Media, society: industries, images, and audiences
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Los Angeles [u.a.]
Sage
2012
|
| Ausgabe: | 4. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 395 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781412974202 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804148362979573760 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Media, society
Autor: Croteau, David
Jahr: 2012
Detailed Contents
List of Exhibits xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xix
PART I. MEDIA/SOCIETY 1
1 Media and the Social World 3
The Importance of Media 4
The Rise of Mass Media 8
The Print Medium 9
Sound Recording and the Film Medium 9
Broadcast Media 12
The Internet and New Technologies 13
Media and Society 14
Mass Media in Socialization 14
Mass Media in Social Relations 16
A Sociology of Media 17
The Importance of Social Relations 18
Structural Constraint and Human Agency 19
Structure and Agency in the Media 21
A Model of Media and the Social World 23
Applying the Model: The Civil Rights Movement 25
Conclusion 28
PART II. PRODUCTION: THE MEDIA INDUSTRY AND THE SOCIAL WORLD 29
£ The Economics of the Media Industry 31
Changing Patterns of Ownership 32
Concentration of Ownership 32
Conglomeration and Integration 38
Consequences of Conglomeration and Integration 42
Integration and Self-Promotion 42
The Impact of Conglomeration 43
The Effects of Concentration 45
Media Control and Political Power 45
Media Ownership and Content Diversity 48
Mass Media for Profit 54
Prime-Time Profits 55
Cheaper Programs for Smaller Audiences 56
Profit and the News Media 58
The Impact of Advertising 59
Advertising and the Press in the 19th Century 63
Advertising and the Contemporary News Media 65
Marketing and New Media 67
Conclusion 70
Political Influence on Media 71
The Case of Pirate Radio 72
Common Features of Media Regulation Debates 75
The First Freedom 77
The Public Interest and the Regulation Debate 80
Regulation in International Perspective 81
Regulating Ownership and Control 82
Regulating Ownership of Media Outlets 83
Regulating Ownership of Programming: The Case of
Fin-Syn Rules 86
Regulating Ownership and Control of Technology 87
The Internet and Net Neutrality 88
Computer Software 89
Regulating Media Content and Distribution 91
Regulating the Media Left and Right:
Diversity Versus Property Rights 91
Regulating for Diversity: The Fairness Doctrine 92
Regulating for Morality 93
Ratings and Warnings 94
Outlawing and Controlling Distribution 98
The Challenges of Web 2.0 100
The Issue of Violence 101
Regulating for Accuracy: Advertising 103
Regulating in the National Interest 105
Informal Political, Social, and Economic Pressure 108
Conclusion 111
Media Organizations and Professionals 113
The Limits of Economic and Political Constraints 113
Working Within Economic Constraints 114
Responding to Political Constraints 114
Decision Making for Profit: Imitation, Hits, and Stars 116
High Costs and Unpredictable Tastes 116
Art Imitating Art 117
Stars and the Hit System 119
Creating Hits and Producing Stars 120
Using Stars to Combat Uncertainty 121
Beyond Stars to a Universe of Products 123
The Organization of Media Work 123
Conventions 124
News Routines and Their Consequences 125
The Role of News Wire Services 128
Selecting Front-Page Stories 128
Objectivity 130
The Rise of User-Generated Content 135
Users and Mainstream Media: iReport 135
Amateurs and Professionals Together: Pro-Am Efforts 136
Collaborative Content Creation: Wikinews 136
Citizen Journalists: OhmyNews 137
Occupational Roles and Professional Socialization 138
Roles 138
Photography 139
Editorial Decision Making 143
Norms on the Internet,
New Media, and New Organizations 147
Conclusion 150
PART III. CONTENT: MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS OF THE SOCIAL WORLD 151
D Media and Ideology 153
What Is Ideology? 153
Ideology and the Real World 153
Dominant Ideology Versus Cultural Contradictions 154
The Culture War Battles Over Ideology 155
Ideology as Normalization 156
Theoretical Roots of Ideological Analysis 158
Early Marxist Origins 158
Hegemony 159
News Media and the Limits of Debate 163
Elites and Insiders 163
Economic News as Ideological Construct 165
Movies, the Military, and Masculinity 167
Action-Adventure Films 168
Vietnam Films and War Films Today 168
Television, Popularity, and Ideology 170
Television and Reality 171
6
Television and the Changing American Family 172
Revising Tradition: The New Momism 174
Rap Music as Ideological Critique? 174
Advertising and Consumer Culture 177
Selling Consumerism in the Early 20th Century 179
Women s Magazines as Advertisements 180
Advertising and the Globalization of Culture 181
Conclusion 184
Social Inequality and Media Representation 185
Comparing Media Content and the Real World 186
The Significance of Content 187
Content as Reflection of Producers 188
Content as Reflection of Audience Preference 188
Content as Reflection of Society in General 188
Content as an Influence on Audiences 189
Content as Self-Enclosed Text 189
Race, Ethnicity, and Media Content: Inclusion, Roles, and Control 190
Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Media Content 191
Race, Ethnicity, and Media Roles 193
Controlling Media Images of Race 200
Gender and Media Content 201
Women: Presence and Control in the Media 201
Changing Media Roles for Women . . . and Men 202
The Case of Women s Sports 203
