Modern flight dynamics:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY
McGraw-Hill
2012
|
Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references |
Beschreibung: | XXXVIII, 872 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 9780073398112 007339811X |
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020 | |a 9780073398112 |c alk. paper |9 978-0-07-339811-2 | ||
020 | |a 007339811X |c alk. paper |9 0-07-339811-X | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)743002411 | ||
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100 | 1 | |a Schmidt, David K. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Modern flight dynamics |c David K. Schmidt |
250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
264 | 1 | |a New York, NY |b McGraw-Hill |c 2012 | |
300 | |a XXXVIII, 872 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
500 | |a Includes bibliographical references | ||
650 | 4 | |a Aerodynamics | |
650 | 4 | |a Flight engineering | |
650 | 4 | |a Flight control | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Flugmechanik |0 (DE-588)4154760-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Flugmechanik |0 (DE-588)4154760-3 |D s |
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999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024137359 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804147948449169408 |
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adam_text | BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Nomenclature xxi
1 Introduction and Topical Review 1
2 Equations of Motion of the Rigid Vehicle 25
3 Structural Vibrations—A “Just-In-Time Tutorial” 83
4 Equations of Motion for Elastic Vehicles 128
5 Basic Aerodynamics of Lifting Surfaces 156
6 Modeling the Forces and Moments on the Vehicle 219
7 Effects of Elastic Deformation on the Forces and Moments 323
8 Math Model Assembly and Flight Simulation 394
9 Analysis of Steady and Quasi-Steady Flight 480
10 Linear Flight-Dynamic Analysis 548
11 Feedback Stability Augmentation 631
12 Automatic Guidance and Control—Autopilots 686
13 Control Characteristics of the Human Pilot 789
Appendices
A Properties of the Atmosphere 809
B Data for Several Aircraft 814
C Models of Atmospheric Turbulence 839
D Cramer’s Rule for Solving Simultaneous Equations 852
Index 854
vi
CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Nomenclature xxi
Chapter 1
Introduction and Topical Review 1
1 1 Small Perturbation Theory for
Nonlinear Systems 1
1 2 Coordinate Systems 2
1 3 Vectors, Coordinate Transformations,
and Direction-Cosine Matrices 4
1 4 Vector Differentiation 10
1 5 Newton’s Second Law 14
1 6 Small Perturbation Analysis Revisited 18
1 7 Summary 21
1 8 Problems 22
References 24
Chapter 2
Equations of Motion of the Rigid Vehicle 25
2 1 Vector Equations of Motion—
Flat Earth 25
2 2 Scalar Equations of Motion—
Flat Earth 33
2 3 Reference and Perturbation
Equations—Flat Earth 42
2 4 Effects of Rotating Masses 48
2 5 Effects of Variable Mass 58
2 6 Effects of a Spherical, Rotating Earth 65
2 7 Point-Mass Performance Equations 76
2 8 Summary 80
2 9 Problems 81
References 82
Chapter 3
Structural Vibrations—A “Just-In-Time
Tutorial” 83
3 1 Lumped-Mass Idealizations
and Lagrange’s Equation 83
3 2 Modal Analysis 86
3 3 Orthogonality of the Vibration Modes 89
3 4 Rigid-Body Degrees of Freedom 91
3 5 Reference Axes and Relative Motion 98
3 6 Modal Analysis of the Generalized
Eigensolution 102
3 7 Multi-Directional Motion 107
3 8 Preferred Derivation of Equations
of Motion 117
3 9 Forced Motion and Virtual Work 119
3 10 Forced Motion of the Unrestrained
Beam Model 122
3 11 Summary 125
3 12 Problems 126
References 127
Chapter 4
