Verfügbarkeit: Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek

Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Todorovski, Stevče (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Abschlussarbeit Buch
Sprache:	Macedonian
Veröffentlicht:	Skopje Kalamus 2011
Schriftenreihe:	Edicija Kulturno nasledstvo
Schlagworte:	Geschichte 200-600 Siedlungsarchäologie Pelagonija Hochschulschrift
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract
Beschreibung:	PST: The region of Pelagonia in the late antiquity and the early middle ages. - In kyrill. Schr., mazedon. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
Beschreibung:	284 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt.
ISBN:	9789989275890

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Содржина I. Вовед 1. Состојба на истражувања на доцната антика во пелагониската peraja ..15 2. Значењето на Пелагонија во доцната антика .....................................16 3. Извори ..........................................................................................................17 4. Историја на регионот (осврт) .................................................................19 5. Географски осврт на регионот; околни зависни регии .....................21 II. Историски настани од III - VI век, одразени во Пелагонија 1. Историјат.................................................................................................... 25 2. Населени места во раната антика, кои преживеале и во доцната антика ..........................................................................................................27 2.1. Битола - Хераклеја .................................................................................27 2.2.С.Бучин,БучинскиРид,Пачкоец,Алкомена(АХкоцєуаі).................... 28 2.3.С.Граиште,Градиште-Бријанион(Вршу1Оу) .........................................28 2.4.С.Железнец-Градиште(Кидрае-Кобраі?) .............................................29 2. 5. С. Црнобуки, Градиште (Персеида?) ...............................................29 2.6.Пелагонија(ГШ.ауоуш) ..............................................................................29 2.7. С. Варош, Маркови Кули, Поткули - Керамиј e (Kerámiáé) ................. ЗО 2.8.С.Дебреште,Градиште,Кале- (Pisaion?) .................................................31 2.9.С.Живојно,Забрдо(1лпсо?) .......................................................................31 2.10.С.Зовиќ-Манастир,Чебрен,Тумба,(Аутауш?) ....................................31 2.11. С. Дабница-манастир Св. Богородица -ΤρεΰΚ3Βε4(Κολοβαιση) .....32 2. 12.С.Браилово-Кале(Мабє%єфра) ............................................................32 2.13.С.Пештани-Пештера,ман. Св.Илија -Достонеи(Лоатоуешу?) ......32 2.14. С. Витолиште - Перивол , Грамаѓе, Лачник - Geneatae, [Eu?]xini....... 33 3. Духовна култура во паганскиот период; преживување во доцно римско време....................................................................................................................... 33 3.1. Некрополи ...............................................................................................44 3.2. Пагански храмови во доцната антика ......................................... 49 III. Доцната антика и во Пелагониската регија 1. Времето на Диоклецијан и неговите наследници ...............................52 2. Константиновиот пресврт .......................................................................53 3. Христијанството и новите материјални промени ...............................55 IV. Доаѓање на варварите 1. Историски материјални траги ................................................................57 2. Готи ..............................................................................................................58 3. Хуни ..............................................................................................................59 4. Кутригури, Авари и Бугари ....................................................................60 5. Словени ........................................................................................................61 6. Влијанија..................................................................................................... 64 7. Нивна етничка припадност ......................................................................64 8. Готи, Хуни, Авари и Словени и нивната духовна и материјална култура .................................................................................65 V. Доцноримски период во Пелагониската регија 1. Доцноримска патна мрежа ......................................................................67 2. Градежни материјали и нови фортификациски елементи ...............71 3. Доцноримско градежништво и начин на градење ..............................72 4. Типови куќи ...............................................................................................73 5. Градска архитектура .................................................................................75 6. Доцноримски градови ..............................................................................76 7. Војска ...........................................................................................................78 VI. Населби........................................................................................................ 