LOAD SPECTRUM 454
D4.1 CALCULATION METHOD 454
D4.1.1 METHOD FOR DETERMINING AN EQUIVALENT LOAD CYCLE NUMBER
FOR PILES SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC AXIAL LOADS 454
D4.1.2 METHOD FOR DETERMINING AN EQUIVALENT LOAD CYCLE NUMBER
FOR PILES SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC LATERAL LOADS 454
D4.2 CALCULATION EXAMPLES 456
D4.2.1 DETERMINING AN EQUIVALENT LOAD CYCLE NUMBER
FOR PILES SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC AXIAL LOADS AFTER D4.1 456
D4.2.2 DETERMINING AN EQUIVALENT LOAD CYCLE NUMBER
FOR PILES SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC LATERAL LOADS AFTER D4.1 457
LITERATUR 459
LIST OF ADVERTISERS 469
XXV
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040425370 |
| classification_rvk | ZI 6150 |
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| dewey-ones | 624 - Civil engineering |
| dewey-raw | 624.1540943 |
| dewey-search | 624.1540943 |
| dewey-sort | 3624.1540943 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Bauingenieurwesen |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4137814-3 Richtlinie gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Richtlinie |
| geographic | Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Deutschland |
| id | DE-604.BV040425370 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:23:47Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783433030189 9783433604113 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025277986 |
| oclc_num | 815900040 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
| owner_facet | DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
| physical | XXV, 469 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Ernst |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) ed. by German Geotechnical Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e.V.) Berlin Ernst 2014 XXV, 469 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Pfahlgründung (DE-588)4173981-4 gnd rswk-swf Pfahl (DE-588)4173980-2 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4137814-3 Richtlinie gnd-content Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Pfahl (DE-588)4173980-2 s Pfahlgründung (DE-588)4173981-4 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-3-433-60413-7 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, MOBI 978-3-433-60412-0 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-3-433-60414-4 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025277986&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) Pfahlgründung (DE-588)4173981-4 gnd Pfahl (DE-588)4173980-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4173981-4 (DE-588)4173980-2 (DE-588)4011882-4 (DE-588)4137814-3 |
| title | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) |
| title_auth | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) |
| title_exact_search | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) |
| title_full | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) ed. by German Geotechnical Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e.V.) |
| title_fullStr | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) ed. by German Geotechnical Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e.V.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) ed. by German Geotechnical Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e.V.) |
| title_short | Recommendations on piling (EA-Pfähle) |
| title_sort | recommendations on piling ea pfahle |
| topic | Pfahlgründung (DE-588)4173981-4 gnd Pfahl (DE-588)4173980-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Pfahlgründung Pfahl Deutschland Richtlinie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025277986&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |