The heritage of world civilizations:
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
---|---|
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Upper Saddle River, N.J.
Pearson Prentice Hall
2011
|
Ausgabe: | 9. ed., combined vol. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XXXI, 1056 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
ISBN: | 9780205803507 |
Internformat
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264 | 1 | |a Upper Saddle River, N.J. |b Pearson Prentice Hall |c 2011 | |
300 | |a XXXI, 1056 S. |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804145812229324800 |
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adam_text | Brief
Contents
Part
1
Human Origins and Early Civilizations
to
500
b.c.e.
1
The Birth of Civilization
1
2
Four Great Revolutions in Thought
and Religion
40
Part
2
Empires and Cultures of the Ancient World,
1000
B.C.E. to
500
C.E.
3
Greek and Hellenistic Civilization
74
4
West Asia, Inner Asia, and South Asia
to
1000
C.E.
115
5
Africa: Early History to
1000
C.E.
148
6
Republican and Imperial Rome
175
7
China s First Empire,
221
B.C.E.-589 C.E.
212
Part3
Consolidation and Interaction of World
Civilizations,
500
C.E. to
1500
C.E.
8
Imperial China,
589-1368 232
9
Early Japanese History
260
1
U
The Formation of Islamic Civilization,
622-1000 290
1 1
The Byzantine Empire and Western Europe
to
1000 313
12
The Islamic World,
1000-1500 345
1 3
Ancient Civilizations of the Americas
369
14
Africa, ca.
1000-1700 401
1 5
Europe to the Early 1500s: Revival, Decline,
and Renaissance
424
Part
4
The World in Transition,
1500
to
1850
1 7
Conquest and Exploitation: The Development
of the Transatlantic Economy
496
1
σ
East Asia in the Late Traditional Era
529
1 9
State Building and Society in Early Modern
Europe
575
20
The Last Great Islamic Empires,
1500-1800 612
Part
5
Enlightenment and Revolution in the Atlantic
World,
1700-1850
2 1
The Age of European Enlightenment
637
22
Revolutions in the Transatlantic World
667
23
Political Consolidation in Nineteenth-Century
Europe and North America
699
Part
6
Into the Modern World,
1815-1949
16
Europe
1500—1650:
Expansion, Reformation,
and Religious Wars
460
24
Northern Transatlantic Economy and Society,
1815-1914 731
2 5
Latin America from Independence
to the
1940s 766
26
India, the Islamic Heartlands, and Africa,
1800-1945 792
27
Modern East Asia
824
Part
7
Global Conflict and Change, 1900-Present
28
Imperialism and World War I
863
29
Depression, European Dictators,
and the American New Deal
895
30
World War II
923
3 1
The West Since World War II
951
32
East Asia: The Recent Decades
989
33
Postcolonialism and Beyond: Latin America,
Africa, Asia, and the Middle East
1019
Contents
Documents
xix
Maps
xxi
Preface
xxiii
Part
1
Human Origins and Early Civilizations
to
500
B.c.E.
CHAPTER
1
The Birth of Civilization
1
Early Humans and Their Culture
2
The Paleolithic Age
2
Global Perspective: Civilizations
2
The Neolithic Age
3
The Bronze Age and the Birth of Civilization
7
Early Civilizations in the Middle East
to About
1000
B.C.E.
8
Mesopotamian Civilization
8
A Closer Look: Babylonian World Map
13
Egyptian Civilization
14
Ancient Near Eastern Empires
20
The
Hittites
21
The Kassites
21
The Mitannians
21
The Assyrians
21
The Second Assyrian Empire
22
The Neo-Bahylonians
23
Early Indian Civilization
23
The Indus Civilization
23
The
Vedic
Aryan Civilization
26
Early Chinese Civilization
30
Neolithic Origins in the Yellow River Valley
30
Early Bronze Age: The Shang
31
Eate Bronze Age: The Western Zhou
32
Iron Age: The Eastern Zhou
32
The Rise of Civilization in the Americas
35
Summary
37
Key Terms
38
Review Questions
38
CHAPTER
2
Four Great Revolutions in Thought
and Religion
40
Comparing the Four Great Revolutions
41
Philosophy in China
41
Global Perspective: Philosophy and Religion
42
Confucianism
43
Daoism
46
Legalism
49
Religion in India
49
Hindu and Indian
49
Historical Background
49
The Upanishadic Worldview
50
Mahavira and the Jain Tradition
52
The Buddha s Middle Path
54
A Closer Look: Statue of Siddhartha Gotama
as Fasting Ascetic
(2nd
Century C.E.)
55
The Religion of the Israelites
56
From Hebrew Nomads to the Israelite Nation
5 7
The Monotheistic Revolution
58
Greek Philosophy
61
Reason and the Scientific Spirit
63
Political and Moral Philosophy
65
Summary
70
Key Terms
70
Review Questions
71
Reiigions of the World: Judaism
72
Part
2
Empires and Cultures of the Ancient World,
1000
B.C.E. to
500
C.E.
CHAPTER
3
Greek and Hellenistic Civilization
74
The Bronze Age on Crete and on the Mainland to
ca.
1150
B.C.E.
75
The Minoans
7 5
The Mycenaeans
76
Global Perspective: The Achievement of Greek
and Hellenistic Civilization
76
Greek Middle Age to ca.
750
B.C.E.
77
VI
Contents
VII
The Age
oj I¡oiiicr
/H
The
Polis
80
Development of the
Pulís
80
The
Hoplite
Phalanx 81
Expansion of the Greek World
82
(¡reek Colonies
82
The Tyrants tea.
700-500
/i.e./:.