79 А. Укрепени населби .......................................................................................81 - Градови ..............................................................................................81 - Укрепени села ..................................................................................81 - Рударски населби ............................................................................82 - Руднички тврдини ............................................................................82 - Укрепени збегови (refugia) ..............................................................83 - Воени укрепенија (гранични и царински станици, стражи) .....84 1. Доцноантички градови 1.1. Хераклеја Линкестис ...........................................................................85 - Градски ареал ...................................................................................86 - Водовод .............................................................................................87 - Градско обѕидие ...............................................................................88 - Доцноантички градби .....................................................................91 1. Базилика А ..........................................................................92 2. Крстилница ........................................................................92 3. Голема базилика Ц ............................................................93 4. Епископска резиденција ...................................................95 5. Базилика Д ..........................................................................96 6. Други ранохристијански цркви во Хераклеја............. 97 7. Куќи врз постарите урнатини ......................................97 8. Терма ....................................................................................97 9. Фонтана ............................................................................ 99 - Т.Н. Микро - станбена целина врз театарот .........................100 І^.С.Доленци-Кале ......................................................................................106 І.З.С.Зовик-манастирЧебрен...................................................................... 107 1.4. Пелагонија ..............................................................................................108 1.5. Стари Град-Кале ...................................................................................109 2. Утврдени села (vici murati)..................................................................... 109 2. 1. Битолска регија................................................................................... 109 2. 2. Прилепска регија................................................................................. 110 3. Рударски населби .....................................................................................112 3. 1. Прилепска регија .................................................................................112 3. 2. Регија на Порече ............................................................................... 114 3. 3. Крушевска регија................................................................................ 115 4. Руднички тврдини ....................................................................................115 4. 1. Битолска регија ..................................................................................115 4. 2. Регија на Порече ............................................................................... 117 4.3.РегијанаДемирХисар ..............................................................................121 4. 4. Крушевска регија ................................................................................123 4. 5. Прилепска регија .................................................................................125 4. 6. Ресенска регија .....................................................................................126 5. Укрепени збегови (refugia) ................................................................... 126 5. 1. Битолска регија................................................................................... 126 5. 2. Прилепска регија................................................................................. 129 5. 3. Ресенска регија..................................................................................... 130 6. Кастели и каструми .................................................................................131 6. 1. Битолска регија ...................................................................................131 6. 2. Регија на Порече ............................................................................... 133 6.3. Крушевска регија................................................................................. 134 6. 4. Прилепска регија................................................................................. 134 7. Воени утврдувања................................................................................... 139 7. 1. Битолска регија................................................................................... 139 7. 2. Регија на Порече ............................................................................... 143 7. 3. Регија на Демир Хисар .......................................................................145 7. 4· Прилепска регија .................................................................................146 7. 5. Ресенска регија .....................................................................................148 Б. Неукрепени населби .................................................................................150 1. Битолска регија ....................................................................................... 152 2. Peraja на Порече ................................................................................... 156 3. РегијанаДемирХисар ...............................................................................158 4. Крушевска регија ....................................................................................160 5. Прилепска регија .....................................................................................161 6. Ресенска peraja .........................................................................................168 VII. Доцноантичко рударство и рудници 171 1.Битолскарегија ...........................................................................................172 2.Прилепскарегија .........................................................................................173 З.РегијанаПорече ........................................................................................174 4.РегијанаДемирХисар .................................................................................175 Ѕ.Крушевскарегија ........................................................................................177 VIII. Ранохристијански цркви 1. Историја на Христијанството во регионот........................................ 