Handbook of lipid bilayers:
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Boca Raton [u.a.]
CRC Press
2013
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XXVII, 1145 S. graph. Darst. |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Marsh, Derek |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1031679154 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Handbook of lipid bilayers |c Derek Marsh |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Boca Raton [u.a.] |b CRC Press |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XXVII, 1145 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Lipid Bilayers / Handbooks | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lipid Bilayers / Tables | |
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| _version_ | 1804149075158761472 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Handbook of lipid bilayers
Autor: Marsh, Derek
Jahr: 2013
Contents
Brief Content v
Preface to the Second Edition xxi
Preface to the First Edition xxiii
Navigation and Nomenclature xxv
Author xxvii
Section I INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Lipid Classification..........................................................................................3
1.1.1 Chemical Classification............................................................................3
1.1.2 Phase Classification................................................................................4
1.2 Nomenclature of Lipids ....................................................................................7
1.2.1 IUPAC-IUB Recommendations, 1976 ............................................................7
1.2.2 Fatty Acids, Neutral Fats, Long-Chain Alcohols and Long-Chain Bases......................7
1.2.3 Phospholipids......................................................................................12
1.2.4 Glycolipids..........................................................................................15
1.2.5 Abbreviations and Symbols........................................................................19
1.2.6 Nomenclature of Glycolipids......................................................................23
1.3 Fatty Acids ..................................................................................................33
1.3.1 Melting Temperatures, Enthalpies, and Entropies..............................................33
1.3.2 Formulae, Molecular Weights, Melting Points, and Calorimetric Properties..................35
1.3.2.1 Saturated Fatty Acids................................................................36
1.3.2.2 Monoenoic Unsaturated Fatty Acids................................................37
1.3.2.3 Dienoic Unsaturated Fatty Acids....................................................39
1.3.2.4 Trienoic Unsaturated Fatty Acids....................................................40
1.3.2.5 Tetraenoic Unsaturated Fatty Acids ................................................41
1.3.2.6 Pentaenoic and Hexaenoic Unsaturated Fatty Acids................................41
1.3.2.7 Branched-Chain Fatty Acids..........................................................42
Section II PHOSPHOLIPIDS 43
II. 1 Phospholipid Classification and Molecular Weights ......................................................45
II. 1.1 Classification........................................................................................45
II. 1.2 Classification Scheme for Phosphoglycerolipids and Phosphosphingolipids....................48
II. 1.3 Molecular Weights of Phospholipids..............................................................55
II.2 Fatty Acid Composition of Naturally Occurring Phospholipids ........................................99
II.2.1 Animal Tissues ....................................................................................100
11.2.1.1 Phosphatidylcholine ..................................................................100
11.2.1.2 Lysophosphatidylcholine..............................................................104
11.2.1.3 Phosphatidylethanolamine............................................................104
11.2.1.4 Phosphatidylserine....................................................................107
11.2.1.5 Phosphatide Acid ....................................................................108
11.2.1.6 Diphosphatidylglycerol (Cardiolipin)................................................108
vii
viii Content
11.2.1.7 Phosphatidylinositol..................................................................109
11.2.1.8 Di- and Triphosphoinositide..........................................................110
11.2.1.9 Sphingomyelin..........................................................................110
11.2.2 Animal Organelles and Membranes..............................................................Ill
II.2.2.1 Phosphatidylcholine ..................................................................Ill
II. 2.2.2 Lyso phosphatidylcholine..............................................................114
11.2.2.3 Phosphatidylethanolamine............................................................114
11.2.2.4 Lysophosphatidylethanolamine ......................................................116
11.2.2.5 Phosphatidylglycerol..................................................................117
11.2.2.6 Phosphatidylserine....................................................................117
11.2.2.7 Phosphatide Acid ....................................................................118
11.2.2.8 Diphosphatidylglycerol (Cardiolipin)................................................118
11.2.2.9 Phosphatidylinositol..................................................................119
II. 2.2.10 Sphingomyelin..........................................................................121
11.2.3 Plant Tissues........................................................................................122
11.2.3.1 Phosphatidylcholine ..................................................................122
11.2.3.2 Phosphatidylethanolamine............................................................123
11.2.3.3 Phosphatidylglycerol..................................................................124
11.2.3.4 Phosphatidylserine....................................................................125
11.2.3.5 Phosphatidic Acid ......................................................................125
11.2.3.6 Diphosphatidylglycerol (Cardiolipin)................................................125
11.2.3.7 Phosphatidylinositol..................................................................126
11.2.4 Algae and Protozoa................................................................................127
11.2.4.1 Phosphatidylcholine ..................................................................127
11.2.4.2 Phosphatidylethanolamine............................................................128
11.2.4.3 Phosphonoethanolamine..............................................................129
11.2.4.4 Phosphatidylglycerol..................................................................130
11.2.4.5 Phosphatidic Acid ....................................................................130
11.2.4.6 Diphosphatidylglycerol (Cardiolipin)................................................131
11.2.4.7 Phosphatidylinositol..................................................................131
11.2.5 Fungi................................................................................................131
11.2.5.1 Phosphatidylcholine ..................................................................131
11.2.5.2 Phosphatidylethanolamine............................................................132
11.2.6 Procaryotes ........................................................................................132
11.2.6.1 Phosphatidylcholine ..................................................................132
11.2.6.2 Phosphatidylethanolamine............................................................132
11.2.6.3 Phosphatidylglycerol..................................................................133
11.2.6.4 Diphosphatidylglycerol (Cardiolipin)................................................133
11.2.7 Fatty Acid Composition of Membrane Lipids from the Yeast Lipidome......................134
11.2.8 Fatty Acid Composition of Membrane Lipids from the Lipidome of Madin-Darby Canine
Kidney Cells.................... ................................................139
11.3 Physicochemical Properties of Phospholipids ............................................................149
11.3.1 Phosphatidylcholines..............................................................................150
11.3.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines..........................................................................151
11.3.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines........................................................................151
11.3.4 Phosphonoethanolamines..........................................................................152
11.3.5 TV-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines......................................................152
11.3.6 Phosphatidylglycerols..............................................................................153
11.3.7 Phosphatidic Acids................................................................................153
