Pathways to African export sustainability:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington
World Bank
2012
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Directions in development : Trade
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 122 S. |
| ISBN: | 0821395599 9780821395592 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804149368577589248 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgments
ix
About the Authors
xi
Abbreiñations
xiii
Introduction
1
Chapter
1
Export Survival: What We Know about Africa
7
Export Survival: A First Pass at the Evidence
8
Do African Exports Really Survive Less Long?
10
Understanding Entry, Exit, and Survival Decisions
22
Annex
1
A: The Basic Analytics of Survival
29
Annex IB: The Basic Toolkit of Empirical
Survival Analysis
33
Notes
36
References
36
Chapter
2
Countries, Institutions, and Policies
39
Comparative Advantage
40
Trade Costs and the Business Environment
48
Standards and Their Enforcement
60
vi
Contents
Annex 2A: Survey of African Exporters on
Export Survival
66
Notes
69
References
71
Chapter
3
Survival, Contracts, and Networks
77
Exports, Firms, and Survival
77
[.earning and Synergies
81
Networks: Migrants and
Diasporas
88
Notes
98
References
99
Chapter
4
Policy Implications
105
Thinking Strategically: Export-Expansion Paths
106
Trade Preferences: What Role Should They Play?
108
A Role tor Support Services and Technical
Assistance
110
Notes
120
References
121
Boxes
2.1
Examples ot Non-Tariff Barriers and Their Costs in
Southern Africa
49
2.2
A Malian Mango s Soldier s Run
63
4.1
The
Agri-
Food Product Risk Index
112
Figures
1.1
Average Export Survival by Origin Country,
1979-2010 9
1.2
Average Export Survival by Destination,
1979-2010
Ю
1.3
Sub-Saharan Africa s Exports Relative to Comparator
Group,
1960-2010
Π
1.4
Average Export Survival by Exporter (Origin) Income,
1979-2010 13
1 5
Average Spell Survival by Importer (Destination)
Income,
1979-2010
Η
3
и
Kaplan-Meier Survival Function for Developing-
Country Originating Products in
OECD
Markets
15
1 7
Kaplan-Meier Survival Function for Sub-Saharan
Africa-Originating Products in
OECD
Markets
15
Contents
vii
1.8
Average Spell Survival and Exporter-Country Income,
1979-2010 16
1.9
Export Survival and Income by Sector,
1979-2010 17
1.10
Sunk Costs and the Frequency of Exits
23
1.11
Number of New Export Lines
(HS 6)
against
Income Levels
25
1.12
Export Growth Decomposed,
1990-2005 26
1.13
Entry and First-Year Entrants Survival Rates at the
Firm Level
28
2.1
Average Spell Survival and Comparative Disadvantage
42
2.2
Traveling through Diversification Cones
44
2.3
Evolution of Sectoral Shares with Income Levels
45
2.4
Constraints to Survival
54
2.5
First-Year Survival Rates and Business Environment
Measures in the Origin Country
56
2.6
First-Year Survival Rates and Financial Development
58
3.1
Source of Client Contact,
2009 87
3.2
Importance of Barriers to Export: Regular Exporters
(Number of Responses),
2009 91
3.3
Occupational Changes of Internal and International
Migrants: Burkina
Faso, 2009 94
4.1
Effect of Prior, Non-OECD Experience on First-Year
Survival Rates by Region of Origin
107
Tables
1.1
Cox Regression Results: Estimation of Export Spell
Hazard Rates, All Developing Countries
19
2.1
Survival Versus Business Environment Measures in African
Countries: Correlations
59
2A.
1
Survey of African Exporters on Export Survival:
Distribution of Exporters by Exporter Type
66
3.1
Origin and Destination of Emigrant Stocks by Region
92
3.2
Origin and Destination of Emigrant Stocks by African
Region, Percent of Total Emigration
93
3.3
Export-Spell Hazard Rate Estimates: Cox Regressions
96
4.1
Cox Regression Results: The PIP Effect on Survival of
Senegalese FFV Exports to the
EU
Market
116
trican
exporters
surrer rrom
low survival rates on
internatio
often than others, incurring the setup costs involved in starting new relationships. This
high churning
isa
source of waste, uncertainty, and discouragement.
However, this trend is not inevitable. The high infant mortality of African exports is
largely explained by Africa s low-income business environment. Once properly
benchmarked, Africa s performance in terms of exporter failure is no outlier. Moreover,
African exporters show vigorous
entrepreneurship,
with high entry rates into new
products and markets despite formidable hurdles created by poor infrastructure,
landlocked boundaries for some, and limited access to major sea routes for others.
African exporters experiment frequently, and they often pay the price of failure. What
matters for policy is how to ensure that viable ventures survive.
Pathways to African Export Sustainability shows how governments can and should help to
reduce the rate of failure of African export ventures through a mixture of improvements
in the business environment and well-targeted proactive interventions.
The business environment can be made more conducive to sustainable export
entrepreneurship
through traditional policy prescriptions such as reducing
transportation costs, facilitating trade through better technology and workflow
in border management, improving the effectiveness of banking regulations to ensure
the availability of trade finance, and striving for regulatory simplicity and coherence.
In addition, governments can help leverage synergies between exporters. Original
research featured in this book shows that African exporters improve each other s chances
of survival when a critical mass penetrates a given market together. They also benefit
from diaspora presence in destination markets. With adequate donor support and private
sector engagement, export promotion agencies and technical assistance programs
can help leverage those synergies.
Pathways to African Export Sustainability will be of interest to policy makers, government
officials, and new and potential exporters in the Africa region.
ISBN
978-0-8213-9559-2
THE WORLD BANK
|
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| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| id | DE-604.BV040336863 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:21:55Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0821395599 9780821395592 |
| language | English |
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| spellingShingle | Brenton, Paul 1961- Cadot, Olivier Pierola, Martha Denisse Pathways to African export sustainability Export (DE-588)4016020-8 gnd Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4016020-8 (DE-588)4326464-5 (DE-588)4023222-0 (DE-588)4000695-5 |
| title | Pathways to African export sustainability |
| title_auth | Pathways to African export sustainability |
| title_exact_search | Pathways to African export sustainability |
| title_full | Pathways to African export sustainability Paul Brenton, Olivier Cadot, and Martha Denisse Pierola |
| title_fullStr | Pathways to African export sustainability Paul Brenton, Olivier Cadot, and Martha Denisse Pierola |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathways to African export sustainability Paul Brenton, Olivier Cadot, and Martha Denisse Pierola |
| title_short | Pathways to African export sustainability |
| title_sort | pathways to african export sustainability |
| topic | Export (DE-588)4016020-8 gnd Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd Handel (DE-588)4023222-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Export Nachhaltigkeit Handel Afrika |
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