Applied homogeneous catalysis:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Weinheim
Wiley-VCH
2012
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXVIII, 688 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783527326334 3527326332 9783527326419 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Behr, Arno |d 1952- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)141112859 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Applied homogeneous catalysis |c Arno Behr and Peter Neubert |
| 264 | 1 | |a Weinheim |b Wiley-VCH |c 2012 | |
| 300 | |a XXVIII, 688 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
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| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Homogene Katalyse |0 (DE-588)4160579-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
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| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Homogene Katalyse |0 (DE-588)4160579-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Homogene Katalyse |0 (DE-588)4160579-2 |D s |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1805096245208809472 |
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IMAGE 1
VII
CONTENTS
FOREWORD V PREFACE X I X
ABBREVIATIONS X X I I I
PART I CHEMICAL BASICS 1
1 DEFINITION, OPTIONS, A N D EXAMPLES: WHAT ACTUALLY IS CATALYSIS? 3
1.1 DEFINITION O F CATALYSIS 3
1.2 T H E DIFFERENT VARIETIES O F CATALYSIS 5
1.3 T H E DIRECTING EFFECT O F T H E CATALYST 8
1.4 CATALYSIS-AS A PART O F " G R E E N CHEMISTRY" 10
1.5 SOURCES O F INFORMATION ABOUT CATALYSIS 10
LITERATURE 14
2 A BRIEF HISTORY: H O M O G E N E O U S TRANSITION METAL CATALYSIS: A
YOUNG SCIENCE 17 2.1 A BRIEF HISTORY 17
2.1.1 PHASE I: INORGANIC BASIC CHEMICALS
(1898-1918) 18
2.1.2 PHASE II: REFINERY PROCESSES: SYNTHESIS GAS A N D ACETYLENE C H E
M I S T R Y (1919-1945) 18 2.1.3 PHASE III: PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL
PRODUCTS (1946-1970) 19 2.1.4 PHASE IV: FINE CHEMICALS A N D SPECIALTY
PRODUCTS (1971 TO DATE) 21
LITERATURE 2 5
3 INDUSTRIAL H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS: W H A T IS T H E ECONOMIC
IMPORTANCE? 2 7
3.1 APPLICATION AREAS O F CATALYSIS 2 7
3.2 IMPORTANT H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYZED PROCESSES 2 7
3.3 SYNTHESIS O F FINE CHEMICALS BY H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS 2 8
LITERATURE 3 2
4
4.1 4.2
DEFINITIONS O F IMPORTANT TERMS: SELECTIVITY, STY, TON, TOF, A N D M O R
E . . . 3 5 CONVERSION 3 5
YIELD 36
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1011200244
IMAGE 2
VIII CONTENTS
4.2.1 PLANT YIELD (OVERALL YIELD) 3 7
4.3 SELECTIVITY 3 7
4.3.1 CHEMOSELECTIVITY 3 7
4.3.2 REGIOSELECTIVITY 3 8
4.3.3 DIASTEREOSELECTIVITY 38
4.3.4 ENANTIOSELECTIVITY 3 9
