Radiation protection at light water reactors:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2012
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 366 S. teilw. farb. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9783642283871 364228387X |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 THE EARLY YEARS 1
1.2 SOURCE CONTROL AND REDUCTION 5
1.3 OUTAGE MANAGEMENT 5
1.4 BENCHMARKING AND LESSONS-LEARNED 6
1.5 INNOVATION AND USE O F NEW TECHNOLOGY 7
1.6 TRAINING THE NEXT GENERATION OF HEALTH PHYSICISTS 8
1.7 DEREGULATION 9
1.8 SUMMARY 10
BIBLIOGRAPHY 10
2 RADIOLOGICAL ASPECTS O F P W R SYSTEMS 13
2.1 OVERVIEW 13
2.2 PLANT LAYOUT 14
2.3 PRIMARY SYSTEM 15
2.4 CHEMICAL AND VOLUME CONTROL SYSTEM 23
2.5 RESIDUAL HEAT REMOVAL SYSTEM 26
2.6 SAFETY INJECTION SYSTEM 27
2.7 CONTAINMENT SPRAY SYSTEM 28
2.8 SPENT FUEL POOL COOLING AND PURIFICATION 29
2.9 REACTOR CAVITY FILTRATION 32
2.10 RADIOACTIVE WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEMS 32
* 2.10.1 LIQUID WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM 33
2.10.2 GASEOUS WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM 36
2.10.3 SOLID WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM 37
BIBLIOGRAPHY 38
3 RADIOLOGICAL ASPECTS O F B W R SYSTEMS 39
3.1 OVERVIEW ; 39
3.2 PLANT LAYOUT 4 0
IX
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1019304782
IMAGE 2
X CONTENTS
3.3 CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS 4 1
3.4 REACTOR VESSEL 42
3.5 RECIRCULATION SYSTEM 45
3.6 REACTOR WATER CLEANUP SYSTEM 4 6
3.7 RESIDUAL HEAT REMOVAL SYSTEM 49
3.8 FUEL POOL COOLING AND CLEANUP SYSTEM 51
3.9 REACTOR CORE ISOLATION COOLING SYSTEM 52
3.10 REACTOR BUILDING CLOSED LOOP COOLING WATER SYSTEM 52
3.11 MAIN STEAM SYSTEM 5 4
3.12 RADIOACTIVE WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEMS 54
3.12.1 OFFGAS SYSTEM 5 4
3.12.2 LIQUID WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM 55
3.12.3 SOLID WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM 55
BIBLIOGRAPHY 56
4 SOURCES O F OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION EXPOSURE 57
4.1 RADIATION SOURCES 57
4.2 NEUTRON ACTIVATION SOURCE TERMS 58
4.3 FISSION PRODUCTS 6 0
4.4 TRITIUM PRODUCTION PROCESSES 61
4.5 PARAMETERS EFFECTING SOURCE TERMS 62
4.5.1 SYSTEM DESIGN AND INTER-RELATIONSHIP 62
4.5.2 OPERATIONAL HISTORY AND OPERATIONAL MODE 63
4.5.3 COOLANT CHEMISTRY 64
4.5.4 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 66
4.5.5 FUEL INTEGRITY 67
4.6 AMBIENT RADIATION LEVELS 69
4.7 SOURCES O F AIRBORNE CONTAMINATION 70
4.8 SUMMARY 71
BIBLIOGRAPHY 72
5 DEMARCATION O F RADIOLOGICAL ZONES 73
5.1 OVERVIEW 73
5.2 RESTRICTED AND CONTROLLED AREAS 75
5.3 RADIOLOGICAL CONTROLLED AREA 7 6
5.4 RADIATION AREAS 77
5.5 SURFACE CONTAMINATION AREAS 82
5.6 AIRBORNE RADIOACTIVITY AREAS 85
5.7 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL STORAGE AREAS . . . 89
5.8 HOT SPOTS 9 0
5.9 GENERAL POSTING GUIDELINES 9 0
5.10 SUMMARY 92
BIBLIOGRAPHY 92
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS XI
