Children for families or families for children: the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S.
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht [u.a.]
Springer
2011
|
| Schriftenreihe: | The Springer series on demographic methods and population analysis
29 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 218 S. graph. Darst. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9789048189717 9789048189724 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Children for families or families for children |b the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. |c Mary Ann Davis |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804148644417372160 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Children for families or families for children
Autor: Davis, Mary Ann
Jahr: 2011
Contents
Part I Overview
1 Adoption as a Support System for Orphaned, Abandoned,
or Voluntarily Placed Children..................... 3
1.1 Introduction............................ 3
1.2 Overview: Adoption as a Support System for Orphaned,
Abandoned, or Voluntarily Placed Children............ 3
1.2.1 Types of Adoptions .................... 5
1.2.2 Preferred Adopter..................... 7
1.2.3 Preferred Adoptees..................... 8
1.3 Hard to Place Foster Children.................. 9
1.3.1 Who Adopts These Special Needs Foster Children? ... 9
1.3.2 Multi-Ethnic Placement Act of 1994; The
Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997......... 10
1.3.3 Adoptions Supported and Tax Benefits Received..... 10
1.3.4 Adoption Subsidies .................... 10
1.4 National Survey of Adoptive Parents (NSAP)........... 11
1.4.1 Overview of NSAP .................... 11
1.4.2 NSAP Findings ...................... 12
1.4.3 Discussion of National Survey of Adoptive Parents . ... 19
1.5 The Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting
System (AFCARS) ........................ 20
1.5.1 Overview of AFCARS................... 20
1.5.2 Findings.......................... 20
1.6 Conclusion............................. 22
References................................. 22
2 History: The Changing Face of Adoption............... 25
2.1 Precursors to U. S. Adoption Laws................ 25
2.2 The Colonial Era.......................... 27
2.3 Prior to the Civil War....................... 28
2.3.1 Early Care for Dependent Children............ 28
2.3.2 Orphan Trains....................... 29
xii Contents
2.3.3 Orphanages ........................ 32
2.3.4 Orphanages versus Orphan Trains............. 34
2.4 The Progressive Era........................ 34
2.4.1 Modern Care for Children................. 34
2.4.2 The Rise of Adoption Legislation............. 35
2.4.3 The Professionalization of Child Placement........ 36
2.4.4 The Maternity Home Movement.............. 37
2.5 The Professionalization of Adoptions............... 39
2.6 The Heyday of Adoptions..................... 43
2.7 Domestic Interracial Adoptions.................. 45
2.8 Color Blind Racism in Adoptions................ 47
2.9 Current Adoption Issues...................... 48
2.9.1 Recent Adoption Legislation: The Multiethnic
Placement Act of 1995................... 48
2.9.2 The Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997....... 48
2.9.3 The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978........... 49
2.9.4 The Hague Convention of 1993 on Protection
of Children and Co-operation in Respect
of Intercountry Adoption ................. 50
2.10 Adoption and the Media in the 21st Century........... 52
2.11 Conclusion............................. 54
References................................. 55
Part II A Demographic Analysis of Adoptions in the United States
3 Sources of Adoption Data........................ 61
3.1 Introduction............................ 61
3.2 Overview of National Registration Data Issues.......... 62
3.3 Family Court System ....................... 62
3.4 The National Center for Health Statistics............. 64
3.4.1 National Surveys and the National Center for
Health Statistics (NCHS) ................. 65
3.4.2 The National Survey of Adoptive Parents (NSAP) .... 65
3.4.3 The National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG)..... 66
3.5 The Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting
System (AFCARS) ........................ 68
3.5.1 Overview of AFCARS................... 68
3.5.2 Variables.......................... 68
3.6 The Child Welfare League of America National Data
Analysis System (NDAS)..................... 69
3.6.1 Overview of the National Data Analysis System..... 69
3.6.2 National Data Analysis System Variables......... 70
3.7 Department of Homeland Security and State
Department: Immigration Data.................. 70
3.7.1 Overview of Immigration Data.............. 70
Contents xiii
3.7.2 Immigration Variables................... 71
3.8 The U. S. 2000 Census, The Five Percent Public Use
Microdata Sample (IPUMS).................... 71
3.8.1 IPUMS Overview..................... 71
3.8.2 IPUMS Adoption Variables................ 71
3.9 Hague Convention Annual Statistical Reports........... 72
3.9.1 Hague Convention Overview ............... 72
3.9.2 Hague Convention Variables................ 73
3.10 Conclusion............................. 73
References................................. 77
4 Adoption Behavior of U.S. Women................... 79
4.1 Introduction: Predictors of the Likelihood of Adoption...... 79
4.2 Hypotheses............................. 79
4.3 Methodology............................ 80
4.3.1 Variables.......................... 82
4.3.2 Analyses.......................... 85
4.3.3 Results........................... 85
4.3.4 Discussion......................... 91
4.4 The Effects of Race and Ethnicity on Adoption Behavior..... 96
4.4.1 A Closer Look at the Discrepancy in Adoption
Behavior of Blacks..................... 96
4.4.2 Hypotheses......................... 98
4.4.3 Analyses.......................... 99
4.4.4 Results........................... 100
4.4.5 Discussion......................... 101
References................................. 103
5 Demographic and Social Issues of Same-Sex Adoptions....... 105
5.1 Introduction............................ 105