178 2. Истраженост .............................................................................................179 3. Типологија на цркви............................................................................... 180 4. Битолска регија ....................................................................................... 182 5. Регија на Порече ................................................................................... 192 б.РегијанаДемирХисар .................................................................................193 7. Крушевска регија ....................................................................................194 8. Прилепска регија .....................................................................................195 9. Ресенска регија .........................................................................................202 IX. Некрополи од доцниот III до VI век 1. Саркофази и ѕидани гробници ..................................................205 2. Гробовії со покрив од тегули ............................................................205 3. Гробова ..........................................................................................206 1. Битолска регија .......................................................................................206 2. Прилепска регија .....................................................................................213 З.РегијанаДемирХисар................................................................................. 218 4. Крушевска регија.................................................................................... 219 5. Регија на Порече ................................................................................... 220 6. Ресенска регија .........................................................................................223 X. Движни наоди 1. Монети од III до VI век ...........................................................................225 2. Метални делови од опрема, оружје и накит ......................................227 2. 1. Фибули ...................................................................................................227 2.1.1. Луковичести фибули .......................................................................227 2. 1. 2. Фибули со подвиена нога ...............................................................231 2. 2. Појасни украси .....................................................................................232 2. 2. 1. Токи и јазичиња од типот Сучидава ............................................232 2. 2. 2. Бубрежни токи .................................................................................233 2. 2. 3. Други типови на токи и јазичиња .................................................234 2. 2. 4. Апликации (украси заковани на кожа, за појасен колан) ......235 2. 3. Обетки ...................................................................................................237 2. 4. Белегзии ................................................................................................240 2. 5. Ґердани ..................................................................................................241 2. 6. Прстени .................................................................................................243 2. 7. Опрема и оружје ..................................................................................243 3. Други метални предмети ........................................................................246 3. 1. Светилки ................................................................................................246 3. 2. Стригил ..................................................................................................247 3. 3. Игли за коса ..........................................................................................248 3. 4. Клучеви .................................................................................................248 3. 5. Појасни торбички ................................................................................249 3. 6. Метални садови ....................................................................................249 4. Фигура од слонова коска .......................................................................250 5. Керамика ..................................................................................................250 5.1. Светилки ................................................................................................250 5.2. Македонска сива грнчарија ..................................................................252 5. 3. Доцноримска црвена керамика ........................................................253 5. 4. Словенска керамика ...........................................................................255 5. 5. Печати ....................................................................................................255 6. Стакло ........................................................................................................256 7. Епиграфија ................................................................................................257 Заклучок ..........................................................................................................260 Conclusion ..........................................................................................................269 Скратеници ......................................................................................................275 Цитирана литература ....................................................................................277 Прилози: ...........................................................................................................284 Карта 1 - Продорите на варварите во Неточното римско царство Карта! - Населени места во раната антика кои преживеале и во доцната антика; Доцноримска патна мрежа Карта 3 - Доцноантички градови; Утврдени села; Рударски населби; Руднички тврдини Карта 4 -Укрепени збегови; Кастели и каструми; Воени утврдувања Карта 5 - Отворени населби; Доцноантички рудници Карта 6 - Ранохристијански цркви; Доцноантички