Sport and exercise science: an introduction
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
Hodder Education
2012
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | VIII, 376 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781444144178 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Introduction
vii
Guide
to the companion website
viii
Section
1:
Anatomy and Physiology
1
1.
Sport and Exercise in the Life Sciences
3
Plunging into the gene pool
5
Evolution, diversity and classification
8
Levels of biological organization
10
The chemistry of life
12
Reactions and enzymes in metabolism
14
Structure and function
21
Scientific study
21
References and further reading
23
2.
Human Anatomy and Physiology
25
Anatomy
25
Studying and visualizing the human body
25
Anatomical terms
27
Tissue types
29
The integumentary system
36
The skeleton and movement
38
Major muscles and joints of the body
40
References and further reading
49
3.
Human Physiological Systems
50
Homeostasis
51
The nervous and endocrine systems
51
The cardiovascular system
63
The respiratory system
70
The lymphatic and immune systems
74
The digestive, hepatic and renal systems
79
The liver and biliary system
83
Renal and urinary system
85
References and further reading
88
4.
Skeletal Muscle Physiology and Metabolism
89
Muscle fibres and types
90
Nerve and muscle connection
91
Innervation
93
Molecular features of the
sarcomere
and muscle cell
95
Energetics and metabolism
99
Pathways of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle
101
Muscle cell fibre types and exercise performance
110
References and further reading
114
Contents
5.
Energy Balance
and Body Composition
116
Food and the diet
117
Why do we eat?
119
Body composition measurement
119
Energy balance over time
125
Energy and nutrient intake and its estimation
126
Fuels for exercise
130
Energy substrates of the body tissues and their metabolism
130
Energy expenditure and its measurement
132
Physical activity level, and determinants of energy expenditure
137
Energy balance
-
techniques in perspective
138
Diet and physiological status/Exercise nutrition
139
Hydration
and rehydration in sport and exercise
139
References and further reading
141
6.
Lifestyle Factors affecting Health
143
Health
Measurement of health
145
Factors affecting health and health promotion strategies
145
Physical inactivity, health and disease
146
Nutrition, health and disease
150
Alcohol, health and disease
153
Smoking, health and disease
156
Recreational drugs, health and disease
158
References and further reading
161
Section
2:
Biomechanics
163
7.
Introduction to Sports Biome
зѕ
165
What is sports biomechanics?
165
Sub-branches of mechanics
165
History of biomechanics
166
Biomechanical models
167
What do sports biomechanists do?
168
References and further reading
171
8.
Human
a atic
Concepts
172
Kinematics versus kinetics
173
Linear kinematics
176
Displacement versus distance
178
Velocity versus speed
179
Vector resolution and composition
179
Acceleration
181
Interpreting graphs of kinematic data
183
An introduction to gait analysis
187
The biomechanics of running
188
Projectile motion
190
References and further reading
201
9,
L
ne
Study of Force and Movement
202
Newton s laws of motion
203
Gravitational force
206
The application of Newton s laws of motion
207
Enhancing force production
208
Friction
209
The free body diagram
210
Stress and strain
214
The relationship between load and deformation
214
Stability and balance
215
Centre of pressure
220
Stability
220
Work, power and energy
222
Assessing power output
223
Kinetic energy
226
Potential energy
226
Conservation of mechanical energy
226
Impulse and momentum
227
Impact
228
Centre of percussion
230
References and further reading
232
10.
Angular Kinematics
234
Angular displacement
235
Angular velocity
235
Angular acceleration
237
Movement patterns
237
The kinetic link principle
237
Application of angular velocity and acceleration
241
Relationship between linear and angular motion
243
References and further reading
245
1
Ί
.
Angular Kinetics
247
Inertia and moments of inertia
247
Torque
248
The use of eccentric forces to initiate rotation of the body
249
The moment arm
250
Levers
251
Lever systems and mechanical advantage
254
Tendon insertion variation
254
Muscle contractions
255
Force-velocity relationship
257
Length-tension relationship
258
Centripetal and centrifugal forces
258
Angular analogues of Newton s laws
260
Rotational analogues of Newton s laws
260
Angular momentum in long jumping
261
Analysis of rotation
262
References
265
Ί2.
Fluid Biomechanics
266
Buoyancy
266
Drag
267
Swimming and fluid dynamics
269
The Bernoulli effect
272
The Magnus effect
272
How does drag affect the flight of various balls?
273
Aerodynamics of the discus
274
Contents
Aerodynamics of the javelin
275
Aerodynamic factors in cycling
276
References and further reading
278
13.
Analysis Methods
279
Analysis services
279
Qualitative analysis
279
Quantitative analysis
281
Procedural issues
282
Equipment considerations
283
Basics of data acquisition
284
Reporting of a study
285
Force plates/platforms
285
Electromyography
288
Isokinetic
dynamometry
291
Other motion analysis techniques
294
References and further reading
296
Section
3:
Psychology
299
14.
Psychology of Sport
301
Performance anxiety
302
Aggression in sport
306
Social facilitation
308
Groups and teams
310
Leadership
312
Individual differences
313
Imagery and mental rehearsal
315
Motivation
316
References
320
15.
Exercise and Psychological Health
325
Abnormality and illness
325
Body image
327
Self-esteem, sport and exercise 33I
Depression
332
Self-efficacy
334
Injury and recovery from injury
33g
The end of a sporting career
33g
References
342
16.
The Psychology of Motor Learning and Performance
346
Skills
346
Learning
352
Individual differences in skilled performance
356
Motor ability
357
Motor skill development
35g
Gender differences 3g-j
References
364
Index
365
Acknowledgements
376
In one accessible volume for sports science undergraduates, Sport and Exercise Science:
An Introduction brings together the basic principles behind the physiological, biomechanical
and psychological bases of human performance. This thoroughly revised second edition
provides you with a comprehensive survey of human anatomy, physiology, nutrition,
metabolism, biomechanics and psychology related to sport, exercise and health.
Together with free online support materials, this is the essential companion to your sports and
exercise science or related degree course.
Key Features:
•
Comprehensive and clear explanations of key concepts
і
Relevant examples and related activities to demonstrate practical applications
•
Citations of the latest scientific literature so you can stay up-to-date with developments in sport
•
Support materials including interactive multiple-choice questions, chapter revision questions and
answers and online glossary, which are all available free at www.hodderplus.com/sport
Dean Sewell, Senior Lecturer in Human Physiology and Metabolism, Heriot-Watt University
Philip Watkins, Performance Director for Sports Performance Consultancy
(SPC)
Ltd
Murray Griffin, Senior Lecturer, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex
FREE WEB RESOURCES
Resources supporting this book are available oiline at
: com/sport
These iiclude:
+
interactive multiple choice questions to test your
progress
+
revision questions and answers that help to reinforce
your understanding
+
glossary that explains key sports and exercise
concepts clearly
HODDER
EDUCATION
www.hoddereducation.com
ISBN
978-1444-1-4417-8
|
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