Great philosophical arguments: an introduction to philosophy
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Oxford University Press
2012
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 664 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780195342604 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
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PREFACE XIIICHAPTER I: PHILOSOPHICAL WORKBACK TO BASICS 1 THE
CONSOLATIONS OF PHILOSOPHY 3 BOX: SOCRATES 5PHILOSOPHY AND ARGUMENTS
5KEYTERMS 14 PLATO: SOCRATES EXAMINED LIFE 17 BERTRAND RUSSELL: IHE
VALUE OF PHILOSOPHY 32 CHAPTER 1 ESSAY QUESTIONS 35 CHAPTER 2: THE
EXISTENCE OF GOD 36KEYTERMS 39 1. THE COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT 39 BOX:
THOMAS AQUINAS 40 THOMAS AQUINAS: SUMMA IHEOLOGIEA 42 J. L. MACKIE:
CRITIQUE OF COSMOLOGIEALARGUMENTS 43 WILLIAM LANE CRAIG: IHE KALM
COSMOLOGIEALARGUMENT 51 AVICENNA: ON THE NATURE OF GOD 57ARGUMENT 1
ESSAY QUESTIONS 58 2. THE DESIGN ARGUMENT FROM ANALOGY 59WILLIAM PALEY:
IHE WATEH AND THEWATEHMAKER 60 DAVID HUME: DIALOGUES CONEERNINGNATURAL
RELIGION 62 ARGUMENT 2 ESSAY QUESTIONS 72 3. THE DESIGN ARGUMENT FROM
THE BESTEXPLANATION 73RICHARD SWINBURNE: IHE BEST EXPLANATION OFAPPARENT
DESIGN 74 LEWIS VAUGHN: IHE FAILURE OF SUPERNATURALHYPOTHESES 81 MICHAEL
J. BEHE: INTELLIGENT DESIGN 85 V PHILIP KITCHER: LIVING WITH DARWIN 91
ARGUMENT 3 ESSAY QUESTIONS 95
4. THE ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT 96
ST. ANSE1M: ANSELM S PROOF 97 IMMANUEL KANT: OF THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF AN
ONTOLOGIEAL PROOF 100 WILLIAM L. ROWE: IHE PROBLEM WITH THE
ONTOLOGIEAL ARGUMENT 102 RENE DESCARTES: ON THE ONTOLOGIEAL
ARGUMENT 112 ARGUMENT 4 ESSAY QUESTIONS 113
5. THE ARGUMENT FROM MIRACLES 114
J. L. MACKIE: MIRACLES AND TESTIMONY 115
DAVID HUME: OF MIRAE/ES 125
RICHARD SWINBURNE: MIRAE/ES 129
ARGUMENT 5 ESSAY QUESTIONS 135
6. THE ARGUMENT FROM EVIL 135
WILLIAM L. ROWE: IHE PROBLEM OF EVIL AND SOME
VARIETIES OF ATHEISM 137 H. J. MCCLOSKEY: GOD AND EVIL 145
ALVIN PLANTINGA: IHE FREE WILL DEFENSE 157
JOHN HICK: IHE SOUL-MAKING DEFENSE 160
ARGUMENT 6 ESSAY QUESTIONS 165
CHAPTER 2 ESSAY QUESTIONS 165
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 166
CHAPTER 3: KNOWLEDGE AND SKEPTICISM 167
KEY TERMS 170
7.DESCARTES DREAM AND EVIL
GENIUS ARGUMENTS 171 RENE DESCARTES: MEDITATIONS ON FIRST PHILOSOPHY
(MEDITATION I) 172 CHRISTOPHER GRAU: BAD DREAMS, EVIL DEMONS, AND
THE EXPERIENEE MAEHINE: PHILOSOPHY AND THE MATRIX 175 ARGUMENT 7 ESSAY
QUESTIONS 182
IMAGE 2
VI CONTENTS
8. DESCARTES ARGUMENT AGAINST SKEPTICISM 182
RENE DESCARTES: MEDITATIONS ON FIRST PHILOSOPHY (MEDITATION IV) 183
DAVID HUME: OF SKEPTICISM WITH REGARD TO THE SENSES 188
ROBERT AUDI: AGAINST SKEPTICISM 202
ARGUMENT 8 ESSAY QUESTIONS 213
9. BERKELEY S ARGUMENT AGAINST THE EXISTENCE OF MATERIAL OBJECTS 214
GEORGE BERKELEY: PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN
KNOWLEDGE 215 JOHN LOCKE: AN ESSAY CONCERNING HUMAN UNDERSTANDING 223
BERTRAND RUSSELL: BERKELEY S IDEALISM 227
ARGUMENT 9 ESSAY QUESTIONS 230
10. HUME S ARGUMENT AGAINST INDUCTION 230