ι
82
Life in Archaic Greece
84
Society
84
Religion
85
Poetry
87
Major City-States
87
Sparta
87
Athens
89
The Persian Wars
91
ionian
Rehellion 9 1
I he War in (¡recce
92
A Closer Look: The Trireme
93
Classical Greece
94
1
he
Deliem
League
94
The hirst Peloponnesian War
94
I he Athenian
Empire 96
Athenian Democracy
96
Women oj Athens
97
The Great Peloponnesian War
98
Struggle for Greek Leadership
100
Fifth Century B.C.l·:.
102
ronit/i
Century B.c.E.
104
Emergence of the Hellenistic World
104
Macedonian Conquest
104
Alexander the Great and His Successors
1 05
Death of Alexander
108
Alexander s Successors
108
Hellenistic Culture
109
Literature
110
Architecture and Sculpture
1 1 1
Mathematics and Science
1 12
Summan
113
Key Terms
113
Review Questions
1 1 3
CHAPTER
4
West Asia, Inner Asia, and South Asia
to
1000
C.E.
115
Global Perspective: Indo-Iranian Roles
in the Eurasian World before Islam
116
West and Inner Asia
118
The Ancient Background
118
Tlie
Elamites
118
/
//e Inumili
Peoples
1
I
9
Ancient Iranian Religion
120
///roaster ami the /.oroustrian tradition
120
The first Persian Empire in the Iranian Plateau
(550-330
is.c.l
,.) 120
I he Achaeinenids
1 20
The Achaemenid Stale
112
I he Achaeinenid Iwonoiny
123
The Seleucid Successors to Alexander in the East
(ca.
312-63
b.c.i·.)
124
The Parthian Arsacid Empire
(ca.
247
u.c.i
.-223
c.i:.)
124
The Indo-Greeks, Sythians, and Kuslums
125
Sythians and Kushans I
26
The Sasanid Empire
(224-65 1
c.i·..)
126
Society ant! Economy
128
Religion
128
Later Sasanid Developments I
3
I
South Asia
то
1000
c.i·;.
131
The First Indian umpire: The Mauryas
(321-185 b.c.
ι;.)
131
Political Background
131
I he Muitr as I
3 1
The Consolidation ol Indian Civilization
(ca.
200
іі.с.С.-ЗООс.і;.)
134
A Closer Look: Lion Capital of Ashoka
at Sarnath
1 35
I he Economic
liase
I
36
High Culture
136
Religion and Society
1 36
The Golden Age of the Guptas (ca.
320-550
c.K.)
137
Gupta Rule
137
Gupta Culture
138
The Development of Classical Indian Civilization
(ca.
300-1000
C.I.)
138
Society
138
Religion
140
Summan
143
Key Terms
144
Review Questions
145
Religions of the World: Hinduism
146
CHAPTER
5
Africa: Early History to
1000
C.H.
148
Issues of Interpretation, Sources, and Disciplines
149
/
he Question of (Civilization
149
Source Issues
149
¡liston
and Disciplinary Boundaries
149
Physical Description of the Continent
150
VIII
Contents
Global
Perspective: Traditional Peoples
and
Nontraditional
Histories
150
African Peoples
154
Africa and Early Hitman Culture
1 54
Diffusion of Languages and Peoples 1
54
Race and Physiological Variation
155
The Sahara and the Sudan to the Beginning
of the Common Era
157
Early
Saharán
Cultures
157
Neolithic
Sudanie
Cultures
157
Пге
Early Iron Age and the
Nok
Culture
158
Nilotic Africa and the Ethiopian Highlands
158
Tlie
Kingdom of Kush
158
Tlie
Napatan Empire
1 59
The Meroitic Empire
159
Tlie
Akumite Empire
161
Isolation of Christian Ethiopia
163
The Western and Central Sudan
163
Agriculture, Trade, and the Rise of Urban Centers
163
Formation of
Sudanie
Kingdoms in the First
Millennium
165
Central, Southern, and East Africa
167
Bantu Expansion and Diffusion
167
A Closer Look: Four Rock Art Paintings from
Tassili n-Ajjer
(4000-2000
b.c.e.)
168
The Khoisan and
Twa
Peoples
170
East Africa
1 70
Summary
173
Key Terms
173
Review Questions
174
CHAPTER
6
Republican and Imperial Rome
175
Prehistoric Italy
176
The Etruscans
1 76
Royal Rome
176
Global Perspective: Republican
and Imperial Rome
176
Government
177
Family
177
Clientage
177
Patricians and Plebeians
178
The Republic
178
Constitution
178
Conquest of Italy
179
Rome and Carthage
179
A Closer Look: Lictors
180
The Republic s Conquest of the Hellenistic World
183
Civilization in the Early Roman Republic:
Greek Influence
183
Religion
183
Education
184
Roman Imperialism
185
Aftermath of Conquest
185
The Gracchi
186
Marins
and Sulla
187
War against the Italian Allies
(90-88
B.C.E.)
188
Sidla s Dictatorship
188
The Fall of the Republic
188
Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar
188
The First Triumvirate
188
The Dictatorship offulius Caesar
188
The Second Triumvirate and the Emergence of
Octavian
189
The Augustan
Principate
189
Administration
190
The Army and Defense
190
Religion and Morality
191
Civilization of the Ciceronian and Augustan Ages
191
The Late Republic
191
The Age of Augustus
192
Peace and Prosperity: Imperial Rome
(14—180
C.E.)
