Gender, inequality, and wages:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford
Oxford Univ. Press
2012
|
| Edition: | 1. ed. |
| Series: | IZA Prize in Labor Economics series
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 545 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780199665853 0199665850 |
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MARC
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| adam_text | Titel: Gender, inequality, and wages
Autor: Blau, Francine D
Jahr: 2012
Contents
I Introduction by the Editors
Equality and Fairness in the Labor Market 1
II The Gender Wage Gap:
Determinants and Trends over Time for the United States
Introduction 8
1. Equal Pay in the Office 17
1.1. Introduction 17
1.2. The Model 20
1.3. Data 25
1.4. Occupational Wage Rates and Employment Patterns 26
1.4.1. Sex Segregation by Establishment:
Measurement and Magnitude 28
1.4.2. The Relationship of Male and Female Wage Rates
to the Distribution of Men and Women among
Establishments 40
1.5. Establishment Wage Rates and the Sex Composition
of Employment 55
1.5.1. Establishment Wage Rates and Employment Patterns 56
1.5.2. The Determinants of Establishment Wage Rates
and Employment Patterns 62
1.6. Conclusions 75
2. Trends in Earnings Differentials by Gender 78
2.1. 1970s 78
2.1.1. An Overview of Trends 80
2.1.2. Strategy of the Analysis 81
2.1.3. Regression Model 84
2.1.4. Trends in Adjusted Female-Male Earnings Ratios 89
2.1.5. Decomposition of Trends in the
Male-Female Differential 92
2.1.6. Conclusion 97
2.2. 1980s and 1990s 99
2.2.1. Trends in the Gender Pay Gap: Overall Patterns 101
2.2.2. Decomposing the Changes in the Gender Wage Gap 103
2.2.3. Factors Contributing to a Slowing Convergence
in the Unexplained Gender Pay Gap in the 1990s 112
2.2.4. Conclusion 126
III International Differences in the Gender Wage Gap and
Wage Inequality: The Role of Wage Setting Institutions
Introduction 128
3. Wage Structure and Gender Earnings Differentials:
An International Comparison 136
3.1. An Overview of Data Sources and
Gender Earnings Ratios 139
3.2. The Institutional Setting 145
3.3. Gender Differences in Worker Characteristics 148
3.4. Analysis of International Differences in the Pay Gap:
The Effects of Skills, Treatment of Women, and
Overall Inequality 152
3.4.1. A Method of Decomposing the International
Differences in the Pay Gap 152
3.4.2. Implementing the Decomposition 156
3.4.3. Empirical Results: A Ten-Country Comparison 159
3.4.4. Empirical Results: A Detailed Comparison of
the United States and Sweden (1984) 166
3.4.5. Some General Evidence on the Effects of Institutions 170
3.5. Conclusions 173
Appendix 174
4. Understanding International Differences in the
Gender Pay Gap 177
4.1. Introduction 177
4.2. The Institutional Setting 181
4.3. Description of the Data 185
4.4. Estimation Strategy 187
4.5. Results 195
4.6. Conclusions 210
Appendix 211
5. International Differences in Male Wage Inequality:
Institutions versus Market Forces 213
5.1. Introduction 213
5.2. Determinants of Wage Inequality:
Skills and Institutions 218
5.3. Overview of International Differences in
Labor Market Institutions 221
5.4. Results 223
5.4.1. Data Sources and the Definition of
Hours-Corrected Earnings 223
5.4.2. The Role of Prices and Measured Characteristics 227
5.4.3. The Effect of Institutions:
Collective Bargaining and Contract Extension 235
5.4.4. An Alternative Explanation:
Supply and Demand Effects 237
5.4.5. The Effects of Institutions: Toward a General Test 245
5.4.6. Implications: Employment Responses 248
5.5. Conclusions 251
Appendix 253
IV Other Dimensions of Gender Inequality
and Policy Responses
Introduction 256
6. Changes in the Labor Supply Behavior of Married Women:
1980-2000 264
6.1. Introduction 264
6.2. Recent Research on Female Labor Supply and
Research Questions of the Study 267
6.3. Econometric Issues in Estimating
Labor Supply Models 270
6.4. Data and Descriptive Patterns 273
6.5. Empirical Procedures and Regression Results 276
6.5.1. Basic Regression Results 276
6.5.2. Pervasiveness of the Reduction in Female
Labor Supply Elasticities 283
6.5.3. Accounting for Changes in Women s Labor Supply:
1980-2000 288
6.5.4. Alternative Specifications and Estimation Methods 292
6.6. Conclusions 302
Appendix 303
Trends in the Well-Being of American Women: 1970-1995 308
7.1. Introduction 308
7.2. Labor Force Participation: Trends and Explanations 313
7.2.1. Trends in Labor Force Participation:
Gender Differences 314
7.2.2. Trends in Labor Force Participation:
Differences by Education within Gender Groups 317
7.2.3. Explaining the Trends 322
7.3. Labor Market Outcomes:
Wages and Occupational Distributions 326
7.3.1 Issues in Measuring Wages 327
7.3.2. Trends in the Gender Wage Gap 329
7.3.3. Trends in Real Wages and Differences in
Wage Gains Within Gender Groups 330
7.3.4. Trends in Gender Differences in Occupations
