Justiţia penală de tranziţie: de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Romanian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Iaşi
Polirom
2009
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 282 S. |
| ISBN: | 9789734614417 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1822792547506847744 |
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| adam_text |
Cuprins
Lista documentelor . 11
Mulfumiri . 13
Introducere . 15
Partea 1
De la Nürnberg la decomunizare: evolu^ia §i dilemele justi{iei penale de tranzifie
1. Nürnberg : piatra de temelie a justiçiei penale de tranziçie .33
1.1. Semnificaîia proceselor de la Nürnberg . 35
1.2. Criticile aduse proceselor de la Nürnberg . 39
1.3. Nürnberg, un model al justiciei penale de tranzipe . 40
2. Europa de Sud.43
2.1. Portugaiia : justifia revolucionará ca obstacol în calea democratizàrii .43
2.2. Grecia : procésele ca delegitimare a fostului regim . 46
2.3. Spania : institucionalizarea uitârii .49
3. America de Sud .-. 51
3.1. Argentina : mobilizare civicà pentru dreptate . 52
3.2. Bolivia : un unie procès simbolic . 55
3.3. Chile : de la autoamnistiere la constrângerile dreptului internacional . 57
3.4. Uruguay : renuntarea la pretenda punitivâ a statului . 61
4. Africa de Sud : justicia restaurativa .64
5. Europa de Est .68
5.1. Germania : ordinea de drept ca fundament al tranzipei la democracie . 70
5.2. Polonia : rolul institutelor de investigare a crimelor trecutului
în justicia penalà de tranziîie . 75
5.3. Ungaria : prescripîia ca formà de impunitate a fostului regim . 82
5.4. Cehoslovacia ; „Justicia nu judecâ istoria, ci respectarea legilor" . 85
5.5. Bulgaria : dificultatea de a condamna politici de stat . 90
5.6. Albania: dependenta justitiei penale de interésele politice .94
5.7. Tärile baltice: chestiunea dublului genocid §i a dublei ocupajii .97
5.8. Rusia: consolidarea unei uitäri neafírmate . 102
Partea a ll-a
Justitia penalá de tranzóle tn Románia postcomunistá
6. Desprinderea de comunism .109
6.1. Comunismul románese §i momentul decembrie 1989 . 109
6.2. Cadrul legal al condamnárii crimelor comunismului In Románia . 112
6.2.1. Decretele de amnistié . 112
6.2.2. Termenele de prescripjie . 113
6.2.3. Crimele imprescriptibile . 115
6.3. Tkxonomia proceselor de tranzitie din Románia . 119
7. Procesul Ceau§escu - paravan al schimbárii politice .121
7.1. Constituirea tribunalului $i componen# completului de judecatá .121
7.2. „Genocidul lent” §i condamnarea politicilor statului comunist .123
7.3. Procesul ca sursä de legitimare politicä .125
8. Condamnárile pentru genocid din anii 1990-1991 . 131
8.1. Probatoriul „genocidului” din decembrie . 131
8.2. Opinia publicä §i emergenta conceptului de „proces al comunismului” .134
9. Abandonarea „justitiei revolutionäre” .138
9.1. Procesul membrilor CPEx .138
9.1.1. Prima instan# §i abandonarea acuzatiei de genocid .144
9.1.2. Achitarea generala in Instanta Suprema .145
9.1.3. Recursul extraordinär §i condamnárile definitive .147
9.2. Reevaluarea condamnärilor pentru genocid .149
9.3. Gratierile §i eliberarile pe caz de boalá . 149
9.4. Raport ri la procésele fbgtilor demnitari comunigti. . 150
10. Procésele militarilor: justijia tn slujba puterii politice .154
10.1. 1990-1994: inculparea Ministerului de Interne $i exonerarea Armatei .155
10.1.1. Scurtfi prezentare a cazurilor judecate tn perioada 1990-1996 . 156
10.1.2. Scopurile legitimatoare de exonerärii Armatei .164
10.2. Procésele de dupá 1997. Armata - artizan al represiunii din decembrie 1989 . 168
10.2.1. Procesul Stanculescu-Chitac §i delegitimarea indirecta
a Frontului Salvärii Nationale .169
10.2.2. Armata ca responsabil al represiunii din 17-21 decembrie . 173
10.2.3. Armata ca responsabil al violentelor de dupá 22 decembrie .178
