Geochemistry: an introduction
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English French |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2011
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed., reprinted with corr. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XIII, 342 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780521880794 9780521706933 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Geochemistry |b an introduction |c Francis Albarède |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804147992195760128 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
to the second edition page
ix
Foreword to the first English edition
x
Foreword to the French edition
xii
Acknowledgments
xiv
Introduction
1
1
The properties of elements
5
I
.
I The periodic table
7
1.
2
Chemical bonding II
1.3 States of matter and the atomic environment of elements
15
1.4
Geochemical classifications
17
1.5
The different reservoirs and their compositions
19
1.6
The nucleus and radioactivity
20
Exercises
22
2
Mass conservation and elemental fractionation
25
2.1
Conservation of mass
26
2.2
Elemental fractionation
31
2.3
Films and interfaces
36
2.4
Distillation processes
37
Exercises
41
References
44
3
Fractionation of stable isotopes
45
46
56
59
60
64
66
67
68
68
70
3.1
Principles of stable isotope fractionation
3.2
Delta notation and stuff
3.3
Hydrogen
3.4
Oxygen
3.5
Carbon
3.6
Sulfur
3.7
Nitrogen
3.8
Other elements
Exercises
References
vi
Contents
4
Geochronology
and radiogenic tracers
71
4.1
Dating by radioactive nuclides
78
4.1.1
Carbon-
14
78
4.1.2
Beryllium-10
79
4.1.3
The thorium-230 excess method
81
4.2
Systems with high parent/daughter ratios
83
4.2.1
The potassium-argon method
83
4.2.2
Dating zircons by the uranium-lead method
84
4.3
The
isochron
method
86
4.4
Radiogenic tracers
90
4.5
Helium isotopes
93
Exercises
94
References
99
5
Element transport
101
5.1
Advection
102
5.2
Diffusion
103
5.2.1
Closure temperature: chronometers, thermometers,
and barometers
106
5.2.2
Other applications
110
5.3
Chromatography
110
5.4
Reaction rates
113
5.5
Adsorption
115
Exercises
116
References
118
6
Geochemical systems
120
6.1
Single-reservoir dynamics
120
6.2
Interaction of multiple reservoirs and geochemical cycles
127
6.3
Mixing and stirring
131
Exercises
134
References
137
7
The chemistry of natural waters
138
7.1
Basic concepts
138
7.2
Dominance diagrams
141
7.3
Speciation in solutions
143
7.4
Water-solid reactions
144
7.5
Electrolyte chemistry
146
7.6
Biological activity
147
7.7
The carbonate system
148
7.8
Precipitation, rivers, weathering, and erosion
152
7.9
Elements of marine chemistry
156
vii
Contents
Exercises
163
References
167
8
Biogeochemistry
168
8.1
The geological
record
168
8.2
Some specifics of biological activity
170
8.3
The chemistry of life
172
8.4 Biominerals 176
8.5
Biological controls on the ocean-atmosphere system
177
8.6
Diagenetic transformation of organic material
178
8.7
Biomarkers
181
8.8
Metals in organic matter
182
References 1
83
9
Environments
184
9.
1 Phanerozoic climates 1
85
9.1.
1 Quaternary climates
186
9.1.2
Mesozoic and Cenozoic climatic trends
187
9.1.3
Biogeochemical catastrophes in the Phanerozoic
191
9.2
The rise of atmospheric oxygen
193
9.2.1
The
2.1
Ga crisis
193
9.2.2
The Snowball Earth and the emergence of Metazoans
196
9.3
The geochemical environment of the origin of life
198
Exercises
200
References
201
10
Mineral reactions
202
I O.I Early diagenesis
204
1
0.2 Hydrothermal
reactions
205
1
0.3
Metamorphism 2II
1
0.4
Water/rock ratios
214
Exercises
215
Reference
217
11
The solid Earth
218
11
.
