Emotion:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
[Belmont, CA]
Wadsworth Cengage Learning
2012
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. ; internat. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXI, 454 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781111346133 1111346135 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Shiota, Michelle N. |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1065825137 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Emotion |c Michelle N. Shiota ; James W. Kalat |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. ; internat. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a [Belmont, CA] |b Wadsworth Cengage Learning |c 2012 | |
| 300 | |a XXI, 454 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024578243 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804148612818534400 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
PREFACE
xix
part
I
General Principtes
and Issues
t
1
The Nature of Emotion
2
What Is Emotion?
3
Research Methods: Inducing Emotion
6
Research Methods: Measuring Emotion
7
Self-Reports
8
Physiological Measurements
9
Behavioral Observations
12
Theories of Emotion
13
The
James-Lange
Theory
13
The Cannon-Burd Theory
14
The Schachter-Singer Theory
15
Relationships Among Cognition, Feeling, Physiology,
and Behavior
17
The Speed oj Emotional Appraises
17
Are Body Sensations Necessary for Emotional Feeling?
19
Are Emotional Behaviors Necessary for Emotional Feeling?
Do They Determine Emotional Feelings?
20
Overall Evaluation of the
James-Lange
Theory
25
Classification of Emotions
25
The Bask Emotions Model
26
vii
VU!
CONTENTS
Dimensional Modeb
of
Emotion 26
Emotions as Compounds of Underlying Processes
29
Summary
30
Key Terms
31
Thought Questions
32
Suggestions for Research Projects
32
Suggestions for Further Reading
32
2
The Evolution of Emotion
33
An Evolutionary Perspective on Emotion
34
Bask Prindples of Evolutionary Theory
34
Emotions as Adaptations
37
Emotions as Superordinate Neural Programs
39
Inteapersonal
Functions of Emotion
42
Social Functions of Emotion
42
Are Some Aspects of Emotion Universal?
43
Fadal Expressions of Emotion
44
Appraisals and Emotion
50
Physiological Aspects of Emotion
53
Summary
56
Key Terms
56
Thought Questions
57
Suggestions for Research Projects
57
Suggestions for Further Reading
57
3
Culture and Emotion
58
What Is Culture?
59
A Definition and its Implications
59
Cultural Differences in Concepts of Emotion
60
Do Ail Cultures Have the Same Bask Emotions?
62
The Sapir-Wherf Hypothesis
64
Hyper- vs. Hypo-cognized Emotions
65
Cultural Differences in Emotion Processes
66
Culture and Emotional Appraisals
66
Culturé
Differences in Expressing Emotions
67
Cultura
Dijjkrenas in Interpreting Facial Expressions
70
Aspects of Culture That Predict Differences in Emotion
72
CONTENTS
IX
Individualism vs. Collectivism
71
Power Distance: Vertical vs. Horizontal Societies
73
linear Versus Dialectical Epistemology
75
Methodological Issues in Studying Culture
76
Integrating Evolutionary and Cultural Approaches
77
Ekman
(1972):
Nemo-Cultural Theory of Emotion
78
Russell
(1991):
Emotion Episodes as Socially
Construtíed
Scripts
79
Keltner and Haidt
(1999):
Levels of Analysis
79
Summary
80
Key Terms
81
Thought Questions
81
Suggestions for Research Projects
82
Suggestions for Further Reading
82
4
Emotion and the Body:
Autonomie
Nervous
System and Hormones
83
The
Autonomie
Nervous System
84
Fight or Flight : The Sympathetic Nervous System
84
Rest and Digest : The Parasympathetic Nervous System
86
How the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems Work
Together
87
Hormones and the Endocrine System
88
Measuring Physiological Aspects of Emotion
89
Commonly Used Measures
89
Measurement Challenges
92
The Sympathetic Nervous System and Emotion
93
Coherence of Physiological Aspects with Feelings
and Behavior
94
Autonomie
Nervous System Differences Among Emotions
95
Physiological Aspects of Positive Emotions
98
Stress and Its Health Consequences
99
Hans Selye and the Discovery of Stress
99
Defining and Measuring Stress
101
How Stress Can Affect Health
103
The Parasympathetic Nervous System and Emotion
107
Summary
107
Key Terms
108
CONTENTS
Thought Questions
109
Suggestions for Research Projects
109
Suggestions for Further Reading
109
Emotion and the Brain: The Central Nervous
System
110
Methods Used to Study Emotion and the Brain 111
Lesion Studies
112
Ehăroencepkalography
(EEG)
Measures
112
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (JMRI)
114
Neurochemhtry Techniques
116
The Amygdala and Emotion: A History
117
Observations of Animals ana Humans with Amygdala
Lesions
118
Laboratory Studies of Fear Conditioning
118
Studies of the
Amygåala
and Human Fear
120
Beyond Fear: The Amygdala and Other Emotions
121
The Amygdala and Emotional Memory
122
Emotion Neuroanatomy: Some Important Structures
123
The
Hypothalamus
123
The Insular Cortex
125
The
Pręfrontal
Cortex
126
Nucleus Accumhens and Ventral Tegmental Area: The Reward
Circuit of the Brain
128
Emotion Neurochemistry: Some Important
Neurotransmitters
130
Dopamine
130
Serotonin
131
Beta-Endorphins and the Opioid Peptides
133
Summary
133
Key Terms
133
Thought Questions
134
Suggestions for Research Projects
135
Suggestions for Further Reading
135
б
Emotion Regulation
136
Freud s Ego Defense
Mediani
of Coping
136
A Process Model of Emotion Regulation
138
Freud s Ego Defense Mechanisms: An Early Taxonomy
of Coping
136
CONTENTS
ХІ
Situation-Focused Strategies
139
Cognition-Focused Strategies
142
Attentional Control
142
Cognitive Reappraisal
144
Different Types of Reappraisal
146
Response-Focused Strategies
147
Expressing Your Feelings
147
Exercise
149
Relaxation
150
Suppressing Emotional Expression
151
Emotional Escape Strategies; Drugs, Alcohol, ana Food
151
The
Neurobiołogy
of Emotion Regulation
151
Which Emotion Regulation Strategies Are Best?