11. „Procesui comunismului” : între constrângeri procédurale,
dezinteres politic $i activism haotic .182
11.1. Scurtä prezentare a cazurilor .183
11.1.1. Cazul Dräghici-Briceag - precedent al suspendärii
cursului prescriptiei .183
11.1.2. Cazul „Autobuzul” - prima condamnare a unor ofijeri
de Securitate pentru abuzurile trecutului .185
11.1.3. Cazul Gheorghe Ursu - succesul parlai al militantismului civic .189
11.1.4. Cazul Gheorghe Cräciun - premisa incriminärii
politicilor de stat comuniste .193
11.1.5. Sesizärile penale din anii 2004-2007 . 194
11.2. Actorii politici §i civici fa(ä in fajä cu procesele comunismului .196
Concluzii . 201
Documente. 213
Bibliografie selectivä .277
Lista persoanelor intervievate . 283
Bibliografie seiectivä
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De Waele, Jean-Michel (ed.), Les clivages politiques en Europe centrale et orientale, Éditions de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, 2004.
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Ellis, Mark, „Purging the Past. The Current State of Lustration Laws in the Former Communist Block”, Law and Contemporary Problems, vol. 59, 1996.
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Elster, Jon, Closing the Books. Transitional Justice in Historical Perspective» Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, 2004.
Evans, Richard J., „History, Memory and the Law : The Historian as Expert Witness”, History and Theory, nr. 4, 2002.
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Garapon, Antoine ; Gros, Frédéric ; Pech, Thierry, Et ce sera justice : punir en démocratie, Odile Jacob, Paris, 2001.
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Georgescu, Vlad, Politicà §i ïstorie. Cazul comuniçtilor români 1944-1977, Humanitas, Bucureçti, 1990.
Grosescu, Raluca, „The Political Regrouping of the Romanian Nomenklatura during the 1989 Revolution”, The Romanian Journal of Society and Politics, nr. 1, 2004.
Hart, Herbert L.A., „Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals”, Harvard Law Review, vol. 71, nr. 4, 1958.
Hart, Herbert L.A., The Concept of Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, 1997.
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Hite, Katherine ; Cesarini, Paola (ed.), Authoritarian Legacies and Democracy in Latin America and Soutem Europe, University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, IN, 2004.
279
Bibliografie selectivä
Horowitz, Shale ; Schnabel, Albrecht, Human rights and societies in transition : causes, consequences, responses, United Nations University Press, 2004.
Huntington, Samuel, The Third Wave : Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century, University of Oklahoma Press, Londra, 1991.
Iliescu, Ion, Revolufia tràitâ, Editura Redactiei publica$iilor pentru strâinàtate, Bucure§ti, 1995.
Ionescu, Ghijâ, Comunismul în România, Libra, Bucure§ti, 1994.
Kirchheimer, Otto, Political Justice : The Use of Legal Procedure for Political Ends, Greenwood Press, Westport, 1961.
Kritz, Neil (ed.), Transitional Justice, United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington,
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Kuzio, Taras, „Transition in Post-Communist States: Triple or Quadruple?”, Politics, vol. 21, nr. 3, 2001.
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Lefranc, Sandrine, Politiques du pardon. Amnistie et transitions démocratiques. Une approche comparative, tezà de doctorat, Institut d’Études Politiques de Paris, 2000.
Linz, Juan L. ; Stepan, Alfred, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation : Southern Europe, South America and Post-Communist Europe, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Londra, 1996.
Los, Maria; Zybertowicz, Andrzej, Privatizing the Police-State. The case of Poland, St. Martin’s Press, New York, 2000.
