Verfügbarkeit: Estates and trusts

Estates and trusts: cases and materials

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Sterk, Stewart E. (VerfasserIn), Leslie, Melanie B. (VerfasserIn), Dobris, Joel C. (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	New York, NY Foundation Press [u.a.] 2011
Ausgabe:	4. ed.
Schriftenreihe:	University casebook series
Schlagworte:	Decedents' estates / United States / Cases Inheritance and succession / United States / Cases Wills / United States / Cases Trusts and trustees / United States / Cases USA
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XLIX, 1122 S.

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MARC


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245	1	0	\|a Estates and trusts \|b cases and materials \|c by Stewart E. Sterk ; Melanie B. Leslie ; Joel C. Dobris
250			\|a 4. ed.
264		1	\|a New York, NY \|b Foundation Press [u.a.] \|c 2011
300			\|a XLIX, 1122 S.
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650		4	\|a Decedents' estates / United States / Cases
650		4	\|a Inheritance and succession / United States / Cases
650		4	\|a Wills / United States / Cases
650		4	\|a Trusts and trustees / United States / Cases
651		4	\|a USA
700	1		\|a Leslie, Melanie B. \|e Verfasser \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Dobris, Joel C. \|e Verfasser \|4 aut
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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface- .......-----------.............-...............-.......----........----.......... iii Acknowledgments --------.....-.......-..........--------.......-.....—-........... vii Author Index -----.......------------------------------.......-—.....-—.....----- xxix Table of Statutes ......-.....-----------------------------------------------.....-.- xxxiii Table of Cases ---------------------.......-------------------------------........—- xxxvii CHAPTER ONE. Introduction ----------...............-..........._____ 1 Sec. I. The Living and the Dead: Whose Money Is It? ----------.....-........ 1 Estate of Feinberg--------------------------------------------------------- 1 Notes and Questions ---------------------------.......-------------------- 8 Notes and Questions ......-..-.......-------------------------------------- 14 Ford v. Ford ________.......________________.....—-.....-.....—. 16 Notes and Questions ---------.....-----.......------.....----------------- 22 Notes and Questions .........—-...............------........-.-.............. 27 Problems ___..........-.....................—-.......-........-.....-........... 27 II. The Role of the Lawyer, and the Lawyer-Client Relationship ---- 28 Hotz v. Minyard .........--------.............----------------.................. 29 Notes and Questions ------................-..........-........-----........... 32 Problems .............-.............----------..........—-...........—-........ 33 Barcelo v. Elliott -----.....-..................--------........---------.....—. 35 Notes and Questions ............-.............____.......------------------ 42 III. Probate and Non-Probate Transfers-- ...................--.............. 45 A. Probate: What Is It, and Who Needs It? ........-....._________ 45 B. Gifts .................-....._______..........................._________ 47 Gruen v. Gruen ---------------.........-------------------------------- 47 Notes and Questions- .........------.....------------------------.....- 51 C. Joint Interests With Right of Survivorship ---------------------- 52 Franklin υ. Anna National Bank .....----------------------------- 54 Notes and Questions —..........-............-----------....._____ 57 D. The Nonprobate Revolution: Scope and Reasons --------------- 60 Notes and Questions---- .......--------------------------.....--------- 63 CHAPTER TWO. Intestate Succession ______.....___________ 65 I. Introduction and Representative Statutes -----------------.....____ 65 II. The Share of the Surviving Spouse.--- .......--------------------------- 72 Problems .....____.....-...........--.......______________________ 75 Estate ofGoick ______________________....._______________ 76 Notes and Questions --------..........----------------------------.....-.- 80 Despite a Will, Jackson Left a Tangled Estate -----.....------------- 82 III. The Share of Lineal Descendants -------------........-...........-....... 85 Problems and Questions -----......_______....._______________ 87 Problems ___________.....—-............______________________ 90 Note: Conduct-Based Bars to Inheritance ---------------------------- 91 Sec. IV. The Share of Ancestors and Collateral Heirs ------------------------- 93 Problem ______________________________________________ 94 Estate of Locke -------------------------------------------------------------- 95 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 98 Problems _____________________________________________ 99 Note on Escheat ----------------------------------------------------------- 99 V. Intestate Succession and Community Property States ------------- 100 Estate of Borghi ____________......________________________ 101 Notes and Questions ----------------------------.......------------------- 106 VI. Defining the Modern Family: Halfbloods, Adoptees, and Non- Marital Children -------------------------------------------------------- 107 A. Halfbloods _________________________________________ 107 Problem ___________________________________________ 108 B. Adoption __________________________________________ 109 Estates of Donnelly --------------------------------------------------- 109 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 113 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 114 Estate of Brittin _____________________________________ 116 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 120 Bean v. Ford .....-.....-.....-------------------------------------------- 122 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 127 C. Non-Marital Children and Questions of Paternity ------------- 130 Notes and Questions---- ......---------------------------------------- 133 In re Estate of Burden ----------------------------------------------- 135 Notes and Questions---- ........-------------.....-------------------- 139 Problems __________________________________________ 140 Problems ________................________________________ 142 D . The Impact of Modern Reproductive Technology --------------- 142 Questions --------------------------------------------------------------- 145 VII. Simultaneous Death ------------------------------------------------------- 147 Estate of Villwock -----------------------.......___________________ 148 Questions ------------------------------------------------------------------- 151 Notes and Questions _________.....