193
Administration of the Empire
195
Culture of the Early Empire
197
Life in Imperial Rome: The Apartment House
198
The Rise of Christianity
198
f
esus of Nazareth
199
Paul of Tarsus
199
Organization
200
Persecution of Christians
201
Emergence of Catholicism
201
Rome as a Center of the Early Church
202
The Crisis of the Third Century
202
Barbarian Invasions
202
Economic Difficulties
202
The Social Order
202
Civil Disorder
203
The Late Empire
203
The Fourth Century and Imperial Reorganization
203
Diocletian
203
Constantine
204
Triumph of Christianity
205
Arts and Letters in the Late Empire
207
Preservation of Classical Culture
207
Christian Writers
207
The Problem of the Decline and Fall of the Empire in
the West
208
Summary
208
Key Terms
210
Review Questions
210
Contents
IX
CHAPTER
7
China s First Empire,
221
B.C.E.-589 C.E.
212
Qin Unification of China
213
Global Perspective: China s First Empire
214
Former Han Dynasty
(206
B.C.E.-8 C.E.)
215
The Dynastic Cycle
215
Early Years of the Former Han Dynasty
215
HanWudi
216
The Xiongnu
216
A Closer Look: The
Terra-Cotta
Army of the First
Qin Emperor
217
Government during the Former Han
218
The Silk Road
220
Decline and Usurpation
221
Later Han
(25-220
C.E.) and Its Aftermath
222
First Century
222
Decline during the Second Century
222
Aftermath of Empire
222
Han Thought and Religion
224
Han Confucianism
224
History
225
Neo-Daoism
225
Buddhism
227
Summary
230
Key Terms
230
Review Questions
230
Part
3
Consolidation and Interaction of World
Civilizations,
500
C.E. to
1500
C.E.
CHAPTER
8
Imperial China,
589-1368 232
Reestablishment
of Empire:
Sui
(589-618)
and Tang
(618-907)
Dynasties
233
Tìie Sui
Dynasty
233
The Tang Dynasty
233
Global Perspective: Imperial China
234
A Closer Look: A Tang Painting
of the Goddess of Mercy
242
Transition to Late Imperial China: The Song Dynasty
(960-1279) 244
Agricultural Revolution of the Song: From Serfs to Free
Farmers
244
Commercial Revolution of the Song
245
Government: From Aristocracy to Autocracy
247
Song Culture
249
China in the Mongol World Empire: The Yuan Dynasty
(1279-1368) 252
R
і
se
of
t
he
M o ngo
Ι Ε ι ηρ
i re
252
Mongol Rule in China
253
Foreign Contacts and Chinese Culture
255
Last Years of the Yuan
258
Summary
258
Key Terms
258
Review Questions
259
CHAPTER
9
Early Japanese History
260
Japanese Origins
261
The
Jõmon,
Japan s Old Stone Age
261
The Yayoi Revolution
262
Global Perspective: East Asia
262
Tomb Culture, the Yamato State, and Korea
263
Religion in Early Japan
265
Nara
and Heian Japan
267
Court Government
267
People, Land, and Taxes
269
Rise of the Samurai
270
Aristocratic Culture and Buddhism
270
Chinese Tradition in Japan
271
The Birth of Japanese Literature
273
Nara
and Heian Buddhism
274
Japan s Early Feudal Age
276
The
Kamakura
Era
276
A Closer Look: The East Meets the East
278
The Question of Feudalism
279
The Ashikaga Era
280
Women in Warrior Society
281
Agriculture, Commerce, and Medieval Guilds
281
Buddhism and Medieval Culture
282
Japanese Pietism: Pure Land
and Nichiren Buddhism
282
Zen Buddhism
283
Nõ
Plays
285
Summary
285
Key Terms
286
Review Questions
286
Religions of the World: Buddhism
288
CHAPTER
10
The Formation of Islamic Civilization,
622-100 290
Origins and Early Development
291
The Setting
291
Muhammad and the Quran
292
Contents
Global
Perspective: The Early Islamic Worlds
of Arab and Persian Cultures
292
Women in Early Islamic Society
295
Early Islamic Conquests
297
Course of Conquest
297
Factors of Success
297
The New Islamic World Order
298
A Closer Look: The Dome of the Rock,
Jerusalem (Interior)
300
The Caliphate
301
The
Ulama
302
Vie Umma
303
The High Caliphate
306
The Abbasid State
306
Society
306
Decline
306
Islamic Culture in the Classical Era
307
Intellectual Traditions
308
Language and Literature
309
Art and Architecture
309
Summary
311
Key Terms
311
Review Questions
311
CHAPTER
1 1
The Byzantine Empire and Western
Europe to
1000 313
The End of the Western Roman Empire
314
Global Perspective: The Early Middle Ages
314
The Byzantine Empire
316
The Reign of Justinian
317
The Impact of Islam on East and West
325
Byzantium s Contribution to Islamic Civilization
326
The Western Debt to Islam
326
The Developing Roman Church
327
Monastic Culture
328
The Doctrine of Papal Primacy
329
Division of Christendom
330
The Kingdom of the Franks
331
Merovingians and Carolingians:
Trom C
lovis
to
Charlemagne
331
Reign of Charlemagne
( 768-814) 332
A Closer Look: A Multicultural Book Cover
337
Breakup of the Carolingian Kingdom
338
Feudal Society
339
Origins
340
Vassalage ami the Fief
341
Fragmentation and Divided Loyalty
342
Summary
342
Key Terms
343
Review Questions
343
CHAPTER
12
The Islamic World,
1000-1500 345
The Islamic Heartlands
346
Religion and Society
346
Consolidation of a Sunni Orthopraxy
346
Global Perspective: The Expansion of Islamic
Civilization,
1000-1500 346
Sufi Piety and Organization
350
Consolidation of Shi
ite
Traditions
351
Regional Developments
351
Spain, North Africa, and the Western Mediterranean
Islamic World
351
Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean Islamic World
352
The Islamic East: Asia before the Mongol Conquests
355
Islamic Asia in the Mongol Age
356
A Closer Look: Al-Hariri, Assemblies
(Maqamat)
358
The Spread of Islam beyond the Heartlands