Equations of Motion for Elastic Vehicles 128
4 1 Lagrange’s Equation—Kinetic and
Potential Energies 129
4 2 Vehicle-Fixed Frame—The Mean
Axes 131
4 3 Modal Expansion Using Free-Vibration
Modes 134
Contents
viii
4 4 Selection of the Generalized
Coordinates 136
4 5 Equations of Motion Governing
Rigid-Body Translation 138
4 6 Equations of Motion Governing
Rigid-Body Rotation 142
4 7 Equations of Motion Governing
Elastic Deformation 146
4 8 Motion of a Particular Point on the
Elastic Vehicle 150
4 9 Reference and Perturbation Equation
Sets for Perturbation Analysis 153
4 10 Summary 154
4 11 Problems 154
References 155
Chapter 5
Basic Aerodynamics of Lifting
Surfaces 156
5 1 Subsonic Airfoil Section
Characteristics 157
511 Section Lift and Drag 160
512 Section Pitching Moment 161
513 Section Data 163
5 2 Effects of Flaps on Subsonic Airfoil
Section Characteristics 168
5 3 Wing Planform Characteristics 174
531 Wing Lift 177
532 Wing Zero-Lift Angle of Attack 178
533 Wing Pitching Moment and
Aerodynamic Center 183
534 Wing Rolling Moment 189
535 Wing Drag 197
5 4 Effects of Flaps on Wing Aerodynamic
Characteristics 203
541 Flaps and Control Surfaces 203
542 Ailerons 206
5 5 Downwash 214
5 6 Summary 218
5 7 Problems 218
References 218
Chapter 6
Modeling the Forces and Moments
on the Vehicle 219
6 1 Taylor-Series Expansion of Aerodynamic
Forces and Moments 221
6 2 Aerodynamic Forces and Moments
Acting on the Vehicle 226
621 Vehicle Lift 227
622 Vehicle Side Force 231
623 Vehicle Drag 232
624 Vehicle Rolling Moment 234
625 Vehicle Pitching Moment 237
626 Vehicle Yawing Moment 245
6 3 Propulsive Forces and Moments Acting
on the Vehicle 249
6 4 Fuselage-Reference and Stability
Axes 254
6 5 Aerodynamic and Propulsive Forces and
Moments at the Reference Condition 255
6 6 Forces and Moments Due to Translational
Velocity Perturbations 258
661 Surge-Velocity Perturbation u 262
662 Plunge-Velocity Perturbation w 272
663 Sideslip-Velocity Perturbation v 279
6 7 Forces and Moments Due to Angular-
Velocity Perturbations 284
671 Pitch-Rate Perturbation q 285
672 Roll-Rate Perturbation p 292
673 Yaw-Rate Perturbation r 297
674 Perturbation in Rate of Change of
Angle of Attack a 302
6 8 Effects of Atmospheric Turbulence
on the Forces and Moments 307
6 9 Dimensional Versus Nondimensional
Derivatives 311
6 10 Integration of Forces and Moments
into the Equations of Motion 315
6 10 1 Integration into the Nonlinear
Equations of Motion 315
6 10 2 Integration into the Linearized
Equations of Motion 316
Contents
ix
6 11 Summary 320
6 12 Problems 320
References 322
Chapter 7
Effects of Elastic Deformation on the
Forces and Moments 323
71A Motivational Aeroelastic
Example 324
7 2 Elastic Deformation Revisited 328
7 3 Elastic Effects on Lift 330
731 Effects of Modal Displacement 333
732 Effects of Modal Velocity 337
7 4 Elastic Effects on Side Force 342
741 Effects of Modal Displacement 343
742 Effects of Modal Velocity 345
7 5 Elastic Effects on Pitching
Moment 346
751 Effects of Modal Displacement 347
752 Effects of Modal Velocity 349
7 6 Elastic Effects on Rolling Moment 351
761 Effects of Modal Displacement 353
762 Effects of Modal Velocity 355
7 7 Elastic Effects on Yawing Moment 358
771 Effects of Modal Displacement 359
772 Effects of Modal Velocity 360
7 8 Generalized Forces Acting on the
Elastic Degrees of Freedom 361
7 9 Elastic Effects on the Forces and
Moments for a Large High-Speed
Aircraft—A Case Study 371
7 10 Integrating Elastic Effects into the
Equations of Motion 375
7 10 1 Integrating into the Nonlinear
Equations 376
7 10 2 Integrating into the Linearized
Equations 378
7 11 Static-Elastic Effects on a Vehicle’s
Aerodynamics 384
7 11 1 Static-Elastic Deformations 384
