Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Russian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Simferopolʹ
Izdat. "Dolja"
2011
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | PST: A vault with the third and fourth century AD burials in the cemetery of Neyzats. - In kyrill. Schr., russ. |
| Beschreibung: | 69 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac |c I. N. Chrapunov |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a A vault with the third and fourth century AD burials in the cemetery of Neyzats |
| 264 | 1 | |a Simferopolʹ |b Izdat. "Dolja" |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a 69 S. |b zahlr. Ill., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a PST: A vault with the third and fourth century AD burials in the cemetery of Neyzats. - In kyrill. Schr., russ. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Склеп
с погребениями
III
-
IV
вв. н. э. из могильника Нейзац
English summary
The cemetery is located about
15
to
20
km east of Simferopol,
1.0
to
1.5
km south-east of Balanovo
village in Belogorsk administrative district of the Autonomous Republic of the Crimea, and
1.0
to
1.5
km
north of Balanovo reservoir dam. It covers the lower side of Tashly-Bair hill that limits the valley of the
Zuya river from the east (fig.
1 ).
1996-2011
regular excavations of the cemetery uncovered
492
burial structures including
78
vaults,
167
undercut graves and
247
pit graves.
Burial vault no.
306
is notable because of the features of funeral rite, as well as extraordinary for this
cemetery quantity of grave goods, so the results of its excavation deserve special publication.
The analysis of the grave goods shows that vault no.
306
was used in the third and fourth centuries AD.
The latest artefacts naturally were in the top burial layer. Discovered amidst disturbed bones artefacts could
be removed from top or bottom layer. The same could be said regarding the objects unearthed far from the
bones. This way, one can confidently identify top burial layer only with the artefacts used as grave goods
in two burials that remained in situ. Buried person I was accompanied with hand-made jug (fig.
38.1),
bone
comb (fig.
11.14),
two bronze buckles (figs.
14.7; 17.9),
two knives (figs.
16. 9; 20.6),
and awl (fig.
20.3).
Grave goods in burial II include two bronze buckles (fig.
10.9; 14.10),
knife (fig.
22.5),
awl (fig.
20.4),
frag¬
ment of bronze artefact (fig.
16.12),
and possibly axe (fig.
20.7).
Of all the aforementioned finds, buckles
have the best potential for chronological studies. They belong to type IX of the buckles from vault no.
306
and possess all the features typical of the fourth century AD buckles.
Vault no.
306
consists of entrance pit, short corridor (dromos), and burial chamber. Such a construc¬
tion is typical of the vaults in the cemetery of Neyzats as well as in other Crimean cemeteries from the Late
Roman period.
As a rule in the vaults of Neyzats cemetery, buried persons were placed on the floor of burial chamber in
one level, stretched on the back, with legs, or much rarely heads, to the entrance
(Храпунов
2011: 19-20).
In vault no.
306,
positions and orientation of the deceased correspond to those recorded in other graves,
though burial rites generally display important differences. First, earlier buried bones and grave goods were
moved aside, to the walls of burial chamber. Second, burials were made in two layers. Both the particulars
of the funeral rite are extremely typical of the Late Scythian culture. In the cemetery of Neyzats, two-layered
burials and other particulars of funeral rite with no analogy and no convincing explanation are recorded
only in one more vault no.
115
being one of the latest in the cemetery. One should also remember singular
undercut grave no.
307
with eight buried persons placed in six layers.
In the cemetery of Neyzats, there are several cases recorded similar to entrance pit of vault no.
306
containing many horse s bones but not complete skeleton of it.
In vault no.
306,
there were remains of
13
buried persons including seven men, two women, one adult
(sex undetermined), one teenager, and two children. Most burials were made in the third century AD, though
funerals continued in the fourth century AD as well.
Vaults with the construction similar to the one published became widely spread in the Crimea in the
fourth century AD. In the given case, first burials were made as late as the first half of the third century AD.