360
Islamic India and Southeast Asia
360
The Spread of Islam to South Asia
360
Muslim—Hindu Encounter
362
Islamic States and Dynasties
363
Southeast Asia
363
Religious and Cultural Accommodation
364
Hindu and Other Indian Traditions
366
Summary
366
Key Terms
367
Review Questions
367
CHAPTER
13
Ancient Civilizations of the Americas
369
Global Perspective: Ancient Civilizations
of the Americas
370
Problems in Reconstructing the History
of Native American Civilization
371
Mesoamerica
372
Mesoamerican Ball Games
373
The Formative Period and the Emergence
of Mesoamerican Civilization
374
The Olmec
375
The Valley of Oaxaca and the Rise of Monte
Alban
376
The Emergence of Writing and the Mesoamerican
Calendar
376
The Classic Period in Mesoamerica
376
Teotihuacán
377
Contents
XI
A
Closer Look: The Pyramid of the Sun
in
Teotíhuacán
378
The Maya
379
The Post-Classic Period
383
The Toltecs
384
The Aztecs
384
Andean South America
390
The Preceramic and the Initial Periods
391
Chavin
de Huantar
and the Early Horizon
392
The Early Intermediate Period
392
Nazca
392
Moche
393
The Middle Horizon through the Late
Intermediate Period
394
Thvanaku and Huari
394
The Chimu Empire
395
The
Inca
Empire
395
Summary
398
Key Terms
399
Review Questions
399
CHAPTER
14
Africa ca.
1000-1700 401
North Africa and Egypt
402
The Spread of Islam South of the Sahara
402
Global Perspective: Africa,
1000-1700 402
Sahelian Empires of the Western and Central Sudan
404
Ghana
404
Mali
405
Songhai
408
Kanem and Kanem-Bornu
410
The Eastern Sudan
412
The
Forestlands—
Coastal West and
Central Africa
412
West African Forest Kingdoms: The Example
of Benin
412
A Closer Look: Benin Bronze Plaque with Chief
and Two Attendants
413
European Arrivals on the Coastlands
414
Central Africa
415
East Africa
417
Swahili
Culture and Commerce
417
The Portuguese and the Omanis of Zanzibar
419
Southern Africa
419
Southeastern Africa: Great Zimbabwe
419
Tlie
Portuguese in Southeastern Africa
420
South Africa:
Tlie
Cape Colony
421
Summary
422
Key Terms
422
Review Questions
422
CHAPTER
15
Europe to the Early I 500s: Revival, Decline,
and Renaissance
424
Revival of Empire, Church, and Towns
425
Otto I and the Revival of the Empire
425
The Reviving Catholic Church
425
The Crusades
426
Global Perspective: The High Middle Ages
in Western Europe
426
A Closer Look: European Embrace
of a Black Saint
431
Towns and Townspeople
432
Society
436
The Order of Life
436
Medieval Women
439
Growth of National Monarchies
440
England and France: Hastings
( /066
j
io Boiivines
(1214) 440
France in the Thirteenth Century: Reign of Louis IX
441
The Hohenstaufen Empire
(11 52-1272) 442
Political and Social Breakdown
444
Hundred Years War
444
The Black Death
444
New Conflicts and Opportunities
447
Ecclesiastical Breakdown and Revival:
The Late Medieval Church
447
Boniface
VIII
and Philip the Fair
447
The Great Schism
(¡378—1417)
and the
Conciliar
Movement to
1449 448
The Renaissance in Italy
(1375-1527) 448
The Italian City-State: Social Conflict and Despotism
449
Humanism
449
Renaissance Art in and beyond Italy
45 1
Italy s Political Decline: The French invasions
(1494-1527) 452
Niccolo Machiavelli
453
Revival of Monarchy: Nation Building
in the Fifteenth Century
454
Medieval Russia
45 5
France
455
Spain
455
England
457
Summary
457
Key Terms
458
Review Questions
458
XII
Contents
Part
4
The World in Transition,
1 500
to
1850
CHAPTER
16
Europe,
1500—1650:
Expansion, Reformation,
and Religious Wars
460
The Discovery of a New World
461
The Portuguese Chart the Course
461
The Spanish Voyages of Christopher Columbus
462
Global Perspective: European Expansion
462
Impact on Europe and America
463
The Reformation
463
Religion and Society
465
Popular Movements and Criticism of the Church
465
Secular Control over Religious Life
466
The Northern Renaissance
466
Martin Luther and German Reformation to
1525 467
Zwingli and the Swiss Reformation
472
Anabaptists and Radical Protestants
472
John Calvin and the Genevan Reformation
472
Political Consolidation of the Lutheran Reformation
47 3
The English Reformation to IS
53 474
Catholic Reform and Counter-Reformation
475
The Reformation s Achievements
476
Religion in Fifteenth-Century Life
477
Religion in Sixteenth-Century Life
478
Family Life in Early Modern Europe
478
A Closer Look: A Contemporary Commentary
on the Sexes
479
The Wars of Religion
480
French Wars of Religion
(1562-1598) 481
Imperial Spain and the Reign of Philip II
(І556-І598)
483
England and Spain
(15 58-1603) 484
The Thirty Years War
(1618-1648) 485
Superstition and Enlightenment: The Battle Within
487
Witch Hunts and Panic
487
Writers and Philosophers
488
Summary
492
Key Terms
492
Review Questions
492
Religions of the World: Christianity
494
CHAPTER
17
Conquest and Exploitation: The Development
of the Transatlantic Economy
496
Periods of European Overseas Expansion
497
Mercantilist Theory of Economic Exploitation
498
Global Perspective: The Atlantic World
498
Establishment of the Spanish Empire in America
500
Conquest of the Aztecs and the
Incas
500
The Roman Catholic Church in Spanish America
501
Economies of Exploitation in the Spanish Empire
503
Varieties of Economic Activity
503
Commercial Regulation and the
Flota
System
505
Colonial Brazil
507
French and British Colonies in North America
