Biomass conversion: the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Heidelberg [u.a.]
Springer
2012
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXVII, 465 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 3642284175 9783642284175 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV040233108 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20141121 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 120604s2012 gw ad|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 015 | |a 12,N06 |2 dnb | ||
| 015 | |a 12,A22 |2 dnb | ||
| 016 | 7 | |a 101930474X |2 DE-101 | |
| 020 | |a 3642284175 |9 3-642-28417-5 | ||
| 020 | |a 9783642284175 |9 978-3-642-28417-5 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)794942921 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)DNB101930474X | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a gw |c XA-DE-BE | ||
| 049 | |a DE-83 |a DE-29T |a DE-634 |a DE-703 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 662.66 |2 22/ger | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 662.88 |2 22/ger | |
| 084 | |a ZE 37000 |0 (DE-625)155846:1552 |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a ZP 3760 |0 (DE-625)157974: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a 660 |2 sdnb | ||
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Biomass conversion |b the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science |c Chinnappan Baskar ... ed. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Heidelberg [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2012 | |
| 300 | |a XXVII, 465 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Ausgangsmaterial |0 (DE-588)4143518-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Chemische Synthese |0 (DE-588)4133806-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Nutzung |0 (DE-588)4120814-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Biomasse |0 (DE-588)4006877-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Biokraftstoff |0 (DE-588)4145658-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Bodensanierung |0 (DE-588)4137352-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Feinchemikalie |0 (DE-588)4379906-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Erneuerbare Energien |0 (DE-588)4068598-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Kraftstoffherstellung |0 (DE-588)4165454-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Bioenergieerzeugung |0 (DE-588)4145597-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Biokraftstoff |0 (DE-588)4145658-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Kraftstoffherstellung |0 (DE-588)4165454-7 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Bioenergieerzeugung |0 (DE-588)4145597-6 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 2 | 0 | |a Biomasse |0 (DE-588)4006877-8 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | 1 | |a Ausgangsmaterial |0 (DE-588)4143518-7 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | 2 | |a Feinchemikalie |0 (DE-588)4379906-1 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | 3 | |a Chemische Synthese |0 (DE-588)4133806-6 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 3 | 0 | |a Bodensanierung |0 (DE-588)4137352-2 |D s |
| 689 | 3 | 1 | |a Biomasse |0 (DE-588)4006877-8 |D s |
| 689 | 3 | 2 | |a Nutzung |0 (DE-588)4120814-6 |D s |
| 689 | 3 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 4 | 0 | |a Erneuerbare Energien |0 (DE-588)4068598-6 |D s |
| 689 | 4 | 1 | |a Bioenergieerzeugung |0 (DE-588)4145597-6 |D s |
| 689 | 4 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Baskar, Chinnappan |4 edt | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Online-Ausgabe |z 978-3-642-28418-2 |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m X:MVB |q text/html |u http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3968487&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm |3 Inhaltstext |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m DNB Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025089486&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025089486 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1805146728603582464 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