and Self-Employment 333
7.3.5. Explaining the Trends in Wages:
The Overall Gender Gap 334
7.3.6. Explaining the Trends in Wages:
Differences by Skill Group 340
7.4. Standard of Living:
Differences Across and Within Families 341
7.4.1. Trends in Marital Status and Family Formation 343
7.4.2. Explaining the Trends in Family Formation 348
7.4.3. Implications of Changes in Family Formation,
Labor Force Participation, and Wage Trends for
Income Differences Across Families 351
7.4.4. Trends in Intra-family Allocation:
Wage Ratios of Husbands and Wives 352
7.4.5. Trends in Intra-family Allocation:
Allocation of Housework 355
7.4.6. Trends in Intra-family Allocation: Domestic Violence 359
7.5. Having It All : Combining Work and Family 364
7.6. Conclusion 366
Appendix 368
8. Can Mentoring Help Female Assistant Professors?
Interim Results from a Randomized Trial 370
8.1. Background 371
8.2. The CeMENT Intervention 372
8.3. Interim Results 373
8.4. Conclusions 378
V Inequality by Race and Immigrant Status
Introduction 379
9. Black-White Earnings over the 1970s and 1980s:
Gender differences in Trends 389
9.1. Introduction 389
9.2. Regression Model and Empirical Procedures 391
9.3. Overview of Trends 394
9.4. Adjustment for Selectivity Bias 396
9.5. Decomposition of the Earnings Trends 397
9.6. Conclusion 403
10. Black-White Differences in Wealth and Asset Composition 405
10.1. Introduction 405
10.2. Data and Methodology 406
10.3. Empirical Results 410
10.4. Conclusion 419
11. The Use of Transfer Payments by Immigrants 421
11.1. Conceptual Framework 426
11.2. The Data 432
11.3. Control Variables 434
11.4. Direct and Indirect Effects of Foreign Birth 436
11.5. Total Effects of Foreign Birth 440
11.6. Immigrant-Native Differences in Characteristics 442
11.7. Conclusion 443
12. Gender, Source Country Characteristics, and
Labor Market Assimilation among Immigrants 446
12.1. Introduction 446
12.2. Data and Descriptive Patterns 451
12.3. Empirical Procedures 456
12.4. Results 460
12.4.1.Source Country Characteristics and
Assimilation Profiles for Labor Supply:
All Married Couples 460
12.4.2. Source Country Characteristics and
Assimilation Profiles for Labor Supply:
Separately by Family Type 467
12.4.3. Alternative Specifications 470
12.5. Conclusions 471
Appendix A: Individual Variables 473
Appendix B: Source Country Variables 474
VI Concluding Thoughts 477
Notes 484
References 512
Index 532
About the Author and the Editors 544
|
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| spelling | Blau, Francine D. 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)124802680 aut Gender, inequality, and wages Francine D. Blau. Ed. by Anne C. Gielen ... 1. ed. Oxford Oxford Univ. Press 2012 XVIII, 545 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier IZA Prize in Labor Economics series Arbeitslohn fes Arbeitsmarkt fes Frauenarbeit fes Gleichstellung fes Lohngleichheit fes Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd rswk-swf Ungleichheit (DE-588)4186884-5 gnd rswk-swf Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 gnd rswk-swf Lohnstruktur (DE-588)4131996-5 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 s Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 s Ungleichheit (DE-588)4186884-5 s Lohnstruktur (DE-588)4131996-5 s DE-604 Gielen, Anne C. Sonstige (DE-588)130461814 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025159986&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Blau, Francine D. 1946- Gender, inequality, and wages Arbeitslohn fes Arbeitsmarkt fes Frauenarbeit fes Gleichstellung fes Lohngleichheit fes Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd Ungleichheit (DE-588)4186884-5 gnd Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 gnd Lohnstruktur (DE-588)4131996-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4002733-8 (DE-588)4186884-5 (DE-588)4018202-2 (DE-588)4131996-5 (DE-588)4078704-7 |
| title | Gender, inequality, and wages |
| title_auth | Gender, inequality, and wages |
| title_exact_search | Gender, inequality, and wages |
| title_full | Gender, inequality, and wages Francine D. Blau. Ed. by Anne C. Gielen ... |
| title_fullStr | Gender, inequality, and wages Francine D. Blau. Ed. by Anne C. Gielen ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender, inequality, and wages Francine D. Blau. Ed. by Anne C. Gielen ... |
| title_short | Gender, inequality, and wages |
| title_sort | gender inequality and wages |
| topic | Arbeitslohn fes Arbeitsmarkt fes Frauenarbeit fes Gleichstellung fes Lohngleichheit fes Arbeitsmarkt (DE-588)4002733-8 gnd Ungleichheit (DE-588)4186884-5 gnd Frau (DE-588)4018202-2 gnd Lohnstruktur (DE-588)4131996-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Arbeitslohn Arbeitsmarkt Frauenarbeit Gleichstellung Lohngleichheit Ungleichheit Frau Lohnstruktur USA |
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