4.4 OTHER I M P O R T A N T TARGET VALUES 4 0
4.4.1 SPACE-TIME YIELD (STY) 4 0
4.4.2 CATALYST LIFETIME 4 0
4.4.3 TURNOVER N U M B E R 4 1
4.4.4 TURNOVER FREQUENCY 4 2
4.4.5 PRODUCTIVITY 4 2
4.5 T H E CHOICE IS YOURS! 43
LITERATURE 46
5 BONDS, ELEMENTAL STEPS, A N D CATALYST CYCLES: BASICS O F
ORGARIOMETALLIC
CHEMISTRY 4 7
5.1 LIGANDS 4 7
5.2 C H A N G E I N OXIDATION STATE 5 0
5.3 C H A N G I N G O F COORDINATION N U M B E R (CN) A N D COORDINATION
G E O M E T R Y 5 0
5.4 T H E ELEMENTARY STEPS 51
5.4.1 ASSOCIATION/DISSOCIATION 5 2
5.4.2 OXIDATIVE ADDITION/REDUCTIVE ELIMINATION 53
5.4.3 INSERTION/EXTRUSION 5 3
5.4.4 OXIDATIVE COUPLING (CYCLOADDITION)/REDUCTIVE CLEAVAGE
(RETROCYCLOADDITION) 5 5 5.4.5 FURTHER ELEMENTARY STEPS 5 6
5.4.6 A REVIEW O F T H E ELEMENTARY STEPS 5 6
5.5 CATALYTIC CYCLES 5 7
LITERATURE 60
6 TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES: THE "CAPTAINS" O F H O M O G E N E O U S
CATALYSIS 63
6.1 G R O U P IIIB METALS A N D LANTHANIDES 63
6.2 METALS O F G R O U P IVB 64
6.3 METALS O F G R O U P S VB TO VIIB 64
6.4 T H E "IRON METALS" O F G R O U P VIII 6 5
6.5 T H E NOBLE METALS F R O M G R O U P VIII 6 5
6.5.1 R U T H E N I U M 66
6.5.2 O S M I U M 6 7
6.5.3 R H O D I U M 6 7
6.5.4 I R I D I U M 70
6.5.5 PALLADIUM 7 0
6.5.6 P L A T I N U M 72
6.6 GOLD: A NOBLE METAL F R O M G R O U P IB 72
6.7 T H E COST O F CATALYST METALS 72
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS IX
6.8 T H E AVAILABILITY O F TRANSITION METAL CATALYSTS 74-
6.9 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT: SYNTHESIS O F PD(ACAC) 2 7 5
LITERATURE 76
7 THE COMPLEX LIGANDS: THE "MATES" O F H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS
79
7.1 MONODENTATE LIGAND OR CHELATE? 79
7.2 BASICITY O F LIGANDS 8 2
7.3 CONE ANGLE ("TOLMAN C O N E ANGLE") 83 .
7.4 T H E BITE ANGLE 8 8
7.5 COSTS A N D ACCESSIBILITY O F LIGANDS 91
7.6 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT: T H E SYNTHESIS O F BIPHEPHOS 93
7.7 STABILITY O F LIGANDS 95
LITERATURE 98
8 THE SOLVENTS: T H E REACTION MEDIUM 101
8.1 CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING SOLVENTS 102
8.1.1 T H E DIELECTRIC CONSTANT (PERMITTIVITY) 102
8.1.2 DIPOLE M O M E N T 104
8.2 MISCIBILITY O F SOLVENTS 106
8.3 SOLVENTS AS ACTIVATORS 107
8.4 SOLVENTS AS DEACTIVATORS 108
8.5 AVAILABILITY A N D PURITY O F SOLVENTS 109
8.5.1 SOLVENT AVAILABILITY 109
8.5.2 SOLVENT PURITY 110
8.6 SPECIAL SOLVENTS 111
LITERATURE 112
9 ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS: THE "SPECIAL CASE" 115
9.1 A GLOSSARY O F A S Y M M E T R I C CATALYSIS 115
9.1.1 PRELIMINARY INFORMATION 115
9.2 A Q U I C K LOOK BACK 119
9.3 MECHANISTIC CONSIDERATIONS 121
9.4 CHIRAL LIGANDS 125
9.5 OVERVIEW O N H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYZED A S Y M M E T R I C
SYNTHESES 127