7 11 2 Effects on the Aerodynamics 387
7 12 Summary 392
7 13 Problems 393
References 393
Chapter 8
Math Model Assembly and Flight
Simulation 394
8 1 Linear Model Assembly and
Simulation 395
811 Linear Equations of Motion 395
812 Linear Models of the Forces
and Moments 400
813 Decoupling the Equations of Motion
in Level Flight 405
814 Decoupled Models in State-Variable
Format 407
815 Linear Models for Flexible Vehicles 412
816 Adding Feedback Control Laws to a
Simulation Model 420
817 Adding Atmospheric Turbulence to a
Simulation Model 425
818 Numerical Simulation Methods for
Linear Models—A JITT 428
819 Linear-Simulation Examples 432
8 2 Nonlinear Model Assembly and
Simulation 445
821 Nonlinear Equations of Motion 445
822 Models for the Aerodynamic and
Propulsive Forces and Moments 447
823 Assembling the Nonlinear
Mathematical Model 449
824 Models for Flexible Vehicles 451
825 Adding Feedback Control Laws
to a Simulation Model 455
826 Adding Atmospheric Turbulence
to a Simulation Model 456
827 Numerical Simulation Techniques—
A JITT 456
828 Examples of Nonlinear
Simulations 465
8 3 Summary 478
8 4 Problems 478
References 479
X
Contents
Chapter 9
Analysis of Steady and Quasi-Steady
Flight 480
9 1 Equilibrium Reference Conditions 481
9 2 Concept of Aerodynamic Static
Stability—and Criteria 485
921 Longitudinal Static Stability 488
922 Lateral-Directional Static Stability 496
9 3 Analysis of Steady Rectilinear Flight 500
931 Longitudinal Trim Analysis 501
932 Control Forces 514
933 Engine-Out Effects 518
9 4 Analysis of Steady Turning Flight 524
941 Kinematic Analysis of the Turn 524
942 Lateral-Directional Trim Analysis 527
943 Longitudinal Trim Analysis 528
944 Control Forces and Gradients 532
9 5 Analysis of Quasi-Steady Pull-Up
Maneuvers 538
951 Kinematic Analysis of the Pull-Up
Maneuver 538
952 Longitudinal Trim Analysis 540
953 Control Forces and Gradients 542
9 6 Summary 544
9 7 Problems 545
References 547
Chapter 10
Linear Flight-Dynamics Analysis 548
10 1 Linear Systems Analysis—A JITT 548
10 1 1 State-Variable Descriptions
and Modal Analysis 549
10 1 2 Transfer Functions, Bode Plots,
and Residues 553
10 1 3 Polynomial-Matrix System
Descriptions 557
10 2 Linear Flight-Dynamics Perturbation
Equations 562
10 3 Decoupled Longitudinal and Lateral-
Directional Linear Models 565
10 4 Longitudinal Transfer Functions
and Modal Analysis 572
10 5 Approximate Models for Aircraft
Longitudinal Dynamics 584
10 5 1 The Short-Period Approximation 585
10 5 2 The Phugoid Approximation 589
10 6 Lateral-Directional Transfer Functions
and Modal Analysis 597
10 7 Approximate Models for Aircraft
Lateral-Directional Dynamics 604
10 7 1 The Roll-Mode Approximation 604
10 7 2 The Dutch-Roll Approximation 605
10 7 3 The Spiral Approximation 608
10 8 Configuration Design to Achieve
Desirable Dynamic Characteristics 611
10 8 1 Effects of Static Margin and
Tail Size on the Longitudinal
Eigenvalues 611
10 8 2 Improving Spiral and Dutch-Roll
Stability 615
10 9 Cross-Axis Coupling 616
10 10 On the Flight Dynamics of Flexible
Vehicles 621
10 11 Summary 627
10 12 Problems 628
References 629
Chapter 11
Feedback Stability Augmentation 631
11 1 Block Diagrams, Feedback, and
Root-Locus Plots—A JITT 632
11 2 On Multi-Input/Multi-Output Systems
and Coupling Numerators 639
11 3 Augmenting the Longitudinal
Dynamics 645
11 3 1 Increasing Short-Period Damping 647
11 3 2 Increasing Short-Period Frequency 655
11 3 3 Stabilizing an Unstable Short-Period
Mode 661
11 3 4 Stabilizing an Unstable Phugoid
Mode 664
Contents
xi
11 4 Lateral-Directional Stability
Augmentation 667
11 4 1 Increasing Dutch-Roll Damping 669
11 4 2 Reducing Aileron Excitation of the
Dutch-Roll 675