McAdams, James (ed.), Transitional Justice and the Rule of Law in New Democracies, University of Notre Dame Press, 1997.
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Offe, Claus, „Disqualification, Retribution, Restitution : Dilemmas of Justice in Post-Communist Transitions”, Journal of Political Philosophy, vol. 1, nr. 1, 1993.
Orentlicher, Diane, „Settling Accounts : The Duty to Prosecute Human Rights Violations
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Bibliografie selectivä
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Osiel, Marc, Mass Atrocity, Collective Memory, and the Law, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, 1997.
Pearson, Owen, Albania in the Twentieth Century, A History, vol. Ill: Albania as Dictatorship and Democracy, 1945-1999, IB Tauris, Londra, New York, 2007.
Resina, Joan Ramon (ed.), Disremembering the Dictatorship : the politics of memory in the Spanish transition to democracy, Rodopi, 2000.
Roht-Arriaza, Naomi, Impunity and Human Rights in International Law and Practice, Oxford University Press, 1995.
Rotberg, Robert I.; Thompson, Dennis (ed.), Truth vs. Justice: The Morality of Truth Commissions, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2000.
Rousso, Henry, The Haunting Past: History, Memory and Justice in Contemporary France, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 2002.
Sikkink, Kathryn, Booth Walling, Carrie, „The Impact of Human Rights Trials in Latin America”, Journal of Peace Research, vol. 44, nr. 4, 2007.
Smith, Peter H., Democracy in Latin America: Political Change in Comparative Perspective, Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, 2005.
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281
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Wolfe, Robert, „Flaws in the Nuremberg Legacy: An Impediment to International War Crimes Tribunals’ Prosecution of Crimes Against Humanity”, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, vol. 12, nr. 3, 1998.
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Documente
ACMAB, dosar nr. 15/P/1999, „Rechizitoriu din 8 aprilie 1993”.
ACMAB, dosar nr. 3/2000, „Sentin{a nr. 10 din 29 octombrie 2001".
ACMAB, dosar nr. 52/1994, „Decizia nr. 105 din 10 decembrie 1997 a Cur{ii Militare de Apel Bucuregti”.
AÍCCJ , dosar nr. 2956/1998, „Sentinja nr. 33 din 9 aprilie 2003”.
AÍCCJ, dosar färä numär, „Decizia nr. 8/25 februarie 2000”.
AÍCCJ, dosar färä numär, „Sentinla nr. 9/15 iulie 1999”.
AÍCCJ, dosar nr. 2932/1998, „Decizia nr. 1292 din 12 martie 2002 a Curpi Supreme de Justine - Secjia Penalä”.
AÍCCJ, dosar nr. 3/2003, „Decizia nr. 1 din 27 ianuarie 2003 a Curjii Supreme de Justipe - Secpile Unite”.
AÍCCJ, dosar nr. 3/2003, „Sentinfa nr. 2 din 14 iulie 1995 a Curjii Supreme de Justicie, Seclia Militarä”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar ll/P/1996, „Rechizitoriu din decembrie 1997 cu privire la generalii ln rezervä Victor-Atanasie Stänculescu §i Mihai Chirac”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar färä numär, „Sinteza aspectelor rezultate din ánchetele efectúate de Parchetul Militar ln perioada 1990-1994, in cauzele privind evenimentele din decembrie 1989”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar nr. 2/P/1990, „Rechizitoriu din 22 ianuarie 1990”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar nr. 217/P/ 1997, „Rechizitoriu din mai 1998”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar nr. 49/P/2000, „Rechizitoriu din 22 noiembrie 2000".
APMÍCCJ, dosar nr. 59/P/1998, „Rechizitoriu din 2 august 1999”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar nr. 65/P/1990, „Rechizitoriu din 27 februarie 1990”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar nr. 81/P/1990, „Rechizitoriu din 17 iulie 1990”.
APMÍCCJ, dosar nr. 90/P/1990, „Rechizitoriu din 12 noiembrie 1990”.