1 BIOMASS CONVERSION TO ENERGY 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 BIOMASS AND ENERGY GENERATION 4
1.2.1 METHODS O F BIOMASS CONVERSION 7
1.2.2 CONVERSION OF BIOMASS TO BIOFUELS: THE BIOREFINERY CONCEPT 56
1.2.3 BIOMASS CONVERSION INTO ELECTRICITY 79
1.3 ECONOMICS AND MODELING OF BIOMASS CONVERSION PROCESSES TO ENERGY 84
1.4 FUTURE OF BIOMASS CONVERSION INTO ENERGY 87
REFERENCES 88
2 BIOMASS ENERGY 91
2.1 INTRODUCTION 91
2.2 ENERGY PLANTATION 93
2.3 BIOMASS PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES 94
2.4 BIOMASS CONVERSION PROCESSES 95
2.4.1 DIRECT COMBUSTION PROCESSES 96
2.4.2 THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESS 97
2.5 TYPES O F GASIFIERS 102
2.5.1 UPDRAUGHT OR COUNTER CURRENT GASIFIER 102
2.5.2 DOWNDRAUGHT OR CO-CURRENT GASIFIERS 102
2.5)3 CROSS-DRAUGHT GASIFIER 103
2.5.4 FLUIDIZED BED GASIFIER 103
2.5.5 OTHER TYPES O F GASIFIERS 104
2.6 BRIQUETTING 104
2.6.1 SCREW PRESS AND PISTON PRESS TECHNOLOGIES 104
2.6.2 COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS O F BIOMASS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE 107
XVII
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/101930474X
IMAGE 2
XV111
CONTENTS
2.7 ANAEROBIC DIGESTION 109
2.7.1 BATCH OR CONTINUOUS 112
2.7.2 TEMPERATURE 113
2.7.3 SOLIDS 113
2.7.4 NUMBER O F STAGES 114
2.7.5 RESIDENCE 115
2.7.6 FEEDSTOCKS 115
2.8 METHANE PRODUCTION IN LANDFILLS 116
2.9 ETHANOL FERMENTATION 117
2.10 BIODIESEL 119
2.11 FIRST-GENERATION VERSUS SECOND-GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES . . . . 120
2.12 CONCLUSION 121
REFERENCES 122
3 LIGNOCELLULOSE PRETREATMENT BY IONIC LIQUIDS: A PROMISING START POINT
FOR BIO-ENERGY PRODUCTION 123
3.1 INTRODUCTION 123
3.2 IONIC LIQUIDS: GOOD SOLVENTS FOR BIOMASS 124
3.2 .1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IONIC LIQUIDS' STRUCTURE AND SOLUBILITY 125
3.2.2 MOLECULAR LEVEL UNDERSTANDING OF THE INTERACTION OF IONIC LIQUIDS
AND LIGNOCELLULOSE: THE KEY FOR LIGNOCELLULOSE PRETREATMENT 126
3.3 TOWARD BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE WOOD CHEMISTRY IN IONIC LIQUIDS
128
3.4 IONIC LIQUIDS PRETREATMENT TECHNOLOGY-FOR ENZYMATIC PRODUCTION OF
MONOSUGARS 130
3.5 IONIC LIQUIDS PRETREATMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR CHEMICAL PRODUCTION O F
MONOSUGARS 132
3.6 ENZYMATIC COMPATIBLE IONIC LIQUIDS FOR BIOMASS PRETREATMENT 138
3.7 CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS 140
REFERENCES 140
4 APPLICATION O F IONIC LIQUIDS IN THE CONVERSION OF NATIVE
LIGNOCELLULOS.IC BIOMASS TO BIOFUELS 145
4.1 INTRODUCTION 145
4.2 PRETREATMENT O F NATIVE BIOMASS 146
4.2.1 CELLULOSE AND LIGNIN COMPOSITION IN BIOMASS 146
4.2.2 DISSOLUTION OF BIOMASS IN IONIC LIQUIDS 147
4.2.3 EFFECT OF IONIC LIQUID CHEMICAL COMPOSITION 149
4.2.4 EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE 150
4.2.5 EFFECT OF DENSITY 151
4.2.6 VISCOSITY 151
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS XIX
4.2.7 ACID HYDROLYSIS 152
4.2.8 CATALYSTS 153
4.2.9 PRETREATMENT WITH AMMONIA 153
4.2.10 MICROWAVE HEATING AND ULTRASOUNDS 154
4.2.11 BIOMASS SIZE REDUCTION 154
4.2.12 COMPARISON WITH OTHER PRETREATMENTS 155
4.2.13 WATER ADSORPTION AS AN ISSUE 155
4.2.14 PRESENCE OF IMPURITIES 156
4.3 MECHANISM OF DELIGNIFICATION AND CELLULOSE DISSOLUTION 157
4.3.1 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES 157
4.3.2 PURIFIED CELLULOSE SUBSTRATES AND LIGNIN MODELS . . . . 159
4.3.3 SWELLING 160
4.3.4 REGENERATION AND REDUCTION OF CELLULOSE CRYSTALLINITY 160
4.3.5 HYDROGEN BONDING 161
4.3.6 EMPIRICAL SOLVENT POLARITY SCALES 163
4.4 COMPATIBILITY WITH CELLULASES 165
4.4.1 GENERAL TOXICITY O F IONIC LIQUIDS 165
4.4.2 DEACTIVATION OF CELLULASES IN ILS 165
