Learning theories: an educational perspective
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Boston, Mass. [u.a.]
Pearson
2012
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Ausgabe: | 6. ed., international ed. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XII, 561 S. graph. Darst. 24 cm |
ISBN: | 9780132611367 0132611368 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804149455319990272 |
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adam_text | Titel: Learning theories
Autor: Schunk, Dale H
Jahr: 2012
Brief Contents
1 Introduction to the Study of Learning 1
2 Neuroscience of Learning 29
3 Behaviorism 71
4 Social Cognitive Theory 1 1 7
5 Information Processing Theory 1 63
6 Constructivism 228
7 Cognitive Learning Processes 278
8 Motivation 345
9 Self-Regulation 399
10 Development 444
Glossary 489
References 501
Author Index 539
Subject Index 550
Contents
11.1.. . J n i r Three Learning Scenarios 25
ntroduction to the Study of Kathy Stone,s Third_grade class 25
Learning 1 jim Marshall s U.S. History Class 26
Gina Brown s Educational Psychology
Learning Defined 3 Class 26
Precursors of Modern Learning Summary 27
Theories 4 . ., «
, ,., , Further Reading 28
Learning Theory and Philosophy 5
Beginnings of the Psychological Study of
Structuralism and Functionalism 8 ^ NeurOSCience Or
Learning Theory and Learnin9 29
Research 10 Organization and Structures 31
Functions of Theory 10 Neural Organization 32
Conducting Research 11 Brain Structures 33
Assessment of Learning 14 Localization and Interconnections 37
Direct Observations 14 Brain Research Methods 39
Written Responses 15 Neurophysiology of Learning 43
Oral Responses 16 Information Processing System 43
Ratings by Others 16 Memory Networks 46
Self-reports 18 Language Learning 49
Relation of Learning and Brain Development 50
Instruction 18
Influential Factors 50
Historical Perspective 18 Phases of Development 51
Instructional Commonalities 19 Critical Periods 52
Integration of Theory and Practice 20 Language Development 55
Critical Issues for Learning Motivation and Emotions 58
Theories 21 Motivation 58
How Does Learning Occur? 22 Emotions 60
What is the Role of Memory? 23
What is the Role of Motivation? 23
How Does Transfer Occur? 24
Which Processes are Involved in
Self-regulation? 24
What are the Implications for Summary 67
Instruction? 25 Further Reading 70
Instructional Applications 62
Relevance of Brain Research 62
Educational Issues 63
Brain-based Educational Practices 64
Contents
3. 71 Modeling Processes 123
BehaViOriSm /I Theories of Imitation 123
Connectionism 73
Trial-and-error Learning 73
Classical Conditioning 78
Basic Processes 89
Instructional Applications 102
4 Social Cognitive
Theories of Imitation 123
Functions of Modeling 125
Cognitive Skill Learning 129
CT, . ,. ,,, Motor Skill Learning 131
Laws of Exercise and Effect 74 °
Other Principles 75 Influences on Learning and
Revisions to Thorndike s Theory 75 Performance 133
Thorndike and Education 76 Developmental Status of Learners 133
Model Prestige and Competence 134
. nr. Vicarious Consequences to
Basic Processes 79 ^
Informational Variables 81
Biological Influences 81 Motivational Processes 138
Conditioned Emotional Reactions 82 Goals 138
Outcome Expectations 143
Values 145
Contiguous Conditioning 84
Acts and Movements 84
Associative Strength 84 Self-Efficacy 146
Rewards and Punishments 85 Conceptual Overview 146
Habit Formation and Change 85 Self-efficacy in Achievement
Operant Conditioning 88 Situations 147
Conceptual Framework 89 Models and Self-efficacy 149
Motor Skills 152
Behavioral Change 98 Instructional Self-efficacy 153
Behavior Modification 100 Health and Therapeutic Activities 154
Self-regulation 102 Instructional Applications 156
Models 157
Behavioral Objectives 103 Self-efficacy 157
Learning Time 105 Worked Examples 158
Mastery Learning 107 Tutoring and Mentoring 158
Programmed Instruction 109 Summary 159
Contingency Contracts 112 Further Reading 162
Summary 114