некрополи Conclusion Pelagonia is the largest Macedonian plain, densely populated since prehistoric times until these days. With the development of archeology the need of more compact research appeared in this region, together with the nearest peripheral parts. In this area from the antique period 600 stone monuments have been discovered. In the late antique period on this site are registered over 100 fortresses, and also the same number of early Christian churches and a large number of open settlements with necropolis. The late an¬ tique period dated from the end of the III till the end of the I century, period accepted by the large number of historians, cultural history researchers. This period is also knowTC as Late Roman (the time of Diocletian and the end of Justinian s ruling). During the whole period, the Roman language was spoken as an administrative language, and after the V century people started to speak Greek as well. The Early Byzantium period encloses the second half of the V and VI century. Both periods in our areas are fulfilled with the same basic values in the material culture, but in the domain of the spiritual creativity they are different. The late Roman period is still marked by pagan ideology and the traditional value, although the Christianity started in our area from the beginning of the V century. The Late Antique is a period with which a new era is marked. So, the old period ended and Christianity came as a new way of life with new moral rules, manifested in the social and spiritual life. The new view on the world affected the everyday material life and the changes were urged by the needs. The condition of researches in the Late Antique in the Pelagonia s region had its own beginnings since the end of XIX century. Although exposed to various risks, the first people of knowledge came from the West in the Turkish Empire. They made the first archeological excavation on this site. Thanks to Bitola, which was a city of consular mission of European and Balkan countries, the cultural level concerning the discovery of antiquities became more significant. The motives today are not known, but they marked the beginning of collecting the artifacts. During that time the intellectuals from these parts appeared, and they began to mark systematically the ancient stone inscription. One of them is Mărgărit Dimica, who was traveling from village to village and making notes which were published in Athens. At the beginning of XX century many Archeology Schools were established in Greece, run by western specialists who were permanently crossing the Pelagonia Region. 269 During the First World War, the Bulgarian archeologist Gavril Kacarov did the ex¬ cavations in the Prilep-Mariovo region and left significant information, for example the mitreum in Prilep. The first attempt for more significant research was made by Nikola Vu- lik, who traveled in this region from 1924 to 1936, took photos and described significant findings. His most significant work was the first archeological map of the Pelagonia Re¬ gion with entitled AKJ.BLATT.PRILEP-BITOLA , Belgrade 1937. In 1976 in Ljubljana was published the tom K34 of Tabula Imperi Romani (TIR) in which В. Josifovska, I. Mikulchik and J. Shashelj have presented several hundreds sites in this region. In 1976 the Sigrid Diľs book GÖTTER KULTE NORD MAKEDONIENS , MÜNCHEN 1976 was published. These editions contributed the world population to recognize the archeol¬ ogy in this area, which also became contribution for the science itself. In 1999 new points of view on Ancient Gods appeared in the book of V. Bitrakova-Grozdanova The Reli¬ gion and the Art in the Ancient Macedonia , in 2001 and 2002 two tomes were published by V. Lilchik: Macedonian stone for Gods, Christians and for life after life where a large part of Pelagonia region is treated till the Late Antique. In the work Pelagonia s region in the late Antique period the whole region is systematically studied, all sites and locations are treated, where various findings from the Late antique are found together with the non static material. Geographically, the regions of Bitola, Prilep, Mariovo, Poreche, Krushevo, Demir Hisar and Prespa are involved, which was known as Macedonia prima and part of Mace¬ donia secunda which together have continuity in the mining, as one of the most important social branches in the Pelagonia Region in the Late Antique period. On scientific base, the time limits of the Late Antique were moved and we think that this period started with the Emperor Prob in the year 276. That is the time when German people from the tribe Goths entered in Pelagonia by force. In The Late Antique the commodity of the Romans was violated and they were forced to change their status from offensive into defensive in order to preserve and save what was to be saved - the most important things like tradition, habits, the way of living and their world. In Europe at that time there were huge disturbances before the so called The great migration of people . In Spain the mines were closed because Vandals dominated there and the only place with minerals was Pelagonia and its region. The Empire had no choice, the metal had to be treated, because the state was supposed to be protected with weapons. The huge mass of people saw their chance for survival, apart from the autochthony Mace¬ donian inhabitants and the Romans, people migrated here from the Near East, people who are culturally identical with the first ones. This can be seen through the findings from their everyday life, ornaments and objects. With their arrival the culture of living changed, especially the spiritual life. The Orient created spiritual life, and here the cul¬ tures conflicted and the essential values of the Gods were filtrated to achieve perfection. The newcomers brought the Christianity at the beginning of the V century (it was taken as a period of building large number of Early Christian Basilicas in this region). The Pelagonia region became cosmopolitan area because of the findings from differ¬ ent places. They were not brought here but were from the people who lived there. The mixture of cultures of