-----.....-------------------------- 153 Problems -------------------------------------------------------------------- 154 VIII. Disclaimer (Renunciation) ----------------------------------------------- 154 Estate ofBaird ------.....-------------------------------------------------- 154 Notes and Questions ------------------------.....-----------......--------- 158 Problems _____________________________________________ 163 Note on Assignment of Expectancy Interests ----------..........— 164 Question --------------------------------------------------------------------- 164 IX. Advancements -------------------------------------------------------------- 164 Problem -----.....—.....--------------------------------------------------- 166 CHAPTER THREE. Protection of the Family ______________ 167 Sec. I. An Introduction to the Elective Share --------------------------------- 167 II. Traditional Elective Share Statutes ________________________ 170 Sullivan v. Burkin -------------------------------------------------------- 170 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 174 Notes and Questions -.....________________________________ 176 Sec. III. Modem Elective Share Statutes ----------------------------------------- 178 Notes ------------------------------.....-..........---------------------------- 191 Problems -----------------------......-------------.....--------------------- 193 Notes _____________.....—-......------------.......------------------- 195 IV. Waiver of Elective Share Rights -------------------------......---------- 196 Geddings v. Geddings --------------....._______.....-.......________ 196 Notes and Questions ----------------------------..........----------------- 198 Notes and Questions -------......-......----------------------------------- 202 V. Other Protections for the Surviving Spouse -......-.......________ 203 A. Homestead Allowance, Exempt Property, and Family Allow¬ ance —-.....-------.....--------------..............-.....----------.........—. 203 Problem ---------------------------------------------------------------- 206 B. Protection Against Inadvertent Disinheritance: The Prob¬ lem of the Pre-Marital Will ____........___________.......____ 206 Prestie v. Prestie .............._______________........-..........___...... 207 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 210 Question ---.........-------------------------------------------......------ 211 Problems -----.........___________________________.......... 211 VI. The Community Property System -----------------------------.......-. 212 VII. Protection of Children: Pretermitted Child Statutes ______....... 213 Estate ofGlomset ...................----------------------------------------- 214 Notes and Questions .......----...............----------------------------- 217 Notes and Questions -------.....-------......----------------------------- 219 Problems --------------.................................._______________ 220 Heir Wars ..........-......-....................-.........._______________ 220 Notes and Questions ....................................--------------------- 224 Notes and Questions ...................______......--------------------- 225 CHAPTER FOUR. Wills ___________.......___________________ 227 Sec. I. Execution of Wills _________.....______......________________ 227 A. Will Formalities: What are They and Why Have Them? ____ 227 Morris v. West ______......___________....._____________ 230 Questions -------------------------......____.......-.....__________ 233 Notes ___________________________________________...... 234 B. The Signature Requirement ----------......____............................... 235 C. More About the Witness (or Attestation) Requirement ................ 236 Problems -----........._______________________...............-.............. 239 D. The Execution Ceremony ____________....._____________...... 241 Note on Safekeeping ------------------...............------------------...... 242 E. Salvage Doctrines: Substantial Compliance and the UPC s Dispensing Power-.-- .............________.....--------........................ 243 Estate of Hall _____.....—.............-.......-.....-.........-..............-......-............. 243 Questions -----.........-----------............-......-..--........-----..............-........... 246 Notes ________.........______..........___.....____.....--........___ 246 Problem ----------------------------........................-.--.......—..............-.....- 249 I. Execution of Wills — Continued F. Holographic Wills ___________________________________ 250 Zhao υ. Wong _______________________________________ 250 Questions --------------------------------------------------------------- 256 Problem ___________________________________________ 257 Notes _____________________________________________ 258 G. Statutory Wills -------------------------------------.....__________ 259 Problems __________________________________________ 259 H. Electronic Wills? ___________.....________.....___________ 260 II. What Constitutes the Will? ---------------------------------------------- 260 A. Introduction _______________________________________ 260 B . Integration and Incorporation by Reference -------------------- 262 Estate of Norton ____________________________________ 262 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 268 Problem ___________________________________________ 268 Clark υ. Greenhalge _________________________________ 269 Questions -----------------------------------------------.....------------ 273 Note ____......._____________________________________ 274 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 275 Problems __________________________________________ 275 С Facts of Independent Significance --------------------------------- 276 Problems __________________________________________ 277 In re Tipler s Will ----------------------------------------------------- 277 Question ______....._______________....._______________ 281 D. Negative Disinheritance -----------.....-.....----------------------- 282 III. Construction Problems Created by the Time Gap Between Will Execution and Death- .....-------------------------.....-----------..... 283 A. Abatement ___________________________.....___________ 283 In re Estate of Potter _________________.....________.....—. 284 Questions --------------------------------------------------------------- 287 Notes _________________....._________________....._____ 288 Questions --------------------------------------------------------------- 289 Note on Demonstrative Devises .....