Sociokulturní proměny vesnice: moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Czech |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Brno
Masarykova Univ., Filozofická Fak., Ústav Evropské Etnologie
2011
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. vyd. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Etnologické studie
8 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Social cultural changes in the village |
| Beschreibung: | 224 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9788021039087 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | OBSAH
5
Úvod
11
I.
Společenskovědní výzkum vesnice (Etnografický výzkum družstevní
vesnice
-
Etnologie
a vesnice v procesu transformace
-
Agrární problemati¬
ka z pohledu historiografie
-
Ruralni
sociologie
-
Antropologie a venkov
-
Krajina a venkov jako téma sociálněekologických věd)
43
II.
Venkovská krajina a sídlo (Proměny
ruralni
krajiny
-
Vernakulární
architektura a urbanismus
-
Modernizace bytového fondu po druhé světové
válce
-
Střediskový systém sídelní struktury
-
Fenomén rekreační chalu¬
py
-
Vesnický dum a památková péče
-
Venkov v procesu postsocialistické
transformace)
73
III.
Proměny agrární výroby (Tradiční rolnická malovýroba
-
Kolektivizo¬
vané
zemědělství
-
Normalizovaná velkovýroba
-
Zemědělství po transfor¬
maci
-
Nekonvenční zemědělská produkce
-
Agroturistika)
95
IV.
Sociální struktura vesnice
(Ruralni
společnost
-
Likvidace selského
stavu
-
Družstevníci
-
Farmáři a agropodnikatelé
-
Lidé z města:
trampove,
chataři a chalupáři
-
Venkov jako alternativa)
117
V, Společenský život vesnice (Agrární tradice a jejich transformace
-
Ho¬
dové a
dožinkové
slavnosti
-
Adventní a vánoční doba
-
Společenská dimen¬
ze duchovního života
-
Revitalizace lokálních a regionálních tradic)
149
VI.
Kulturní identita vesnice (Program obnovy venkova
-
Mezinárodní
aktivity
-
Lidová kultura v péči státu
-
Od
folkloru
k folklorismu
-
Individu¬
ální a kolektivní historická paměť)
173
Závér
175
Literatura
181
Kalendárium kulturních aktivit moravské vesnice
223
Summary
Obsah
SUMMARY
Social Cultural Changes in the Village
Moravian Countryside at the Turn of the Third Millennium,
The change in the political situation in former Czechoslovakia in the late
1980s
affected
all areas of the life of the society in a radical manner. The socialist village too became a thing
of the past, local government was re-established (Act
367/1990
Coll.), unified farm coope¬
ratives were transformed into owners farm cooperatives, in addition, individual farming
appears. Nevertheless mass return to private farming and to the formation of Western-Eu¬
ropean-type family farms did not occur: on the contrary, the number of people employed in
the agricultural sector decreased due to targeted state policies as well as bankruptcies of co¬
operatives, which were, without state financial support and subsidies, destroyed by market-
-oriented economy. In the private sector a group of organic farmers appeared, concentrating
on the production of ecological foodstuffs and healthy food products, agritourism is formed
as a novelty, linking economic and tourist activities.
As a consequence of discontinuous development caused by the political situation fo¬
llowing the Second World War, many phenomena of material culture and traditional tech¬
nologies based on manual work had ceased to exist, and a profound change of the structure
of village society and its social life had taken place. The media of intergenerational transmi¬
ssion change with that. In the area of social relationships, the behaviour patterns based on
close family and neighbour ties had been replaced by new patterns where individualism and
personal identity formation play a considerable part. On the one hand the countryside gets
depopulated and, on the other hand, it becomes a permanent or temporary home of cottage
owners from cities and alternative individuals.
