Writing as technology and cultural ecology: explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Frankfurt am Main [u.a.]
Lang
2011
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Duisburger Arbeiten zur Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft
82 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | 373 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9783631617366 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Haarmann, Harald |d 1946- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)122478452 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Writing as technology and cultural ecology |b explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history |c Harald Haarmann |
| 264 | 1 | |a Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] |b Lang |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a 373 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804148300606078976 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Table of Contents
Introduction: Elementary parameters in the study of ancient writing
systems
........................................................................................................13
Writing research: The orphanage of a non-established discipline of
scholarly research
............................:............................................................14
The bias of the conditioned mind: Ex
oriente
lux and the
Mesopotamian prototype model of civilization
........................................17
Ex
oriente
lux -Ex meridie lux -Ex occidente lux:
Reassessing
cultural chronology
......................................................................................22
Writing as technology and cultural ecology
.................................................27
1.
The intentionality of symbol-making and the working of cultural
memory
.......................................................................................................33
Symbol-making as a tool of intentionality
...................................................34
Identification through language as non-written code
...................................36
Knowledge-construction and the role of visual signifiers in illiterate
cultures
.........................................................................................................43
Cultural symbolism and visual signifiers in the Anatolian
Neolithic
.................................................................................................44
Approaches to replace the Goddess by a bull god
..................................46
Approaches to replace the Goddess by a bear
........................................47
Memory boards in traditional cultures: Techniques of visual
memorizing on the verge of writing
.......................................................48
2.
Sign systems as constructs of the abstract mind -Communication
systems in processes of higher-order knowledge-construction
...............55
Specialized sign use
(1):
Numerical and calendrical notation
......................55
Specialized sign use
(2):
Symbolism of identification
.................................60
Specialized sign use
(3):
Writing in a web of communication systems
.......61
Specialized sign use
(4):
The interplay of communication systems
-
A typology
...................................................................................................69
National language-English bilingualism (NEB)
-
A functional
pattern of communication and its infrastructure
.....................................79
3. Models
of ancient civilizations
-
Oecumene
versus state
.......................83
The
oecumene
model of ancient civilization
-
The archeological
record
...........................................................................................................88
Human ecology and the rise of the
oecumene
model: The formation
of the Danube civilization (Old Europe)
......................................................91
The role of myth for assessing ecological conditions in the
prehistory of southeastern Europe
..........................................................93
Environmental changes caused by the Black Sea flood of
с
6700
ВСЕ........................................................................................................
98
Human response to the Black Sea flood and trends of cultural
evolution in the post-deluge era
...........................................................103
Old European settlements, their layout and size
...................................107
Innovative technologies
........................................................................108
Pottery
.............................................................................................108
Experimenting with metallurgical techniques
.................................109
The proliferation of imagery
...........................................................111
Conditions for the shift toward the state model
.........................................114
Human ecology and the rise of the state model: The emergence of
city-states in Mesopotamia
.........................................................................117
Convergent technologies and life-styles in the pre-Sumerian era
(c.
6500 -
с
4000
ВСЕ).......................................................................
119
Pre-Sumerian cultural terminology
......................................................120
Assessing the Occidental-Oriental time gap
.........................................123
4.
Conditions for the transition to literacy
-
Deconstructing
a Euro-American myth
............................................................................125
The traditional canon of imagined needs for introducing writing
technology
..................................................................................................125
The fallibility of the Euro-American canon
(1):
The puzzle of
Catalhöyük -
A technologically advanced Neolithic community
without writing technology
........................................................................129
The fallibility of the Euro-American canon
(2):
The civilization of
Sicán
in the Lambayeque valley
(Perú)
-
The functioning of
institutions of an advanced culture without the use of writing
...................132
The fallibility of the Euro-American canon
(3):
Fluctuations of
systemic sign use
-
Community life at Troy, a civilization oscillating
between illiteracy and literacy
...................................................................133
5.
Writing technology and cultural ecology in societies without
statehood
(1):
First writing in communities of the
oecumene
model
... 137
First writing without the pressing needs of state bureaucracy: Writing
as a ritual means to sustain community life
...............................................138
The ecology of writing in the Danube
oecumene
.......................................139
The famous and infamous
Tartaria
Tablets
:
Original signs or
foreign import?
.....................................................................................146
In the presence of the Sacred: Belief systems and first writing in
the Danube civilization
.........................................................................150
Inscribed figurines
................................................................................152
Inscribed spindle-whorls
......................................................................154
Interconnections of cultural symbolism and script signs within the
spirited world of the ancient
Danubiane
...............................................156
Parallelism of motifs on the human body and on figurines
..................157
Parallelism of motifs on figurines and on artifacts with non-practical
functions
...............................................................................................161
Parallelism of motifs throughout the spectrum of templates
bearing cultural symbols (i.e. the human body, figurines, pottery,
utensils and requisites)
.........................................................................162
The Danube script and its legacy
-
Pre-alphabetic literacy as a
leitmotiv in the Balkanic-Aegean convergence zone
.................................165
The working of cultural memory and the continuity of sign
systems in the horizon of time
..............................................................167
Signs and symbols in the Cycladic culture
...........................................170
The renewal of literacy in Minoan Crete
..............................................175
Parameters of Balkanic-Aegean continuity in the domain of writing
technology
............................................................................................178
The principle of linear writing
........................................................178
The repertory of graphic parallelisms in the Old European and
ancient Cretan linear scripts
............................................................178
Ligatures as atypical feature of the writing systems
......................182
The diacritical technique of distinguishing individual signs
...........182
The social functions of the writing systems as sacred scripts
.........184
The use of inscribed stamp seals
.....................................................184
The close association of writing with the religious symbolism
......185
The tradition of inscribing human figurines
...................................188
The tradition of inscribing sculptures of sacrificial animals
...........189
The tradition of writing on pottery
..................................................190
The tradition of inscribing weights
.................................................190
The ancient Aegean substratum in the early versions of the Greek
alphabet
-
Lingering traces of pre-Greek literacy
................................191
Trade relations and writing in the communities of the ancient Indus
civilization
.................................................................................................195
6.