Pont, Syria, North Africa and Near East are vivid from the small findings which are presented through this work. The Christians were dominant, but yet the culture of the autochthonic pagans survived in the late antique period, so they made 270 a compromise to each other and the Christianity won nominally. The old pagan religion was well hidden behind its robe. Since the time of Old Macedonians, there were good roads in Pelagonia. When the Romans came they were widen and better preserved because the roads represented peace for them. The Army could reach easily and preserve the order and peace. In the Late an¬ tique period the Ignatia road kept the primate as the most adequate and the fastest road to the near East. Many people who wanted to visit the holy places in Israel were traveling on that road, as well as many soldiers, conquerors, merchants. The East Empire of the Romans made efforts to become a neighbor of its enemies- Parties from Persia. The posi¬ tive material and spiritual values were collected from them. The local road infrastructure, as a secondary branch of the main roads, was devel¬ oped because of the mining industry. For the early period, III and IV century the written resources are itineraries (schedules for the road stations which were used for mailing, the postmen were riding a horse which was changed from station to station). Almost all sta¬ tions were placed on them. As time passed, through the centuries these itineraries reached us with mistakes made by the transcribers, but in fact they are significant resources for the traffic arteries. As other source we will mention the map of Conrad Pointinger, Hieracles Sinegdem where three cities are mentioned in the Pelagonia Region, in Macedonia I to be more precise. The town of Pelagonia was placed in Macedonia II. The works of late antiques authors such as Zosim, Malho and Jordanes with his work GETCA ET ROMANO are taken as other sources. The raid of the Goths through the borders in the Eastern Roman Empire from 235 to 284 is taken as the first destruction in our region. In 447 the Huns were penetrating. Their raid was recognized by their weap¬ ons and equipment on our archeological sites. In Heraclea, two reflexive Hun s bows were found which proved that the city was attacked by them. We know that in 479 the Gothic king Teodorics Amai with his Goths reached the doors of Heraclea and blackmailed Hera- clean episcope to feed him with wine and grain, and when the first one rejected the city was destroyed by Teodorics. In 517 the Cutrigurians were penetrating and the last one was the raid of Avars and Slovenians in the year of 586. This raid is well dated with the found depots from this region. With the presence of these nations in the late V century, there was an urge of fortifying the castles for more efficient defense. At the same time new fortifying elements for defense were manufactured here, especially on the most important objects, the towers. From them they fought the enemy and defended the city. The populated places in the early Antique period, which survived till the late antique period, remained with the same names as: Heraclea Linkestis, Alcomena, Brianion, Kidrae, Perseida, Pelagonia, Keramie, Pi¬ saion, Linkos, Antania and others which are recognized by written sources. The necropolis from the Early Antique are added to the late Antique but they are fewer in number which proved the demography of the population (birth and death). In our region there are 61 necropolis together with the tombs in the rocks which dated from the Early Antique Period. In the period when Christianity became stronger, the pagan s temples still existed and when the Christians won, the inscriptions on the idols were not destroyed, which lead us to the fact that they were still respected. Such example is the inscription on Apolon which is placed in the monastery of Treskavec. It continued to be worshiped by the new name - Ilija. 271 At the beginning of the Late Antique the settling in the Roman Empire started, first the territory was divided between four rulers and the main leader was Diocletian (the period of tetrarchs who thought that they would control the territory more easily). By dividing the territory on the administrative base they enlarged the administration, so beside the four Caesars, more smaller Caesars appeared. Many Christians saw the chance for rupturing the system. After them, Constantine came on the throne with his vicissitude in the face of the rescript from 313. With this document the religious interest and the church life of his successors became the most important. Then an abuse of the religion and the term church - state came into use, which for the democratic states, is a problem in the sphere of politics even today. Now, the contradictory term Constantinism is still present in the tradition of the East and South Church (if we take into consideration the fact that the West Europe is divided on South catholic and North Protestant Church). Such individual attitude in Christianity trace the path of tsar Julian Renegade and the revival of the pagan religion, in the face of neo Platonist school in Athens which was forbidden till the VI century. In this school few of the so called Holly fathers were studying. But, the positive current of the Christians won, Julian ruled for a while, and the return of the pagans can be materially traced through the tomb in Pesterica, the Julian s coin and the strigyl. The Christianity as a religion at first pointed towards the word which means that Christ clearly talked about the spirit, not the body, later during the interpretation, they started to search for objects, plates, symbols, sculptures and other. On them Christian signs were impressed. It was strive for embracing which the baptizing of grownup people was neglected because they accepted the religion by themselves, yet the baptizing of newly born babies was accepted. The baptizing of adults can be traced through the place where baptizing was performed such as in Heraclea, where it can be clearly seen that it was designed for baptizing adults only. It is essential for the archeology that through the objects from the