Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Oxford Univ. Press
2012
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXVIII, 388 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780198529880 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Handbook of epidemiology for clinicians |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804148921038012416 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians
Autor: Ward, Helen
Jahr: 2012
xi
Detailed contents
Symbols and abbreviations xvii
Glossary of terms xx
Statistical formulae xxvii_____________________________________
Section 1 Epidemiology in the clinic 1
Introduction 2
1 The diagnostic process 3
Introduction: epidemiology in the clinic 4
Measures of disease frequency 6
Distribution of disease 9
Is there anything wrong? 10
Risk factors 12
Identifying risk factors 14
Validity of diagnostic tests 16
Clinical uses of predictive value 18
Pre-test probability 20
Likelihood ratios and post-test probabilities 22
So what has my patient got? The Bayesian clinician 26_____________
2 Management decisions 27
Decisions, decisions ... the principles of clinical management 28
What is prognosis? Looking into the crystal ball 30
Prognosis: mortality 32
Prognosis: morbidity 34
Evidence-based management 36
Clinical guidelines 38
How effective is the treatment? 42
Interpreting reports of clinical trials 44
How appropriate is the treatment? 46
Patient-centred decision-making 48 ________________________
3 Risk communication and promoting health 51
Health promotion in clinical practice 52
xjj DETAILED CONTENTS
Could it have been prevented? 54
Communicating risk 56
Health promotion in the clinic 58
Smoking and alcohol advice 60
Exercise, weight, and dietary advice 62
Sexual health 64
Outbreak investigation 66
Breaking the chain of infection 68
Section 2 Evidence-based practice 71
Introduction 72
4 Finding and summarizing evidence 73
Finding and evaluating existing evidence 74
Electronic resources 76
Critical appraisal 78
Appraisal checklists 82
CONSORT statement 84
Systematic review 88
Meta-analysis 90
Analysis and interpretation of a meta-analysis 92_________________
5 Preventive medicine and screening 97
Prevention strategies 98
Levels of prevention 100
Preventing communicable disease 102
Preventing non-communicable disease: example
of cardiovascular disease 104
Basic infectious disease epidemiology )06
Vaccination 108
Screening overview ) 12
Screening programmes 114
Evaluating screening programmes ) 16
Major UK screening programmes 118_________________________
6 Evaluating clinical practice 119
Introduction Ï20
Clinical governance and ethics 122
DETAILED CONTENTS xjjj
Carrying out an audit: getting started 124
Choosing the standards 126
Writing your protocol 129
Choosing the sample 130
Data collection 132
Data collection: examples 134
Analysing data 136
Interpreting findings 138
Changing practice 140
Completing the process Î42
Section 3 Epidemiological methods 143
Introduction 144__________________________________________
7 Types of study 145
Types of evidence and study designs 146
Basic concepts in epidemiological research 148
Interpreting associations 150
Confounding 154
Association or causation? 156
The nature of causality )60
Time trend and geographical (ecological) studies 162
Ecological studies: examples 164
Surveys and cross-sectional studies )66
Cross-sectional studies: examples ) 70
Case-control studies ) 72
Case-control studies: examples 176
Cohort studies 178
Cohort studies: examples 184
Intervention studies and clinical trials )86
Clinical trials: examples 190
Clinical trial phases 192
Choosing the right type of study 194 ________________________
8 Sources of data 1 7
Introduction: good quality data 198
Routine data 202
Clinical uses of routine data 206
XIV
DETAILED CONTENTS
Death certification 2)0
Referral to the coroner 214
Infectious disease notification 215
Cancer registration 2)6_________
9 Statistical concepts 217
Introduction 2)8
Data and variables 220
Summarizing sample data 222
Measures of central location 224
Measures of dispersion 226
Sampling variability 228
Probability distributions 230
Confidence intervals 232
Hypothesis tests 234
Statistical or clinical significance 238
Sample size and power calculations 240
When to consult a statistician 242____________________________
10 Statistical techniques in clinical medicine 245
Independent t-test 246
Paired t-tests 248
Confidence intervals for a proportion 250
Normal test for difference in proportions 252
Chi-squared test for association 254
Parametric and non-parametric tests 256
Mann-Whitney U test 257
Wilcoxon s signed-rank test 258
Linear regression 260
Correlation coefficients 262
T-tests for regression coefficients 264
Multiple regression 266
Analysis of variance 268
Logistic regression 272
Measuring survival 274
Kaplan-Meier product limit estimator 276
Log-rank test 278
DETAILED CONTENTS
Cox proportional hazards model 279
Receiver operating characteristic curves 280
Section 4 Epidemiology of common diseases 283
Introduction 284__________________________________________
11 Global burden of disease 285
Terminology 286
Global burden of non-communicable disease 288
Burden of non-communicable disease in the UK 292
Global burden of communicable disease 294
Burden of communicable disease in the UK 296_________________
12 Epidemiology of diseases 297
Arthritis 298
Asthma 300
Bladder cancer 302
Brain and CNS cancer 304
Breast cancer 306
Cardiovascular disease 308
Cerebrovascular disease 310
Cervix cancer 312
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 314
Cirrhosis of the liver 3)6
Colorectal cancer 318
Coronary heart disease 320
Dementia 322
Depression 324
Diabetes 326
Emerging infectious disease 328
Gastroenteritis 330
Healthcare associated infections 332
High blood pressure and hypertension 334
HIV/AIDS 336
Influenza 338
Kidney cancer 340
Leukaemia 342
xyj DETAILED CONTENTS
Liver cancer 344
Lung cancer 346
Malaria 348
Malignant melanoma 350
Measles 352
Meningococcal disease 354
Neglected tropical diseases 356
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 358
Oesophageal cancer 360
Pancreatic cancer 362
Peptic ulcer disease 364
Prostate cancer 366
Road traffic accidents 368
Self-inflicted injuries 370
Sexually transmitted infections 312
Stomach cancer 374
Tuberculosis 376
Viral hepatitis 380
Index 382
|
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| id | DE-604.BV039950355 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:14:48Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780198529880 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024808294 |
| oclc_num | 785848113 |
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| physical | XXVIII, 388 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians Helen Ward ... Handbook of epidemiology for clinicians Epidemiology for clinicians 1. ed. Oxford Oxford Univ. Press 2012 XXVIII, 388 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ward, Hellen Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024808294&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians |
| title | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians |
| title_alt | Handbook of epidemiology for clinicians Epidemiology for clinicians |
| title_auth | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians |
| title_exact_search | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians |
| title_full | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians Helen Ward ... |
| title_fullStr | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians Helen Ward ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians Helen Ward ... |
| title_short | Oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians |
| title_sort | oxford handbook of epidemiology for clinicians |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024808294&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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