509
The Columbian Exchange: Disease, Animals, and
Agriculture
510
Diseases Enter the Americas
511
Animals and Agriculture
513
Slavery in the Americas
515
The Background of Slavery
515
Establishment of Slavery
516
The Plantation Economy and Transatlantic Trade
517
Slaver)/ on the Plantations
517
Africa and the Transatlantic Slave Trade
518
Slavery and Slaving in Africa
519
The African Side of the Transatlantic Trade
520
The Extent of the Slave Trade
522
Consequences of the Slave Trade for Africa
522
A Closer Look: The Slave Ship Brookes
525
Summary
526
Key Terms
527
Review Questions
527
CHAPTER
18
East Asia in the Late Traditional Era
529
Global Perspective: East Asia in the Late
Traditional Era
530
Late Imperial China
531
Ming
(1368-1644)
and Qing
(1644-1911)
Dynasties
531
Land and People
531
Chinas Third Commercial Revolution
532
Political System
534
Ming—Qing Foreign Relations
540
Ming-Qing Culture
544
Japan
547
Warring States Era
(1467-1600) 547
War of All against All
547
Foot Soldier Revolution
547
Foreign Relations and Trade
549
Tokugawa Era
(1600-1868) 550
Political Engineering and Economic Growth during the
Seventeenth Century
550
Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth
Centimes 555
A Closer Look: Bridal Procession
558
Languages of East Asia
559
Tokugawa Culture
559
Korea and Vietnam
564
Korea
565
Contents
XIII
Early History
565
Choson Dynasty
567
Vietnam
569
Vietnam in Southeast Asia
569
Vietnamese Origins
569
A Millennium of Chinese
Pade:
1
I I B.C.E.-939
C.E. 570
An Independent Vietnam
571
The March South
571
Summary
573
Key Terms
573
Review Questions
573
CHAPTER
19
State Building and Society in Early Modern
Europe
575
European Political Consolidation
576
Two Models of European Political Development
576
Global Perspective: Early Modern Europe
576
Toward Parliamentary Government in England
577
The Glorious Revolution
578
Rise of Absolute Monarchy in France: The World
of Louis
XIV 580
Years of Personal Rule
581
A Closer Look: Versailles
582
Russia Enters the European Political Arena
583
Birth of the Romanov Dynasty
583
Peter the Great
583
The
Habsburg
Empire and the Pragmatic Sanction
586
The Rise of Prussia
587
European Warfare: From Continental to World
Conflict
588
The Wars of Louis
XIV 588
The Eighteenth-Century Colonial Arena
590
War of Jenkins s Ear
590
The War of the Austrian Succession
( 1740-1748) 590
The Seven Years War
(1756-1763) 591
The Old Regime
592
Hierarchy and Privilege
592
Aristocracy
592
The Land and Its Tillers
594
Peasants and Serfs
594
Family Structures and the Family Economy
595
The Family Economy
595
Women and the Family Economy
597
The Revolution in Agriculture
597
New Crops and New Methods
599
Population Expansion
600
The Eighteenth-Century Industrial Revolution: An Event
in World History
601
Industrial Leadership of Great Britain
602
European Cities
605
Patterns of Preindustrial Urbanization
605
Urban Classes
605
The Jewish Population: Age of the Ghetto
607
Summary
608
Key Terms
609
Review Questions
610
CHAPTER
20
The Last Great Islamic Empires,
1500-1800 612
The Ottoman Empire and the Eastern Mediterranean
World
614
Origins and Development of the Ottoman
State before
1600 614
Global Perspective: The Last Great
Islamic Empires
614
The Classical Ottoman Order
61 6
After Siileyman: Challenges and
( hange 618
The Decline of Ottoman Military and Political Power
62 1
The Safavid Empire and the West Asian World
622
Origins
622
Shah Abbas I
623
Safavid Decline
624
Culture and Learning
625
The Mughals
626
Origins
626
Akbar s Reign
626
The Last Great Mughals
626
Sikhs and
Marathas
627
Political Decline
627
A Closer Look: The Mughal Emperor Jahangir
Honoring a Muslim Saint over Kings
and Emperors
628
Religious Developments
629
Central Asia: Islamization in the Post-Timur Era
630
UzheL· and Chaghatays
630
Consequences of the Shi ite Rift
630
Power Shifts in the Southern Oceans
632
Southern-Oceans Trade
632
Control of the Southern Seas
632
The East Indies: Acheh
634
Summary
635
Key Terms
635
Review Questions
635
Part
5
Enlightenment and Revolution
in the Atlantic World,
1700-1850
CHAPTER
21
The Age of European Enlightenment
637
The Scientific Revolution
638
XIV
Contents
Global Perspective: The European
Enlightenment
638
Nicolaus
Copernicus Rejects an Earth-Centered
Universe
639
Tycho
Brahe
and Johannes Kepler
640
Galileo
Galilei
641
Firmeis
Bacon:
lhe
Empirical Method
642
Isaac Newton Discovers the Laws of Gravitation
643
Women in the World oj the Scientific Revolution
644
John Locke
645
The Enlightenment
646
Voltaire
647
The Encyclopedia
647
The Enlightenment and Religion
649
Deism
649
Toleration
650
Islam in Enlightenment Thought
651
The Enlightenment and Society
653
Montesquieu and the Spirit of the Laws
653
Adam Smith on Economic Growth and Social Progress
654
Rousseau
654
Enlightened Critics of European Empire
655
Women in the Thought and Practice of the
Enlightenment
657
Enlightened Absolutism
659
Joseph II of Austria
659
A Closer Look: An Eighteenth-Century Artist
Appeals to the Ancient World
661
Catherine the Great of Russia
662
The
Partition
of Poland
664
Summary
664
Key Terms
665
Review Questions
665
CHAPTER
22
Revolutions in the Transatlantic World
667
Revolution in the British Colonies in
North America
668
Resistance to the Imperial Search for Revenue
668