11.3.8 Phosphatidylserines................................................................................153
11.3.9 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins) ..........................................................154
11.3.10 Phosphatidylinositols..............................................................................154
11.3.11 Sphingomyelins ....................................................................................155
11.4 Phospholipid pK0s ..........................................................................................157
11.4.1 Phospholipid Headgroup Constituents............................................................158
11.4.2 Phosphatidylcholines..............................................................................158
Content ix
11.4.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines........................................................................159
11.4.4 Phosphatidylglycerols..............................................................................159
11.4.5 Phosphatidylserines................................................................................160
11.4.6 Phosphatide Acids................................................................................160
11.4.7 Methyl Phosphatidic Acids........................................................................161
11.4.8 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins) ..........................................................161
11.4.9 Phosphatidylinositol (Phosphates)................................................................162
11.4.10 Ceramide Phosphates..............................................................................162
11.5 Crystal Structures of Phospholipids ......................................................................165
11.5.1 Crystal Parameters................................................................................166
11.5.2 Hydrocarbon Chain Packing Modes..............................................................167
11.5.3 Torsion Angles......................................................................................170
11.5.4 Head-Group Orientations/Contacts..............................................................174
11.5.5 Atomic Coordinates (including bond lengths, angles and torsions)............................175
11.5.5.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................175
11.5.5.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................191
11.5.5.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................196
11.5.5.4 Lysophosphatidylethanolamines......................................................204
11.5.5.5 Dimethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines................................................210
11.5.5.6 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................216
11.5.5.7 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................224
11.5.5.8 Lysophosphatic Acids..................................................................232
11.5.5.9 Diacylglycerols........................................................................248
11.6 Phase Behavior and Hydration ............................................................................259
11.6.1 Lipid-Water Phase Diagrams......................................................................259
11.6.1.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................260
11.6.1.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................265
11.6.1.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................267
11.6.1.4 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................269
11.6.1.5 Sphingomyelin..........................................................................270
11.6.1.6 Natural Lipid Mixtures................................................................270
11.6.2 Water Adsorption Isotherms......................................................................271
11.6.2.1 Fitting Parameters for Adsorption/Desorption Isotherms..........................272
11.6.2.1.1 Phosphatidylcholines....................................................272
11.6.2.1.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines............................................273
11.6.2.1.3 Phosphatidylglycerols ..................................................273
11.6.2.1.4 Phosphatidylserines......................................................273
11.6.2.1.5 Phosphatidic Acids......................................................273
11.6.2.1.6 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins)................................274
11.6.2.1.7 Sphingomyelins..........................................................274
11.6.2.2 Collected Isotherms....................................................................274
11.6.2.2.1 Phosphatidylcholines....................................................274
11.6.2.2.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ..............................................285
11.6.2.2.3 Ethylphosphatidylcholines..............................................286
11.6.2.2.4 Phosphatidylethanolamines............................................286
11.6.2.2.5 Phosphatidylglycerols ..................................................289
11.6.2.2.6 Phosphatidylserine......................................................290
11.6.2.2.7 Lysophosphatidylserine..................................................291
11.6.2.2.8 Phosphatidic Acid ......................................................291
11.6.2.2.9 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins)................................293
11.6.2.2.10 Sphingomyelins..........................................................293
II. 7 Calorimetric Data ..........................................................................................297
11.7.1 Thermotropic Transitions..........................................................................297
11.7.2 Chain-Length Dependence: Incremental Quantities and End Effects.............297
II. 7.3 Phosphoglycero lipids..............................................................................305
II. 7.3.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................305
x Content
11.7.3.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................326
11.7.3.3 Phosphatidyl Trimethylalkanolamines ..............................................327
11.7.3.4 Phosphono Trimethylalkylamines......................... . 327
11.7.3.5 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................327
II. 7.3.6 Lysophosphatidylethanolamines......................................................337
11.7.3.7 Phosphatidylalkanolamines............................................................337
11.7.3.8 Phosphonoalkylamines................................................................338
11.7.3.9 iV-Monomethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines........................................339
11.7.3.10 iV-Monomethyl Phosphatidylalkanolamines ........................................340
11.7.3.11 Phosphono iV - M o no m et hy 1 alky 1 am i nes..............................................340
11.7.3.12 iV,iV-Dimethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................340
11.7.3.13 TV,TV-Dimethyl Phosphatidylalkanolamines..........................................341
11.7.3.14 Phosphono iV,jV-Dimethylalkylamines ..............................................342
11.7.3.15 AT-Acyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..................................................342
11.7.3.16 iV-Biotinyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..............................................342
11.7.3.17 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................343
II. 7.3.18 (9-Lysyl Phosphatidylglycerols........................................................349
II. 7.3.19 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................350
11.7.3.20 TV-Methyl Phosphatidylserines........................................................353
11.7.3.21 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................354
11.7.3.22 O-Alkyl Phosphatidic Acids . ........................................................356
11.7.3.23 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins)..............................................356
11.7.3.24 Phosphatidyl(Diacyl)Glycerols........................................................356
11.7.3.25 Phosphatidylinositols..................................................................357
11.7.4 Phosphosphingolipids..............................................................................357
II.7.4.1 Sphingomyelins........................................................................357
11.7.5 Heat Capacities/Specific Heats....................................................................359
11.7.5.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................359
11.7.5.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines ..........................................................360
11.7.5.3 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................361
II.8 X-Ray Diffraction Data ....................................................................................373
11.8.1 Long Spacings (low-angle reflections, SAXS)....................................................373
11.8.1.1 Lamellar Phases: LßLß and La......................................................373