The exterior appearance of village settlements and of the countryside had also undergone
a considerable change. Not only had the balks and ridges dividing the fields disappeared to
allow consolidation of land into vast fields cultivated by heavy machines, but historical buil¬
dings also get modernized to varying extents. Non-functioning farm buildings are renovated
or re-developed. In villages or in their immediate surroundings, large-capacity farm buil¬
dings come into existence as a consequence of collectivized agricultural large-scale produc¬
tion. After
1989
in the strictly country territory in the surroundings of cities and industrial
agglomerations, satellite towns are gradually formed, built on different
urbanist
principles,
connected with a different life strategy and different forms of interpersonal relationships.
The change in political situation following the Velvet Revolution brought about not only
a crucial change of the legal framework, but also new opinions about the functioning of the
society. The regeneration of the countryside and revitalization of rural culture as a coun¬
terpoint to urban culture became a credo of the emergent pluralist society. The ideas of
Summary
φ
223
levelling the culture of the city and of the country were rejected, and national and interna¬
tional programmes, governmental as well as non-governmental, aim to preserve the specific
characteristics of local village culture and to restore the identity of the village. Village culture
and the rural way of life are considered an alternative to urban lifestyle. Even though the
social structure of the contemporary village differs considerably from the social structure
of the traditional agrarian village, the village and countryside at the turn of the 21st century
still maintain their specific characteristics given by tradition, or try to create new cultural
forms based on varying sources. As far as material comfort is concerned, the lifestyle of vil¬
lage inhabitants does not differ from the urban one, as urbanity is no longer tied to the city.
A positive side of the development after
1989
is the liberalization of people s activities, the
revival of interest in local history and folk traditions, as well as good-quality environment,
which was, together with harmonious rural countryside, insensitively disrupted during the
collectivization and industrialization in the second half of the 20th century.
The discontinuity of the development and revolutionary changes
-
those could be the
main characteristics of the last fifty years, which the village had to go through against its will
and under false proclamations which tried to change established traditional order fast in the
spirit of progress and radiant future. Although peasant class went through a critical period
in the second half of the 20th century when it was nearly eradicated, only further develop¬
ment will show if the few and far between pheasant families will be able to stand their ground
in the new social conditions.
It has become apparent that the research of the village constitutes a complex phenome¬
non which has to be observed on an interdisciplinary basis from which ethnology, due to its
research traditions, must not be missing. The revitalization of some traditional cultural ma¬
nifestations and the effort to search for the cultural identity of the contemporary countryside
present ethnologists with new research opportunities which should not be ignored. Czech
ethnology should therefore put its efforts in this direction as well.
Bayerische |
Staatsbibliothek
München 1
224
Щ
Sociokulturm
proměny vesnice
/
Moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí
|
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| edition | 1. vyd. |
| era | Geschichte 1945-2010 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1945-2010 |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Válka, Miroslav 1951- Verfasser (DE-588)136655939 aut Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí Miroslav Válka 1. vyd. Brno Masarykova Univ., Filozofická Fak., Ústav Evropské Etnologie 2011 224 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Etnologické studie 8 Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Social cultural changes in the village Geschichte 1945-2010 gnd rswk-swf Landleben (DE-588)4034309-1 gnd rswk-swf Mähren (DE-588)4074432-2 gnd rswk-swf Mähren (DE-588)4074432-2 g Landleben (DE-588)4034309-1 s Geschichte 1945-2010 z DE-604 Etnologické studie 8 (DE-604)BV023064091 8 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024433722&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024433722&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Válka, Miroslav 1951- Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí Etnologické studie Landleben (DE-588)4034309-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4034309-1 (DE-588)4074432-2 |
| title | Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí |
| title_auth | Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí |
| title_exact_search | Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí |
| title_full | Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí Miroslav Válka |
| title_fullStr | Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí Miroslav Válka |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sociokulturní proměny vesnice moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí Miroslav Válka |
| title_short | Sociokulturní proměny vesnice |
| title_sort | sociokulturni promeny vesnice moravsky venkov na prahu tretiho tisicileti |
| title_sub | moravský venkov na prahu třetího tisíciletí |
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