Global Perspective: The Transatlantic
Revolutions
668
American Political Ideas
669
Crisis and Independence
669
Revolution in France
672
Revolutions of
1 789 672
A Closer Look: Challenging the French
Political Order
674
Reconstruction of France
675
A Second Revolution
678
The Reign of Terror and its Aftermath
679
The Napoleonic Era
682
The Congress of Vienna and the European Settlement
686
Wars of Independence in Latin America
689
Eighteenth-Century Developments
689
Revolution in Haiti
689
First Movements towards Independence on the South
American Continent
690
Eighteenth-Century Developments in the Spanish
Empire
690
San Martin in
Rio de la
Plata
691
Simón
Bolivar s Liberation of Venezuela
691
Independence in New Spain
692
Brazilian Independence
693
Toward the Abolition of Slavery in the Transatlantic
Economy
693
Summary
696
Key Terms
697
Review Questions
697
CHAPTER
23
Political Consolidation in Nineteenth-Century
Europe and North America
699
The Emergence of Nationalism in Europe
700
Global Perspective: European and North American
Political Consolidation
700
Creating Nations
701
Meaning of Nationhood
701
Regions of Nationalistic Pressure in Europe
703
Early Nineteenth-Century Political Liberalism
704
Politics
704
Economics
704
Relationship of Nationalism and Liberalism
705
Liberalism and Nationalism in Modern
World History
705
Efforts to Liberalize Early Nineteenth-Century European
Political Structures
705
Russia: The Decembrist Revolt of
J
82 5
and the Autocracy
of Nicholas I
705
Revolution in France
(1830) 706
The Great Reform Bill in Britain
{1832
J
708
1848:
Year of Revolutions in Europe
709
Testing the New American Republic
711
Toward Sectional Conflict
711
The Abolitionist Movement
714
The Canadian Experience
717
Road to Self-Government
717
Keeping a Distinctive Culture
718
Midcentury Political Consolidation in Europe
718
The Crimean War
718
Italian Unification
718
Contents
XV
A Closer Look: The Crimean War Recalled
720
Genvan
Unification
722
The Franco-Prussian War and the German Empire
722
Unrest of Nationalities in Eastern Europe
723
Racial Theory and Anti-Semitism
725
Anti-Semitism and the Birth of Zionism
726
Summary
728
Key Terms
729
Review Questions
729
Part
6
Into the Modern World,
181 5-1949
CHAPTER
24
Northern Transatlantic Economy and Society,
1815-1914 731
Global Perspective: The Building of Northern
Transatlantic Supremacy
732
European Factory Workers and Urban Artisans
733
Nineteenth-Century European Women
735
Women in the Early industrial Revolution
735
Social Disabilities Confronted by All Women
736
New Employment Patterns for Women
738
Late Nineteenth-Century Working-Class Women
739
The Rise of Political Feminism
740
Jewish Emancipation
742
Early Steps to Equal Citizenship
742
Broadened Opportunities
742
European Labor, Socialism, and Politics to World
War I
743
The Working Classes in the Late
Nineteenth Century
743
Marxist Critique of the Industrial Order
744
Germany: Social Democrats and Revisionism
745
Great Britain: The Labour Party and Fabianism
747
Russia: Industrial Development and the Birth
of Bolshevism
748
A Closer Look: Bloody Sunday, Saint
Petersburg
1905 750
European Socialism in World History
751
North America and the New Industrial Economy
751
European Immigration to the United States
752
Unions: Organization of Labor
754
The Progressives
755
Social Reform
755
The Progressive Presidency
756
The Emergence of Modern European Thought
758
Darwin s Theory of Natural Selection
758
The Revolution in Physics
760
Friedrich
Nietzsche and the Revolt against Reason
761
The Birth of Psychoanalysis
761
Islam and Late Nineteenth-Century European
Thought
763
Summary
763
Key Terms
764
Review Questions
764
CHAPTER
25
Latin America from Independence to the
1940s 766
Independence without Revolution
767
Immediate Consequences of Latin American
Independence
767
Absence of Social Change
767
Control of the Land
767
Global Perspective: Latin American History
768
Submissive Political Philosophies
769
Economy of Dependence
773
New Exploitation of Resources
773
Increased Foreign Ownership and Influence
774
Economic Crises and New Directions
775
Search for Political Stability
775
Three National Histories
776
Argentina
776
Mexico
779
A Closer Look:
Benito
Juárez
781
Brazil
785
Summary
789
Key Terms
790
Review Questions
790
CHAPTER
26
India, the Islamic Heartlands, and Africa,
1800-1945 792
The Indian Experience
793
British Dominance and Colonial Rule
793
Building the Empire: The First Half of the Nineteenth
Century
793
Global Perspective: The Challenge of Modernity:
India, Islam, and Africa
794
British-Indian Relations
795
From British Crown Raj to Independence
798
The Burden of Crown Rule
798
Indian Resistance
798
Hindu-Muslim Friction on the Road to independence
800
A Closer Look: Gandhi and His Spinning Wheel
801
The Islamic Experience
802
XVI
Contents
Islamic
Responses
to Declining Power and
Independence
802
Western Political and Economic Encroachment
803
The Western Impact
805
Islamic Responses to Foreign Encroachment
805
Emulation of the West
805
Integration of Western and Islamic Ideas
807
Women and Reform in the Middle East
808
Purification and Revival of Islam
808
Nationalism
809
The African Experience
810
New States and Power Centers
810
Southern Africa
810
East and Central Africa
811