4.4.3 TEMPERATURE AND PH DEPENDENCE O F CELLULASE ACTIVITY 167
4.4.4 EFFECT O F HIGH PRESSURE 168
4.4.5 IDENTIFICATION OF CELLULASES RESISTANT TO IONIC LIQUIDS 169
4.4.6 DESIGNING NEW IONIC LIQUIDS SUITABLE FOR CELLULOSE DISSOLUTION AND
CELLULASE ACTIVITY 169
4.4.7 STABILIZATION OF CELLULASES IN MICROEMULSIONS AND BY
IMMOBILIZATION 170
4.5 RECYCLING 171
4.5.1 HOW GREEN ARE ILS? 171
4.5.2 RECYCLING ATTEMPTS 171
4.5.3 BIODEGRADABILITY 173
4.6 APPLICATIONS 173
4.6.1 APPLICATIONS O F PURIFIED CELLULOSE SUBSTRATES 173
4.6.2 APPLICATIONS O F NATIVE BIOMASS 174
4.7 CONCLUSIONS 177
REFERENCES .- 177
5 CATALYSTS IN THERMOCHEMICAL BIOMASS CONVERSION 187
5.1 THERMOCHEMICAL BIOMASS CONVERSION 187
5.2 TYPES O F CATALYSTS IN THE THERMOCHEMICAL BIOMASS CONVERSION 188
5.2.1 KNOWN CATALYST TYPES FOR BIOMASS GASIFICATION . . . . 188
5.2.2 CATALYST TYPES FOR BIOMASS PYROLYSIS 191
IMAGE 4
XX CONTENTS
5.2.3 NANOCATALYSTS FOR BIOMASS CONVERSION 194
5.3 CONCLUSION 196
REFERENCES 196
6 FATTY ACIDS-DERIVED FUELS FROM BIOMASS VIA CATALYTIC DEOXYGENATION 199
6.1 INTRODUCTION 199
6.2 DEOXYGENATION PROCESSES 201
6.2.1 HYDRODEOXYGENATION OF FATTY ACIDS 201
6.2.2 DECARBOXYLATION/DECARBONYLATION O F FATTY ACIDS . . . . 207 6.2.3
DEOXYGENATION O F FATTY ACIDS VIA CATALYTIC CRACKING 214
6.2.4 COMPARISON O F DEOXYGENATION METHODS 215
6.3 CONCLUSIONS 217
REFERENCES 218
7 BIOBUTANOL: THE FUTURE BIOFUEL 221
7.1 INTRODUCTION 221
7.2 MICROBIOLOGY O F ABE FERMENTATION 223
7.3 BIOMASS AS FEEDSTOCK 223
7.4 IMPROVEMENTS IN FERMENTATION PROCESSES 225
7.4.1 BATCH AND FED-BATCH FERMENTATION PROCESSES 226
7.4.2 CONTINUOUS FERMENTATION PROCESS 229
7.5 RECOVERY TECHNIQUES INTEGRATED WITH FERMENTATION PROCESS. . . 229
7.6 ECONOMIC ASPECTS 231
7.7 PROSPECTIVE 232
REFERENCES 232
8 MOLECULAR GENETIC STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING PLANT BIOMASS FOR
CELLULOSIC ETHANOL PRODUCTION 237
8.1 INTRODUCTION 237
8.2 STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCEMENT O F BIOMASS 239
8.2.1 GENETIC BASIS OF PLANT ARCHITECTURE 239
8.2.2 PHYTOHORMONE-RELATED GENES AND DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATION 241
8.2.3 FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS APPROACHES FOR IDENTIFICATION O F USEFUL GENES
244
8.2.4 PLANT BREEDING 244
8.2.5 BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO FURTHER IMPROVE BIOFUEL CROPS 245
8.3 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES 246
REFERENCES 247
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS XXI
9 PRODUCTION O F BIOETHANOL FROM FOOD INDUSTRY WASTE:
MICROBIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 251
9.1 INTRODUCTION 251
9.2 RAW MATERIALS 254
9.2.1 WHEAT STRAW 254
9.2.2 SUGARCANE BAGASSE 255
9.2.3 RICE STRAW 256
9.2.4 FRUIT AND VEGETABLE WASTE 256
9.2.5 COFFEE WASTE 259
9.2.6 CHEESE WHEY 259
9.2.7 SPENT SULFITE LIQUOR 259
9.2.8 BIOETHANOL FROM ALGAE 260
9.3 MICROORGANISMS FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION 260
9.3.1 MICROORGANISMS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS 260
9.3.2 SUBSTRATE AND MICROORGANISMS 260
9.3.3 LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL FOR ETHANOLIC FERMENTATION 261
9.3.4 FERMENTATION OF SYNGAS INTO ETHANOL 263
9.4 BIOCHEMISTRY OF FERMENTATION 263
9.4.1 FERMENTATION OF CARBOHYDRATES 263
9.4.2 EFFICIENCY O F ETHANOL FORMATION 271
9.4.3 METABOLIC ENGINEERING FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ADVANCED FUELS 272
9.5 GENETICALLY MODIFIED MICROORGANISMS FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION 275
9.5.1 ESCHERICHIA COLI 276
9.5.2 ZYMOMONAS MOBILIS 276
9.5.3 PICHIA STIPITIS 277
9.5.4 KLOECKERA OXYTOCA 277
9.5.5 SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE 278
9.6 FERMENTATION 279
9.6.1 FERMENTATION KINETICS 279
9.6.2 FERMENTATION PROCESS FOR BIOETHANOL 283
9.7 TECHNOLOGY O F BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION 286
9.7.1 SUGAR MOLASSES 286
9.7.2 APPLE POMACE 287
9.7.3 ORANGE WASTE 289
9.7.4 BANANA WASTE 290
9.7.5 POTATO WASTE 291
9.7.6 WHEAT STRAW 291