152
Summary
154
Key Terms
154
Thought Questions
155
Suggestion for Research Project
155
Suggestion for Further Reading
155
part II Some Individual Emotions
157
7
Fear and Anxiety
1
58
What Do We Fear?
159
Fear and Attention to Threats
160
Behavioral Measures of Fear and Anxiety
162
Facial Expression of Fear
162
Facilitation of the Startle Reflex
163
Other Behavioral Measures
164
The Biology of Fear and Anxiety
164
Autonomie
Nervous System Responses
164
Application: Anxiety and Lie Detection
166
The Behavioral Inhibition System
168
The Amygdala and Startle Response Facilitation
168
The Amygdala and Detection of Danger
169
Neurochemktry: Anxiolytics and Their Mechanisms
171
Individual Differences in Fear and Anxiety
171
Genetics
172
Impact of Anxiety on Daly Life
172
XÜ CONTENTS
Summary
174
Key Terms
174
Thought Questions
175
Suggestions for Further Reading
175
8
Anger and Disgust
176
What Elicits Anger?
177
Prototypical Anger Situations
1 77
The Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
178
The
Cognitive-Neoassoáationistk
Model: Anger Without
Attribution?
178
The Impact of Control Appraisals
179
Putting It All Together: What Elicits Anger?
180
Measuring Anger and Aggression
181
Self-Reports of Anger
181
Facial Expression of Anger
182
Aggressive Behaviors
184
Implicit Measures of Anger and Aggression
184
The Biology of Anger and Aggression
185
The Neuroanatomy of Anger and Aggression
185
Neurochemistry: Serotonin and Testosterone
186
Anger and the
Autonomie
Nervous System
187
Individual and
Sitiiaüonal
Differences
187
Who Becomes Aggressive?
187
Genetta
and Aggression
189
Sex Differences in Anger and Aggression
190
Family Environment
191
Effects of Watching Media
Vióleme
192
Application: Violence Prevention
193
Reconciliation
193
Controlling Childhood Aggressive Behavior
194
Controlling Anger in Adulthood
194
Disgust
195
is Disgust an Emotion?
195
What Elicits
ĽHsgust?
196
The Biology of Disgust
198
Core Versus Moral Disgust
199
CONTENTS Xiii
Disgust:
Development
and Individual Differences
199
Unlearning Disgust
200
Summary
200
Key Terms
201
Thought Questions
201
Suggestions for Further Reading
202
9
Love
203
Is Love an Emotion?
204
The Prototype Approach to Love
204
Three Types of Love?: Bowlby and the Affectional Bonds
205
Lave as Attachment to Parents and Other Caregivers
206
Nurturant Love and the Caregiving System
207
Sexual Desire
209
Bowlhy, Revisited: Three Kinds of Love?
212
Oxytocin: The Love Transmitter?
212
The Biology of Attachment? Endogenous Opiates
214
Empathy
215
Romantic Love and Marriage
217
Predicting Romantic Attraction
2Í9
Attachment in Adult Romantic Relationships
220
Marital Stability and Satisfaaion
223
Attachment and Friendship
226
Summary
227
Key Terms
228
Thought Questions
229
Suggestion for Research Project
229
Suggestions for Further Reading
229
10
Happiness and the Positive Emotions
230
Is Happiness an Emotion?
231
Measuring Trait Happiness
232
What Makes People Happy?
233
Self-Reported Causes of Happiness
233
Personality: The Top-Down Theory of Happiness
234
Wealth and Happiness
235
Other Correlates of Happiness
237
Some Variables with Surprisingly Weak Influences
238
XIV CONTENTS
Events
That
Ornease
Life
Satisfađion
239
Aaivities
That May Inaease Life Satisfaaion
239
Positive Emotion States
240
Funtíion:
The Broaden-and-BuiU Theory of Positive
Emotions
240
Positive Emotion as a Contrast
Effeü 24Í
Fadai
Expressions of Positive Emotion
241
Physiological Measures of Positive Emotion
244
Enthusiasm: The Anticipation of Reward
245
Contentment
246
Hope and Optimism
247
Amusement and Humor
248
What Makes Something Funny?