11 4 3 Increasing Yaw-Damper
Effectiveness 678
11 4 4 Reducing the Roll-Mode Time
Constant 681
11 5 Comments on Elastic Effects 682
11 6 Summary 683
11 7 Problems 684
References 685
Chapter 12
Automatic Guidance and Control—
Autopilots 686
12 1 Feedback Control-Law Synthesis
Via Loop Shaping—A JITT 687
12 1 1 Bode Plots Revisited 687
12 1 2 Nyquist Stability Theory 689
12 1 3 The Loop-Shaping Technique 696
12 2 Inner and Outer Loops, and Frequency
Separation 703
12 3 The Flight-Dynamics Frequency Spectra 706
12 4 Attitude Control 708
12 4 1 Pitch-Attitude Control 709
12 4 2 Other Pitch-Attitude-Control
Approaches 721
12 4 3 Bank-Angle Control 724
12 4 4 Turn Coordination and Turn
Compensation 735
12 5 Response Holds 737
12 5 1 Speed (Mach) Hold 737
12 5 2 Altitude Hold 742
12 5 3 Heading Hold 749
12 6 Path Guidance—ILS Couplers
and VOR Homing 753
12 6 1 Longitudinal Path Guidance 754
12 6 2 Lateral-Directional Path
Guidance 765
12 7 Elastic Effects and Structural-
Mode Control 111
12 8 Summary 786
12 9 Problems 787
References 787
Chapter 13
Control Characteristics of the
Human Pilot 789
13 1 Background 789
13 2 The Crossover Model 790
13 3 Flight-Dynamics Implications
of the Human Pilot’s Control
Characteristics 798
13 4 Summary 807
13 5 Problems 807
References 808
Appendix A Properties of the
Atmosphere 809
Appendix B Data for Several Aircraft 814
Appendix C Models of Atmospheric
Turbulence 839
Appendix D Cramer’s Rule for Solving
Simultaneous Equations 852
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Schmidt, David K. |
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dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
discipline | Verkehr / Transport |
edition | 1. ed. |
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id | DE-604.BV039118742 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T23:59:21Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780073398112 007339811X |
language | English |
lccn | 2010043961 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024137359 |
oclc_num | 743002411 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-1050 DE-83 |
owner_facet | DE-1050 DE-83 |
physical | XXXVIII, 872 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
publishDate | 2012 |
publishDateSearch | 2012 |
publishDateSort | 2012 |
publisher | McGraw-Hill |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Schmidt, David K. Verfasser aut Modern flight dynamics David K. Schmidt 1. ed. New York, NY McGraw-Hill 2012 XXXVIII, 872 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references Aerodynamics Flight engineering Flight control Flugmechanik (DE-588)4154760-3 gnd rswk-swf Flugmechanik (DE-588)4154760-3 s DE-604 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024137359&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Schmidt, David K. Modern flight dynamics Aerodynamics Flight engineering Flight control Flugmechanik (DE-588)4154760-3 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4154760-3 |
title | Modern flight dynamics |
title_auth | Modern flight dynamics |
title_exact_search | Modern flight dynamics |
title_full | Modern flight dynamics David K. Schmidt |
title_fullStr | Modern flight dynamics David K. Schmidt |
title_full_unstemmed | Modern flight dynamics David K. Schmidt |
title_short | Modern flight dynamics |
title_sort | modern flight dynamics |
topic | Aerodynamics Flight engineering Flight control Flugmechanik (DE-588)4154760-3 gnd |
topic_facet | Aerodynamics Flight engineering Flight control Flugmechanik |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024137359&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT schmidtdavidk modernflightdynamics |