11.8.1.2 Interdigitated Phases: Lß and L™1..........................374
11.8.1.3 Pß Phase: oblique unit cell..........................................................374
11.8.1.4 Nonlamellar Phases: Ha and Qa...........................375
11.8.2 Short Spacings (wide-angle reflections, WAXS)..................................................375
11.8.3 X-Ray Diffraction Parameters for Different Symmetry Systems................................377
11.8.4 Dimensional Parameters for Lipid-Water Systems..............................................378
11.8.5 Electron Density Profiles..........................................................................378
11.8.5.1 Phosphatidylcholines......................................................380
11.8.5.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................383
11.8.5.3 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................384
11.8.6 Chain-Length Dependence of Long Spacings....................................................384
11.8.7 Collected Data (WAXS): Short Spacings........................................................385
11.8.7.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................389
11.8.7.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................395
11.8.7.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................395
11.8.7.4 iV-Methyl Phosphatidylethanolamines ..............................................397
11.8.7.5 A^iV-Dimethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................397
11.8.7.6 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................397
11.8.7.7 O-Lysyl Phosphatidylglycerols........................................................398
11.8.7.8 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................398
11.8.7.9 iV-Methyl Phosphatidylserines........................................................399
11.8.7.10 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................400
11.8.7.11 O-Methyl Phosphatidic Acid..........................................................400
Content xi
11.8.7.12 Diphosphatidylglycerols (cardiolipins) ..............................................401
11.8.7.13 Phosphatidyl(Diacyl)Glycerols........................................................401
11.8.7.14 Sphingomyelins........................................................................401
II.8.8 Collected Data (SAXS): Long Spacings..........................................................401
11.8.8.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................402
11.8.8.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................416
11.8.8.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines ..........................................................416
11.8.8.4 TV-Monomethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines........................................421
11.8.8.5 iV,./V-Dimethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................422
11.8.8.6 Phosphatidylalkanolamines............................................................422
11.8.8.7 7V-Biotinyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..............................................423
11.8.8.8 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................423
11.8.8.9 O-Lysyl Phosphatidylglycerols........................................................425
11.8.8.10 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................425
11.8.8.11 iV-Methyl Phosphatidylserines........................................................428
11.8.8.12 Phosphatidic, Acids............................................428
11.8.8.13 O-Methyl Phosphatidic Acid..........................................................429
11.8.8.14 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins)..............................................429
11.8.8.15 Phosphatidyl(Diacyl)Glycerols........................................................429
11.8.8.16 Sphingomyelins........................................................................430
II.9 Densitometrie Data ........................................................................................437
11.9.1 Partial Specific and Partial Molar Volumes......................................................437
11.9.2 Volumetrie Changes at the Phase Transition....................................................437
II.9.2.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................438
II. 9.2.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................441
11.9.2.3 JV-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................442
11.9.2.4 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................442
11.9.2.5 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................442
11.9.3 Temperature Coefficients of Expansion..........................................................443
11.9.3.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................443
11.9.3.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................445
11.9.3.3 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................445
11.9.3.4 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................446
11.9.4 Chain-Length Dependence of Partial Molar Volumes ..........................................446
11.9.4.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................447
11.9.4.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................447
11.9.4.3 ra-Alkanes.......:..............................................................447
11.9.5 Volumes of Constituent Molecular Groups......................................................448
11.9.5.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................448
11.9.5.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................449
11.9.5.3 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................450
11.9.5.4 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................450
11.9.5.5 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................451
11.9.5.6 Sphingomyelins........................................................................451
11.9.6 Molecular Volumes in Lipid Crystals ............................................................451
11.9.6.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................451
11.9.6.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................452
11.9.6.3 N-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................452
11.9.6.4 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................452
11.9.6.5 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................452
11.9.6.6 Diacylglycerols........................................................................453
11.9.7 Collected Data: Phospholipid Partial Specific Volumes and Partial Molar Volumes.....453
11.9.7.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................453
11.9.7.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................458
11.9.7.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................458
11.9.7.4 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................461
xii Content
11.9.7.5 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................461
11.9.7.6 Phosphatide Acids....................................................................461
11.9.7.7 0-Methyl Phosphatidic Acids........................................................461
11.9.7.8 Sphingomyelins........................................................................462
ILIO Elastic Constants..............................................467
II. 10.1 Bulk (Volume) Compressibility Modulus........................................................469
ILIO.1.1 Isothermal Bulk Modulus ............................................................469
II.10.1.2 Adiabatic Bulk Modulus...............................469
11.10.2 Isothermal Area Compressibility Modulus........................................................470
11.10.3 Isothermal Thickness Compressibility Modulus..................................................472
11.10.4 Curvature (Bending) Elastic Moduli...............................473
II. 10.4.1 Mean Curvature Modulus..............................473
II. 10.4.2 Gaussian Curvature Modulus........................................................477
11.11 Dynamic Properties ........................................................................................481
11.11.1 Lateral Diffusion Coefficients...................................481
II. 11.1.1 Phosphatidylcholines.................................483
11.11.1.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................486
11.11.1.3 Phosphatidylglycerols.................................487
11.11.1.4 Sphingomyelins....................................488
II. 11.1.5 Phosphatidylcholine-Cholesterol- Mixtures.....................489
II.11.1.6 Sphingomyelin-Cholesterol Mixtures........................491
11.11.2 Transverse Diffusion (Flip-Flop).................................492
II.11.2.1 Phosphatidylcholine .................................494
II. 11.2.2 w-aminoNBD-Acyl Phospholipids....................................................494
II. 11.2.3 sn-2-BODIPY Phospholipids in Phosphatidylcholine..............................495
II. 11.2.4 cj-Pyrenyl-Acyl Phospholipids in Phosphatidylcholine..............................495
