Agricultural policies for poverty reduction:
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
[S.l.]
OECD
2012
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 191 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781780641058 9789264168633 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Agricultural policies for poverty reduction |c ed. by Jonathan Brooks |
| 264 | 1 | |a [S.l.] |b OECD |c 2012 | |
| 300 | |a 191 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
............................................. 11
Agricultural Policies for Raising Rural Incomes: An Introduction
...... 15
References
................................................. 22
Chapter
1.
A Strategic Framework for Strengthening Rural Incomes
in Developing Countries
..................................... 23
1.1.
Introduction
............................................ 24
1.2.
Economic development and the structural transformation
.... 27
1.3.
Policy responses to structural change
....................... 40
1.4.
A strategic framework for strengthening rural incomes
and facilitating smallholder adjustment
........................ 44
1.5.
Conclusions
............................................. 53
Notes
...................................................... 55
References
................................................. 57
Chapter
2.
Distributional Impacts of Commodity Prices in Developing
Countries
.................................................. 61
2.1.
Introduction
............................................ 62
2.2.
Methodology and data
.................................... 64
2.3.
Hypothetical price shocks and illustrative results
............ 67
2.4.
Retrospective look at the
2007/08
food price crisis
............ 71
2.5.
Prospective look at the
2009-18
period
...................... 81
2.6.
Conclusions
............................................. 84
Notes
...................................................... 87
References
................................................. 87
Chapter
3.
The Distributional Implications of Agricultural Policies
in Developing Countries
-
Findings from the Development
Policy Evaluation Model (DEVPEM)
........................... 89
3.1.
Introduction
............................................ 90
3.2.
The Development Policy Evaluation Model (DEVPEM)
......... 92
3.3.
Agricultural policy simulations with DEVPEM
................ 98
3.4.
Conclusions
............................................. 105
Notes
...................................................... 107
References
................................................. 107
AGRICULTURAL POLICIES FOR POVERTY REDUCTION
β
OECD
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TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Chapter
4.
Stabilisation Policies in Developing Countries after the
2007-08
Food Crisis
................................................. 109
4.1.
Introduction
............................................ 110
4.2.
Economic environment
................................... 115
4.3.
Objectives
.............................................. 132
4.4.
Policy instruments
....................................... 139
4.5.
Institutional arrangements
................................ 149
4.6.
Conclusions
............................................. 156
Notes
...................................................... 161
References
................................................. 161
Chapter
5.
The Use of Input Subsidies in Low-income Countries
...... 169
5.1.
Introduction
............................................ 170
5.2.
Unpicking the arguments: Objectives of input subsidy
programmes
................................................ 174
5.3.
Disadvantages and dangers of input subsidies
............... 176
5.4.
Experiences of input subsidies
............................ 178
5.5.
Design of subsidy programmes
............................ 183
5.6.
Conclusions
............................................. 189
Notes
...................................................... 190
References
................................................. 190
Tables
1.1.
Pace of adjustment in various countries, based on agriculture
share of GDP and employment
............................ 33
1.2.
Strategic framework for strengthening farm
household incomes
...................................... 51
2.1.
Proportions of net buyers and net sellers of staple foods
...... 63
2.2.
Commodity categories and codes
.......................... 66
2.3.
Prices available from the GIEWS Database for the countries
of interest
.............................................. 71
2.4.
Dates of the largest cumulated price shocks by country
(shocks over six-month period), and details by crop
.......... 75
3.1.
DEVPEM overview: household groups, production factors,
and commodities
........................................ 97
3.2.
Simulation results of rural household welfare effects of
various agricultural policies
(%
change)
..................... 103
4.1.
Trade based policy measures commonly adopted
(as of
1
December
2008)................................... 112
4.2.
Disaggregation of variance components in producer prices
for maize, selected African countries
(%).................... 120
8
AGRICULTURAL POLICIES FOR POVERTY REDUCTION
β
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2012
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
4.3.
Objectives relevant
to
stabilisation
policy choices
............ 133
4.4.
Variability and covariance of maize production in Africa,
1995-2004............................................... 149
5.1.
Different aims for input subsidies, different implications
...... 185
Figures
1.1.
Share of agriculture in GDP and per-capita GDP
.............. 28
1.2.
Evolution of agriculture s share of GDP in various countries
(1961
to
2008)............................................ 29
1.3.
Evolution of agriculture s share of GDP in Africa, Asia
and Latin America,
1980-82
to
2006-08...................... 30
1.4.