9.6 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 127
LITERATURE 131
10 THERMODYNAMICS O F H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS: WHEN DOES A
CHEMICAL REACTION RUN? 133 10.1 GIBBS ENERGY A N D ENERGY PLOT 133
10.2 CALCULATION O R A S S E S S M E N T O F T H E FREE REACTION
ENTHALPY 135
10.3 T H E R M O D Y N A M I C ANALYSIS O F COMPLEX REACTION SYSTEMS 136
LITERATURE 139
*
IMAGE 4
X CONTENTS
11 KINETICS O F H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS: H O W DOES T H E
REACTION PROCEED? 141
11.1 FREQUENTLY OCCURRING KINETICS 141
11.2 T H E ENERGY D I A G R A M FOR EXPLAINING REGIOSELECTIVITY 145
11.3 T H E ENERGY D I A G R A M FOR EXPLAINING ENANTIOSELECTIVITY 146
11.4 EXECUTION O F KINETIC M E A S U R E M E N T S 146
11.5 A CONCRETE EXAMPLE: T H E (ISOMERIZING) HYDROFORMYLATION O F
OCTENES 147 11.6 POSSIBLE FAILURES I N KINETIC M E A S U R E M E N T S
149
LITERATURE 151
12 OVERVIEW O N SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS: CAN WE SEE INTO
H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS? 153 12.1 UV/VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY 153
12.2 IR SPECTROSCOPY 155
12.3 N M R SPECTROSCOPY 157
12.3.1 N M R SPECTROSCOPY 157
12.3.2 N M R SPECTROSCOPY WITH PARA H Y D R O G E N 158
12.3.3 3 1 P N M R SPECTROSCOPY 159
12.4 MASS SPECTROSCOPY 162
12.5 EXTENDED X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE ANALYSIS 163
12.6 INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY (ICP-OES)
164 LITERATURE 166
PART II PROCESS ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS 169
13 REACTOR TYPES: WHERE DOES CATALYSIS OCCUR? 171
13.1 REACTIONS I N H O M O G E N E O U S LIQUID PHASE 171
13.1.1 STIRRED-TANK REACTOR 171
13.1.2 TUBULAR REACTOR 173
13.2 FLUID-FLUID SYSTEMS 174
13.2.1 SPARGED STIRRED-TANK REACTOR 174
13.2.2 BUBBLE C O L U M N REACTOR 175
13.2.3 LOOP REACTORS 175
13.2.4 JET TUBE REACTOR 175
13.2.5 REACTORS FOR GASEOUS PRODUCT STREAMS 176
13.2.6 FALLING FILM REACTOR 176
13.2.7 JET SCRUBBER 177
13.2.8 LIQUID RING P U M P A N D SPARGED TUBULAR REACTOR 177
13.3 T H E "EMBARRAS D E RICHESSES" 177
13.4 PRESSURE REACTORS 180
13.5 N E W TRENDS 182
LITERATURE 185
14 OVERVIEW O N CATALYST RECYCLING METHODS: IS MY CATALYST ECONOMICAL?
189 14.1 T H E PRINCIPLES O F SEPARATION 189
14.2 PRECIPITATION 193
IMAGE 5
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CONTENTS XI
C H E M I C A L PRECIPITATION 193
ADDITION O F A SOLVENT 194 REMOVAL O F A SOLVENT 194 ADDITION O F
SPECIFIC PRECIPITANTS 194 T H E R M A L DEPOSITION O F A METAL CATALYST
195
TAGS 195
CRYSTALLIZATION 196 ADSORPTION 196 LITERATURE 199
THERMAL SEPARATION: THE SIMPLEST REMOVAL O F VOLATILE PRODUCTS 203 T H E
BASICS 203
SEPARATION BY DISTILLATION O F T H E P R O D U C T 203 T H E R M A L