-------------------------------- 290 Problems __________________________________________ 290 Note on Exoneration of Specific Devises ------------------------- 291 Note on Apportionment of Taxes ---------------------------------- 291 Problems __________________________________________ 293 B. Ademption _________________________________________ 293 McGee v. McGee ____________________________________ 294 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 299 Question -------------------------.....--------------------------.....----- 302 Problems _______________________.....__________.....___ 302 Problems ---------------------------------------------------------------- 304 Note on Ademption by Satisfaction ------------------------------- 305 C. Lapse ____________________.....______________________ 306 Problem ___________________________________________ 309 Problem ______________......------------------------------------- 311 Note on Void Devises ___________.....____.....__________ 311 Problem Areas: When Does the Will Override the Antilapse Statute? _________________________________________ 311 Estate of Reh winkel-------------------------------------------------- 311 Notes and Questions -----------------------------.....__________ 315 Sec. III. Construction Problems Created by the Time Gap Between Will Execution and Death — Continued Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 319 Morse υ. Sharkey ------------------------------------------------------ 320 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 322 Problems ---------------------------------------------------------------- 323 IV. Construction Problems More Generally _____________________ 324 A. Reading the Will as a Whole ___________________________ 325 Matter of Marine Midland Bank, N.A. ---------------------------- 326 Notes and Questions ----------------------------------------.....— 331 Problem ___________________________________________ 332 B. Using Extrinsic Evidence _____________......--------------------- 332 1. Is the Will Ambiguous? ____________________________ 333 Estate of Carroll ____________________.................—-......-- 333 Notes and Questions --------------------------------------------- 337 2. Testator s Circumstances and Behavior ---------------------- 338 Estate of Gibbs ___________________________________ 339 Notes and Questions --------------------------------------------- 343 Problems ---------------------------------.....--------------------- 345 3. Testator s Unattested Statements ___________________ 346 Problem ________________________________________ 346 Britt v. Upchurch _____________________.........______ 346 Notes and Questions --------------------------------------------- 352 C. Correcting Mistakes -------------------------------------------------- 353 Gifford v. Dyer ______________________________________ 353 Notes and Questions _________________________________ 354 Knupp v. District of Columbia ___.....___________________ 355 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 358 Problem ___________________________________________ 359 V. Revocation of Wills ____________________....._______________ 359 A. Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------- 359 Gushwa υ. Hunt ------------------------------------------------------- 360 B. Revocation by Subsequent Written Instrument ----------------- 367 Questions __________________________________________ 367 Problem ___________________________________________ 368 Problems ---------------------------------------------------------------- 369 С Revocation by Physical Act ___________________________ 369 Ward-Allen v. Gaskins _______________________________ 370 Questions __________________________________________ 374 Notes --------------------------------.....______......-----......----------- 375 Problems __________________________________.........—......... 377 D. Revocation by Operation of Law _________________.....------ 378 Problems--- .......___________.....--....._____...............-----..............-.--- 380 Notes _________....._______......____.............-...........-.........--......... 381 E . Revival and Dependent Relative Revocation ---------......--------- 382 Problems ____-_______________________.....-......--.....---......____ 383 Note _________________.....___......______.....______.......-.....- 383 Oliva-Foster u. Oliva _________________......____________ 384 Notes and Questions -------------------------------------......---.......- 387 Problems __________________________________________ 388 Sec. VI. Limits on the Power to Revoke: Joint Wills and Will Contracts 389 Garrett v. Read _________________________________________ 389 Questions ----------------------------------------------------------.....___ 395 Note on Joint Wills _________________________________.....- 396 Problems _____________________________________________ 397 Shimp v. Huff ____.........-------------------.....________________ 397 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 403 Problem --------------------------------------------------------------------- 404 Note on Contracts to Make Wills --------------------------------------- 404 VII. Illustrative Will ________________________________________ 405 CHAPTER FIVE. Contesting the Will ____________________ 413 Sec. I. Testamentary Capacity --------------------------------------------------- 413 Barnes v. Marshall -------------------------------------------------------- 413 Wilson υ. Lane -------------------------------------------------------------- 421 Questions ______________---------------------------------....._____ 423 Dougherty v. Ruhenstein--------------------.....------------------------ 428 Notes, Questions, and Problems ---------------------------------------- 436 Gonsalves v. Superior Court -----.........---------------...............-- 438 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 441 Problems -------------------------------------------------------------------- 442 II. Undue Influence ......------------......------------------------------------ 442 Haynes v. First National State Bank of New Jersey ___________ 443 Notes and Questions ----------------------......-------------------------- 454 Will of Moses .........._____________.....____________________ 458 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 465 Problem ___________________________.....________________ 468 III. Fraud ________......_____________________________________ 469 Problem ____.....-----------------------------.....________________ 470 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 471 IV. Tortious Interference with Inheritance _____________________ 473 Estate of Ellis ________________________....._______________ 473 Questions ------------------------------------------------------------------- 478 V. Preparing for the Contest: The Lawyer s Role _______________ 482 Questions _____________________________________________ 483 Question ____________________________________....._______ 487 Notes and Questions -----.....