Further Reading 116
5 Information Processing
Theory 163
Theorv 1 1 7 Information Processing System 165
Assumptions 165
Conceptual Framework for Two-store (dual) Memory Model 165
Learning 119 Alternatives to the Two-store Model 168
Reciprocal Interactions 119 Attention 171
Enactive and Vicarious Learning 119 Theories of Attention 171
Learning and Performance 122 Attention and Learning 172
Self-regulation 122 Attention and Reading 174
Contents vii
Perception 175 Vygotsky s Sociocultural Theory 240
Gestalt Theory 175 Background 241
Sensory Registers 178 Basic Principles 242
LTM Comparisons 179 Zone of Proximal Development 243
Two-Store Memory Model 180 Applications 245
Verbal Learning 181 Critique 247
Short-term (working) Memory 183 Private Speech and Socially Mediated
Long-term Memory 184 Learning 248
Influences on Encoding 187 Private Speech 248
Long-Term Memory: Storage 191 Verbalization and Achievement 249
Propositions 191 Socially Mediated Learning 251
Storage of Knowledge 191 Self-regulation 252
Production Systems and Connectionist Motivation 254
Models 196 Contextual Factors 254
Long-Term Memory: Retrieval and Implicit Theories 256
Forgetting 200 Teachers Expectations 258
Retrieval 200 Constructivist Learning
Language Comprehension 204 Environments 26l
Forgetting 209 Key Features 261
Mental Imagery 213 ^^ Learner-Centered Principles 263
Representation of Spatial Infomiation 213 Instructional Applications 265
Imagery in LTM 216 Discovery Learning 266
Individual Differences 217 Inquiry Teaching 268
Instructional Applications 217 Peer-assisted Learning 269
Advance Organizers 218 Discussions and Debates 271
Conditions of Learning 219 Reflective Teaching 271
Cognitive Load 223 Summary 274
Summary 224 Further Reading 276
Further Reading 227
/ Cognitive Learning
6 Constructivism 228 Processes 278
Constructivism: Assumptions and Skill Acquisition 280
Perspectives 230 General and Specific Skills 280
Overview 230 Novice-to-expert Research
Perspectives 232 Methodology 281
Situated Cognition 233 Expert-novice Differences in
Contributions and Applications 234 Science 283
Piaget s Theory of Cognitive Conditional Knowledge and
Development 236 Metacognition 284
Developmental Processes 236 Conditional Knowledge 285
Implications for Instruction 239 Metacognition and Learning 286
Contents
Variables Influencing Cognitive Consistency Theory 349
Metacognition 288 Humanistic Theory 351
Metacognition and Behavior 289 Model of Motivated Learning 356
Metacognition and Reading 290 Pretask 357
Concept Learning 292 During Task 357
The Nature of Concepts 292 Posttask 358
Concept Attainment 294 Achievement Motivation 358
Teaching of Concepts 295 Expectancy-value Theory 359
Motivational Processes 298 Familial Influences 361
Problem Solving 299 Contemporary Model of Achievement
Historical Influences 299 Motivation 362
Heuristics 302 Self-worth Theory 364
Problem-Solving Strategies 304 Task and Ego Involvement 366
Problem Solving and Learning 309
Technology and Instruction 324
Mathematics 337
Attribution Theory 366
Experts and Novices 310 T , . , ,_
r Locus of Control 367
° . Naive Analysis of Action 367
Implications for Instruction 315 ., . -, c
r Attribution Theory of
Transfer 317 Achievement 368
Social Cognitive Theory 371
Goals and Expectations 372
Historical Views 317
Activation of Knowledge in
Memory 318
Types of Transfer 319 Social Comparison 372
Strategy Transfer 321 Goal Theory 374
Teaching for Transfer 322 Goal Orientations 376
Conceptions of Ability 379
Computer-based Learning Perceived Control 380
Environments 325 Control Beliefs 380
Distance Learning 328 Learned Helplessness 381
Future Directions 330 Students with Learning Problems 382
Instructional Applications 332 Self-Concept 383
Worked Examples 332 Dimensions and Development 383
Writing 334 Self-concept and Learning 385
Intrinsic motivation 386
Summary 342 Theoretical Perspectives 386
Further Reading 344 Over-justification and Reward 389
Instructional Applications 392
