Paths to dark energy: theory and observation
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
De Gruyter
2012
|
| Schriftenreihe: | De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics
2 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 403 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783110258547 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Paths to dark energy |b theory and observation |c Gene Byrd ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b De Gruyter |c 2012 | |
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| 490 | 1 | |a De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics |v 2 | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Dark energy (Astronomy) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dark matter (Astronomy) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cosmology | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804149371187494912 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE V
1 THE START OF THE PATHS 1
1.1 NEWTON S ABSOLUTE SPACE AND TIME 1
1.2 LIGHT VERSUS ABSOLUTE SPACE AND TIME 2
1.3 SPACE-TIME EVENTS AND INTERVALS 4
1.4 SPACE-TIME MEASUREMENTS AND LORENTZ TRANSFORMATIONS 6
1.5 THE MINKOWSKI DIAGRAM 8
2 GENERAL RELATIVITY: APPARENT ACCELERATION OF GRAVITY 15
2.1 GRAVITATION AS AN APPARENT FORCE 15
2.2 PRINCIPLE O F EQUIVALENCE 16
2.3 LAGRANGIANS AND MOTION O F BODIES 17
2.4 INTEGRALS O F MOTION 18
3 TESTS OF GENERAL RELATIVITY 20
3.1 THE SCHWARZSCHILD METRIC AND THE GRAVITATIONAL REDSHIFT 20
3.2 ORBITS IN GENERAL RELATIVITY 24
3.2 DEFLECTION O F LIGHT 30
4 CURVED SPACE IN COSMOLOGY 36
4.1 NON-EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRIES 36
4.2 CURVATURE O F 3-SPACE 39
5 FINITE VERSUS INFINITE UNIVERSE IN SPACE AND TIME 49
5.1 OBSERVATION O F AN ISOTROPIC UNIVERSE 49
5.2 A FINITE UNIVERSE IN TIME 49
5.3 THE AGE O F THE UNIVERSE VIA ITS OLDEST OBJECTS 50
5.4 OBSERVATIONAL DISCOVERY O F THE EXPANDING UNIVERSE 54
5.5 PROBLEMS WITH THE HUBBLE CONSTANT AND THE AGE O F THE UNIVERSE. . .
. 62
6 COSMOLOGY AND THE FIRST APPEARANCE OF DARK ENERGY 66
6.1 A FIRST FORMULATION O F DARK ENERGY: EINSTEIN S FINITE STATIC
UNIVERSE. . 66 6.2 COSMOLOGICAL REDSHIFT AND FRIEDMANN S EVOLVING
UNIVERSES 68
6.3 THE HUBBLE CONSTANT IN THE FRIEDMANN STANDARD MODEL 71
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1018440852
IMAGE 2
X
CONTENTS
7 EINSTEIN S EQUATIONS, CRITICAL DENSITY AND DARK ENERGY 77
7.1 INTRODUCTION 77
7.2 THE PATH TO EINSTEIN EQUATIONS WITH THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT . . .
. 77 7.3 INTERPRETATIONS O F THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT 85
8 MODEL UNIVERSES 88
8.1 FRIEDMANN EQUATION 88
8.2 THE EINSTEIN-DE SITTER UNIVERSE (CRITICAL DENSITY FRIEDMANN CASE
WITH NO DARK ENERGY) 90
8.3 THE DE SITTER UNIVERSE (INTRODUCTION DARK ENERGY WITH NO MATTER). .
. 93 8.4 THE CONCORDANCE MODEL (BOTH MATTER AND DARK ENERGY SO K = 0) .