---------------------------------------.....- 488 Problem: Scope of No-Contest Clauses -------------------------------- 489 VI. Special Problems Affecting Some Gay, Lesbian and Transgen- dered Testators --------------------------------------------------------- 491 Will of Kaufmann-----------------------------------------.....----------- 493 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 501 IBM Heiress Case Pushes Legal Boundaries _________________ 504 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------------ 507 CHAPTER SIX. The Government s Share: A Brief Introduc¬ tion to Estate Taxation ----------------------..........____.......... 508 Problem -------------------------...........-......---------.........------..........-.. 515 Problem— .....-......-...........------.......-----..........-------........----------- 517 Note: Gifts Between Spouses .......------.....---------.........------............. 517 Note on the Charitable Deduction ......—.........______.....________...... 518 CHAPTER SEVEN. Trusts .......____.........______________......... 519 Note on Trusts and Legal Life Estates--- .......______......______.....___ 520 Note on the Uniform Trust Code ---.....____........._____............._______ 521 Sec. I. Creation of Trusts _____......_______________.....___________ 522 A. Trust Requisites: The Trustee, the Beneficiary, and the Property —.........------.......____........___............____ 522 1. The Trustee -—......____.......____..........._____.......... 523 2. The Need for Identifiable Beneficiaries -......._____........ 526 Notes and Questions -.........___..........___...............___ 527 Rich Bitch; The Legal Battle Over Trust Funds for Pets. 528 Question-- ...........---.........----...........____..........._____ 532 3. Trust Property ......-—-..........—...............--—.............. 532 Notes- .............-.........—-...........____..........._............ 532 B. Trust Formation: Capacity, Intent, and Formalities .......___ 533 1. Capacity ..........-.............—.............................___..... 533 2. Intent to Create a Trust: The Precatory Language Prob¬ lem .......................--..........___..............___........... 534 Spicer v. Wright ..........-............--...............___............ 534 Levin v. Fisch............--.........----.............____..........._ 536 Questions ------..........----.......-------.........._____.......... 539 Problems -----...........___........____........_______......... 539 Note ..........—.........____......____........________......... 540 3. Trust Formalities ------........____........______........___ 540 Goodman v, Goodman .......____.........________.....___ 540 Questions ----........----....._______......______......._____ 543 Notes on Formalities -....._______.....__________.......____ 544 II. Using Trusts as an Estate Planning Tool ______...............________ 548 A. Providing for Minor Children ____.........._____..............._________ 548 Problem ____..........--......_________________...................... 549 B. Building Flexibility Into the Estate Plan: Support Trusts and Discretionary Trusts .................______............______................... 550 Problem ......._______....._____..........................................„.................... 551 Wells v. Sanford-.- ........—-......_____................._____........................... 561 Questions ______........_____...........____..............______................. 555 Problem .....------------------.....-........_____............___............................ 555 Marsman v. Nasca .........—.......______......________..............__ 555 Notes and Questions ----------........___.....__________........___ 563 С Avoiding Probate ........___....._____........________.....____ 566 1. Avoiding Probate Without the Use of Trusts ___________ 567 Problem _____________________________......________ 570 Sec. II. Using Trusts as an Estate Planning Tool — Continued 2. Avoiding Probate Through the Use of Revocable Inter Vivos Trusts ----------------------------------------------------- 570 Questions ---------------------------------------------------------- 574 Clymer v. Mayo ___________________________________ 577 Questions ---------------------------------------------------------- 580 Notes --------------------------------------------------------------- 580 Heaps v. Heaps -----------.....------------------------------------ 582 Questions ---------------------------------------------------------- 587 Problem ________________________________________ 587 Problem ____________________________________.....- 592 Committee on Professional Ethics v. Baker ____________ 593 Questions ---------------------------------------------------------- 600 Note ____________________________________________ 600 D. Protecting Beneficiaries from Creditors: Support and Dis¬ cretionary Trusts, Revocable Trusts, Spendthrift Trusts and Self-Settled Asset Protection Trusts ______________ 600 1. Support and Discretionary Trusts ---------------------------- 600 Wilcox v. Gentry-— .....—:__________________________ 602 Questions —.....-----------.....---------------------.....------- 605 Notes ______.....________.....---.....________________ 606 2. Spendthrift Trusts —-.....—-.....—-.....______________ 607 Scheffel υ. Krueger ________.....____________________ 610 Notes and Questions -.....----.....—.....--------------------- 612 Problems __________.......—-......________.....________ 613 Notes ------.....______......-—-......_____________.....--— 614 3. Creditors Rights in Self-Settled Trusts, Including Off¬ shore and Domestic Asset Protection Trusts _________ 617 Problems ____.....________________________________ 617 Notes __________________________________________ 618 Federal Trade Commission v. Affordable Media, LLC ----- 619 Notes and Questions --------------------------------------------- 625 Problems _______________________________________ 635 Notes and Questions --------------------------------------------- 637 E. Planning for Incapacity and/or the Costs of Institutional Care ____________________________________________ 639 1. Planning for Incapacity With Revocable Living Trusts ---. 639 Questions -----------------------------------------------.....____ 640 2. Planning Involving Government Health and Medical Benefits _______________________________________ 641 a. Support/Discretionary Trusts Created by Someone Other Than the Beneficiary ----------------- ________ 641 Estate of Gist _________________________________ 642 Questions ____________________________________ 646 b. Self-Settled Trusts and Incapacity ________________ 647 Problem--- .....___.....------------------......