DECOMPOSITION O F T H E CATALYST 203 EXAMPLE: HYDROFORMYLATION 204 T H E
TRIAD PROCESS 204
T H E GAS RECYCLE PROCESS 205 T H E LIQUID RECYCLE PROCESS 206 EXAMPLE:
OXIDATION O F ETHENE TO ACETALDEHYDE 207 EXAMPLE: CARBONYLATION O F
METHANOL TO ACETIC ACID 2 0 9
LITERATURE 212
IMMOBILIZATION O N SOLID SUPPORTS: FRORI*HOMOGENEOUS TO HETEROGENEOUS
213 T H E BASIC PRINCIPLE 213 ORGANIC SUPPORTS 2 I 4
INORGANIC ^TFGPBRTS 21S LITERATURE 21
LIQUID-LIQUID MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS: T H E SMART APPROACH T O CATALYST
SEPARATION 223 VARIANTS OF LIQUID-LIQUID BIPHASIC (LLB) SYSTEMS 224
REACTION A N D SEPARATION 225 ORGANIC/ORGANIC BIPHASIC SYSTEMS 226
ORGANIC/AQUEOUS BIPHASIC SYSTEMS 2 2 7 MICELLAR CATALYSIS 232
REACTIONS WITH IN-SITU EXTRACTION 234 REACTIONS WITH POST EXTRACTION 235
LITERATURE 238
THERMOMORPHIC SOLVENT SYSTEMS: CLEVER ENHANCEMENTS 243 T H E R M O R E G
U L A T E D PHASE-TRANSFER CATALYSIS 243 T H E R M O R E G U L A T E D
MICROEMULSIONS 245 T H E R M O R E G U L A T E D FLUOROUS SOLVENT
SYSTEMS 246
T H E R M O R E G U L A T E D POLYMER-BOUND CATALYSTS 248
IMAGE 6
XII CONTENTS
18.5 T H E R M O M O R P H I C M U L T I C O M P O N E N T SOLVENT
SYSTEMS 251
18.5.1 FINDING A SUITABLE TMS SYSTEM 252
18.6 A RETROSPECTIVE LOOK AT CATALYST RECYCLING METHODS 2 5 3
LITERATURE 256
PART III HOMOGENEOUS CATALYZED REACTION TYPES 259
19 AN OVERVIEW O F C-C-BONDING REACTIONS: A GUIDE THROUGH T H E JUNGLE
263
LITERATURE 270
20 HYDROFORMYLATIONS: T H E INDUSTRIAL ROUTE T O ALDEHYDES A N D
ALCOHOLS 273
20.1 SUBSTRATES 274
20.2 CATALYSTS 2 7 5
20.3 M E C H A N I S M S 2 7 7
20.4 , INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES 278
20.4.1 FIRST-GENERATION CATALYSTS (FROM ~ 1 9 5 0 ) 279
20.4.2 SECOND-GENERATION CATALYSTS (FROM ~ 1 9 6 0 ) 279
20.4.3 THIRD-GENERATION CATALYSTS (FROM ~1974) 2 8 0
20.4.4 FOURTH-GENERATION CATALYSTS (FROM ~ 1 9 8 4 ) 281 20.5 ASYMMETRIC
HYDROFORMYLATION 281
20.6 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT: HYDROFORMYLATION O F 1-OCTENE 2 8 2
LITERATURE 284
21 CARBONYLATIONS: THE VERSATILE INSERTIONS O F CARBON MONOXIDE 291
21.1 REACTIONS BETWEEN C O A N D H Y D R O G E N 291
21.2 REACTIONS O F C O WITH ALKENES A N D VINYL ARENES 2 9 2
21.3 REACTIONS O F C O WITH DIENES 293
21.4 REACTIONS O F C O WITH ALKYNES 2 9 5
21.5 REACTIONS O F C O W I T H ALCOHOLS 296
21.5.1 CARBONYLATION REACTIONS 2 9 7
21.5.2 HOMOLOGATION REACTIONS 298
21.6 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 298
LITERATURE 3 0 0
22 OLIGOMERIZATION A N D CYCLOOLIGOMERIZATION: THE CONVERSION O F
UNSATURATED ALIPHATICS INTO SHORT CHAINS OR MEDIUM-SIZED RINGS 303 22.1
OLIGOMERIZATION O F ALKENES 3 0 3
22.1.1 ETHENE 303
22.1.2 PROPENE 308
22.1.3 O T H E R M O N O E N E S 3 1 0
22.2 DIENES 311
22.3 ALKYNES 313
22.4 COOLIGOMERIZATIONS 314
22.4.1 ETHENE A N D BUTADIENE 314