11.11.2.5 N-NBD Phosphatidylethanolamine in Phosphatidylcholine........................496
II. 11.2.6 Phosphatidylcholine-, Sphingomyelin-Cholesterol..................................498
II. 11.2.7 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylethanolamine....................................500
11.11.2.8 Phosphatidylglycerol..................................................................501
11.11.2.9 Phosphatidic Acid ....................................................................502
II. 11.3 Rotational Diffusion................................................................................503
II. 11.3.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................506
II. 11.3.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines ..........................................................529
II.11.3.3 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................533
II. 11.3.4 Sphingomyelin..........................................................................534
11.12 Phase Transition Temperatures............................................................................539
11.12.1 Chain and Headgroup Dependence of Transition Temperatures................................539
11.12.2 Phosphoglycerolipids..............................................................................548
II.12.2.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................548
II. 12.2.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines .........*..........................................558
11.12.2.3 Phosphatidyl Trimethylalkanolamines ..............................................558
11.12.2.4 Phosphono Trimethylalkylamines....................................................559
11.12.2.5 Phosphatidylethanolamines ..........................................................559
11.12.2.6 Lysophosphatidylethanolamines......................................................564
11.12.2.7 Phosphatidylalkanolamines............................................................564
II. 12.2.8 Phosphono Alkylamines..............................................................565
11.12.2.9 iV-Monomethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines........................................566
11.12.2.10 iV-Monomethyl Phosphatidylalkanolamines ........................................566
11.12.2.11 Phosphono AT-Monomethylalkylamines..............................................566
11.12.2.12 N,N-Dimethyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................567
11.12.2.13 TVjiV-Dimethyl Phosphatidylalkanolamines..........................................567
11.12.2.14 Phosphono ./V,iV-Dimethylalky lamines ..............................................567
II. 12.2.15 yV-Acyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..................................................568
11.12.2.16 iV-Biotinyl Phosphatidylethanolamines..............................................568
11.12.2.17 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................569
Content xiii
11.12.2.18 O-Lysyl Phosphatidylglycerols........................................................572
11.12.2.19 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................572
11.12.2.20 7V-Methyl Phosphatidylserines........................................................574
11.12.2.21 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................575
11.12.2.22 O-Alkyl Phosphatidic Acids..........................................................575
11.12.2.23 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins)..............................................576
II. 12.2.24 Phosphatidyl(Diacyl)Glycerols........................................................576
11.12.2.25 Phosphatidylinositols..................................................................577
11.12.3 Phosphosphingolipids..............................................................................577
II. 12.3.1 Sphingomyelins........................................................................577
II.12.3.2 Ceramide Phosphoethanolamines....................................................577
II. 12.3.3 Ceramide Phosphates..................................................................578
11.12.3.4 Sphingosine-l-Phosphate..............................................................578
11.12.4 Pressure Dependence of the Transition Temperature ..........................................578
11.12.4.1 Phosphatidylcholines............................................................579
11.12.4.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines ..........................................................589
11.12.4.3 TV-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................591
11.12.4.4 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................592
11.12.4.5 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................593
II. 12.4.6 n-Alkanes..............................................................................593
11.13 Phase Diagrams: Binary and Ternary Mixtures ..........................................................601
II. 13.1 Miscibility of Binary Lipid Mixtures..............................................................601
11.13.1.1 Phosphatidylcholine-Containing Mixtures ..........................................601
11.13.1.2 Phosphatidylethanolamine-Containing Mixtures....................................605
11.13.1.3 Phosphatidylglycerol-Containing Mixtures..........................................607
11.13.1.4 Phosphatidylserine-Containing Mixtures............................................607
11.13.1.5 Phosphatidic Acid-Containing Mixtures ............................................608
II. 13.1.6 Cholesterol Solubility in Bilayers....................................................608
11.13.2 Phase Diagrams of Binary Lipid Mixtures ......................................................608
II. 13.2.1 Ideal Mixing............................................................................609
11.13.2.2 Regular Solutions......................................................................611
II. 13.2.3 Non-Ideality (Interaction) Parameters for Binary Lipid Mixtures........614
11.13.2.4 Pairwise Interaction Energies........................................................622
II. 13.3 Collected Binary Phase Diagrams for Phospholipids............................................623
11.13.3.1 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylcholine: Symmetrical Saturated Chains . . . 623
II. 13.3.2 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylcholine: Symmetrical Unsaturated Chains . . 642
II. 13.3.3 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylcholine: Mixed Saturated Chains.......646
II. 13.3.4 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylcholine: Mixed Unsaturated Chains............654
II. 13.3.5 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylcholine: Branched Chains...........660
II. 13.3.6 Phosphatidylethanolamine-Phosphatidylethanolamine: Symmetrical Chains . . 663
II. 13.3.7 Phosphatidylethanolamine- Phosphatidylethanolamine: Mixed Chains............667
II.13.3.8 Phosphatidylglycerol-Phosphatidylglycerol..........................................670
II. 13.3.9 Phosphatidic Acid-Phosphatidic Acid ..............................................671
11.13.3.10 Sphingomyelin-Sphingomyelin........................................................673
11.13.3.11 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylethanolamine....................................673
11.13.3.12 Phosphatidylcholine-(Ar-Methyl)Phosphatidylethanolamine........................688
11.13.3.13 Phosphatidylcholine- (N,/V-Dimethyl)Phosphatidylethanolamine..................689
11.13.3.14 Phosphatidylcholine (TV-Acyl)Phosphatidylethanolamine.............690
11.13.3.15 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylglycerol..........................................691
11.13.3.16 Phosphatidylcholine -Phosphatidylserine............................................695
11.13.3.17 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidic Acid ............................................699
11.13.3.18 Phosphatidylcholine^ 0-Methyl)Phosphatidic Acid................................704
11.13.3.19 Phosphatidylcholine-Sphingomyelin..................................................705
11.13.3.20 Phosphatidylethanolamine-(JV-Methyl)Phosphatidylethanolamine................710
11.13.3.21 Phosphatidylethanolamine-(jV,jV-Dimethyl)Phosphatidylethanolamine..........710
11.13.3.22 Phosphatidylethanolamine-Phosphatidylglycerol ..................................711
xiv Content
II. 13.3.23 Phosphatidylethanolamine-Phosphatidic Acid......................................714
II. 13.3.24 Phosphatidylethanolarnirie Phosphatidylserine......................................715
II.13.3.25 (#-Methyl)Phosphatidylethanolamine~Phosphatidylserine........................716
II. 13.3.26 (./VjiV-Dimethy^Phosphatidylethanolamine-Phosphatidylserine ..................717
II. 13.3.27 Phosphatidylglycerol-Phosphatidic Acid............................................717
II. 13.4 Phase Diagrams of Binary Phospholipid-Cholesterol Mixtures................................718
II. 13.4.1 Phosphatidylcholine-Cholesterol......................................................718
II. 13.4.2 Phosphatidylethanolamine-Cholesterol..............................................730
II. 13.4.3 Phosphatidylserine-Cholesterol........ ......................................732