Although synchronous vaults are known, they are literally few in number. Many researchers view the vaults
with short dromos as an archaeological indicator of the migration of ancestors of mediaeval Alans from
north Caucasus to the Crimea. Although large-scale migration probably was in the late third century AD,
first migrants appeared in the Crimean foothills as late as in the first half of the century, as the excavations of
Neyzats cemetery tell us
(Храпунов 2006а; Храпунов, Мульд
2004).
Two-layered character of burials and
the rite to remove bones of the persons buried earlier seem to imply on the Late Scythians participation in
the formation of the population that created the cemetery of Neyzats. Several layers of burials and removal
of bones are also recorded in the earliest grave that survives in the cemetery of Druzhnoye, which is situated
not far from Neyzats and belongs to the same archaeological culture
(Храпунов
2002; 30-31).
Храпунов И. Н.
Grave goods from vault no.
306
allow one to discuss various sources of the culture developed in the
Crimean foothills in the Late Roman period. The cemetery of Neyzats is one of the most spectacular sites of
this culture. The majority of goods are of Late Sarmatian culture. Among them are daggers, various details
of horse harness, whip plates, badges, strap clips and fittings,
lunula,
and mirror. This group is close to other
artefacts discovered in large numbers in Sarmatian graves though produced probably outside the Sarmatian
area. Such are buckles, fibulae, bracelets, rings, small bell. All the mentioned types of goods as well as
spindle whorls, knives, whetstones are well-known in the sites of different barbarian cultures like the Late
Scythian or the Chernyakhov ones. Inalienable element of the Crimean barbarians culture became artefacts
made by ancient Greeks and Romans, like discovered in vault no.
306
amphorae, glass and red-slip vessels,
finger-rings, and glass beads. The influence of some Germanic culture reflected in the finds of bone comb,
shield boss and grip. There also is a group of locally-made artefacts that never spread outside Crimean high¬
land. It consists of hand-made vessels as well as sickle-shaped knife with bone zoomorphic handle, specific
knives with bronze appliques, and iron awls.
Generally, the observations of the sources of the formation of the cultural complex made against the
background of the study of vault no.
306
coincide with the ideas developed because of the research of all
excavated graves in the cemetery of Neyzats. The most part of the collective who buried there probably were
the descendants of steppe Sarmatians turning to settled way of life and ancestors of mediaeval Alans who
migrated from the North Caucasus. They were joined by a group of Late Scythian population. The popula¬
tion of the Zuya river valley received Greco-Roman artefacts in result of exchange or in other non-economic
way. One can only guess how not numerous Germanic artefacts appeared in graves though such ideas would
not have scholarly background.
Translated from Russian by Nikita Khrapunov
|
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| spelling | Chrapunov, Igorʹ Nikolaevič Verfasser (DE-588)1018932232 aut Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac I. N. Chrapunov A vault with the third and fourth century AD burials in the cemetery of Neyzats Simferopolʹ Izdat. "Dolja" 2011 69 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier PST: A vault with the third and fourth century AD burials in the cemetery of Neyzats. - In kyrill. Schr., russ. Geschichte 200-400 gnd rswk-swf Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd rswk-swf Mogilʹnik Nejzac (DE-588)7826287-2 gnd rswk-swf Mogilʹnik Nejzac (DE-588)7826287-2 g Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 s Geschichte 200-400 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024666258&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Chrapunov, Igorʹ Nikolaevič Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4071507-3 (DE-588)7826287-2 |
| title | Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac |
| title_alt | A vault with the third and fourth century AD burials in the cemetery of Neyzats |
| title_auth | Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac |
| title_exact_search | Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac |
| title_full | Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac I. N. Chrapunov |
| title_fullStr | Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac I. N. Chrapunov |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac I. N. Chrapunov |
| title_short | Sklep s pogrebenijami III - IV vv. n. ė. iz mogilʹnika Nejzac |
| title_sort | sklep s pogrebenijami iii iv vv n e iz mogilʹnika nejzac |
| topic | Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Funde Mogilʹnik Nejzac |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024666258&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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