6 OPERATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION 93
6.1 OVERVIEW 93
6.2 RADIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE 9 4
6.2.1 RADIATION SURVEYS 9 4
6.2.2 CONTAMINATION SURVEYS 101
6.2.3 EQUIPMENT AND UNCONDITIONAL RELEASE SURVEYS. . . . 108 6.2.4
AIRBORNE RADIOACTIVITY SURVEYS I L L
6.3 FREQUENCY O F SURVEYS 124
6.4 COMMUNICATION OF SURVEY RESULTS 126
6.5 PERSONNEL CONTAMINATION SURVEYS 128
6.6 PERSONNEL DECONTAMINATION 135
6.7 ACCESS CONTROL 139
6.8 SECONDARY RADIATION PROTECTION CONTROL POINTS 143
6.9 JOB COVERAGE 146
6.10 SUMMARY 149
BIBLIOGRAPHY 150
7 EXPOSURE MANAGEMENT (MINIMIZATION AND CONTROL OF COLLECTIVE DOSE) 151
7.1 OVERVIEW 151
7.2 HISTORICAL INDUSTRY EXPOSURE TOTALS 152
7.3 RADIOLOGICAL WORK COORDINATION 154
7.4 RADIOLOGICAL WORK PLANNING AND PREPARATION 156
7.5 WORK COORDINATION AND EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONS 160
7.5.1 COMPLEXITY O F RADIOLOGICAL WORK ACTIVITIES 160
7.5.2 DIVERSE EXPERIENCE OF PERSONNEL 161
7.5.3 VARIABLE WORK CONDITIONS 163
7.5.4 ORGANIZATIONAL AND DEPARTMENTAL INTERFACE 164
7.5.5 INTERNAL DEPARTMENTAL COMMUNICATIONS 165
7.6 PLANNING AND SCHEDULING ASPECTS 167
7.6.1 POWER OPERATION 168
7.6.2 OUTAGE PERIODS 170
7.7 RADIOLOGICAL SAFETY ASPECTS O F WORK COORDINATION 170
7.7.1 PRE-JOB BRIEFINGS 172
7.7.2 JOB COVERAGE AND EXECUTION 176
7.7.3 POST-JOB DEBRIEFINGS 178
7.8 RADIATION WORK PERMITS 180
7.9 ALAR A WORK PLANS 183
7.10 SCAFFOLD MANAGEMENT 187
7.11 SUMMARY 193
BIBLIOGRAPHY 194
IMAGE 4
XII CONTENTS
8 SOURCE REDUCTION 195
8.1 OVERVIEW 195
8.2 CONTAMINATION CONTROL 196
8.3 SOURCE CONTROL TECHNIQUES 198
8.3.1 WATER CHEMISTRY FUNDAMENTALS 198
8.3.2 WATER PURIFICATION 201
8.4 CORROSION PROCESSES 203
8.5 RCS OXYGENATION (HYDROGEN PEROXIDE ADDITION AND CRUD BURST
PROMOTION) 205
8.6 TECHNIQUES TO REDUCE SOURCE TERMS 208
8.7 SUMMARY 209
BIBLIOGRAPHY 210
9 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT 211
9.1 OVERVIEW 211
9.2 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING 213
9.2.1 DONNING AND USE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING 216
9.2.2 DOUBLE SETS O F PROTECTIVE CLOTHING 218
9.2.3 DISPOSABLE PROTECTIVE CLOTHING 220
9.2.4 WET WORK PROTECTIVE CLOTHING 221
9.2.5 STAGING AND MAINTENANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING INVENTORIES 223
9.3 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM 225 ,
9.3.1 ELEMENTS OF A RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM . . . . 227
9.3.2 TYPES OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT 228
9.3.3 SELECTION O F RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT. . . . 231
9.3.4 MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION 232
9.3.5 TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION 233
9.4 PORTABLE AIR FILTRATION UNITS 235
9.5 TEMPORARY SHIELDING 238
9.6 SUMMARY 243
BIBLIOGRAPHY 244
10 PERSONNEL DOSIMETRY (MONITORING O F PERSONNEL EXPOSURES AND BIOASSAY
PROGRAMS) 245
10.1 OVERVIEW. . 245
10.2 DOSE LIMITS 246
10.3 PERSONNEL MONITORING DEVICES 248