__________ 648 Cohen v. Commissioner ------------------------------------- 648 Questions ______........____________.....__________ 653 Notes ________________________________________ 654 F. Minimizing Taxation ------------------------------------------------- 656 1. Inter Vivos Trusts --------........--------------------------------- 656 Estate of Kohlsaat________________________________ 659 Notes and Questions ----.......---------------------------------- 662 Sec. II. Using Trusts as an Estate Planning Tool — Continued 2. Testamentary Trusts: More on Marital Deduction Plan¬ ning, and an Introduction to the Generation-Skipping Tax- ......___......._____.........—-........___....._____ 663 a. Maximizing the Assets Available to the Surviving Spouse While Minimizing Taxation--.. .....------------ 664 b. Protecting Assets for Beneficiaries Other Than the Surviving Spouse-... ......_____________________...... 666 Problems -------.....-.....____....._____......_____.....___ 669 с Generation-Skipping Trusts ----------......—......-------- 670 Problem. ........___......._______.......______________ 671 III. Trust Modification and Termination.- ......--------.....---------------- 671 A. Modification or Termination by Direction of the Trust Set¬ tlor-— .....___......._____.......____....._______________ 672 Connecticut General Life Insurance Co. v. First National Bank of Minneapolis ------.......-------.....---------------------- 672 Questions--- ........----.........------.......-----.......---------------- 674 B. Modification or Termination by Consent-- ......------.....------- 675 Adams v. Link -.........—..........___.........—.......-----........ 676 American National Bank of Cheyenne v. Miller -----.......----- 679 Problems .......—..........—............---.........-..........-----...... 683 Notes and Questions ............-....................................----- 685 C. Modification or Termination Without Consent of All Benefi¬ ciaries ..........-...................................... --........—-....... 688 1. Mistake —-..........-—..........—..........—..........—........— 689 Walker v. Walker ..........—.........—-........—-........____ 689 Note .......—-.........-............—........____......________ 694 2. Unanticipated Circumstances Affecting Trust Objectives 695 3. Modification or Termination to Provide for Needy In¬ come Beneficiaries: New York s EPTL Section 7-1.6(b) 695 Problem .—.......___........___.......____.....__________ 695 IV. Charitable Trusts ......___.........____......__________________ 696 A. Tax Incentives for Charitable Giving ----------------.......-------- 697 B. Charitable Purposes ----------......___________......---------...... 698 Shenandoah Valley National Bank of Winchester v. Taylor ... 698 Questions .......------............___.......___.........-----.............--------- 704 Notes- .....-------......_____.............___________............___......—- 704 С Standing: Who Can Enforce the Charitable Trust s Terms? -. 707 Problem .......------...........--------......_____________........................... 709 D. The Су Pres Doctrine ____.......___..............._____......—...............—. 710 Problem ___......._____..........____.................................—..............-............ 710 Estate of Crawshaw _________........______........-----......-----........... 710 Questions -----------.......-------..........---------......---................................ 720 Notes (and More Questions)---- .....______.....—........________ 720 A Move for Art s Sake Stirs Debate on Bequests - -........--------.....- 724 Questions ......-----------------------------..........-----......—-................ 726 Estate of Wilson ____________.....____.....___________.......- 726 Notes and Questions _________......._______________........ 733 Tropical Battle of Race, Rights Divides Islanders --------....... 734 Note ______________________________________________ 735 CHAPTER EIGHT. Powers of Appointment _______.......____ 737 Sec. I. Terminology and Classification ----------------------------------------- 738 A. Property Law _________......-------------.....---------........----- 738 1. The Parties to a Power of Appointment -......---------....... 738 2. Scope of the Power .....________......______......_______ 739 a. General Powers and Special (Non-General) Powers — 739 b. Exclusive and Non-Exclusive Powers --.......------....... 740 3. Time of Appointment __________.......--------.......-------- 740 Problems __________........-----------........--------.......—- 741 B. Powers of Appointment and the Internal Revenue Code -...... 742 Problem _________......._______......._______.....________ 742 II. Creation and Exercise --------.....-------------.....----------.......------ 743 Estate of Hamilton ___________.....________......____________ 743 Questions -------------------------------.......----------......---------.....- 745 Notes ---------------------------------------......----------......----------- 746 Will of Block __________________......________......_________ 747 Notes and Questions ________......----------......----------.....— 750 Problem _______......____......_________.....______.......____ 752 Problem .....___________......_________........_____.......______ 753 III. Scope of the Power _____.......—.____..........._____........._____ 754 Problem -----------------........_____............._____........_______ 754 A. Exercising a Power by Creating another Trust ......-------..... 755 B. Exercising a Power by Creating Another Power .....----------- 756 С Exceeding the Power s Scope ..............------..........---------- 757 1. Limits on the Holder of a Special Power. .........-----........ 757 Will of Carroll ......____..........._____...........—-......... 757 Questions _________............_____.........___.........—- 760 2. Consequences of Ineffective Appointments -------........— 760 Question _________........-----------.......--------.......------ 763 D. Contracts to Appoint and Releases ___........------.........----- 763 1. Contracts to Appoint ------------------.....---------......------- 763 Problem _________.......________......______......_____ 764 Benjamin v. Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. -------------------- 764 Question ------------------------.......----------......--------......- 765 2. Releases _________________.....____________________ 765 Seidel v. Werner ___________________.....---------.....—. 767 Notes, Questions, and Problems ------------------------------- 771 IV. Rights of Creditors ______________________....._____________ 772 Problem .......________________________......______......___ 772 Problem .....__________________________________......_____ 775 Note on Powers in Bankruptcy -----------------------.....