Early Christian period we can trace the sociology of the Late Antique through the centuries. The need of the Christians to gather together, after coming out from the catacombs, was on the specific place called home for prayers. That function later was taken by the basilicas, which be¬ came main building form in the Late Antique and from then they are called Early basilicas or churches. There are around 90 in our area. The base is with basilicas form, the main difference being whether they have one vessel, two vessels or three vessels in their bases. All these basilicas are also materially supported with architectural, decorative and marble plastic. All these are added on the Late Antique building and the way of construction, which only used natural materials, which were well used and adapted to the needs of people. Until recently, people lived outside their houses, and they were using them as a place for protection of the natural causes, so the houses were build with socle, row of stones which was one meter high connected with mud, sometimes with mortar or mud filled with mortar, and on the top they used to put bricks - adobe, made with mud and straw connected by girder - rafter. The walls around the houses were built of stronger material, broken stone connected with slaked lime mortar. The walls were 6 meters high and even more, for protection of the people who lived inside the walls, where the state and private goods were kept. Here, the interest of the state and the private interest were the same. The buildings evaluated with only purpose to preserve the values which the civilization 272 brings. The new fortification changes, that can be seen in the shape of Tower in front of the walls, mount and canal, which was the novelty in the construction. Sometimes even the towers which were on the high dominant places happened to change into a system for preserving water, such as the example with the North Tower in Heraclea, on the citadel. The Late Antique is a period when our religion was endangered by the constant attacks of barbarians and the new fortifications were invented and later, they were transferred in other regions. In the VI century, the most prominent figure in the cities was the episcope and in the smaller cities his assistants, the bishops. This right was given to them by the emperor s order. The tsar Justinian thought that everything which was worth on this world came from the Christians, so their leaders were put on the pedestal. Apart from the spiri¬ tual life, they were also leading the political life. Today we classify the cities as castrums and castles, the villages were fortified, the places for refugees were made as shelters, the places where the state had its own mines were called mining settlements, the fortresses for the army were called military fortress, all these fortifications had their own character¬ istic and function, so they can be easily recognized on the field. Some of them had double function, which means that they were changed during history and they were used for other purpose, but one is certain, they served for protection of the life and goods. During the ruling of the Empire, the state administration took care of the mine exploitation and also their representatives — the emperor s procurators. The Pelagonia region had a large num¬ ber of mines together with the mining settlements which supplied the Empire and had an important interest in the survival of the State. The State is a system which needs material in a large amount, so it can be modified from one kind to another, and such kind at that time was the metal. Many names of the places in our region are connected to the mining such as: Zeleznik, Kovachevo, Shtelni, Meloi, Srpci. When Avars and Slovenians came in this region the period of darkness for the native population began, scientifically, it was a complete demographic change of popula¬ tion. Large number of the population emigrated towards the seashore. The Slovenians occupied the territories of Old Greece and Peloponnesus and there they established their sclavinies close to the Roman settlements, from which they were culturally fascinated. Feeling danger, the Romans decided to conquer them spiritually. In that way they wanted to impose the Byzantine cultural influence. But after that among the Slovenians appeared a sense of mass melancholy, or lack of feeling. To demonstrate the theses of this work, the most important are material findings, which approved or contested them. 1. The equipment - objects which were used in everyday life will approve the his¬ torical data in the Pelagonia Region in the Late Antique: 1.1. Crossbow fibulas, which can be found in separate tombs and crypts tell us that they were brought by strangers, soldiers, retired veterans as a reward for their military service. One golden fibula is found in Sekirani and one more, golden plated, in Bitola (near the old factory Progres , near Bukovo graveyards in a upward curve crypt in stone) 1.2. Fibulas with bended leg, as a part of military equipment are found in Heraclea, Brailovo, Izishte, Miokazi. 1.3. Tongue of a buckle from the type Sucidava type, which have anthropomorphic shape with eyes, nose and mouth, are found in Heraclea, Belica, Desovo, Brailovo and other sites. We know that they are part of the Avar s equipment, more precisely from the end of the belt. 1.4. The kidneys shaped and round buckle are considered to be part of a gothic belt connected with Pond s cult circle which means that the Roman craftsmen used to make 273 equipment for the stranger s esthetics. They are found in Heraclea, Mogiła, and the island Big City on the Prespa Lake. 1.5. Applications for belts. They were used as ornaments and were part of the mili¬ tary equipment. 2. Earrings - as a jewel, determine the origin, the people who were wearing them and to which period they belong 3. Bracelets - made of metal or made of glass 4. Necklaces - with amber and glass pasta. One of the most unique pieces is the necklace with 18 golden pearls in the shape of amphora, found in Pesterica, dating from the first half of the IV century. 