IMAGE 7
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* * 7
CONTENTS XIII
E T H E N E A N D STYRENE (HYDROVINYLATION) 315
COOLIGOMERIZATIONS WITH ALKYNES 316 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 316 LITERATURE
318
METATHESIS: A "CHANGE-YOUR-PARTNERS" DANCE 323 MECHANISM A N D CATALYSTS
3 2 5 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 3 3 0 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT: SELF
METATHESIS O F 1-OCTENE 3 3 2
LITERATURE 334
POLYMERIZATIONS: THE PURPOSEFUL ASSEMBLY O F MACROMOLECULES 337
POLYETHYLENE A N D ZIEGLER CATALYSTS 337 POLYPROPYLENE A N D METALLOCENE
CATALYSIS 341 FURTHER POLYOLEFINS 346 POLYDIENES 3 4 7
POLYKETONES 348 POLYALKYNES 349 POST-METALLOCENES 3 5 0 C U R R E N T
TOPICS I N POLYMER RESEARCH 351 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 3 5 2
LITERATURE 354
TELOMERIZATIONS: THE CONSTRUCTION O F C 8 A N D C10 C H A I N S 359
REACTIONS, MECHANISMS, A N D CATALYSTS 359 BUTADIENE TELOMERIZATIONS 3 6
2 BUTADIENE A N D OXYGEN NUCLEOPHILES 363
BUTADIENE A N D NITROGEN NUCLEOPHILES 3 6 7 BUTADIENE A N D C A R B O N
NUCLEOPHILES 368 CARBOXY TELOMERIZATION 368 CYCLIC TELOMERES 369
TELOMERIZATIONS WITH ISOPRENE 371 TELOMERIZATIONS I N LIQUID-LIQUID
BIPHASIC SYSTEMS 3 7 2
A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 3 74 LITERATURE 376
REACTIONS WITH CARBON DIOXIDE: THE ACTIVATION O F A N "INACTIVE"
MOLECULE 381 CARBON DIOXIDE A N D ALKANES 3 8 2 CARBON DIOXIDE A N D
ALKENES 383
CARBON DIOXIDE A N D DIENES 3 8 4 CARBON DIOXIDE A N D ALKYNES 387
CARBON DIOXIDE A N D AROMATICS 388 CARBON DIOXIDE A N D H Y D R O G E N
3 8 8
CARBON DIOXIDE A N D EPOXIDES 3 9 2
IMAGE 8
XIV CONTENTS
26.8 C A R B O N DIOXIDE A N D A M I N E S 393
26.9 C A R B O N DIOXIDE-CONTAINING POLYMERS 3 9 4
26.9.1 ALIPHATIC POLYCARBONATES CONTAINING C 0 2 A N D EPOXIDES 394
26.9.2 POLYPYRONES F R O M C 0 2 A N D DIYNES 394
26.9.3 C 0 2 - C O N T A I N I N G POLYESTERS O F DIYNES A N D DIHALIDES
395
26.9.4 AROMATIC POLYCARBONATES BASED O N C 0 2 3 9 5
26.10 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 396
LITERATURE 3 9 8
27 CARBON-CARBON COUPLING WITH AROMATICS: NEW N A M E REACTIONS 403
27.1 M I Z O R O K I - H E C K REACTIONS 404
27.2 S O N O G A S H I R A - H A G I H A R A REACTIONS 406
27.3 SUZUKI-MIYAURA REACTION 4 0 7
27.4 CROSS :COUPLINGS W I T H METAL ORGANYLES 4 0 9
27.5 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 411
LITERATURE 413
28 HYDROGENATIONS: C - H BOND FORMATION 419
28.1 CATALYSTS A N D M E C H A N I S M S 419
28.2 ASYMMETRIC HYDROGENATION 4 2 0
28.3 HYDROGENATION O F VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL G R O U P S 4 2 2
28.3.1 C - C MULTIPLE BONDS 4 2 2
28.3.2 C = 0 DOUBLE BONDS 4 2 4
28.3.3 C = N DOUBLE BONDS 426
28.4 TECHNICAL APPLICATIONS 426