BOX: DAVID HUME 231
DAVID HUME: AN ENQUIRY CONCERNING HUMAN
UNDERSTANDING 232 WESLEY C. SALMON: THE PROBLEM OF
INDUCTION 242 ARGUMENT 10 ESSAY QUESTIONS 255
CHAPTER 3 ESSAY QUESTIONS 255
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 256
CHAPTER 4: MIND AND BODY 257
BOX: RENE DESCARTES 258 KEY TERMS 262
11. DESCARTES CONCEIVABILITY ARGUMENT FOR DUALISM 262
RENE DESCARTES: DISCOURSE ON
METHOD 263 PAUL M. CHURCHLAND: DUALISM 264
BUDDHIST WRITINGS: THERE IS NO EGO 273
ARGUMENT 11 ESSAY QUESTIONS 275
12. NAGEL S BAT ARGUMENT AGAINST MIND- BODY IDENTITY 275
THOMAS NAGEL: WHAT IS IT LIKE TO BE A
BAT? 276 ]. ]. C. SMART: SENSATIONS AND BRAIN
PROCESSES 283 ARGUMENT 12 ESSAY QUESTIONS 291
13. CHALMERS ZOMBIE ARGUMENT AGAINST
MATERIALISM 292
DAVID CHALMERS: THE LOGICAL POSSIBILITY OF
ZOMBIES 293 DANIEL C. DENNETT: EPIPHENOMENAL
QUALIA? 296 ARGUMENT 13 ESSAY QUESTIONS 301
14. BLOCK S CHINESE BRAIN ARGUMENT AGAINST FUNCTIONALISM 302
NED BLOCK: TROUBLES WITH FUNCTIONALISM 303
]ERRY A. FODOR: THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM 308
ARGUMENT 14 ESSAY QUESTIONS 316
15. SEARLE S CHINESE ROOM ARGUMENT
AGAINST STRONG AI 317
LOHN R. SEARLE: IS THE BRAINS MIND A COMPUTER PROGRAM? 318 WILLIAM G.
LYCAN: MACHINE CONSCIOUSNESS 326
ARGUMENT 15 ESSAY QUESTIONS 331
CHAPTER 4 ESSAY QUESTIONS 331
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 331
CHAPTER 5: FREE WILL AND
DETERMINISM 333 KEY TERMS 337
16. ARGUMENT FOR HARD DETERMINISM 337
BARON D HOLBACH: OF THE SYSTEM OF MANS FREE AGENCY 339 RICHARD TAYLOR:
FREEDOM AND
DETERMINISM 343 ]EAN-PAUL SARTRE: ABSOLUTE FREEDOM 356
ARGUMENT 16 ESSAY QUESTIONS 361
17. INDETERMINIST ARGUMENT FOR FREE WILL 361
BOX: WILLIAM JAMES 362
WILLIAM ]AMES: THE DILEMMA OF
DETERMINISM 363 ROBERT KANE: FREE WILL AND MODERN
SCIENCE 371 ARGUMENT 17 ESSAY QUESTIONS 373
18. ARGUMENT AGAINST COMPATIBILISM 374
W T. STACE: THE PROBLEM OF FREE WILL 375 WILLIAM 1. ROWE: TWO CONCEPTS
OF
FREEDOM 380
IMAGE 3
HARRY G. FRANKFURT: FREEDOM OF THE WILL AND
THE CONCEPT OF A PERSON 394 PETER VAN INWAGEN: THE 1NCOMPATIBILITY OF
FREE
WILL AND DETERMINISM 404 ARGUMENT 18 ESSAY QUESTIONS 408
19. ARGUMENT AGAINST LIBERTARIANISM 408
RANDOLPH CLARKE: TOWARD A CREDIBLE AGENT-CAUSAL ACCOUNT OF FREE WILL 409
GALEN STRAWSON: LIBERTARIANISM, ACTION, AND
SELF-DETERMINATION 419 TIMOTHY O CONNOR: AGENT CAUSATION 423
ARGUMENT 19 ESSAY QUESTIONS 425
CHAPTER 5 ESSAY QUESTIONS 425
SUGGESTIONSFOR FURTHER READING 425
CHAPTER 6: ETHICS 427
KEY TERMS 437
20. ARGUMENT FOR CULTURAL RELATIVISM 437
RUTH BENEDICT: THE CASEFOR MORAL RELATIVISM 438 RUSS SHAFER-LANDAU:
ETHICAL RE1ATIVISM 443
ARGUMENT 20 ESSAY QUESTIONS 449
21. ARGUMENT AGAINST ETHICAL EGOISM 449
THOMAS HOBBES: LEVIATHAN 450
LOUIS P. POJMAN: A CRITIQUE OF ETHICAL
EGOISM 457 JOEL FEINBERG: PSYCHOLOGICALEGOISM 471 ARGUMENT 21 ESSAY
QUESTIONS 483
22. ARGUMENT AGAINST THE DIVINE
COMMAND LHEORY 483 PLATO: EUTHYPHRO 484 RUSS SHAFER-LANDAU: THE DIVINE
COMMAND
THEORY 486 ARGUMENT 22 ESSAY QUESTIONS 489
23. ARGUMENT AGAINST UTILITARIANISM 489
BOX: JOHN STUART MILL JOHN STUART MILL: UTILITARIANISM 490 E. F.