II. 13.4.4 Sphingomyelin-Cholesterol............................................................732
II. 13.5 Phase Diagrams of Ternary Phospholipid-Cholesterol Mixtures ..............................734
II. 13.5.1 Ternary Phase Diagrams...............................734
II.13.5.2 Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylcholine Cholesterol..............................736
II. 13.5.3 Phosphatidylcholine Sphingomyelin-Cholesterol....................................750
11.13.6 Phase Diagrams of Binary Phospholipid Diacylglycerol Mixtures..............................758
II. 13.6.1 Phosphatidylcholine-Diacylglycerol..................................................758
II. 13.6.2 Phosphatidylseiiiui-Diacy lglycerol....................................................759
11.14 Non-Lamellar Phases (Hexagonal and Cubic) ............................................................767
II. 14.1 Lipid Polymorphism................................................................................767
II. 14.2 Lamellar-Nonlamellar Transitions................................................................767
II.14.3 Lamellar-Nonlamellar Transition Temperatures and Calorimetric Properties................768
II. 14.3.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................768
II. 14.3.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................768
II. 14.3.3 N-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................772
II. 14.3.4 Phosphatidylalkanolamines............................................................772
II. 14.3.5 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................772
II. 14.3.6 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................773
II. 14.3.7 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................773
II. 14.4 Structure of Inverse (and Normal) Hexagonal Phases..........................................773
II. 14.4.1 Inverse Hexagonal Phases............................................................774
II. 14.4.2 Normal Hexagonal Phases............................................................775
11.14.5 X-Ray Diffraction Data and Cylinder Diameters for H» (and Hi) Phases....................776
II. 14.5.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................776
II. 14.5.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................776
II. 14.5.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................777
II. 14.5.4 iV-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................784
11.14.5.5 Phosphatidylalkanolamines............................................................785
11.14.5.6 Phosphatidylglycerols.................................785
11.14.5.7 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................785
11.14.5.8 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................786
11.14.5.9 Diphosphatidylglycerols (Cardiolipins) t..............................................786
11.14.5.10 O-Acyl Diphosphatidylglycerol......................................................787
11.14.5.11 Phosphatidyl(Diacyl)Glycerols............................787
II. 14.6 Structure of Cubic Phases ........................................................................787
II. 14.6.1 Bicontinuous Cubic Phases............................................................788
II.14.6.2 Discontinuous (Micellar) Cubic Phases..............................................790
11.14.7 X-Ray Diffraction Data for Inverse (Qn), and Normal (Qi), Cubic Phases..........791
II. 14.7.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................791
II.14.7.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................792
II. 14.7.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines ..........................................................792
11.14.7.4 TV-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................793
11.14.7.5 Lipid Mixtures ........................................................................793
II. 14.8 Pivotal Surface and Spontaneous Curvature ....................................................794
11.14.8.1 Pivotal Surfaces in Inverse Hexagonal (Hn) Phases................................794
II.14.8.1.1 Phosphatidylethanolamines............................................795
II. 14.8.1.2 Lipid Mixtures ..........................................................797
Content xv
11.14.8.2 Pivotal Surfaces in Inverse Bicontinuous Cubic Phases.............. 797
II.14.8.2.1 Monoacylglycerols ........................... 798
II. 14.8.2.2 Lipid Mixtures..........................................................798
II. 14.9 Osmotic Stress and Spontaneous Curvature........................... 799
II.14.9.1 Phosphatidylcholines................................. 800
II. 14.9.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines ............................. 800
II. 14.9.3 Phosphatidylserines.................................. 803
11.15 Critical Micelle Concentrations and Lipid Transfer ........................... 809
II.15.1 Self Assembly........................................... 809
II. 15.2 Thermodynamics of Lipid Transfer............................... 809
11.15.2.1 Phosphatidylcholines................................. 810
II. 15.2.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................810
11.15.2.3 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................811
II. 15.2.4 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................811
II.15.2.5 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................811
11.15.3 Temperature Dependepce of Transfer Equilibrium..............................................811
11.15.3.1 n-Alkanes..............................................................................812
11.15.3.2 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................812
II. 15.3.3 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................812
11.15.3.4 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................813
11.15.3.5 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................813
11.15.3.6 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................813
11.15.4 Chain-Length Dependence of Transfer Equilibrium ............................................813
11.15.5 Critical Micelle Concentrations....................................................................816
11.15.5.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................816
11.15.5.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................818
11.15.5.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................819
11.15.5.4 Lysophosphatidylethanolamines......................................................820
11.15.5.5 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................820
II. 15.5.6 Lysophosphatidylglycerols............................................................820
II. 15.5.7 Phosphatidylserines....................................................................821
11.15.5.8 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................821
11.15.5.9 DOXYL-Labelled Phospholipids (Various)..........................................821
11.15.5.10 Sphingolipids..........................................................................822
II. 15.6 Lipid Transfer Rates ..............................................................................822
11.15.6.1 Temperature Dependence and Activation Parameters..............................822
II.15.6.1.1 Phosphatidylcholines....................................................824
II. 15.6.1.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines............................................825
11.15.6.1.3 iV-(S-Bimanylmercaptosuccinyl) Phosphatidylethanolamines .... 825
11.15.6.1.4 7V-NBD Phosphatidylethanolamine....................................826
11.15.6.1.5 iV-NBD Lysophosphatidylethanolamine ..............................826
II. 15.6.1.6 Phosphatidylglycerols ..................................................827
II. 15.6.1.7 Phosphatidic Acids......................................................827
II. 15.6.1.8 O-Alkyl Phosphatidic Acids............................................828
II.15.6.1.9 Sphingomyelins..........................................................828
11.15.6.2 Chain-Length Dependence of Activation Parameters..............................829
11.15.6.2.1 Phosphatidylcholines....................................................829
11.15.6.2.2 AT-(S-Bimanylrnercaptosuccinyl) Phosphatidylethanolamines .... 830
11.15.6.3 Rate Constants and Activation Energies............................................830
II. 15.6.3.1 Phosphatidylcholines....................................................830
II. 15.6.3.2 Phosphatidylethanolamines............................................832
II. 15.6.3.3 Af-(S -Bimanylmercaptosuccinyl) Phosphatidylethanolamines .... 832
II.15.6.3.4 AT-NBD Phosphatidylethanolamine....................................833
II. 15.6.3.5 7V-NBD Lysophosphatidylethanolamine ..............................833
II. 15.6.3.6 Phosphatidylglycerols ..................................................834
II.15.6.3.7 Phosphatidylserines......................................................834
xvi Content
II. 15.6.3.8 Phosphatidic Acids......................................................834
II. 15.6.3.9 O-Alkyl Phosphatidic Acids............................................835