------------- 775 V. Powers of Appointment as a Tax Planning Tool ----.....------------ 775 A. Introduction _________________........______.......______ 775 Problem- .....______________........._______......_____....... 776 B. When is Property Subject to a Power Included in Donee s Estate? .....____________............_______.......____...... 777 1. The Statute ___________.....________________________ 777 Sec. V. Powers of Appointment as a Tax Planning Tool — Continued 2. Powers of Invasion Over the Entire Principal of the Trust ________..........._______________.........____ 779 Problem ___________________.........______________ 779 Best v. United States ____________________.......______ 780 Questions --------------------------------------------------------- 785 3. Limited Powers of Invasion: Lapse and the $5,000/5% Power ____.....-....._________________....._______ 786 Estate of Kurz v. Commissioner -----------------.......--------- 787 Questions --------------------------------------------------------- 790 CHAPTER NINE. Classification and Construction of Future Interests ________......_____________________________......- 792 Sec. I. Classification of Future Interests ----------------------------------..-- 793 A. Future Interests and Present Interests - -.....-------------------- 793 B. The Categories of Future Interests ------------------------------ 794 1. The Basic Classification System ____________________ 794 2. Future Interests in the Grantor ....._________________ 795 3. Future Interests in Persons Other Than the Grantor ----- 795 a. Traditional Distinctions Among Remainders ----------- 795 Webb v. Underhill...... ...............___________........- 797 Notes and Questions ------------------...........________ 799 Problem ................_____________........__________ 801 b. Executory Interests ......----------------..........---------- 801 с Restatement Simplification -----------------..........------ 802 II. Construction of Future Interests: Gifts to Individuals -..........- - - 802 A. Should We Imply a Condition of Survival? __________......... 803 Uchtorffv. Hanson __________.........___________.....-.- 803 Questions and Problems ----------.........---------------.........-- 810 Note on the Presumption in Favor of Early Vesting -.....— 812 Problem ......________________.....___________________ 816 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------ 821 Problems ____________________.....__________________ 821 B. Express Conditions of Survival -------------------.......---------- 822 Matter of Krooss --------------------------------------------.......-- 822 Questions ------------------------------------------------------------- 826 Problems _____________________....._________________ 827 III. Construction of Class Gifts _____________......_______....._____ 828 A. Increase in Class Membership ..--.....----------------------------- 829 In re Evans Estate ___________.......-.......___......___.......-.....- 831 Questions ______...........-—........._________________......—- 833 Notes— .....____......._______________......________...........—- 833 Problems ____.............—-.....-......____......._________.......___ 834 B. Decrease in Class Membership: Survivorship Again ____........- 835 Problem ____________________.......____......_____................. 835 Usryv. Fair ______...........____.....____............_______.................. 836 Question ----------------------......____......--------......_____......-. 840 Problems -----------------------------------.....------------------------ Sec. III. Construction of Class Gifts — Continued Matter of Marine Midland Bank, N.A. ---------------------------- 841 Notes --------.....----------------------------__________________ 841 Questions and Problems --------------------------------------------- 843 С UPC§ 2-707: A Reprise ______________________________ 844 Problems and Questions --------------------------------------------- 844 D. Adopted Members of the Class ------------------------------------- 845 Newman υ. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A .......______....._______ 846 Questions --------------------------------------------------------------- 851 Notes ______________________......____________________ 852 E. Class Gifts and Assisted Reproduction —......------------------- 854 F. Gifts to Heirs ____________________________________ 855 Harris Trust and Savings Bank v. Beach ------------------------ 855 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------------------- 861 G. Class Gifts of Income ________________________________ 864 Dewire v. Haveles ----------------------------------------------------- 864 Notes and Questions _________________________________ 868 CHAPTER TEN. The Rule Against Perpetuities -.....________ 869 Sec. I. Making Sense of the Rule: A Bit of Policy, and a Bit of History 870 II. The Rule s Operation ___________________......_________..... 873 A. Which Interests are Subject to the Rule---- ..........------------- 873 1. Present Interests ------------------.......--------......----------- 874 2. Future Interests in the Grantor -----------......-......-------- 874 3. Future Interests in Transferees ----.......--------......------- 875 B. Applying the Rule: Vesting and Measuring Lives ____......—. 876 1. When Will an Interest Vest? _________..........___......... 876 2. What Does It Mean for an Interest to Fail or Fail to Vest? ---------.....-----------------......_____......________ 877 3. Interests Can Vest Before They Become Possessory _____ 877 Problem ________________________________________ 878 4. Lives in Being : Choosing Measuring Lives --------------- 878 5. Twenty-One Years-— ......-------------------------------------- 883 Problems ---------------------------------......-------------------- 884 Note ____________________________________________ 885 III. Recurring Problems ------------------------------------------------------- 885 A. When Does the Perpetuities Period Start to Run?: Revocable and Irrevocable Inter Vivos Trusts ------------.....------------ 885 Cook v. Horn _______________________________________ 886 Questions ----------.....------------------------------------------------ 888 Problems- .....-----......-----------------------------..........._____ 888 B. Remote Possibilities -------------------------------------------------- 889 1. The Fertile Octogenarian --------------------------------------- 889 Problems-- .....----------------------------.......____________ 891 Notes _________________________________......_____ 891 2. The Precocious Toddler ----------------------------------------- 892 Notes __________________________________________ 893 Sec. III. Recurring Problems — Continued 3. The Unborn Widow ______________......______________ 893 Dickerson υ. Union National Bank ---------------------------- 893 Notes and Questions .....