8. . . Achievement Motivation Training 392
Motivation 345 Attribution Change Programs 393
.« * _! ¦ n _^«_ , z_ Goal Orientations 395
Historical Perspectives 347
Drive Theory 347 Summary 397
Conditioning Theory 348 Further Reading 398
9 Self-Regulation 399
Contents ix
Perspectives on Development 449
Issues Relevant to Learning 450
Behavioral Theory 401 Types of Developmental Theories 452
Self-monitoring 401 Structural Theories 455
Self-instruction 404 Bruner s Theory of Cognitive
Self-reinforcement 405 Growth 457
Social Cognitive Theory 405 Knowledge Representation 457
Conceptual Framework 405 Spiral Curriculum 458
Social Cognitive Processes 407 Contemporary Developmental
Cyclical Nature of Self-regulation 411 Themes 460
Social and Self Influences 414 Developmental Changes 460
Information Processing Theory 415 Developmental^ Appropriate
Model of Self-regulation 415 Instruction 461
Learning Strategies 417 Transitions in Schooling 463
Constructivist Theory 427 Family Influences 465
Sociocultural Influences 428 Socioeconomic Status 465
Implicit Theories 430
Motivation and Self-Regulation 431
Volition 432
Values 434
Home Environment 468
Parental Involvement 469
Electronic Media 472
Motivation and Development 474
Self-schemas 434 Developmental Changes 475
Help Seeking 435 Implications 476
Instructional Applications 436 Instructional Applications 477
Academic Studying 436 Learning Styles 478
Writine 4^6 Case s Instructional Model 482
Mathematics 439 Teacher-student Interactions 483
Summary 44l Summary 486
Further Reading 443 Further Reading 487
10 Development 444
Glossary 489
References 501
Author Index 539
Beginnings of the Scientific Study of
Development 446
Historical Foundations 446
Philosophical Foundations 446
The Child Study Movement 447 Subject Index 550
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physical | XII, 561 S. graph. Darst. 24 cm |
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spelling | Schunk, Dale H. Verfasser (DE-588)1054410399 aut Learning theories an educational perspective Dale H. Schunk 6. ed., international ed. Boston, Mass. [u.a.] Pearson 2012 XII, 561 S. graph. Darst. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Lernpsychologie (DE-588)4074166-7 gnd rswk-swf Pädagogik (DE-588)4044302-4 gnd rswk-swf Lerntheorie (DE-588)4114402-8 gnd rswk-swf Pädagogische Psychologie (DE-588)4044321-8 gnd rswk-swf Learning Learning, Psychology of Lernpsychologie (DE-588)4074166-7 s DE-604 Lerntheorie (DE-588)4114402-8 s Pädagogik (DE-588)4044302-4 s 1\p DE-604 Pädagogische Psychologie (DE-588)4044321-8 s 2\p DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025257488&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
spellingShingle | Schunk, Dale H. Learning theories an educational perspective Lernpsychologie (DE-588)4074166-7 gnd Pädagogik (DE-588)4044302-4 gnd Lerntheorie (DE-588)4114402-8 gnd Pädagogische Psychologie (DE-588)4044321-8 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4074166-7 (DE-588)4044302-4 (DE-588)4114402-8 (DE-588)4044321-8 |
title | Learning theories an educational perspective |
title_auth | Learning theories an educational perspective |
title_exact_search | Learning theories an educational perspective |
title_full | Learning theories an educational perspective Dale H. Schunk |
title_fullStr | Learning theories an educational perspective Dale H. Schunk |
title_full_unstemmed | Learning theories an educational perspective Dale H. Schunk |
title_short | Learning theories |
title_sort | learning theories an educational perspective |
title_sub | an educational perspective |
topic | Lernpsychologie (DE-588)4074166-7 gnd Pädagogik (DE-588)4044302-4 gnd Lerntheorie (DE-588)4114402-8 gnd Pädagogische Psychologie (DE-588)4044321-8 gnd |
topic_facet | Lernpsychologie Pädagogik Lerntheorie Pädagogische Psychologie |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025257488&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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