II. 15.6.3.10 Phosphatidyl Polyalkanols..............................................835
II.15.6.3.11 Sphingomyelins..........................................................836
11.16 Bilayer-Bilayer Interactions ................................................................................839
11.16.1 Components of the Interbilayer Pressure........................................................842
II.16.1.1 Phosphatidylcholines..................................................................842
II. 16.1.2 Lysophosphatidylcholines ............................................................844
11.16.1.3 Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................................845
11.16.1.4 ^-Methylated Phosphatidylethanolamines..........................................845
II. 16.1.5 Phosphatidylglycerols..................................................................846
11.16.1.6 Phosphat idylserines....................................................................847
11.16.1.7 Lysophosphatidylserines..............................................................848
11.16.1.8 Phosphatidic Acids....................................................................848
11.16.1.9 Sphingomyelins........................................................................848
11.16.1.10 Monoacylglycerols......................................................................849
11.16.2 Compression Modulus for Bilayer Interactions..................................................849
11.17 Ion-Binding Constants......................................................................................853
II. 17.1 Phosphatidylglycerol..............................................................................854
II.17.2 Phosphatidylserine ......................................................................855
II. 17.3 Phosphatidic Acid..................................................................................856
II. 17.4 Diphosphatidylglycerol (Cardiolipin) ............................................................856
11.17.5 Phosphatidylinositol................................................................................857
11.17.6 Phosphatidylinositol Bisphosphate................................................................857
II. 17.7 Phosphatidylcholine................................................................................857
II.17.8 Phosphatidylethanolamine........................................................................859
Section III GLYCOLIPIDS 861
III. 1 Glycolipid Classification and Molecular Weights ........................................................863
III. 1.1 Classification........................................................................................863
III. 1.2 Classification Scheme for Glycoglycerolipids and Glycosphingolipids..........................870
III. 1.3 Molecular Weights of Glycolipids ................................................................873
111.1.3.1 Glycoglycerolipids......................................................................878
111.1.3.2 Neutral Glycosphingolipids and Sulphatides........................................882
III. 1.3.3 Sialosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ....................................................883
III.2 Fatty Acid Composition of Naturally Occurring Glycolipids............................................885
III.2.1 Glycoglycerolipids..................................................................................885
111.2.1.1 Animal Tissues........................................................................885
III.2.1.1.1 Monoglycosyldiacylglycerol ............................................885
III.2.1.1.2 Sulphoglycodiacylglycerol (Glycodiacylglycerol Sulphate)......885
111.2.1.2 Plant Tissues..........................................................................887
111.2.1.2.1 Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol..........................................887
111.2.1.2.2 Digalactosyldiacylglycerol..............................................888
111.2.1.2.3 Trigalactosyldiacylglycerol..............................................890
111.2.1.2.4 Acylgalactosyldiacylglycerol............................................890
111.2.1.2.5 Siilphoquinovosyldiacylglycerols........................................891
111.2.1.3 Algae....................................................................................892
111.2.1.3.1 Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol..........................................892
111.2.1.3.2 Digalactosyldiacylglycerol..............................................893
111.2.1.3.3 Trigalactosyldiacylglycerol..............................................894
111.2.1.3.4 Acylgalactosyldiacylglycerol............................................894
111.2.1.3.5 Sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol........................................895
111.2.1.4 Procaryotes............................................................................896
111.2.1.4.1 Monoglycosyldiacylglycerol ............................................896
111.2.1.4.2 Diosyldiacylglycerol......................................................897
Content
xvii
111.2.1.4.3 Triaosyldiacylglycerol ..................................................899
111.2.1.4.4 Tetraosyldiacylglycerol..................................................900
111.2.1.4.5 Sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol........................................900
III.2.1.5 Positional Distribution................................................................900
111.2.2 Glycosphingolipids..................................................................................901
111.2.2.1 Monoglycosylceramides (Cerebrosides)..............................................901
111.2.2.2 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides)..............................................902
111.2.3 Fatty Acid Composition of Membrane Lipids from the Yeast Lipidome...........903
111.2.4 Fatty Acid Composition of Membrane Lipids from the Lipidome of Madin- Darby Canine
Kidney Cells............................................ 903
111.3 Physicochemical Properties of Glycolipids ................................ 907
111.3.1 Glycoglycerolipids..................................................................................907
III. 3.1.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids............................................................907
III. 3.1.2 Diosylglycerolipids....................................................................909
111.3.1.3 Triaosylglycerolipids..................................................................909
III. 3.1.4 Glycuronosylglycerolipids ............................................................910
111.3.2 Glycosphingolipids . ?..............................................................................910
111.3.2.1 Ceramides..............................................................................910
111.3.2.2 Neutral Glycosphingolipids (Cerebrosides)..........................................910
111.3.2.3 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides)..............................................911
111.3.3 Lipid A..............................................................................................911
111.4 Glycolipid pKas..............................................................................................913
111.4.1 Glycolipid Headgroup Constituents..............................................................914
111.4.2 Glucuronosyl Glycerolipids........................................................................914
111.4.3 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides)............................................................914
111.5 Crystal Structures ..........................................................................................915
111.5.1 Crystal Parameters................................................................................916
111.5.2 Hydrocarbon Chain Packing Modes..............................................................917
111.5.3 Torsion Angles......................................................................................920
111.5.4 Atomic Coordinates (including bond lengths, angles and torsions)............................923
111.5.4.1 Monoglycosylceramides (Cerebrosides)..............................................923
111.5.4.2 Glycosphingosines......................................................................942
111.5.4.3 Sphingosines............................................................................947
111.5.4.4 Lipid A ................................................................................952
111.6 Phase Behavior and Hydration ............................................................................959
111.6.1 Neutral Glycoglycerolipids........................................................................959
111.6.2 Sulphoquinovosyl Diacylglycerols ................................................................962
111.6.3 Neutral Glycosphingolipids........................................................................963
111.6.4 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides)..........................................................963
111.6.5 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides)............................................................964
111.7 Calorimetric Data ..........................................................................................967