5. Rings - with motives of heads in the shape of a cross (stavro decoration) 6. Weapons - helmet with joints from Heraclea is one of the kind concerning its decoration, for now. 7. Metal lamps - three metal lamps from Heraclea 8. Strigyl from Pesterica — an object used by Efebs to clean the oil from the body 9. Needles for the hair — female object. Four of them are found in our region 10. Door keys. Three of them are found in Heraclea and one in Strezevo 11. Figures of ivory with a figure of a female dancer. It was used as ornament on the female box (ріпах) 12. Ceramics - made on potter s wheel. It is used for making a correct dating, whether they are whole pots or only fragments. It is divided as red - Late Roman and grey Macedonian terra sigilata. 12.1. Ceramics lamps — motives of the Christian religion: fish and cross can be found on them. Such is the example of the cross made by rosettes and palm leaves from Heraclea. 12.2. Pintoder/seals - made in ceramics 13. Glass - from the Late Antique many glass objects are found in the lonely grave in Staro Lago vo, Heraclea and Pesterica. The color of the glass depends on the addition of metal compounds. 14. Epigraphy - the inscriptions on the stone monuments are valuable documents for the environmental sociology. The inscriptions tell us about the people with different profession, and through them we can follow the social needs of the city, the level of the culture and the state positions. They show us the picture of the past, and that is why the Epigraphy is the only historical data proper to explain the time with which the historical events are connected. It is very useful for us. We hope that our researches and facts, published in this work are going to encour¬ age new studies, new more detailed and specific researches, focused on the narrower regions, more concise in choosing the themes and material. At the end, we should tell that searching for the truth, our intention was to make something worthwhile and to reconstruct one part of the Macedonian past for the benefit of the present. We hope that our perceptions will bring moral for the future. The forgotten moral principles which were developed very spontaneously, by natural way, will appear on the surface and will arise the past into the present, urging us towards the brighter fu¬ ture, shoulder to shoulder with the European culture and people who have built the new civilization, learning from the past. 274 Скратеници Автори на каталошки единици Автори на цртежи и планови A.M. Алсксандар Митковски A.G. А.Г. Аница Горгиевска В.А. А.К. Апостол Керамитчиев B.R. Б.А. Блага Алексова V.B. Б.К. Благоја Китановски V.B. Б.П. Бојан Пупалески V.L. Б.Ј. (B.J.) Borka Josifovska G.F. Б.Б. (В.В.) Бошко Бабиќ D.S. Б.Р. Бранислав Ристевски Е.М. Б.А. Бранко Атанасовски І.М. В.Б.-Г. Вера Битракова - Грозданова J.R. В.К. Весна Калпаковска J.R. В.Л. Виктор Лилчиќ к.к. B.C. Викторија Соколовска М.І. B.X. (V.H.) V Hensel N.Č. B.C. Војислав Санев P.S. Г.Т. (G.T.) Гордана Томашевиќ TJ. Г.Ф. Гордана Филиповска F.P. Г.Г. Горица Гагиќ Г.М. Горица Микулчиќ Д.С. Драгица Симоска Ѓ.С. Ѓорѓе Стричевиќ Е.П. Елеонора Петрова Е.М. Елица Манева E.H. Енгин Насух И.М. (І.М.) Иван Микулчиќ и.н.-с. Иванка Николајевић-Стојковић J.P. (J.R.) Јадвига Раухут J.K. Јован Ковачевић К.К. Костадин Ke пески л.к. Лилјана Кепеска Љ.Џ. Љубинка Џидрова м.и. Милан Ивановски м.м. Миле Медиќ м.ч-м. Милка Чанак - Медик М.Г. (M.G.) Миодраг Грбић Н.П. Нивес Петров H.B. (N.V.) Никола Вулић Н.Ч. Никое Чаусидис П.С. (P.S.) Пеце Србиновски ПЈ. Петар Јовановиќ Р.Г. Ρ Грујић с.с. Саржо Саржоски С.А. Степан Антољак с.т. Стевче Тодоровски Т.Ј. Томе Јанакиевски т.т. Tomo Томовски Ф.П. Фанула Папазоглу Ф.М. Франце Месеснел ц.к. Цоне Крстевски Аница Ѓорѓиевска Бранислав Атанасовски Бранислав Ристевски Весна Боцевска (Сл. 105) Вера Битракова - Грозданова Виктор Лилчиќ Гордана Филиповска Драгица Симоска Елица Манева Иван Микулчиќ Јадвига Раухутова Јержи Ростовски Костадин Кепески Милан Ивановски Никое Чаусидис Пеце Србиновски Томе Јанакиевски Фанула Папазоглу Стевче Тодоровски 275
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spelling	Todorovski, Stevče Verfasser aut Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek Stevče Todorovski Skopje Kalamus 2011 284 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Edicija Kulturno nasledstvo PST: The region of Pelagonia in the late antiquity and the early middle ages. - In kyrill. Schr., mazedon. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Zugl.: Skopje, Filozof. Fak., Diss., 2007 m.d.Tit.: Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika Geschichte 200-600 gnd rswk-swf Siedlungsarchäologie (DE-588)4181216-5 gnd rswk-swf Pelagonija (DE-588)4241260-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Pelagonija (DE-588)4241260-2 g Siedlungsarchäologie (DE-588)4181216-5 s Geschichte 200-600 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024969377&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024969377&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract
spellingShingle	Todorovski, Stevče Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek Siedlungsarchäologie (DE-588)4181216-5 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4181216-5 (DE-588)4241260-2 (DE-588)4113937-9
title	Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek
title_auth	Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek
title_exact_search	Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek
title_full	Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek Stevče Todorovski
title_fullStr	Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek Stevče Todorovski
title_full_unstemmed	Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek Stevče Todorovski
title_short	Pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek
title_sort	pelagonskata regija vo docnata antika i raniot sreden vek
topic	Siedlungsarchäologie (DE-588)4181216-5 gnd
topic_facet	Siedlungsarchäologie Pelagonija Hochschulschrift
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024969377&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024969377&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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