West Africa
811
Islamic Reform Movements
811
Increasing European Involvement: Exploration
and Colonization
813
Explorers
814
Christian Missions
814
Tiie Colonial Scramble for Africa
814
Patterns in European Colonial Rule and African
Resistance
817
The Rise of African Nationalism
818
Summary
819
Key Terms
820
Review Questions
820
Religions of the World:
Isiam
822
CHAPTER
27
Modern East Asia
824
Global Perspective: Modern East Asia
826
Modern Japan
(1853-1945) 825
Overthrow of the Tokugawa Bakufu
( 1853-1868) 825
A Closer Look: East Meets the West
828
Building the Meiji State
( 1868-1890) 827
Centralization of Power
829
Political Parties
831
The Constitution
831
Growth of a Modern Economy
832
First Phase: Model Industries
833
Second Phase: 1880s-]890s
833
Third Phase:
1905-1929 834
Fourth Phase: Depression and Recovery
836
The Politics of Imperial Japan
(1890-1945) 836
From Confrontation to the Founding of the Seiyuhai
(1890-1900) 836
The Golden Years of Meiji
83 7
Rise of the Parties to Power
838
Militarism and War
(]927-! 945 ) 840
Japanese Militarism and German Nazism
843
Modern China
(1839-1949) 844
Close of Manchu Rule
844
The Opium War
844
Rebellions against the Manchu
846
Self-Strengthening and Decline
(] 874-1895) 848
The Borderlands: The Northwest, Vietnam, and Korea
850
From Dynasty to Warlordism
(1895-1926) 852
Cultural and Ideological Ferment: The May Fourth
Movement
854
Nationalist China
855
Guomindang Unification of China and the Nanjing Decade
(1927-1937) 855
War and Revolution
(1937-1949) 858
Summary
860
Key Terms
861
Review Questions
861
Part
7
Global Conflict and Change,
1900—
Present
CHAPTER
28
Imperialism and World War I
863
Expansion of European Power and the
New Imperialism
864
Global Perspective: Imperialism and the
Great War
864
The New Imperialism
865
Motives for the New Imperialism
865
The Scramble for Africa
867
Emergence of the German Empire
872
Formation of the Triple Alliance
( 1873-1890) 872
Bismarck s Leadership
(1873-1890) 873
Forging the Triple Entente
(1890-1907) 874
World War I
877
The Rood to War
(1908-1914) 877
Sarajevo and the Outbreak of War
(June-August
1914) 878
Strategies and Stalemate
( 1914-1917) 00
A Closer Look: The Development of the
Armored Tank
882
The Russian Revolution
884
End of World War I
886
Military Resolution
886
Settlement at Paris
887
Evaluation of the Peace
891
Contents
XVII
Summary
892
Key Terms
893
Review Questions
893
CHAPTER
29
Depression, European Dictators, and the
American New Deal
895
After Versailles: Demands for Revision and
Enforcement
896
Toward the Great Depression in Europe
896
Global Perspective: The Interwar Period in Europe
and the United States
896
Problems in Agricultural Commodities
897
The Soviet Experiment
898
War Communism
899
The New Economic Policy
899
Stalin versus Trotsky
900
Decision for Rapid Industrialization
900
The Purges
903
The Fascist Experiment in Italy
904
Rise of Mussolini
905
The Fascists in Power
906
German Democracy and Dictatorship
907
The Weimar Republic
907
Depression and Political Deadlock
912
Hitler Comes to Power
912
Hitler s Consolidation of Power
913
The Police State
914
Women in Nazi Germany
915
A Closer Look: The Nazi Party Rally
917
The Great Depression and the New Deal
in the United States
916
Economic Collapse
918
New Role for Government
919
Summary
920
Key Terms
921
Review Questions
921
CHAPTER
30
World War II
923
924
Again the Road to War
(1933-1939)
Hitler s Goals
924
Destruction of Versailles
924
Global Perspective: World War II
924
Italy Attacks Ethiopia
925
Remilitarization of the Rhineland
925
The Spanish Civil War
926
Austria and Czechoslovakia
928
Munich
928
The Nazi-Soviet Pact
930
World War II
(1939-1945) 931
German Conquest of Europe
931
Battle of Britain
932
German Attack on Russia
933
Hitler s Europe
934
Racism and the Holocaust
934
The Road to Pearl Harbor
935
America s Entry into the War
937
The Tide Turns
937
Defeat of Nazi Germany
939
Fall of the Japanese Empire
940
The Cost of War
941
The Domestic Fronts
941
Germany: From Apparent Victory to Defeat
941
France: Defeat, Collaboration, and Resistance
943
Great Britain: Organization for Victory
943
The United States: American Women and African Americans
in the War Effort
944
The Soviet Union: The Great Patriotic War
944
A Closer Look: The Vichy Regime in France
945
Preparations for Peace
946
The Atlantic Charter
947
Tehran
947
Yalta
947
Potsdam
948
Summary
949
Key Terms
949
Review Questions
949
CHAPTER
31
The West since World War II
951
The Cold War Era
951
Areas of Early Cold War Conflict
9 51
Global Perspective: The West since
1945 951
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
955
Crises of
1956 956
The Cold War Intensified
957
Detente and Afterward
958
Toward Western European Unification
959
European Society in the Second Half of the Twentieth
Century and Beyond
961
Toward a Welfare State Society
961
Resistance to the Expansion of the Welfare State
962
The Movement of Peoples
963
The New Muslim Population
966
New Patterns in the Work and Expectations of Women
967
American Domestic Scene since World War II
968
Truman and Eisenhower Administrations
968
Civil Rights
969
XVIII
Contents
Social
Programs
970
The Vietnam
War and Domestic Turmoil
970
The Watergate Scandal
970
The Triumph of Political Conservatism
97 1