249
What Makes People Laugh?
249
Laughter and Health?
251
Summary
252
Key Terms
252
Thought Questions
253
Suggestions for Research Projects
253
Suggestions for Further Reading
253
11
The Self-Conscious Emotions
254
Embarrassment, Shame, and Guilt: One
Emotion or Three?
254
Embarrassment
256
Experiences That Evoke Embarrassment
257
Facial Expression of Embarrassment
259
Individual Differences in Embarrassment
260
Shame and Guilt
261
Guilt and Repentance
263
Pride
264
Expression of Pride
264
Cultural Differences in Embarrassment, Shame,
and Pride
265
Jealousy and Envy
266
Summary
267
Key Terms
267
Thought Questions
268
Suggestion for Further Reading
268
CONTENTS
XV
part III Emotion Research in
Subdisciplines
of
Psychology
269
12
Development of Emotion
270
Emotion in Newborn Infants
272
Crying
272
Smiling
273
Responses to Danger
274
Do Infants Experience Discrete Emotions?
275
The Emergence of Differentiated Emotions
276
Physical Maturation
278
Cognitive Maturation
278
Social Interaction
279
Development of Emotional Communication: Perceiving, Sharing,
and Talking About Emotions
279
Intersubjedivity
280
Interpreting Facial Expressions of Emotion
281
Emotional Language
282
Development of Emotional Bonds: Attachment
283
Socialization of Emotional Expression
284
Emotion in Adolescence
287
Emotional Development in Adulthood
288
Individual Consistency Across the
Lifespan 288
Age Trends in Emotional Intensity
288
Emotional Salience
290
Emotion Regulation
290
Summary
291
Key Terms
292
Thought Questions
292
Suggestions for Research Projects
293
Suggestions for Further Reading
293
13
Emotion and Personality
294
Individual Differences in Emotional Responding
295
Emotions and the Big Five Personality
Fanors
295
Frontal Asymmetry and Individual Differences in Affect
299
Emotional Intelligence
300
Measuring Emotional Intelligence
301
XVI CONTENTS
Self-Report Measures
302
Performance/Ability Measures
303
Reliability and Validity of Emotional Intelligence Tests
306
Is Emotional Intelligence Teachable?
307
Summary
308
Key Terms
309
Thought Questions
309
Suggestions for Research Project
309
Suggestions for Further Reading
309
14
Effects of Emotion on Cognition
310
Emotions and Attention
311
Emotions and Memory
313
Emotion and Memory Formation
314
Emotion and Memory Storage
317
Emotion and the Retrieval of Memories
319
Emotions and Information Processing
319
Affect Valence and Systematic versus Heuristic Processing
320
Positive Affect and Creativity
323
Depressive Realism?
323
Emotions and Decision-Making
325
The Somatic Marker Hypothesis
326
Chokes Based on Preferences and Values
328
Emotions and Moral Reasoning
329
The Down Side of Relying on Emotions
332
Summary
333
Key Terms
334
Thought Questions
334
Suggestions for Research Project
334
Suggestions for Further Reading
335
15
Emotion in Clinical Psychology
336
Depression
338
The Reward Insensitivity Hypothesis of Depression
339
Two Types of Depression?
340
Cognitive Aspects of Depression
341
Treating Depression
342
CONTENTS XVII
Mania and Bipolar Disorder
344
Anxiety Disorders
346
Causes of Anxiety Disorders
347
Treating Anxiety Disorders
349
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
350
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Empathy
350
Summary
351
Key Terms
351
Thought Questions
352
Suggestions for Research Projects
353
Suggestions for Further Reading
353
Epilogue
354
What Is Emotion?
354
How Do We Measure Emotion?
356
What Causes Emotions?
356
How Do Emotions Affect Our Lives?
357
REFERENCES
359
PHOTO CREDITS
418
NAME INDEX
421
SUBJECT INDEX
440
|
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| isbn | 9781111346133 1111346135 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024578243 |
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| spelling | Shiota, Michelle N. Verfasser (DE-588)1065825137 aut Emotion Michelle N. Shiota ; James W. Kalat 2. ed. ; internat. ed. [Belmont, CA] Wadsworth Cengage Learning 2012 XXI, 454 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Gefühlspsychologie (DE-588)4333607-3 gnd rswk-swf Gefühlspsychologie (DE-588)4333607-3 s DE-604 Kalat, James W. 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)139484329 aut Digitalisierung UB Bamberg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024578243&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Shiota, Michelle N. Kalat, James W. 1946- Emotion Gefühlspsychologie (DE-588)4333607-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4333607-3 |
| title | Emotion |
| title_auth | Emotion |
| title_exact_search | Emotion |
| title_full | Emotion Michelle N. Shiota ; James W. Kalat |
| title_fullStr | Emotion Michelle N. Shiota ; James W. Kalat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emotion Michelle N. Shiota ; James W. Kalat |
| title_short | Emotion |
| title_sort | emotion |
| topic | Gefühlspsychologie (DE-588)4333607-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gefühlspsychologie |
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