9.7.7 RICE STRAW 291
9.7.8 RICE HUSK 292
9.7.9 BARLEY 292
9.7.10 WHEY 292
IMAGE 6
X X I I C O N T E N T S
9.7.11 CASSAVA ROOTS 293
9.7.12 HYDROLYSED CELLULOSIC BIOMASS 293
9.7.13 RECENT ADVANCES IN BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESS. . . 300 9.7.14
BOIETHANOL REFINERY 300
9.8 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES AND CONCLUSIONS 301
REFERENCES 302
10 ENHANCEMENT O F BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY TWO-STAGE SYSTEMS: DARK AND
PHOTOFERMENTATION 313
10.1 INTRODUCTION 313
10.2 DARK FERMENTATION 314
10.2.1 DARK FERMENTATION WITH PURE CULTURES 317
10.2.2 DARK FERMENTATION WITH MIXED CULTURES 318
10.2.3 SUBSTRATES FOR DARK FERMENTATION 320
10.2.4 FACTORS INFLUENCING DARK FERMENTATION 321
10.2.5 PRE-TREATMENT OF MIXED CULTURE 322
10.2.6 PH AND TEMPERATURE 322
10.2.7 PARTIAL PRESSURE O F PRODUCED HYDROGEN 323
10.2.8 REACTOR CONFIGURATION 323
10.3 PHOTOFERMENTATION 324
10.3.1 SUBSTRATES FOR PHOTOFERMENTATION 326
10.3.2 FACTORS INFLUENCING PHOTOFERMENTATION 327
10.3.3 C/N RATIO 327
10.3.4 INOCULUM AGE 328
10.3.5 LIGHT SOURCE AND LIGHT INTENSITY 328
10.3.6 PH AND TEMPERATURE 329
10.3.7 REACTOR CONFIGURATION 329
10.4 TWO-STAGE SYSTEMS 330
10.5 CONCLUSION 332
REFERENCES 333
11 ORGANOSOLV FRACTIONATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSES FOR FUELS, CHEMICALS AND
MATERIALS: A BIOREFINERY PROCESSING PERSPECTIVE 341
11.1 INTRODUCTION 341
11.2 OVERVIEW OF ORGANOSOLV FRACTIONATION 342
11.3 ETHANOL FRACTIONATION 343
11.3.1 EFFECT OF TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURE OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL
343
11.3.2 PROCESS OF ETHANOL FRACTIONATION AND LIGNIN RECOVERY 347
11.3.3 APPLICATIONS O F THE PRODUCTS 350
11.4 ORGANIC ACID FRACTIONATION 355
IMAGE 7
CONTENTS XXIII
11.4.1 EFFECT OF TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURE OF
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL 355
11.4.2 PROCESS OF ORGANIC ACID FRACTIONATION AND LIGNIN RECOVERY 358
11.4.3 APPLICATIONS O F THE PRODUCTS 360
11.5 OTHER FRACTIONATION PROCESSES USING ORGANIC SOLVENTS 364
11.5.1 METHANOL 364
11.5.2 ETHYLENE GLYCOL 367
11.5.3 ETHANOLAMINE 367
11.5.4 ACETONE 368
11.5.5 DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE 369
11.6 CONCLUDING REMARKS 370
REFERENCES 370
12 LIGNIN AS SOURCE O F FINE CHEMICALS: VANILLIN AND SYRINGALDEHYDE 381
12.1 LIGNIN, A FASCINATING COMPLEX POLYMER 381
12.2 MAIN LIGNIN TYPES: ORIGIN, PRODUCERS, END USERS AND CHARACTERISTICS
383
12.2.1 KRAFT LIGNINS 384
12.2.2 LIGNOSULFONATES 385
12.2.3 ORGANOSOLV LIGNINS 388
12.2.4 OTHER LIGNINS 390
12.3 LIGNIN AS SOURCE OF MONOMERIC COMPOUNDS 390
12.3.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW 390
12.3.2 INDUSTRIAL VANILLIN PRODUCTION 390
12.4 PRODUCTION OF VANILLIN AND SYRINGALDEHYDE BY LIGNIN OXIDATION 394
12.4.1 REACTION CONDITIONS 394
12.4.2 EVOLUTION O F PRODUCTS AND TEMPERATURE DURING LIGNIN OXIDATION
399
12.4.3 INFLUENCE OF THE PARAMETERS IN LIGNIN OXIDATION AND VANILLIN
OXIDATION 400
12.4.4 CATALYSTS 405
12.4.5 THE CONTINUOUS PROCESS O F LIGNIN OXIDATION 406
12.4.6 PERSPECTIVES 408
12.5 SEPARATION PROCESSES FOR OXIDATION PRODUCTS O F LIGNIN 408
12.5.1 CONVENTIONAL PROCESS OF EXTRACTION 409
12.5.2 ION EXCHANGE PROCESSES 409
12.5.3 MEMBRANE PROCESSES 410
12.5.4 SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION AND CRYSTALLIZATION 410
12.5.5 THE INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR VANILLIN PRODUCTION 411
REFERENCES 413
IMAGE 8
XXIV
CONTENTS
13 LIQUEFACTION O F SOFTWOODS AND HARDWOODS IN SUPERCRITICAL
METHANOL: A NOVEL APPROACH TO BIO-OIL PRODUCTION 421
13.1 INTRODUCTION 421
13.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 423
13.2.1 SUPERCRITICAL FLUID PROCESSING 423
13.2.2 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION 424
13.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 424
13.3.1 BIOCHAR CHARACTERIZATION 425
13.3.2 BIO-OIL CHARACTERIZATION 427
13.4 CONCLUSION 431
REFERENCES 432