10.3.1 PRIMARY DOSIMETERS 249
10.3.2 THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETERS 250
10.3.3 FILM BADGES 255
10.3.4 OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE DOSIMETERS . . . 256
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS XIII
10.4 ACCREDITATION OF PERSONNEL DOSIMETRY MEASUREMENT
PROGRAMS 257
10.5 ELECTRONIC DOSIMETERS 259
10.6 TELEDOSIMETERS 263
10.7 EXTREMITY AND MULTI-BADGES 266
10.8 SECONDARY DOSIMETERS 269
10.9 INTERNAL DOSIMETRY AND BIOASSAY PROGRAMS 270
10.9.1 WHOLE-BODY COUNTING 273
10.9.2 WHOLE BODY COUNTING SYSTEMS 274
10.9.3 INTERPRETATION AND EVALUATION O F WHOLE-BODY COUNTING RESULTS 278
10.9.4 CALIBRATION O F WHOLE-BODY COUNTERS 281
10.9.5 PASSIVE WHOLE-BODY COUNTING 283
10.9.6 URINE ANALYSIS 284
10.10 SUMMARY 285
BIBLIOGRAPHY 286
11 RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY AND MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION 289
11.1 OVERVIEW 289
11.2 IONIZATION DETECTOR RADIATION SURVEY INSTRUMENTS 290
11.3 GEIGER-MUELLER DETECTOR SURVEY INSTRUMENTS 293
11.4 NEUTRON RADIATION SURVEY INSTRUMENTS 296
11.5 CONTAMINATION SURVEY INSTRUMENTS 300
11.6 SODIUM IODIDE DETECTOR SURVEY INSTRUMENTS 304
11.7 INSTRUMENT SOURCE RESPONSE CHECKS 305
11.8 LABORATORY COUNTING EQUIPMENT 306
11.9 AREA RADIATION MONITORS 311
11.9.1 INSTALLED AREA RADIATION MONITORS 311
11.10 PORTABLE AREA RADIATION MONITORS 314
11.11 AIR SAMPLING EQUIPMENT 315
11.12 CONTINUOUS AIR MONITORS 318
11.12.1 INSTALLED CONTINUOUS AIR MONITORS 318
11.12.2 PORTABLE CONTINUOUS AIR MONITORS 320
11.13 SUMMARY 324
BIBLIOGRAPHY 325
APPENDIX A. . 327
APPENDIX B 329
APPENDIX C 331
IMAGE 6
XIV CONTENTS
APPENDIX D 337
APPENDIX E 347
APPENDIX F 349
INDEX 361 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
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| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.4835 |
| dewey-search | 621.4835 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.4835 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Physik Energietechnik |
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| spellingShingle | Prince, Robert Radiation protection at light water reactors Leichtwasserreaktor (DE-588)4127706-5 gnd Strahlenschutz (DE-588)4057826-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4127706-5 (DE-588)4057826-4 |
| title | Radiation protection at light water reactors |
| title_auth | Radiation protection at light water reactors |
| title_exact_search | Radiation protection at light water reactors |
| title_full | Radiation protection at light water reactors Robert Prince |
| title_fullStr | Radiation protection at light water reactors Robert Prince |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiation protection at light water reactors Robert Prince |
| title_short | Radiation protection at light water reactors |
| title_sort | radiation protection at light water reactors |
| topic | Leichtwasserreaktor (DE-588)4127706-5 gnd Strahlenschutz (DE-588)4057826-4 gnd |
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