. 93 8.5 TESTING VIA THE SMALL SCALE NEWTONIAN LIMIT 97
8.6 NEWTONIAN COSMOLOGY AND THE K PARAMETER 100
9 DARK ENERGY DISCOVERED 103
9.1 THE ERA O F ZERO-LAMBDA MODELS 103
9.2 COSMOLOGICAL ANGULAR-DIAMETER DISTANCE ESTIMATES 104
9.3 COSMOLOGICAL STANDARD CANDLE DISTANCE ESTIMATES 108
9.4 MORE LUMINOUS STANDARD CANDLES 109
9.5 OBSERVATIONAL DISCOVERY O F DARK ENERGY 112
9.6 TYPE L A SUPERNOVAE REDSHIFTS AND DISTANCES VS UNIFORM EXPANSION . .
114 9.7 COULD IT BE SOME PROBLEM WITH THE STANDARD CANDLE METHOD? 118
9.8 MODIFIED GRAVITY THEORIES 120
10 RELICS: COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND (CMB) PHOTONS AND NEUTRINOS 123
10.1 THE PREDICTION AND DISCOVERY O F THE CMB 123
10.2 THE BIG BANG COMPONENTS 124
10.3 THE EARLY RADIATION-DOMINATED UNIVERSE 127
10.4 PROPERTIES O F COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION 130
10.5 WHY A CMB THERMAL SPECTRUM? 134
10.6 RELIC NEUTRINOS AND Q 145
11 BARYONIC MATTER 148
11.1 WHY MATTER AND NOT ALSO ANTI-MATTER? 148
11.2 BIG BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS PREDICTION AND PROCESSES 151
11.3 BARYON NUCLEOSYNTHESIS ABUNDANCES AND COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS 153
11.4 THE BARYON CONTENT O F COSMIC SYSTEMS 155
11.5 THE LYMAN ALPHA FOREST 156
12 DISCOVERING DARK MATTER 161
12.1 DARK MATTER IN THE MILKY WAY DISK NEAR THE SUN 161
12.2 DARK MATTER DISCOVERY IN CLUSTERS VIA THE VIRIAL THEOREM 164
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS XI
12.3 SUBCLUSTERS IN RICH CLUSTERS O F GALAXIES 169
12.4 DARK MATTER DISCOVERY IN CLUSTERS VIA THE CLUSTER GAS 171
12.5 DARK MATTER IN THE MILKY WAY DISK AND ITS HALO 175
12.6 DARK MATTER DISCOVERY INSIDE DISK GALAXIES VIA ROTATION CURVES . .
. 180 12.7 DARK MATTER DISCOVERY IN THE LOCAL GROUP 182
12.8 DARK MATTER IN BINARY GALAXY SYSTEMS 185
12.9 DARK MATTER DISCOVERY VIA GRAVITATIONAL LENSING 188
12.10 DARK MATTER IN DIFFERENT SCALES 202
12.11 THE IMPORTANCE AND NATURE O F DARK MATTER VERSUS BARYONIC MATTER
204
13 DARK MATTER AND BARYONIC STRUCTURES 206
13.1 NEWTON S CONCEPT O F GRAVITATIONAL INSTABILITY 206
13.2 BASIC HYDRODYNAMICS 207
13.3 JEANS CRITERION 210
13.4 JEANS CRITERION FOR COLLISIONLESS DARK MATTER GAS 215
13.5 JEANS CRITERION IN THE EXPANDING UNIVERSE 220
13.6 EVOLUTION OF DENSITY PERTURBATIONS 226
13.7 JEANS MASS IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE 229
13.8 FREE STREAMING IN DARK MATTER 232
13.9 DARK MATTER PERTURBATIONS 233
13.10 DARK MATTER DRAG 236
13.11 TERMINATION O F GRAVITATIONAL INSTABILITY 237
13.12 DARK MATTER AND BARYONIC STRUCTURES 238
14 DARK ENERGY AND GRAVITATING MATTER FROM STRUCTURE IN THE UNIVERSE 249
14.1 INTRODUCTION 249
14.2 DESCRIBING STRUCTURE IN THE CMB RADIATION 249
14.3 THE POWER SPECTRUM 256
14.4 PERTURBATIONS O F THE GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL 262
14.5 HARRISON-ZELDOVICH SPECTRUM O F DENSITY PERTURBATIONS 264
14.6 PERTURBATIONS AND CMB 266
14.7 THE COSMIC HORIZON AT CMB EMISSION 268
14.8 THE ORIGIN O F PEAKS IN CMB ANGULAR SIZE SPECTRUM 270
14.9 COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FROM CMB PEAKS: ADDITIONAL PRIMARY
OBSERVATIONS 273
14.10 SPATIAL CORRELATIONS O F GALAXIES 278
14.11 THE CMB AND THE BARYON ACOUSTIC OSCILLATION (BAO) SPECTRUM . . 286
14.12 THE DARK ENERGY EQUATION O F STATE: IS DARK ENERGY DENSITY A
FUNCTION O F TIME? 290
14.13 DARK ENERGY DETERMINED FROM GRAVITATIONAL LENSING OF THE CMB . .
