The biotechnology debate: democracy in the face of intractable disagreement
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht [u.a.]
Springer
2012
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Library of ethics and applied philosophy
29 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 334 S. |
| ISBN: | 9789400726901 9789400726918 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804148850635571200 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
1
Introduction
............................... 1
1.1 Central
Question
.......................... 1
1.2
Government Neutrality
...................... 3
1.3
The Liberal vs. the Deliberative Solution
............. 4
1.4
General Method
.......................... 5
1.5
Status of Empirical Results
.................... 7
1.6
Case-Studies Method
....................... 8
1.7
Depoliticisation
.......................... 10
1.8
Outline
............................... 12
References
................................. 15
Parti Context of Book
2
Biotechnology: An Anatomy of the Debate
.............. 19
2.1
Introduction
............................ 19
2.2
The Debate
............................. 21
2.2.1
Demarcation of Debate Analysis
............. 21
2.2.2
Historical Context
..................... 25
2.2.3
Rhetoric
.......................... 27
2.3
General Positions on Biotechnology
................ 31
2.3.1
Crossing Species Barriers
................. 32
2.3.2
Genetic Determinism
................... 33
2.3.3
Human Hubris
....................... 34
2.4
Animal Biotechnology
....................... 35
2.5
Plant Biotechnology
........................ 37
2.5.1
Justice
........................... 38
2.5.2
Health Concerns and Risk
................. 39
2.5.3
Environmental Consequences
............... 41
2.6
Discussion
............................. 43
2.7
Sources of Disagreement
..................... 45
2.8
Unstructured Problems
....................... 50
2.9
Conclusion
............................. 54
References
................................. 56
xiv
Contents
3
Constraining or Enabling Dialogue?
.................. 63
3.1
Introduction
............................ 63
3.2
The Liberal Neutrality Thesis
................... 65
3.3
Public Versus Private
....................... 66
3.4
Conversational Restraint
...................... 70
3.5
Morality Versus Ethics
....................... 73
3.6
Broader Views
........................... 76
3.7
Opinion Transformation
...................... 78
3.8
Aggregation and Bargaining
.................... 79
3.9
Deliberation
............................ 81
3.10
Criteria for Dealing with Intractable Disagreement
........ 84
3.11
Conclusion
............................. 85
References
................................. 86
Part II Theoretical Framework
4
Deliberative Democracy and Its Limits
................ 91
4.1
Introduction
............................ 91
4.2
Framework
............................. 93
4.2.1
Three Core Questions
................... 93
4.2.2
Practical Reasons for Public Deliberation
......... 95
4.2.3
Theoretical Reasons for Public Deliberation
....... 96
4.2.4
Normative Assumptions
.................. 100
4.2.5
Tensions Between Ideals
.................. 102
4.3
Deliberative Democrats Answers
................. 103
4.3.1
Goals of Deliberation
................... 103
4.3.2
What Types of Argument Are Valid?
........... 106
4.3.3
Who Should Participate?
.................. 109
4.3.4
Recapitulation
....................... 110
4.4
Critiques of Deliberative Democracy
............... 110
4.4.1
Goals of Deliberation
...................
Ill
4.4.2
What Types of Argument Are Valid?
........... 114
4.4.3
Who Should Participate?
.................. 117
4.4.4
Recapitulation
....................... 120
4.5
Deliberative Responses
...................... 121
4.5.1
Goals of Deliberation
................... 122
4.5.2
What Types of Argument Are Valid?
........... 128
4.5.3
Who Should Participate?
.................. 132
4.5.4
Recapitulation
....................... 134
4.6
Conclusion
............................. 134
Intermission: Between Theory and Practice
................ 138
Differences Between Committees and Consensus Conferences
..... 141
References
................................. 143
Contents xv
Part
III Deliberative Fora: Deliberative Democracy
Put to the Test
5
Committees: The Politics of
Containment............... 151
5.1
Introduction
............................ 152
5.2
Comparative Analysis Netherlands
-
Australia
.......... 152
5.2.1
Political Cultures
...................... 152
5.2.2
Biotechnology in Australia and the Netherlands
..... 154
5.3
A Tale of Two Committees
.................... 157
5.3.1
Committee for Animal Biotechnology
........... 158
5.3.2
Gene Technology Ethics Committee
........... 161
5.4
Goals of Deliberation
....................... 164
5.4.1
CAB: Tension Between Different Roles
.......... 164
5.4.2
GTEC: A Toothless Tiger
................. 167
5.5
What Types of Argument Are Valid?
............... 170
5.5.1
CAB: Narrow Terms of Reference
............. 170
5.5.2
GTEC: Narrow Problem Framing
............. 172
5.6
Who Should Participate?