Writing technology and cultural ecology in societies without
statehood
(2):
First writing and the transition to social hierarchy
..........199
The ecology of writing and shamanistic rituals in ancient China
...............199
Divinities, ritual calendar and writing in Olmec culture
............................207
Reflections of an early stage of a hunters culture
...............................209
Subsistence and beliefs of agrarian village communities
.....................210
The emergence of social hierarchy
.......................................................211
Olmec inventiveness and the mother of Mesoamerican writing
...........215
7.
Writing technology and cultural ecology in communities of the
state model
................................................................................................219
Communicational challenges for early statehood in Egypt and in the
ancient Orient
.............................................................................................219
The dual function of early writing technology in pre-dynastic
Egypt.
...................................................................................................220
First writing at the service of temple bureaucracy in ancient
Sumer
and the sources of the sign inventory
........................................223
Early documentation for the proto-Elamite script
................................229
Idea diffusion and early culture contacts in the Fertile Crescent
...............232
Urbanism,
statehood and symbolic communication in the City of the
Gods:
Teotihuacán
(pre-Columbian Mesoamerica)
...................................240
8.
Ancient scripts and their principles of writing
......................................249
Intentionality as an arbiter of logographic and phonographic writing
.......251
Writing with and without language
............................................................255
The applied principle of nuclear writing
....................................................259
Combinatory techniques of writing principles and their manifestation
in historical scripts
.....................................................................................262
Name-writing in the Naxi script
...........................................................264
The working of an incipient rebus technique in the Naxi script
...........266
Archaic period (until about
2700
ВСЕ)
................................................269
Pitfalls and quandaries of decipherment: A methodology for
decoding an unknown sign system
.......................................................271
9.
The composition and systematic structuring of sign inventories
.........279
Cultural relativity as an arbiter in the composition of sign inventories
of ancient scripts
........................................................................................279
The multiple-choice composition of sign inventories
................................283
Groupings and enchainment of signs in sequences
....................................293
Non-practical domains of writing: Calligraphy and esthetic functions
of sign use
..................................................................................................295
10.
The cultural ecology of writing materials and writing techniques
......301
The choice of materials: Availability versus function
................................302
Culturally specific modes of selection of writing surfaces
........................304
Chronological sequences of materials for writing in the ancient
civilizations
..........................................·.....................................................306
Writing instruments
...................................................................................310
11.
The dissemination and proliferation of ancient scripts
.........................315
The spread of ancient scripts as technological innovations
........................315
Local traditions of cuneiform
.....................................................................316
Local traditions of Chinese characters
.......................................................318
Early Chinese-inspired writing in Korea and the shift to a local
script
.....................................................................................................320
The adaptation of Chinese writing and the emergence of local script
varieties in Japan .
.................................................................................326
The tradition of Chinese writing in Vietnam and the shift to the Latin
alphabet
.................................................................................................335
Epilogue: First writing and the differential fabric of ancient civilizations
341
Bibliography
....................................................................................................343
Figures
.............................................................................................................369
Maps
.................................................................................................................373
Writing is unanimously regarded as a marker of civilization in the sense of
civilization as high culture . This insight has never been seriously questioned.
What makes writing a marker of civilization is more than its mere function as an
information technology? Those who possess writing have always been aware
that, beyond the practical use of rendering ideas and words in the written
code, it constitutes the realm of symbolic values that make writing an ingredi¬
ent of cultural ecology. In order to perceive the magnitude of the art of writing
as a communicational tool designed by the inventive mind, it is necessary to
shed light on the cultural conditions in human communities that further the
motivation of early writing. The present outline therefore does not only focus
on a formal description of the ancient scripts as an information technology
but also on the evolution of human symbol-making and on an inspection of
the
sociocultural
conditions which made the elaboration of a system of visual
communication
-
of first writing
-
possible.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Haarmann, Harald 1946- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)122478452 |
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| spelling | Haarmann, Harald 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)122478452 aut Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history Harald Haarmann Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] Lang 2011 373 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Duisburger Arbeiten zur Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft 82 Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Schrift (DE-588)4053297-5 gnd rswk-swf Kulturökologie (DE-588)4588310-5 gnd rswk-swf Schrift (DE-588)4053297-5 s Kulturökologie (DE-588)4588310-5 s Geschichte z DE-604 Duisburger Arbeiten zur Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft 82 (DE-604)BV002240029 82 Digitalisierung UB Augsburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024355062&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024355062&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Haarmann, Harald 1946- Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history Duisburger Arbeiten zur Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft Schrift (DE-588)4053297-5 gnd Kulturökologie (DE-588)4588310-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4053297-5 (DE-588)4588310-5 |
| title | Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history |
| title_auth | Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history |
| title_exact_search | Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history |
| title_full | Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history Harald Haarmann |
| title_fullStr | Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history Harald Haarmann |
| title_full_unstemmed | Writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history Harald Haarmann |
| title_short | Writing as technology and cultural ecology |
| title_sort | writing as technology and cultural ecology explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history |
| title_sub | explorations of the human mind at the dawn of history |
| topic | Schrift (DE-588)4053297-5 gnd Kulturökologie (DE-588)4588310-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Schrift Kulturökologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024355062&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024355062&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV002240029 |
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