---------.....______....._________ 896 4. The Slothful Executor —......._______________________ 897 Notes and Questions ______________________________ 897 C. Application to Charitable Gifts and Trusts ----------.....------- 898 D. Consequences of Invalidity ---------.......--------------------------- 899 Problem _____.....___________________________________ 901 IV. Class Gifts —......_______________________________________ 901 A. The General Rule ___________________________________ 901 Problem ________________........______......______________ 902 B. The Ameliorative Impact of the Class-Closing Rule of Con¬ venience ------------------------------------------.....---------------- 903 Problem ___________________________________________ 904 V. Powers of Appointment ---------------------------------......---------......- 905 A. Is the Power Valid? ________________________________...... 905 Problem ....._____________________________________....... 907 B. Has the Power Been Validly Exercised? _________________ 907 1. The Scope of the Relation-Back Doctrine _____________ 907 Industrial National Bank of Rhode Island v. Barrett ------ 908 Notes and Questions _____......._____________________ 911 2. The Second-Look Doctrine ------------------------------------- 912 Problems -----......_____.........--------.....-------.....-------- 913 С Validity of Gifts in Default of Appointment —.......____.....- 913 Problem ______........_____........____......._____.....______ 914 Sears υ. Coolidge---- .......______......______________.....— 914 VI. Savings Clauses -----......._____.........--------.....--------.....------- 917 Estate of Holt -........____......______........____________......--- 918 Notes and Questions ______........---------......-------.....---------- 922 VII. Perpetuities Reform: Legislative and Judicial Salvage Doctrines 924 A. Construction and Reformation ------------------------------------ 925 B. Wait and See ......______________......_________________ 925 С USRAP- ....._______________________________________ 927 Problems---- .....________________________________.....—- 933 Problem ___________________________________________ 934 D. Abolition of the Rule ______________________________...... 934 CHAPTER ELEVEN. Planning for Incapacity - -.............-......... 938 See. I. Introduction _________________.......________.......-..—......______ 938 II. Managing the Client s Assets ___________......___............___.........-..... 938 A. The Default Regime : Conservatorship --------------------...........- 938 Notes and Questions -------------------------------------.....------- 940 Guardianship: Cases of Financial Exploitation, Neglect, and Abuse of Seniors ......________________________.........-----...... 942 In re Maher —......----------.....________....._____......____.....— 945 Notes and Questions -------------------------------------.....----........ 950 Sec. II. Managing the Client s Assets — Continued B. Planning Around the Default Rules: Powers of Attorney ----- 951 Notes and Questions ___........-------------------.....________ 956 Estate of Huston —......______________......________.......- 959 Notes and Questions ------------------.........----------........----- 963 Problem-— ........-------...........-.....____________________ 965 III. Health Care and Death Decisions ------------------.........------------ 965 The Schiavo Autopsy; The Post-Mortem .............----------......-- 965 As Man Lay in Coma-Like State, His Brain Was Busy Rebuild¬ ing ........-----.......--------...............-----------.............---------- 967 Notes _____......._____.........____________..........______......... 969 A. The Health Care Default Regime —..........________.........- 969 Notes and Questions ----------------........-------------.....-------- 971 B. Legal Documents: (Attempting to) Draft Around the Default Regime —......----------............-----------------......________ 972 1. The Durable Health Care Power of Attorney __________ 972 Notes and Questions ---..............._________......._____ 974 2. Advance Directives or Living Wills ...........______....... 974 Questions and Notes .............------------...........---------- 976 С Practical Problems: Persuading the Physicians ------..........-- 977 Questions .......----.............--------------............._____....... 978 Note ......—-........._____...................______..........._____ 978 D. Physician-Assisted Suicide --------.................-------............ 979 Questions .........-------..................._____.............____..... 981 IV. Long-Term Care at Journey s End ................--------............-.. 981 CHAPTER TWELVE. Co-ordinating Non-Probate Assets With the Probate Estate ........._________............_____..... 984 Sec. I. Introduction -------.....-----------............---------------........-------- 984 IL P.O.D. Accounts, Revocable Trusts, and Wills ..........______...... 984 Araiza u. Younkin ......--------..............--------------.......---------- 984 Notes and Questions ........-----------------..........-----------........- 987 III. Retirement Plan Assets —...........------------------.......------------ 988 Nunnenman v. Estate of Grubbs -...............-------------.....-------- 989 Notes and Questions ---........-----------------........----------.......... 992 Kennedy v. Plan Administrator for DuPont Savings and Invest¬ ment Plan ---------.......---------.................------------------------- 994 Notes and Questions ---.......------------------.........-----------....... 998 Note on Choosing Plan Beneficiaries ----------------.......----------- 999 IV. Life Insurance ----------......-------------------..........---------........- 999 A. Introduction ........____..............____________......._____ 999 Lincoln Life and Annuity Company of New York v. Caswell 1001 B. Some Basic Tax-Oriented Estate Planning With Insurance --1002 Problem ____________..........................______.........___ 1003 CHAPTER THIRTEEN. Estate and Trust Administration —- 1005 Sec. I. Estate Administration ----------------------------------------------------1005 A. Do We Need to Administer the Estate? __________________1006 Problems __________________________________________1007 B. Where Do We Administer the Estate — Domiciliary and An¬ cillary Jurisdiction Over Probate -------------------------------1008 Problem ___________________________________________1008 С How the Executor Probates the Will ____________________1009 D. Ascertaining and Maximizing the Size of the Estate: Collect¬ ing Assets and Disposing of Creditor Claims ------------------1010 1. Collecting Assets _________________________________1011 Problems ____________________....._________________1011 2. Creditors Claims _____________________.....