111.7.1 Thermotropic Transitions..........................................................................967
111.7.2 Chain-Length Dependence: Incremental Quantities and End Effects.............967
111.7.3 Glycoglycerolipids..................................................................................968
111.7.3.1 Monoglycoglycerolipids................................................................968
111.7.3.2 Diosylglycerolipids....................................................................974
111.7.3.3 Triaosylglycerolipids.....................................................975
111.7.3.4 Tetraosylglycerolipids ................................................................976
111.7.3.5 Pentaosylglycerolipids................................................................976
111.7.3.6 Heptaosylglycerolipids................................................................976
111.7.3.7 Glycuronosylglycerolipids ............................................................977
111.7.3.8 Sulphoquinovosylglycerolipids........................................................977
111.7.4 Glycosphingolipids..................................................................................977
111.7.4.1 Monoglycosylceramides (Cerebrosides)..............................................977
111.7.4.2 Diosylceramides........................................................................979
111.7.4.3 Neutral Glycosphingolipids (Natural Sources)......................................979
xviii Content
111.7.4.4 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides).......................979
111.7.4.5 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................982
111.7.5 Lipid A..............................................................................................982
111.7.6 Heat Capacities....................................................................................982
111.8 X-Ray Diffraction Data ....................................................................................985
111.8.1 Long Spacings (low-angle reflections)............................................................985
111.8.2 Short Spacings (wide-angle reflections) ..........................................................986
111.8.3 Chain-Length Dependence of Long Spacings....................................................987
111.8.4 Collected Data (WAXS): Short Spacings.........-......................................988
111.8.4.1 Glycoglycerolipids......................................................................990
111.8.4.1.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids..............................................990
111.8.4.1.2 Diosylglycerolipids......................................................992
111.8.4.1.3 Triaosylglycerolipids....................................................993
111.8.4.1.4 Oligolactosylglycerolipids ..............................................993
111.8.4.1.5 Glycuronosylglycerolipids..............................................993
111.8.4.2 Glycosphingolipids....................................................................994
111.8.4.2.1 Monoglycosylceramides (Cerebrosides)................................994
111.8.4.2.2 Diosylceramides..........................................................994
111.8.4.2.3 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides)................................995
111.8.4.3 Lipopolysaccharide....................................................................995
111.8.5 Collected Data (SAXS): Long Spacings ..........................................................995
111.8.5.1 Glycoglycerolipids......................................................................996
111.8.5.1.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids..............................................996
111.8.5.1.2 O-Methyl-Monoglycosylglycerolipids..................................1003
111.8.5.1.3 Diosylglycerolipids...........................1004
111.8.5.1.4 Triaosylglycerolipids..........................1005
111.8.5.1.5 Tetraosylglycerolipids ..................................................1006
111.8.5.1.6 Pentaosylglycerolipids.........................1006
111.8.5.1.7 Hexaosylglycerolipids..........................1006
111.8.5.1.8 Heptaosylglycerolipids.........................1007
111.8.5.1.9 Glycuronosylglycerolipids.......................1007
111.8.5.2 Glycosphingolipids..................................1007
111.8.5.2.1 Monoglycosylceramides (Cerebrosides)................1007
111.8.5.2.2 Diosylceramides.............................1008
111.8.5.2.3 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides)................1009
111.8.5.2.4 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ................1009
111.8.5.3 Lipopolysaccharide..................................1009
111.9 Densitometrie Data ............................................1015
111.9.1 Partial Specific and Partial Molar Volumes...........................1015
111.9.2 Changes at the Phase Transition.................................1015
111.9.2.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids..............................1016
111.9.2.2 Diosylglycerolipids...........*.......................1016
111.9.2.3 Triaosylglycerolipids.................................1017
111.9.2.4 Glycuronosylglycerolipids ..............................1017
111.9.3 Temperature Coefficients of Expansion..........................................................1017
111.9.3.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids..............................1017
111.9.3.2 Diosylglycerolipids..................................1018
111.9.3.3 Triaosylglycerolipids.................................1018
111.9.3.4 Glycuronosylglycerolipids ..............................1018
111.9.4 Chain-Length Dependence of Partial Molar Volumes ..........................................1019
111.9.5 Volumes of Constituent Molecular Groups...........................1020
111.9.5.1 Glycoglycerolipids...................................1020
111.9.5.2 Glycosphingolipids..................................1021
111.9.6 Molecular Volumes in Lipid Crystals ..............................1022
111.9.6.1 Glycosphingolipids..................................1022
111.9.6.2 Ceramides.......................................1023
Content xix
III.9.6.3 Lipid A ................................................................................1023
III.9.7 Glycolipid Partial Specific Volumes and Partial Molar Volumes...............1023
111.9.7.1 Glycoglycerolipids......................................................................1023
111.9.7.1.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids..............................................1023
111.9.7.1.2 Diosylglycerolipids......................................................1024
111.9.7.1.3 Triaosylglycerolipids....................................................1025
111.9.7.1.4 Glycuronosylglycerolipids..............................................1025
111.9.7.2 Glycosphingolipids....................................................................1025
III. 10 Elastic Constants............................................................................................1027
111.10.1 Adiabatic Bulk (Volume) Modulus ..............................................................1028
111.10.2 Isothermal Area Compressibility Modulus........................................................1028
III. 10.3 Isothermal Thickness Compressibility Modulus..................................................1028
111.10.4 Curvature (Bending) Elastic Modulus............................................................1028
III. 10.4.1 Mean Curvature Modulus............................................................1028
III.10.4.2 Gaussian Curvature Modulus........................................................1029
III. 11 Dynamic Properties .....,............................................................................1031
111.11.1 Lateral Diffusion Coefficients......................................................................1031
III. 11.1.1 Glycoglycerolipids......................................................................1031
111.11.1.2 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1032
111.11.2 Transverse Diffusion (Flip-Flop)..................................................................1032
111.11.3 Rotational Diffusion................................................................................1033
III. 12 Phase Transition Temperatures............................................................................1039
111.12.1 Chain and Head-Group Dependence of Transition Temperatures...............1039
111.12.2 Chain-Length Dependence........................................................................1041
111.12.3 Glycoglycerolipids..................................................................................1041
III. 12.3.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids............................................................1041
III. 12.3.2 Diosylglycerolipids....................................................................1045
111.12.3.3 Triaosylglycerolipids..................................................................1047
111.12.3.4 Tetraosylglycerolipids ................................................................1047
III. 12.3.5 Pentaosylglycerolipids................................................................1047