1 The geochemical variability of magmas
22
1
11.1.1
Melting of the mantle and crust
221
11.1.2
Differentiation of
magmatic
series
225
11.2
Magmatism of the different tectonic sites
229
1
1.3
Mantle convection
237
11.4
The growth of continental crust
241
References
246
viii Contents
12
The Earth in the
Solar System
248
249
255
258
26
1
265
272
276
278
279
283
287
13
The element
barn
288
288
290
291
292
293
294
295
298
299
300
302
Appendix A Composition of the major geological units
303
Appendix
В
The mixing equation for ratios
306
Appendix
С
A refresher on thermodynamics
308
Appendix
D
The geological time scale
315
Appendix
E
An overview of analytical methods
316
Appendix
F
Physical and geophysical constants
322
Appendix
G
Some equations relative to residence time
323
Appendix
H
The adiabatic atmosphere
325
Further reading
327
Index
330
12.1
The formation of elements
12.2
The formation of the Solar System
12.3
Condensation of planetary material
12.4
The composition of the Earth and its core
and the origin of seawater
12.5
The early Solar System
12.6
The Moon
12.7
Mars
12.8
Venus
12.9
Planetary atmospheres
Exercises
References
The element barn
13.1
Silicon
13.2
Aluminum
13.3
Potassium
13.4
Sodium
13.5
Magnesium
13.6
Calcium
13.7
Iron
13.8
Sulfur
13.9
Phosphorus
13.10
Carbon
References
Geochemistry
An Introduction
Introducing the essentials of modern geochemistry for students across the Earth and
environmental sciences, this new edition emphasizes the general principles of this central
discipline. Focusing on inorganic chemistry, Francis
Albarède s
refreshing approach is
brought to topics that range from measuring geological time to the understanding of climate
change. The author leads the reader through the quantitative aspects of the subject in a
manner that is easy to understand.
The early chapters cover the principles and methods of physics and chemistry that
underlie geochemistry, to build the students understanding of concepts such as isotopes,
fractionation. and mixing. These are then applied across many of the environments on
Earth, including the solid Earth, rivers, and climate, and then extended to processes on
other planets.
Three new chapters have been added
-
on stable isotopes, biogeochemistry, and
environmental geochemistry. Student exercises are now included at the end of each chapter,
with solutions available online.
Francis
Albarede
is Professor of Geochemistry at the
Ecole Normale Supérieure de
Lyon
and a member of the
Institut
Universitaire de
France. He had held visiting professorships
at universities in the USA, Australia, and Japan. He has been President of the European
Association of Geochemistry. Chief Editor of Earth and
Planetar}-
Science Letters, and
the Journal of Geophysical Research. He has received numerous awards, including the
Norman Bowen Award of the American Geophysical Union, the Arthur Holmes Medal
of the European Union of Geosciences. and the
Goldschmidt
Award of the Geochemical
Society. He is also author of Introduction to Geochemical Modeling (Cambridge University
Press.
1995).
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T00:00:03Z |
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| isbn | 9780521880794 9780521706933 |
| language | English French |
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| spelling | Albarède, Francis Verfasser aut Géochimie Geochemistry an introduction Francis Albarède 2. ed., reprinted with corr. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2011 XIII, 342 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geochemistry Geochemie (DE-588)4020198-3 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Geochemie (DE-588)4020198-3 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024167133&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024167133&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Albarède, Francis Geochemistry an introduction Geochemistry Geochemie (DE-588)4020198-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4020198-3 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Geochemistry an introduction |
| title_alt | Géochimie |
| title_auth | Geochemistry an introduction |
| title_exact_search | Geochemistry an introduction |
| title_full | Geochemistry an introduction Francis Albarède |
| title_fullStr | Geochemistry an introduction Francis Albarède |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geochemistry an introduction Francis Albarède |
| title_short | Geochemistry |
| title_sort | geochemistry an introduction |
| title_sub | an introduction |
| topic | Geochemistry Geochemie (DE-588)4020198-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geochemistry Geochemie Einführung |
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