14 BIOEXTRACTION: THE INTERFACE O F BIOTECHNOLOGY AND GREEN CHEMISTRY
435
14.1 DISADVANTAGES O F METAL EXTRACTION PROCESS, ITS ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCERNS AND NEED OF BIOEXTRACTION 436
14.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF BIOEXTRACTION PROCESS 436
14.2.1 PHYTOEXTRACTION 437
14.2.2 BIOMINING 441
14.3 CONTRIBUTION OF MICROBES/MICROORGANISMS IN BIOEXTRACTION . . . 444
14.3.1 ROLE O F MICROBES IN BIOMINING 445
14.3.2 ROLE O F FUNGI IN BIOMINING 446
14.4 VARIOUS CHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR EXTRACTION O F HEAVY METALS 447
14.4.1 CONCENTRATION O F THE ORE (REMOVAL O F UNWANTED METALS AND GANGUE
TO PURIFY THE ORE) 447
14.4.2 CONVERSION INTO METAL OXIDE 447
14.4.3 REDUCTION O F METAL OXIDE TO METAL 448
14.4.4 REFINING OF IMPURE METAL INTO PURE METALS 449
14.5 DEVELOPMENT O F METAL SPECIFIC CHELATING RESINS TO EXTRACT METAL
IONS 451
14.6 APPLICATIONS O F BIOEXTRACTION 451
14.7 ECONOMIZATION OF BIOEXTRACTION 454
14.8 FLOW DIAGRAM TO SUMMARIZE THE CHAPTER AND THE PROCESS OF
BIOEXTRACTION 455
14.9- CONCLUSION 456
REFERENCES 456
ABOUT THE EDITORS 459
INDEX 461 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author2 | Baskar, Chinnappan |
| author2_role | edt |
| author2_variant | c b cb |
| author_facet | Baskar, Chinnappan |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040233108 |
| classification_rvk | ZE 37000 ZP 3760 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)794942921 (DE-599)DNB101930474X |
| dewey-full | 662.66 662.88 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 662 - Explosives, fuels & related products |
| dewey-raw | 662.66 662.88 |
| dewey-search | 662.66 662.88 |
| dewey-sort | 3662.66 |
| dewey-tens | 660 - Chemical engineering |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Agrar-/Forst-/Ernährungs-/Haushaltswissenschaft / Gartenbau Energietechnik |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV040233108</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20141121</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">120604s2012 gw ad|| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="015" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">12,N06</subfield><subfield code="2">dnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="015" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">12,A22</subfield><subfield code="2">dnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="016" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">101930474X</subfield><subfield code="2">DE-101</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3642284175</subfield><subfield code="9">3-642-28417-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783642284175</subfield><subfield code="9">978-3-642-28417-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)794942921</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DNB101930474X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">gw</subfield><subfield code="c">XA-DE-BE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-83</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-29T</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-634</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-703</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">662.66</subfield><subfield code="2">22/ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">662.88</subfield><subfield code="2">22/ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZE 37000</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)155846:1552</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZP 3760</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)157974:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">660</subfield><subfield code="2">sdnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Biomass conversion</subfield><subfield code="b">the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science</subfield><subfield code="c">Chinnappan Baskar ... ed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Heidelberg [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">2012</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XXVII, 465 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill., graph. Darst.