III.12.3.6 Hexaosylglycerolipids..................................................................1048
III. 12.3.7 Heptaosylglycerolipids................................................................1048
III. 12.3.8 Glycuronosylglycerolipids ............................................................1048
III.12.3.9 Sulphoquinovosylglycerolipids........................................................1049
III. 12.4 Glycosphingolipids..................................................................................1049
111.12.4.1 Monoglycosylceramides (Cerebrosides)..............................................1049
111.12.4.2 Diosylceramides . . . .•................................................................1050
111.12.4.3 Neutral Glycosphingolipids (Natural Sources)......................................1050
III. 12.4.4 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides)..............................................1050
111.12.4.5 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1052
111.12.5 Lipid A...............................................1052
III. 12.6 Pressure Dependence of the Transition Temperature ..........................................1053
III.13 Phase Diagrams: Binary Mixtures ........................................................................1057
III. 13.1 Miscibility of Binary Lipid Mixtures..............................................................1057
111.13.1.1 Glycoglycerolipids......................................................................1057
111.13.1.2 Neutral Glycosphingolipids (Cerebrosides)..........................................1058
III. 13.1.3 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides)..............................................1058
111.13.1.4 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1058
III.13.2 Phase Diagrams of Binary Lipid Mixtures ......................................................1059
111.13.2.1 Phosphatidylcholine-Glycoglycerolipid..............................................1059
111.13.2.2 Phosphatidylethanolainine-Glycoglycerolipid ......................................1060
111.13.2.3 Phosphatidylcholine Cerebroside....................................................1061
111.13.2.4 Phosphatidylcholine Sulphatide......................................................1066
III. 13.2.5 Phosphatidylethanolamine-Sulphatide..............................................1069
III. 13.2.6 Phosphatidylcholine-Ganglioside....................................................1070
III. 13.2.7 Cerebroside-Cholesterol..............................................................1072
xx Content
III. 14 Non-Lamellar Phases (Hexagonal and Cubic) .............................. 1075
III. 14.1 Lipid Polymorphism................................................................................1075
111.14.2 Lamellar-Nonlamellar Transitions................................................................1076
III. 14.3 Lamellar-Nonlamellar Transition Temperatures and Calorimetric Properties........1076
III.14.3.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids............................................................1076
III. 14.3.2 O-Methyl-Monoglycosylglycerolipids................................................1081
III.14.3.3 Diosylglycerolipids....................................................................1081
III. 14.3.4 Heptaosylglycerolipids................................................................1082
III. 14.4 Structure of Inverse (and Normal) Hexagonal Phases..........................................1082
111.14.4.1 Inverse Hexagonal Phases............................................................1083
111.14.4.2 Normal Hexagonal Phases..................................1084
III. 14.5 X-Ray Diffraction Data and Dimensions of Hexagonal Phases . .............................1084
111.14.5.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids............................................................1084
111.14.5.2 O-Methyl-Monoglycosylglycerolipids................................................1089
111.14.5.3 Diosylglycerolipids....................................................................1089
111.14.5.4 Heptaosylglycerolipids................................................................1089
III. 14.5.5 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1089
III. 14.6 Structure of Cubic Phases ........................................................................1090
III. 14.6.1 Bicontinuous Cubic Phases............................................................1091
III.14.6.2 Discontinuous (Micellar) Cubic Phases..............................................1094
III. 14.7 X-Ray Diffraction Data and Dimensions of Cubic Phases......................................1094
111.14.7.1 Monoglycosylglycerolipids............................................................1094
111.14.7.2 Diosylglycerolipids....................................................................1098
111.14.7.3 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1098
III. 14.8 Pivotal Surface and Spontaneous Curvature ....................................................1098
111.14.8.1 Pivotal Surfaces in Inverse Hexagonal (Hn) Phases................................1098
111.14.8.2 Pivotal Surfaces in Bicontinuous Cubic Phases......................................1100
111.15 Critical Micelle Concentrations and Lipid Transfer ......................................................1103
111.15.1 Self Assembly......................................................................................1103
III. 15.1.1 Glycoglycerolipids......................................................................1103
111.15.1.2 Neutral Glycosphingolipids............................................................1104
111.15.1.3 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1104
111.15.2 Lipid Transfer Rates ..............................................................................1104
III. 15.2.1 Neutral Glycosphingolipids............................................................1105
III.15.2.2 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1105
111.16 Bilayer-Bilayer Interactions ................................................................................1107
III. 16.1 Glycoglycerolipids.........................................1108
III. 16.2 Glycosphingolipids..................................................................................1108
111.16.2.1 Monoglycosylceramides (Cerebrosides)..............................................1108
111.16.2.2 Diosylceramides........................................................................1109
III. 16.2.3 Sulphoglycosphingolipids (Sulphatides) . «............................................1109
111.16.2.4 Sialoglycosphingolipids (Gangliosides) ..............................................1110
III. 16.3 Lipopolysaccharide................................................................................1110
111.17 Ion-Binding Constants......................................................................................1113
Index 1115
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Marsh, Derek |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1031679154 |
| author_facet | Marsh, Derek |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Marsh, Derek |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040117412 |
| classification_rvk | WD 5400 WE 5150 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)820372239 (DE-599)BVBBV040117412 |
| discipline | Biologie |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:17:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| physical | XXVII, 1145 S. graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Marsh, Derek Verfasser (DE-588)1031679154 aut Handbook of lipid bilayers Derek Marsh 2. ed. Boca Raton [u.a.] CRC Press 2013 XXVII, 1145 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Lipid Bilayers / Handbooks Lipid Bilayers / Tables Doppelschicht (DE-588)4150451-3 gnd rswk-swf Lipidmembran (DE-588)4167790-0 gnd rswk-swf Lipide (DE-588)4035873-2 gnd rswk-swf Lipide (DE-588)4035873-2 s Doppelschicht (DE-588)4150451-3 s Lipidmembran (DE-588)4167790-0 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024973579&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Marsh, Derek Handbook of lipid bilayers Lipid Bilayers / Handbooks Lipid Bilayers / Tables Doppelschicht (DE-588)4150451-3 gnd Lipidmembran (DE-588)4167790-0 gnd Lipide (DE-588)4035873-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4150451-3 (DE-588)4167790-0 (DE-588)4035873-2 |
| title | Handbook of lipid bilayers |
| title_auth | Handbook of lipid bilayers |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of lipid bilayers |
| title_full | Handbook of lipid bilayers Derek Marsh |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of lipid bilayers Derek Marsh |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of lipid bilayers Derek Marsh |
| title_short | Handbook of lipid bilayers |
| title_sort | handbook of lipid bilayers |
| topic | Lipid Bilayers / Handbooks Lipid Bilayers / Tables Doppelschicht (DE-588)4150451-3 gnd Lipidmembran (DE-588)4167790-0 gnd Lipide (DE-588)4035873-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Lipid Bilayers / Handbooks Lipid Bilayers / Tables Doppelschicht Lipidmembran Lipide |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024973579&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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