CARRITT: CRITICISMS OF
UTILITARIANISM 493 ARGUMENT 23 ESSAY QUESTIONS 495
CONTENTS VII
24. ARGUMENT AGAINST KANTIAN ETHICS 495
IMMANUEL KANT: FOUNDATIONS OF THE METAPHYSIC
OF MORALS 496 WILLIAM K. FRANKENA: KANT S THEORY 506
VIRGINIA HELD: THE ETHICS OF CARE 508
ARGUMENT 24 ESSAY QUESTIONS 527
CHAPTER 6 ESSAY QUESTIONS 527
SUGGESTIONSFOR FURTHER READING 527
CHAPTER 7: PHILOSOPHY AT WORK:
CONTEMPORARY ETHICAL DEBATES 529
ABORTION 529 KEY TERMS 532
TWO ARGUMENTS AGAINST ABORTION 532
25. JOHN T. NOONAN, JR.: AN ALMOST ABSOLUTE VALUE
IN HISTORY 534
26. DON MARQUIS: WHY ABORTION 1S1MMORAL 539
TWO ARGUMENTS FOR ABORTION 551
27. MARY ANNE WARREN: ON THE MORAL AND LEGAL
STATUS OF ABORTION 553
28. JUDITH JARVIS THOMSON: A DEFENSE OF
ABORTION 557 ABORTION ESSAY QUESTIONS 568
SUGGESTIONSFOR FURTHER READING 569
EUTHANASIA 569
KEY TERMS 572
TWO ARGUMENTS AGAINST EUTHANASIA 572
29. LEON R. KASS: WHY DOCTORS MUST NOT KILL 574
30. DANIEL CALLAHAN: WHEN SELF-DETERMINATION
RUNS AMOK 579
TWO ARGUMENTS FOR EUTHANASIA 584
31. DAN W BRACK: VOLUNTARY ACTIVE EUTHANASIA 586
32. JAMES RACHELS: ACTIVE AND PASSIVE EUTHANASIA 601 EUTHANASIA ESSAY
QUESTIONS 604
SUGGESTIONSFOR FURTHER READING 605
IMAGE 4
VIII CONTENTS
GLOBAL HUNGER 605
KEY TERMS 607
33. HARDIN S ARGUMENT AGAINST AIDING THE
POOR 608
GARRETT HARDIN: LIVING ON A LIFEBOAT 609
WILLIAM W MURDOCH AND ALLAN OATEN:
A CRITIQUE OF LIFEBOAT ETHICS 620
34. SINGER S ARGUMENT FOR AIDING THE
POOR 629 PETER SINGER: FAMINE, AFFLUENCE, AND MORALITY 630
LOUIS P. POJMAN: WORLD HUNGER AND
POPULATION 638 GLOBAL HUNGER ESSAY QUESTIONS 649
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 649
APPENDIX: HOW TO READ AND WRITE
ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS 651 GLOSSARY 661
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:08:14Z |
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| isbn | 9780195342604 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy [compiled by] Lewis Vaughn New York [u.a.] Oxford University Press 2012 XIV, 664 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Philosophie Philosophy Textbooks Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 s DE-604 Vaughn, Lewis Sonstige oth V:DE-604 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024498753&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy Philosophie Philosophy Textbooks Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4045791-6 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy |
| title_auth | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy |
| title_exact_search | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy |
| title_full | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy [compiled by] Lewis Vaughn |
| title_fullStr | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy [compiled by] Lewis Vaughn |
| title_full_unstemmed | Great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy [compiled by] Lewis Vaughn |
| title_short | Great philosophical arguments |
| title_sort | great philosophical arguments an introduction to philosophy |
| title_sub | an introduction to philosophy |
| topic | Philosophie Philosophy Textbooks Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Philosophie Philosophy Textbooks Einführung |
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