ATMTB, dosar nr. 112/1993, „Sentida nr. 68 din 6 iulie 1993 a Tribunalului Militar Teritorial Bucure$ti - Secpa Fbnd”.
ATMTB, dosar nr. 126/1990, „Decizia nr. 53 din 12 decembrie 1991 a Curjii Supreme de Justicie - Secjia Militarä”.
ATMTB, dosar nr. 126/1990, „Recurs extraordinär al Procurorului General al Romániei”.
ATMTB, dosar nr. 126/1990, „Sentin{a nr. 11 din 25 martie 1991 a Tribunalului Militar Bucuresti - Secpa Fond”.
Bibliografie selectivä
282
ATMTB, dosar nr. 126/1990, „Decizia nr. 37 din 20 aprilie 1992 a Cur{ii Supreme de Justicie - completul de $apte judecätori*.
ATMTB, dosar nr. 33/1990 , „Sentinca nr. 2/2 februarie 1990”.
ATMTB, dosar nr. 417/2003, „Rechizitoriu din 24 decembrie 1989 al Direciiei Procuraturii Militare Bucure$ti”.
ATMTB, dosar nr. 417/2003, „SentinCa nr. 1/25 decembrie 1989 a Tribunalului Militar Excepcional Bucure§ti”.
Convencía asupra imprescriptibilitácii crimelor de räzboi $i a crimelor Impotriva umanitäcii. Rezolucia ONU nr. 2391 (XXII), din 26 noiembrie 1968.
Convencía asupra prevenirii §i pedepsirit crimei de genocid. Rezolucia ONU nr. 230 din 9 decembrie 1948.
Statutul Tribunalului Militar Internacional - Convencía de la Londra din 8 august 1945. |
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| author | Grosescu, Raluca 1977- Ursachi, Raluca ca. 20./21. Jh |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)969446890 (DE-599)BVBBV039743830 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Rumänien |
| id | DE-604.BV039743830 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-31T19:07:16Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)10168749-7 |
| isbn | 9789734614417 |
| language | Romanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024591437 |
| oclc_num | 969446890 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M496 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-M496 DE-12 |
| physical | 282 S. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Polirom |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Grosescu, Raluca 1977- Verfasser (DE-588)1026902991 aut Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc Raluca Grosescu ; Raluca Ursachi Iaşi Polirom 2009 282 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Postkommunismus (DE-588)4998161-4 gnd rswk-swf Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 gnd rswk-swf Strafrecht (DE-588)4057795-8 gnd rswk-swf Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 gnd rswk-swf Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 s Strafrecht (DE-588)4057795-8 s DE-604 Rumänien (DE-588)4050939-4 g Postkommunismus (DE-588)4998161-4 s Ursachi, Raluca ca. 20./21. Jh. Verfasser (DE-588)1095698311 aut Institutul de Investigare a Crimelor Comunismului în România Sonstige (DE-588)10168749-7 oth Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024591437&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024591437&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Grosescu, Raluca 1977- Ursachi, Raluca ca. 20./21. Jh Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc Postkommunismus (DE-588)4998161-4 gnd Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 gnd Strafrecht (DE-588)4057795-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4998161-4 (DE-588)4175047-0 (DE-588)4057795-8 (DE-588)4050939-4 |
| title | Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc |
| title_auth | Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc |
| title_exact_search | Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc |
| title_full | Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc Raluca Grosescu ; Raluca Ursachi |
| title_fullStr | Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc Raluca Grosescu ; Raluca Ursachi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Justiţia penală de tranziţie de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc Raluca Grosescu ; Raluca Ursachi |
| title_short | Justiţia penală de tranziţie |
| title_sort | justitia penala de tranzitie de la nurnberg la postcomunismul romanesc |
| title_sub | de la Nürnberg la postcomunismul românesc |
| topic | Postkommunismus (DE-588)4998161-4 gnd Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 gnd Strafrecht (DE-588)4057795-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Postkommunismus Politischer Wandel Strafrecht Rumänien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024591437&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024591437&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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