Örök Házsongárd: Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában 2
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Hungarian English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Budapest
Pharma Press Kft.
2010
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: A town in the currents of power change : Kolozsvár in the 20th century ; the Házsongárd cemetery in the 20th century |
| Beschreibung: | 351 S. zahlr. Ill. 34 cm |
| ISBN: | 9789638844316 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | TARTALOM
ERDÉLY KÖZPONTI VAROSA
— 9
A TEMETŐ A
19.
SZÁZAD MÁSODIK FELÉBEN
— 19
THE CENTRAL
TOWN OF TRANSYLVANIA,
THE CEMETERY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th CENTURYS
— 148
VÁROS A HATALOMVÁLTOZÁSOK SODRÁBAN:
KOLOZSVÁR
A
20.
SZÁZADBAN
— 153
A HÁZSONGÁRDI TEMETŐ
A
20.
SZÁZADBAN
— 169
A TOWN IN THE CURRENTS OF POWER CHANGE:
KOLOZSVÁR
IN THE
20™
CENTURY,
THE
HÁZSONGÁRD
CEMETERY IN THE 20th CENTURY
—- 328
TÉRKÉP
— 333
KÖNVVÉSZET
— 334
UTCANÉVMUTATÓ —
336
BETŰRENDES NÉVMUTATÓ
— 338
KÖSZÖNETNYILVÁNÍTÁS
— 348
349
TOWN IN
THE CURRENTS
OF POWER
CHANGE:
KOLOZSVÁR
IN THE 20th
CENTURY
HÁZSONGÁRD
CEMETERY
IN THE 20th
CENTURY
In no other century has
Kolozsvár
gone through as intensive a change as it has in the previous one. For two
decades, the town remained a part of Hungary, then it became Romania s for the following two, only to return
again to Hungarian control for another four years. The town was yet again annexed to Romania in the middle
of the
1940s
to endure a transition: the great endeavour to switch to a socialist-communist social structure
topped by a distinctive Romanian approach, which eventually resulted in nationalism. The collapse of the re¬
gime in
1989-1990
opened a potential door to western values, but
Kolozsvár
had to wait another ten years for
their arrival. In the course of the 20th century,
Kolozsvár s
population exceeded
300,000,
of which the propor¬
tion of Hungarians dropped from
80%
to barely
20%.
If not in terms of its traditions and character, popula¬
tion-wise the Hungarian town turned Romanian. The beginning of the century was characterised by great
constructions, statue inaugurations (King Matthias
/
Mátyás király,
Saint George) and rapid urbanisation. The
town grew in area. A new industrial park was established in the parts beyond the railroad; factories of national
significance settled here. The development came to a short pause during the
1920s,
which also marked the ap¬
pearance of the Romanian influence with the Greek Catholic churches and characteristic statues. Beginning
with
1960s,
a ring of block-flat housing projects was constructed around
Kolozsvár
to make way for the mass
settlement of the Romanian population. In terms of architecture, eclectic style was dominant in the early 20lh
century, followed by secession, then
Bauhaus
from the
1930s,
and utilitarianism in the
1960s.
The changes in
power had a heavy influence on the life of the university and the theatre, and the schools also had to operate
according to constantly changing curricula. A part of the Hungarian institution system withered away while
the Romanians established their own institutions. The Romanian press appeared alongside the Hungarian.
Only the churches oppressed by communism were able to uphold some sort of continuity and act as a cohe¬
sive force for Hungarians.
The cemetery was enlarged by the addition of an area of considerable size at the top of the
Házsongárd
at the turn of the century, on the edge of which two new burial sites were opened: a Jewish cemetery, and the
heroes graveyard. The lots and the graves were numbered in the
1920s.
The need for the organisation of the
cemetery was raised as an issue on numerous occasions, but was always postponed. Protected tombs have not
been designated to our day, despite several attempts. There was a significant increase in the number of Roma¬
nian graves starting from the
1920s,
and from the
1970s
it was an actual political intent to make all roadside
burial lots Romanian. In the
1950s,
concrete tombs started to appear alongside the obelisks and stone pan¬
els. Today, these concrete tombs outnumber all others causing the cemetery to lose character. The cemetery of
Házsongárd
today stretches on a
36
hectare area of which the historical portion, which we have introduced in
this book, covers
16
hectares. From the mass of 20th century tombs, only few are noteworthy. Count
Géza
Kuun
(1905),
a well-known Orientalist, and poet-politician and association founder
Sándor József Pákéi
(1945)
both
have artistic tombs.
Lajos Pákey
(1921)
was the most significant architect in
Kolozsvár
at the turn of the century.
Significant figures among the Hungarian university teachers were archaeologist
Béla
Pósta
(1919),
philosopher
of law
Bódog Somló
(1920),
linguist and dictionary writer
Attila Szabó
T.
(1987),
and writer-poet
László Szabédi,
who committed suicide in protest of the closing of the Hungarian university. The most prominent professors of
medicine were surgeon
József
Brandt
(1912),
anatomical pathology professor
Antal Genersich
(1918),
and phy¬
sician
Zsigmond Purjesz
(1918).
Prominent names from the Romanian university were biologist
Emil Racoviţă
(1947)
and the physician luliu
Haţieganu
(1959),
who was also the founder of the university. Outstanding writ¬
ers and poets of the Hungarian community, who were now in minority, are
Sándor Reményik
(1941),
Károly Kós
(1977),
Jenő Dsida
(1938),
and
Domokos Szilágyi
(1976).
Numerous other politicians, actors, musicians, fine art¬
ists, bishops and ministers of the various denominations, teachers and sportsmen could also be listed, making
Házsongárd
the real Pantheon of Transylvania.
Ο η
О
^ NaSy
Gém sírkövének
biblias
jelvénye
·
Csorna György sírkődíszítménye a hit, remény és szeretet jelképeivel
<J í- ö A Házsongárd Alapítvány által filújíttatott sírkövek
|
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| spelling | Gaal, György 1948- Verfasser (DE-588)141419164 aut Örök Házsongárd Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában 2 a szöveget írta Gaal György, a fényképeket készítette Gránitz Miklós Budapest Pharma Press Kft. 2010 351 S. zahlr. Ill. 34 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: A town in the currents of power change : Kolozsvár in the 20th century ; the Házsongárd cemetery in the 20th century Friedhof (DE-588)4018537-0 gnd rswk-swf Cluj-Napoca (DE-588)1122053215 gnd rswk-swf Cluj-Napoca (DE-588)1122053215 g Friedhof (DE-588)4018537-0 s DE-604 Gránitz, Miklós 1943- Sonstige (DE-588)1016184158 oth (DE-604)BV039639621 2 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024489659&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024489659&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
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| title | Örök Házsongárd Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában |
| title_auth | Örök Házsongárd Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában |
| title_exact_search | Örök Házsongárd Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában |
| title_full | Örök Házsongárd Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában 2 a szöveget írta Gaal György, a fényképeket készítette Gránitz Miklós |
| title_fullStr | Örök Házsongárd Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában 2 a szöveget írta Gaal György, a fényképeket készítette Gránitz Miklós |
| title_full_unstemmed | Örök Házsongárd Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában 2 a szöveget írta Gaal György, a fényképeket készítette Gránitz Miklós |
| title_short | Örök Házsongárd |
| title_sort | orok hazsongard kolozsvar es sirkertje a szazadok sodraban |
| title_sub | Kolozsvár és sírkertje a századok sodrában |
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