The Soviet Union to
1989 972
The Khrushchev Years
972
Brezhnev
973
Communism and Solidarity in Poland
973
Gorbachev Attempts to Redirect the Soviet Union
974
1989:
Year of Revolutions in Eastern Europe
974
Solidarity Reeinerges in Poland
975
Hungary Moves toward Independence
975
Tlie
Breach of the Berlin Wall and German Reunification
975
The Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia
975
A Closer Look: Collapse of the Berlin Wall
976
Violent Revolution in Romania
977
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
977
Renunciation of Communist Political Monopoly
977
The August
1991
Coup
978
The Yeltsin Years
979
The Collapse of Yugoslavia and Civil War
981
Challenges to the Atlantic Alliance
Challenges on the International Security Front
983
Strains over Environmental Policy
984
Summary
986
Key Terms
987
Review Questions
987
CHAPTER
32
East Asia: The Recent Decades
989
Japan
990
Global Perspective: Modern East Asia
990
The Occupation
991
Parliamentary Politics
993
Economic Growth
996
Society and Culture
998
japan and the World
1000
China
1000
Soviet Period
(¡950-1960) 1001
A Closer Look: Trial of a Landlord
1002
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
(1965-1976) 1003
China after Mao
1004
Taiwan
1008
Korea
1010
Korea as a Japanese Colony
1010
North and South
1010
The Korean War and U.S. involvement
1011
South Korea: Grmvth and Democracy
1012
North Korea
1013
Vietnam
1013
The Colonial Backdrop
1013
The
Anticolonial
War
1014
The Vietnam War
1014
War with Cambodia
1015
Recent Developments
1016
Summary
1017
Key Terms
1017
Review Questions
1017
CHAPTER
33
Postcolonialism and Beyond: Latin America,
Africa, Asia, and the Middle East
1019
Beyond the
Postcolonial
Era
1020
Global Perspective: Democratization, Globalization,
and Terrorism
1020
Latin America since
1945 1023
Revolutionary Challenges
1026
Pursuit of Stability under the Threat of Revolution
1028
Continuity and Change in Recent Latin American
History
1030
A Closer Look: Mexican Farmers Protest
the North American Free Trade Agreement
1031
Postcolonial
Africa
1030
The Transition to Independence
1032
The African Future
1036
Trade and Development
1038
The Islamic Heartlands, from North Africa to
Indonesia
1038
Turkey
1039
Iran and Its Islamic Revolution
1040
Afghanistan and the Former Soviet Republics
1041
India
1042
Pakistan and Bangladesh
1043
Indonesia and Malaysia
1044
The
Postcolonial
Middle East
1044
Postcolonial
Nations in the Middle East
1044
The Arab-Israeli Conflict
1046
Middle Eastern Oil
1050
The Rise of Militant
Islamism
1050
The Modern Middle Eastern Background
105 1
Iraq: Intervention and Occupation
1052
Summary
1054
Key Terms
1055
Review Questions
1055
Glossary G-l
Suggested Readings S-l
Credits C-l
Index
1-і
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV039102471 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)734093953 (DE-599)BVBBV039102471 |
edition | 9. ed., combined vol. |
era | Geschichte gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte |
format | Book |
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id | DE-604.BV039102471 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T23:25:24Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780205803507 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-022646374 |
oclc_num | 734093953 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 |
owner_facet | DE-12 |
physical | XXXI, 1056 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
publishDate | 2011 |
publishDateSearch | 2011 |
publishDateSort | 2011 |
publisher | Pearson Prentice Hall |
record_format | marc |
spelling | The heritage of world civilizations Albert M. Craig ... [et al.] 9. ed., combined vol. Upper Saddle River, N.J. Pearson Prentice Hall 2011 XXXI, 1056 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Civilization History Textbooks Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd rswk-swf Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 s Geschichte z DE-604 Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 s 1\p DE-604 Craig, Albert M. Sonstige oth Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 4 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022646374&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
spellingShingle | The heritage of world civilizations Geschichte Civilization History Textbooks Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4125698-0 (DE-588)4020517-4 |
title | The heritage of world civilizations |
title_auth | The heritage of world civilizations |
title_exact_search | The heritage of world civilizations |
title_full | The heritage of world civilizations Albert M. Craig ... [et al.] |
title_fullStr | The heritage of world civilizations Albert M. Craig ... [et al.] |
title_full_unstemmed | The heritage of world civilizations Albert M. Craig ... [et al.] |
title_short | The heritage of world civilizations |
title_sort | the heritage of world civilizations |
topic | Geschichte Civilization History Textbooks Kultur (DE-588)4125698-0 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd |
topic_facet | Geschichte Civilization History Textbooks Kultur |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022646374&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT craigalbertm theheritageofworldcivilizations |