Employment shares in agriculture, manufacturing,
and services,
2005 ....................................... 31
1.5.
Evolution of agriculture s share of employment in various
countries
(1961
to
2007/2008) .............................. 32
1.6.
Agriculture s share of GDP versus agriculture s share
of employment,
2008..................................... 34
1.7.
Share of population that is rural and GDP per capita
(190
countries)
.......................................... 36
1.8.
Nominal rate of assistance to agriculture in developed
and developing countries,
1955-2004 ....................... 42
1.9.
NRA and agriculture s share of employment,
1961
and
2005,
selected countries
....................................... 42
1.10.
Land, labour use and productivity in Thai agriculture,
1961
to
2007............................................. 46
2.1.
Staple net benefit ratio
(NBR)
of the rural sector
.............. 67
2.2.
Net benefit ratio
(NBR)
of staples by
quintile
of total expenditures
(1 =
poorest,
5 =
wealthiest)
............................... 68
2.3.
Share of net sellers of staples in each expenditure
quintile
.... 69
2.4.
Values of staple consumption (top) and production (bottom)
as shares of total expenditures, by type of staple, in the
rural sector
............................................. 70
2.5.
Staple prices in Guatemala
- 2005-09 ....................... 72
2.6.
Evolution of the price of rice in selected countries, expressed
as per cent increase or decrease relative to the mean
......... 74
2.7.
Crop-cumulative six-month price differentials
............... 76
2.8.
Welfare impacts by crop, at the time of the worst price shock
(largest crop-cumulative six-month price increase)
........... 77
2.9.
Evolution of welfare over time, in percentage difference
from the mean
.......................................... 80
2.10.
Forward-looking welfare effects
-
in differences from
2009
level
............................................... 83
3.1.
The three levels of land transformability in DEVPEM
.......... 94
AGRICULTURAL POLICIES FOR POVERTY REDUCTION
© OECD 2012
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
3.2.
Cost efficiency of various agricultural policies
(averaged across the six countries)
......................... 104
4.1.
International grain price indices
...........................
Ill
4.2.
Annualised price volatility and cash prices of wheat
.......... 117
4.3.
Rice and wheat prices in stabilising regimes
-
China
and Morocco
............................................ 127
4.4.
Tradable versus non-tradable grain prices in Burkina
Faso .... 128
4.5.
Tradable versus non-tradable grain prices in Mali
............ 129
4.6.
Grain prices in volatile domestic markets
-
Malawi
and Ethiopia
............................................ 130
5.1.
Food production per capita since
1970...................... 170
5.2.
Cereal imports to Africa
.................................. 171
5.3.
Numbers of undernourished in Africa
...................... 171
5.4.
Staple food yields in Africa since early
1960s,
three-year
moving averages
........................................ 172
5.5.
Fertiliser application rates, kg nutrients/ha arable land,
2006/08
average
......................................... 173
5.6.
Malawi: Maize production,
1990
to
2009..................... 179
5.7.
India: Cost of agricultural subsidies,
1980
to
2002............. 182
5.8.
India: Spending on subsidies compared to public goods
....... 182
5.9.
Price of fertiliser at the port of Mombasa and in Nakuru,
centre of main area of commercial maize growing
........... 187
5.10.
Fertiliser consumption and imports in Kenya,
1990
onwards
... 188
10
AGRICULTURAL POLICIES FOR POVERTY REDUCTION
β
OECD 2012
|
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| isbn | 9781780641058 9789264168633 |
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| subject_GND | (DE-588)4034917-2 (DE-588)4002963-3 (DE-588)4000771-6 (DE-588)4014954-7 |
| title | Agricultural policies for poverty reduction |
| title_auth | Agricultural policies for poverty reduction |
| title_exact_search | Agricultural policies for poverty reduction |
| title_full | Agricultural policies for poverty reduction ed. by Jonathan Brooks |
| title_fullStr | Agricultural policies for poverty reduction ed. by Jonathan Brooks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agricultural policies for poverty reduction ed. by Jonathan Brooks |
| title_short | Agricultural policies for poverty reduction |
| title_sort | agricultural policies for poverty reduction |
| topic | Lebensmittelversorgung (DE-588)4034917-2 gnd Armut (DE-588)4002963-3 gnd Agrarpolitik (DE-588)4000771-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Lebensmittelversorgung Armut Agrarpolitik Entwicklungsländer |
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