292 14.14 COSMIC 3D SPACE: FINITE OR INFINITE? 293
IMAGE 4
X L L
CONTENTS
15 THE LOCAL PATH TO DARK ENERGY 300
15.1 A GRAVITATING SYSTEM WITHIN DARK ENERGY: THE ZERO-GRAVITY RADIUS .
300 15.2 DYNAMICAL STRUCTURE O F A GRAVITATING SYSTEM WITHIN DARK
ENERGY. . 305 15.3 DARK ENERGY AND DETERMINATION O F MASS IN SYSTEMS O F
GALAXIES. . . 309
15.4 TOWARDS LOCAL MEASUREMENT O F DARK ENERGY 313
15.5 THE HUBBLE LAW AND DARK ENERGY 316
15.6 REDSHIFT ASYMMETRY AS SIGNATURE O F DARK ENERGY 320
16 COSMOLOGICAL INFLATION 328
16.1 PHYSICS O F THE VACUUM 328
16.2 WHY DOES THE UNIVERSE EXPAND? 332
16.3 WHY IS THE UNIVERSE UNIFORM? 336
16.4 SCALAR FIELDS 339
16.5 EQUATION O F MOTION 341
16.6 REHEATING AFTER INFLATION 344
16.7 DENSITY PERTURBATIONS AND GRAVITATIONAL WAVES 344
17 COSMIC INTERNAL SYMMETRY 346
17.1 TIME-INDEPENDENT PARAMETERS O F THE METAGALAXY 346
17.2 THE FRIEDMANN INTEGRALS 348
17.3 THE PHYSICS BEHIND COINS 352
17.4 COINCIDENCE PROBLEM 356
17.5 DICKE S FLATNESS PROBLEM AND SOLUTIONS 358
17.6 BIG NUMBERS 361
17.7 EXTRA DIMENSIONS? 362
17.8 NEW NATURALNESS 368
17.9 PROTOGALACTIC PERTURBATIONS 369
BIBLIOGRAPHY 373
INDEX 394
|
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| language | English |
| lccn | 2012009079 |
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| physical | XII, 403 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
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| publisher | De Gruyter |
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| series | De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics |
| series2 | De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics |
| spelling | Paths to dark energy theory and observation Gene Byrd ... Berlin [u.a.] De Gruyter 2012 XII, 403 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics 2 Includes bibliographical references and index Dark energy (Astronomy) Dark matter (Astronomy) Cosmology Dunkle Energie (DE-588)7589166-9 gnd rswk-swf Dunkle Energie (DE-588)7589166-9 s DE-604 Byrd, Gene Sonstige (DE-588)1043786120 oth Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-11-025878-3 De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics 2 (DE-604)BV040141722 2 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025193136&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Paths to dark energy theory and observation De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics Dark energy (Astronomy) Dark matter (Astronomy) Cosmology Dunkle Energie (DE-588)7589166-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)7589166-9 |
| title | Paths to dark energy theory and observation |
| title_auth | Paths to dark energy theory and observation |
| title_exact_search | Paths to dark energy theory and observation |
| title_full | Paths to dark energy theory and observation Gene Byrd ... |
| title_fullStr | Paths to dark energy theory and observation Gene Byrd ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paths to dark energy theory and observation Gene Byrd ... |
| title_short | Paths to dark energy |
| title_sort | paths to dark energy theory and observation |
| title_sub | theory and observation |
| topic | Dark energy (Astronomy) Dark matter (Astronomy) Cosmology Dunkle Energie (DE-588)7589166-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Dark energy (Astronomy) Dark matter (Astronomy) Cosmology Dunkle Energie |
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