5.1.1 Background: The Social Movement and the
Lesbian Baby Boom ................... 105
5.1.2 Psychological Health of Adoptees by Same-Sex Couples . 106
5.2 The Legality of Same-Sex Adoptions............... 108
5.2.1 Best Interest of the Child ................. 108
5.2.2 Legal Structure of Adoptions by States.......... 110
5.2.3 Do Couples and Agencies Function Within the Law? . . . 112
5.3 Intercountry Adoptions for Gay Males and Lesbians....... 113
5.4 The Demography of Same-Sex Adoptions: What is the
Extent of Same-Sex Adoptions?.................. 115
5.4.1 Who are the Children of Same-Sex Couples?....... 116
5.5 Methodology: IPUMS Analyses of Adoptions by Same
Sex Unmarried Couples...................... 116
5.5.1 Results........................... 117
5.5.2 Discussion......................... 118
xjv Contents
5.6 Survey Data............................ 119
5.6.1 National Survey of Family Growth Cycle 6
Attitude Question..................... 119
5.6.2 Evan B. Donaldson Institute National Survey....... 119
5.6.3 National Survey of Adoptive Parents (NSAP)....... 121
5.7 Conclusion............................. 121
References................................. 123
Part III Intercountry Adoptions
6 Intercountry Adoption to the United States.............. 129
6.1 Introduction............................ 129
6.1.1 Intercountry Adoption as a Migratory Flow. Push
and Pull Factors...................... 129
6.1.2 Do Adoptions Follow Migration Theories?........ 130
6.1.3 The United States as a Top Recipient
of Intercountry Adoptees ................. 131
6.2 Historical Intercountry Adoption Waves ............. 132
6.2.1 Wave One: The Push of War Orphans........... 132
6.2.2 The Axis Powers...................... 133
6.2.3 Korea............................ 134
6.2.4 Vietnam.......................... 137
6.2.5 The Pull of Military Families Supporting ICAs...... 138
6.3 Wave Two: Latin America..................... 140
6.3.1 Push and Pull factors.................... 140
6.3.2 Legal and Ethical Issues: The Market for Latin
American ICAs...................... 140
6.4 Wave Three: Eastern European Adoptions ............ 143
6.4.1 Communist Bloc Countries: The Push of
Economic and Political Instability............. 143
6.4.2 Pull Factors: Media Portrayals of Available Orphans . . . 144
6.4.3 Romania.......................... 146
6.5 Wave Four: China......................... 150
6.5.1 Push Factors: Population Policy and Economic
Development Issues.................... 150
6.5.2 Pull Factor of European , Asian or Latin
American Status ..................... 152
6.6 Africa a Fifth Wave........................ 153
6.6.1 Background: The Crisis of HIV/AIDS Orphans...... 153
6.6.2 Pull Factors: The Question of Desirability ........ 153
6.7 Hague Convention of the Rights of the Child........... 154
6.8 The Value of Adoptees....................... 157
6.9 Conclusion............................. 159
References................................. 161
Contents xv
7 Intercountry Adoption to the United States:
A Quantitative Analysis......................... 167
7.1 Introduction............................ 167
7.1.1 Do ICAs Follow Migration Theories?........... 167
7.1.2 Supply and Demand.................... 168
7.1.3 Institutional Support for ICAs............... 168
7.2 Methodology............................ 169
7.2.1 Hypotheses......................... 169
7.2.2 Analyses.......................... 169
7.3 Results............................... 171
7.4 Future Issues............................ 178
7.5 Conclusion............................. 180
References................................. 181
8 Global Intercountry Adoptions..................... 183
8.1 Introduction............................ 183
8.2 The Value of Adoptees....................... 184
8.2.1 The Marketing of Children: Internet Sites
and the Mass Media.................... 184
8.2.2 The Baby Market: Adoptees as Global Commodities ... 185
8.3 The Hague Adoption Convention................. 186
8.4 Methodology............................ 188
8.4.1 Hypotheses and Data.................... 189
8.4.2 Analyses.......................... 190
8.5 Results............................... 191
8.6 Conclusion............................. 200
References................................. 201
9 Conclusion................................ 203
9.1 Data Issues............................. 203
9.2 How Are Adoptions Quantified? ................. 206
9.3 What Are the Future Adoption Trends in the U.S.?........ 207
9.3.1 Fostering as a Pathway to Adoption............ 208
9.3.2 Infertility and Adoption.................. 208
9.3.3 Intercountry Adoptions .................. 209
References................................. 210
Index..................................... 213
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| spelling | Davis, Mary Ann Verfasser aut Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. Mary Ann Davis Dordrecht [u.a.] Springer 2011 XV, 218 S. graph. Darst. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The Springer series on demographic methods and population analysis 29 Adoption--United States. The Springer series on demographic methods and population analysis 29 (DE-604)BV022289640 29 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024599335&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Davis, Mary Ann Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. The Springer series on demographic methods and population analysis |
| title | Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. |
| title_auth | Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. |
| title_exact_search | Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. |
| title_full | Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. Mary Ann Davis |
| title_fullStr | Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. Mary Ann Davis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. Mary Ann Davis |
| title_short | Children for families or families for children |
| title_sort | children for families or families for children the demography of adoption behavior in the u s |
| title_sub | the demography of adoption behavior in the U.S. |
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