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Ausgangsmaterial</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4143518-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Chemische Synthese</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4133806-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nutzung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4120814-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Biomasse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006877-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Biokraftstoff</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4145658-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Bodensanierung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4137352-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Feinchemikalie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4379906-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Erneuerbare Energien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4068598-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Kraftstoffherstellung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4165454-7</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Bioenergieerzeugung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4145597-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Biokraftstoff</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4145658-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Kraftstoffherstellung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4165454-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Bioenergieerzeugung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4145597-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Biomasse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006877-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Ausgangsmaterial</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4143518-7</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Feinchemikalie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4379906-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Chemische Synthese</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4133806-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Bodensanierung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4137352-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Biomasse</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006877-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Nutzung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4120814-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Erneuerbare Energien</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4068598-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="4" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Bioenergieerzeugung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4145597-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="4" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Baskar, Chinnappan</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Online-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-3-642-28418-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">X:MVB</subfield><subfield code="q">text/html</subfield><subfield code="u">http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3968487&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltstext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">DNB Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025089486&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="943" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025089486</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV040233108 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-21T00:34:30Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 3642284175 9783642284175 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025089486 |
| oclc_num | 794942921 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-83 DE-29T DE-634 DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-83 DE-29T DE-634 DE-703 |
| physical | XXVII, 465 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science Chinnappan Baskar ... ed. Heidelberg [u.a.] Springer 2012 XXVII, 465 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ausgangsmaterial (DE-588)4143518-7 gnd rswk-swf Chemische Synthese (DE-588)4133806-6 gnd rswk-swf Nutzung (DE-588)4120814-6 gnd rswk-swf Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 gnd rswk-swf Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 gnd rswk-swf Bodensanierung (DE-588)4137352-2 gnd rswk-swf Feinchemikalie (DE-588)4379906-1 gnd rswk-swf Erneuerbare Energien (DE-588)4068598-6 gnd rswk-swf Kraftstoffherstellung (DE-588)4165454-7 gnd rswk-swf Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 gnd rswk-swf Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 s Kraftstoffherstellung (DE-588)4165454-7 s DE-604 Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 s Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 s Ausgangsmaterial (DE-588)4143518-7 s Feinchemikalie (DE-588)4379906-1 s Chemische Synthese (DE-588)4133806-6 s Bodensanierung (DE-588)4137352-2 s Nutzung (DE-588)4120814-6 s Erneuerbare Energien (DE-588)4068598-6 s Baskar, Chinnappan edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-642-28418-2 X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3968487&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025089486&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science Ausgangsmaterial (DE-588)4143518-7 gnd Chemische Synthese (DE-588)4133806-6 gnd Nutzung (DE-588)4120814-6 gnd Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 gnd Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 gnd Bodensanierung (DE-588)4137352-2 gnd Feinchemikalie (DE-588)4379906-1 gnd Erneuerbare Energien (DE-588)4068598-6 gnd Kraftstoffherstellung (DE-588)4165454-7 gnd Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4143518-7 (DE-588)4133806-6 (DE-588)4120814-6 (DE-588)4006877-8 (DE-588)4145658-0 (DE-588)4137352-2 (DE-588)4379906-1 (DE-588)4068598-6 (DE-588)4165454-7 (DE-588)4145597-6 |
| title | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science |
| title_auth | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science |
| title_exact_search | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science |
| title_full | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science Chinnappan Baskar ... ed. |
| title_fullStr | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science Chinnappan Baskar ... ed. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science Chinnappan Baskar ... ed. |
| title_short | Biomass conversion |
| title_sort | biomass conversion the interface of biotechnology chemistry and materials science |
| title_sub | the interface of biotechnology, chemistry and materials science |
| topic | Ausgangsmaterial (DE-588)4143518-7 gnd Chemische Synthese (DE-588)4133806-6 gnd Nutzung (DE-588)4120814-6 gnd Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 gnd Biokraftstoff (DE-588)4145658-0 gnd Bodensanierung (DE-588)4137352-2 gnd Feinchemikalie (DE-588)4379906-1 gnd Erneuerbare Energien (DE-588)4068598-6 gnd Kraftstoffherstellung (DE-588)4165454-7 gnd Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ausgangsmaterial Chemische Synthese Nutzung Biomasse Biokraftstoff Bodensanierung Feinchemikalie Erneuerbare Energien Kraftstoffherstellung Bioenergieerzeugung |
| url | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3968487&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025089486&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT baskarchinnappan biomassconversiontheinterfaceofbiotechnologychemistryandmaterialsscience |