...................... 174
5.6.1
CAB: Predominance of Experts
.............. 174
5.6.2
GTEC: Tokenism
..................... 178
5.7
Committees of Containment: Discussion and Conclusion
.... 181
References
................................. 186
6
Consensus Conferences: The Influence of Contexts
.......... 189
6.1
Introduction
............................ 189
6.2
Background
............................ 190
6.2.1
Deliberative Mini-publics
................. 191
6.2.2
Comparative Analysis
................... 195
6.3
Cloning and GM Food: Two Consensus Conferences
....... 199
6.3.1
Australian Consensus Conference
............. 199
6.3.2
Dutch Lay Panel
...................... 202
6.4
Goals of Deliberation
....................... 205
6.4.1
Australia: Focus on Consensus
.............. 206
6.4.2
Netherlands: Deepening the Debate
............ 208
6.5
Arguments
............................. 210
6.5.1
Australia: Trust on Trial
.................. 210
6.5.2
Netherlands: A Philosophical Framework
......... 215
6.6
Participation
............................ 216
6.6.1
Australia: Massive Learning Effect
............ 217
6.6.2
Netherlands: An Elite Affair
................ 221
6.7
The Influence of Contexts: Discussion
.............. 223
6.7.1
Comparative Analysis
................... 225
6.7.2
Depoliticisation
...................... 226
6.8
Conclusion
............................. 229
References
................................. 230
xvi
Contents
Part IV Conclusions: Deliberative Democracy Revisited
7
Implications of Empirical Results for Deliberative Theory
...... 235
7.1
Introduction
............................ 235
7.2
Theory and Practice
........................ 236
7.3
Implications of Comparative Analysis
............... 238
7.4
Political Culture
.......................... 242
7.5
Conclusion
............................. 243
References
................................. 244
Appendix A: Animal Biotechnology Debate
................ 245
Benefits of Animal
Transgenesis..................... 246
Moral Status of Animals
......................... 248
Animal Welfare
.............................. 249
Animal Integrity and Dignity
....................... 252
Conclusion
................................ 258
Appendix
В
:
Plant Biotechnology Debate
................. 261
From Green Revolution to Gene Revolution
............... 263
Justice
................................... 267
Will Biotechnology Feed the Poor?
.................... 268
Golden Rice
................................ 274
Terminator Technology
.......................... 277
Patenting
................................. 279
Owning Life
................................ 282
Bioprospecting Versus Biopiracy
..................... 283
Food Safety and Health Risks
....................... 287
Substantial Equivalence
.......................... 290
Risks
.................................... 292
Precautionary Principle
.......................... 296
Labelling
................................. 298
Environmental Consequences
....................... 301
Herbicide and Pesticide Use
....................... 302
Contamination
............................... 305
Loss of Biodiversity
............................ 307
Sustainability
............................... 308
Discussion
................................. 310
Analysis and Conclusion
......................... 312
Bibliography to Appendices A and
В
.................... 317
Websites
.................................. 324
Appendix C: Interview Questions
..................... 325
Questions Pertaining to Members of Ethics Committees
......... 325
Questions Pertaining to Representatives of Interest Groups
....... 327
Questions Pertaining to Organizers of Public Debates
.......... 328
Index
..................................... 331
Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy
29
Bernice
Bovenkerk
The Biotechnology Debate
Democracy in the Face of Intractable Disagreement
This book grounds deliberative democratic theory in a more refined understanding ot
deliberative practice, in particular when dealing with intractable moral disagreement
regarding novel technologies. While there is an ongoing, vibrant debate about the theo¬
retical merits ot deliberative democracy on the one hand, and more recently, empirical
studies
oť
specific deliberative exercises have been carried out, these two discussions
tail to speak to one another.
Debates about animal and plant biotechnology are examined as a paradigmatic case
tor intractable disagreement in today s pluralistic societies. This examination reveals
that the disagreements in this debate are multi-faceted and multi-dimensional and can
often be traced to tundamental disagreements about values or worldviews.
One of the acute insights to emerge from this examination is that deliberation can
serve different purposes vis-a-vis different types of problem. In the case of deeply
unstructured problems, like the modern biotechnology debate, the aim ot inclusion
is more appropriate than the aim of consensus. This book highlights the importance
of political culture and broader institutional settings in shaping the capacity and
propensity of citizens to engage in deliberation and the degree to which governments
are prepared to relinquish authority to deliberative mini-publics .
Robvn Eckerslev
|
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| isbn | 9789400726901 9789400726918 |
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| spelling | Bovenkerk, Bernice 1973- Verfasser (DE-588)1019940409 aut The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement by Bernice Bovenkerk Dordrecht [u.a.] Springer 2012 XIX, 334 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Library of ethics and applied philosophy 29 Teilw. zugl.: Melbourne, Univ., Diss. Unvereinbarkeit (DE-588)4229520-8 gnd rswk-swf Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 gnd rswk-swf Wertorientierung (DE-588)4132695-7 gnd rswk-swf Deliberative Demokratie (DE-588)4671998-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Deliberative Demokratie (DE-588)4671998-2 s Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 s Wertorientierung (DE-588)4132695-7 s Unvereinbarkeit (DE-588)4229520-8 s b DE-604 Library of ethics and applied philosophy 29 (DE-604)BV011932213 29 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024757715&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024757715&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Bovenkerk, Bernice 1973- The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement Library of ethics and applied philosophy Unvereinbarkeit (DE-588)4229520-8 gnd Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 gnd Wertorientierung (DE-588)4132695-7 gnd Deliberative Demokratie (DE-588)4671998-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4229520-8 (DE-588)4069491-4 (DE-588)4132695-7 (DE-588)4671998-2 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement |
| title_auth | The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement |
| title_exact_search | The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement |
| title_full | The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement by Bernice Bovenkerk |
| title_fullStr | The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement by Bernice Bovenkerk |
| title_full_unstemmed | The biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement by Bernice Bovenkerk |
| title_short | The biotechnology debate |
| title_sort | the biotechnology debate democracy in the face of intractable disagreement |
| title_sub | democracy in the face of intractable disagreement |
| topic | Unvereinbarkeit (DE-588)4229520-8 gnd Biotechnologie (DE-588)4069491-4 gnd Wertorientierung (DE-588)4132695-7 gnd Deliberative Demokratie (DE-588)4671998-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Unvereinbarkeit Biotechnologie Wertorientierung Deliberative Demokratie Hochschulschrift |
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