___.........— 1012 a. Pre-Death Creditors ______________________.......-----1012 Tulsa Professional Collection Services, Inc. v. Pope ----1014 Notes and Questions -----------------------------------------1020 Problems _____________________________________1021 3. Post-Death Creditors _____________________________1021 Vance v. Estate of Myers -----------------------------------------1022 Notes and Questions ______________________________1025 E. Compensating the Fiduciary (and the Fiduciary s Lawyer) -- 1027 1. How Should Personal Representatives by Compensated? 1027 Problems _______________________________________1029 Questions _______________________________________1029 2. Attorney Fees ____________________________________1030 Estate of Stevenson -----------------------------------------------1031 Notes and Questions ______________________________1038 Problems -----------------------------------------------------------1039 II. The Duty of Loyalty ____________________________________1041 Questions _____________________________________________1043 Matter of Kinzler _______________________________.....______1044 Questions and Notes ----------------------------------.....---------------1046 Matter of Estate ofRothko ________________________________1046 Questions and Notes --------------.....-----------------------------------1051 III. The Duty of Care _______________________________________1053 A. The Duty of Care in General __________________________1054 Allard v. Pacific National Bank ---------------.....____________1054 Questions ________________.....________________.....____1060 B. Delegation of Fiduciary Obligations -----.....________......___1061 Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Children v. Gardiner ______1061 Questions ---------------------------..............______________.....___1064 Note on Delegation -------.......-----------........-......----......------------1065 Questions ________________________.....________________1066 С Portfolio Management -----------------------------------------------1067 In re Estate of Janes --------------.....-.....-----.....__..... --....._____1068 Notes and Questions ------------------------------------.....------......1075 Problem _____________________......—-............-......---........-.....---- 1079 McGinley v. Bank of America, N.A. ----.........___________..... 1079 Notes and Questions —.......------------------.......------------------1085 Questions __________________________________________1087 D. Safeguarding Property -The Duty Not to Commingle ---------1087 Questions.--- ....._____________________________________1087 Sec. W. Duties to Multiple Beneficiaries: Principal and Income ------------1088 A. Framing the Problem---- ........____............-------------------1088 B. Solving the Problem by Drafting: The Unitrust ----------------1089 Question ____________........---------......------------------......1089 C . Statutorily Authorized Conversions to Unitrusts ------..........1089 D. A Statutory Solution: The Uniform Principal and Income Act ..........................______.........______..............--1090 Questions ......................._____............-----------.............1092 Problems ______.............______...........________.............1092 V. Accountings and the Duty to Inform Trust Beneficiaries ......— 1092 In re Freihofer ...................______.........._____..............____1093 Questions and Notes -..........______.........-----------..........-----1096 Johnson v. Johnson- ................--------........--------------.....------1096 Notes and Questions -..............---------.....--------------------------1099 VI. Resignation and Removal of Trustees .......-----------............— 1101 A. Resignation .........-----------------......-----------............-------1101 B. Removal ............__________......________........_________1102 Kappus v. Kappus ----------------........------------...........-------1102 Notes and Questions -----------..........----------.............-------1106 VII. Fiduciary Litigation: Who Pays?- ........______.........--------------1108 Rudnick v. Rudnick ----------------........---------..........-------------1108 Notes and Questions ......----------..........--------..............--------1111 Index ........____________.................... ~~~ ............----------............1113
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author	Sterk, Stewart E. Leslie, Melanie B. Dobris, Joel C.
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spelling	Sterk, Stewart E. Verfasser aut Estates and trusts cases and materials by Stewart E. Sterk ; Melanie B. Leslie ; Joel C. Dobris 4. ed. New York, NY Foundation Press [u.a.] 2011 XLIX, 1122 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier University casebook series Decedents' estates / United States / Cases Inheritance and succession / United States / Cases Wills / United States / Cases Trusts and trustees / United States / Cases USA Leslie, Melanie B. Verfasser aut Dobris, Joel C. Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Passau application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024397861&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Sterk, Stewart E. Leslie, Melanie B. Dobris, Joel C. Estates and trusts cases and materials Decedents' estates / United States / Cases Inheritance and succession / United States / Cases Wills / United States / Cases Trusts and trustees / United States / Cases
title	Estates and trusts cases and materials
title_auth	Estates and trusts cases and materials
title_exact_search	Estates and trusts cases and materials
title_full	Estates and trusts cases and materials by Stewart E. Sterk ; Melanie B. Leslie ; Joel C. Dobris
title_fullStr	Estates and trusts cases and materials by Stewart E. Sterk ; Melanie B. Leslie ; Joel C. Dobris
title_full_unstemmed	Estates and trusts cases and materials by Stewart E. Sterk ; Melanie B. Leslie ; Joel C. Dobris
title_short	Estates and trusts
title_sort	estates and trusts cases and materials
title_sub	cases and materials
topic	Decedents' estates / United States / Cases Inheritance and succession / United States / Cases Wills / United States / Cases Trusts and trustees / United States / Cases
topic_facet	Decedents' estates / United States / Cases Inheritance and succession / United States / Cases Wills / United States / Cases Trusts and trustees / United States / Cases USA
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024397861&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT sterkstewarte estatesandtrustscasesandmaterials AT lesliemelanieb estatesandtrustscasesandmaterials AT dobrisjoelc estatesandtrustscasesandmaterials

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