Class and the Media 205
For Advertisers, Some People Are More Valuable Than Others 205
Class and Media Content 207
Sexual Orientation: Out of the Closet and Into the Media? 212
Conclusion 215
PART IV. AUDIENCES: MEANING AND INFLUENCE 217
7 Media Influence and the Political World 219
Media and Political Elites 220
A Politics of Image 221
The Decline of Political Parties and Mediating Institutions 226
The Professionalization of Political Communication 227
Politics as Spectator Sport 229
Media and Individual Citizens 230
Media Effects: From Influence to Interaction 231
The Gap Between Theory and Popular Perception 234
Lessons From the Research 236
Media and Social Movements 237
8
The Internet and Political News 239
Political Campaigns and the Internet 239
Social Movements and the Internet 240
Digital Technologies and the Future of Politics 241
Politics and Entertainment Media 244
Television and Film 244
Music 247
Global Media, Global Politics 250
The Cultural Imperialism Thesis 250
The Politics of Media in Other Nations 251
Conclusion 254
Active Audiences and the Construction of Meaning 255
The Active Audience 256
Interpretation 257
The Social Context of Interpretation 258
Collective Action 258
Meanings: Agency and Structure 259
Agency and Polysemy 259
Structure and Interpretive Constraint 262
Decoding Media and Social Position 262
Class and Nationwide 263
Gender, Class, and Television 266
Race, News, and Meaning Making 267
International Readings of American Television 268
The Social Context of Media Use 272
Romance Novels and the Act of Reading 272
Watching Television With the Family 274
The Internet and the Culture of Sharing and Disclosing 276
Active Audiences and Interpretive Resistance 277
Interpretive Resistance and Feminist Politics 278
Resistance and Identity 279
The Pleasures of Media 280
Pleasure and Fantasy 281
Celebrity Games 282
Pleasure and Resistance 283
Conclusion 284
Media Technology 285
The Nature of Media Technology 285
Differing Technological Capabilities 286
Mediating Communication: Traditional Versus New Media 287
Technological Determinism and Its Limits 289
Technological Determinism 290
The Influence of Social Forces 290
The Social Construction of Media Technologies 291
The Early Years of Radio 291
Television Finds a Home 294
Introducing the Internet 295
Web 2.0 Versus the 1% Rule 296
How Media Technology Matters 299
McLuhan s Optimistic Message 299
Media s Impact on Time and Space 300
The Rise of Television Images 303
New Media and the Culture of Distraction 306
New Media Technology and Social Forces 308
Commercial Interests and User Habits 309
The Business Models of New Media Companies 310
The Threat to Privacy: The Expansion of Behavioral Targeting 315
In Search of an Audience: The Long Tail and the Fragmentation of Media 317
Using New Technologies 319
Creativity and Diversity 319
Political Engagement 320
Conclusion 321
PART V. GLOBALIZATION AND THE FUTURE 323
10
Media in a Changing Global Culture 325
What Is Globalization? 326
Crossing Limits of Time and Space 326
Crossing Cultural Boundaries 327
The Promise and Reality of Media Globalization 328
The Global Media Industry 329
Global Products, Centralized Ownership 329
The Case of the News Corporation 330
Global Media Content 332
The Debate Over Cultural Imperialism 332
The Fight to Preserve Local Cultures 334
The Imperialism Thesis: Some Complications 336
The Politics of Information Flow 339
Global Media Consumption: Limits of the Global Village 341
Regulating Global Media 344
Afterword: The Ubiquity of Change and the Future of Media 346
Appendix: Selected Media-Related Internet Resources 349
References 353
Index 379
About the Authors 395
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| spelling | Croteau, David Verfasser aut Media, society industries, images, and audiences David Croteau ; William Hoynes ; Stefania Milan 4. ed. Los Angeles [u.a.] Sage 2012 XIX, 395 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd rswk-swf Soziologie (DE-588)4077624-4 gnd rswk-swf Massenmedien (DE-588)4037877-9 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Massenmedien (DE-588)4037877-9 s Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 s DE-604 Soziologie (DE-588)4077624-4 s 1\p DE-604 Hoynes, William Verfasser aut Milan, Stefania Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024397182&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Croteau, David Hoynes, William Milan, Stefania Media, society industries, images, and audiences Gesellschaft (DE-588)4020588-5 gnd Soziologie (DE-588)4077624-4 gnd Massenmedien (DE-588)4037877-9 gnd |
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| title | Media, society industries, images, and audiences |
| title_auth | Media, society industries, images, and audiences |
| title_exact_search | Media, society industries, images, and audiences |
| title_full | Media, society industries, images, and audiences David Croteau ; William Hoynes ; Stefania Milan |
| title_fullStr | Media, society industries, images, and audiences David Croteau ; William Hoynes ; Stefania Milan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Media, society industries, images, and audiences David Croteau ; William Hoynes ; Stefania Milan |
| title_short | Media, society |
| title_sort | media society industries images and audiences |
| title_sub | industries, images, and audiences |
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