28.4.1 (S)-METOLACHLOR 4 2 7
28.4.2 L D O P A 4 2 8
28.4.3 ASPARTAME 428
28.4.4 NAPROXEN 428
28.4.5 INDINAVIR 429
28.4.6 C A R B A P E N E M 429
28.4.7 BIOTIN 429
28.4.8 PRODUCTION O F CYCLOHEXANE 429
28.5 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 431
LITERATURE 432
29 OXIDATIONS: FORMATION O F C - O BONDS 4 3 7
29.1 WACKER OXIDATIONS 4 3 7
29.2 EPOXIDATIONS 4 4 0
29.3 ASYMMETRIC DIHYDROXYLATIONS 444
29.4 OXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE O F C = C DOUBLE BONDS 4 4 4
29.5 OXIDATIONS O F ALKYL AROMATICS 446
29.6 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 448
LITERATURE 449
IMAGE 9
30
30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4
30.5 30.6 30.7
31
31.1 31.1.1 31.1.2 31.2 31.3 31.4
PART IV
32 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.3.1 32.3.2
32.3.3 32.3.4 32.3.4.1 32.3.4.2
32.3.4.3 32.4
33
33.1 33.2 33.3
CONTENTS XV
AMINATIONS: FORMATION O F C - N BONDS 4 5 5
ANIMATION O F ARYL HALIDES 4 5 5 HYDROAMINATION O F ALKENES 458
HYDROAMINATIONS O F DIENES 461 HYDROAMINATION O F ALKYNES 462 AMINATION
O F FUNCTIONAL G R O U P S 4 6 2
. .SOME MORE A M I N A T I O N S 4 6 3
A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 464 LITERATURE 466
ISOMERIZATIONS: MIGRATION O F DOUBLE BONDS A N D REARRANGEMENT O F T H E
CARBON BACKBONE 473 ISOMERIZATION O F ALKENES 4 7 3 T H E ALKYL M E C H
A N I S M 474 T H E ALLYLIC M E C H A N I S M 4 7 4
ISOMERIZATION O F SUBSTITUTED ALKENES 4 7 5 R E A R R A N G E M E N T O
F T H E BACKBONE 478 A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 4 7 9 LITERATURE 4 8 0
NEW TRENDS 485
TANDEM REACTIONS: MULTIPLE SYNTHESIS STEPS IN O N E POT 4 8 7
MULTICOMPONENT REACTIONS 488 MULTIFUNCTIONAL CATALYSIS 489
T A N D E M A N D RELATED REACTIONS 491 ONE-POT REACTIONS 4 9 2 D O M I
N O REACTIONS 493 CASCADE O R Z I P REACTIONS 493
T A N D E M REACTIONS 4 9 4 ORTHOGONAL T A N D E M CATALYSIS 4 9 4
AUTO-TANDEM REACTIONS 4 9 5 ASSISTED T A N D E M CATALYSIS 4 9 6
A TYPICAL EXPERIMENT 4 9 7 LITERATURE 5 0 0
COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY A N D HIGH-THROUGHPUT CATALYST SCREENING: THE
FAST WAY T O O P T I M U M RESULTS 5 0 7 BASICS A N D DEFINITIONS 5 0 7
PARALLEL REACTOR SYSTEMS 5 0 9
SEQUENTIAL REACTOR SYSTEMS 514 LITERATURE 517
34 34.1 34.2
GREEN SOLVENTS: WORKING WITH ECO-FRIENDLY SOLVENTS 521 IONIC LIQUIDS 521
SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS 526
IMAGE 10
XVI CONTENTS
34.3 FLUOROUS SOLVENTS 5 2 9
34.4 POLYETHERS 530
34.5 CONCLUSIONS 531
LITERATURE 533
35 ALKANE ACTIVATIONS: ACQUISITIONS O F NEW FEEDSTOCKS 541
35.1 MECHANISTIC CONSIDERATIONS 5 4 2
35.2 ALKANE OXIDATIONS 543
35.3 ALKANE CARBONYLATIONS 545
35.4 ALKANE METATHESIS 545
35.5 ALKANE HYDROGENOLYSIS 546
35.6 ALKANE BORYLATION 546
35.7 ALKANE SULFONATION 547
35.8 A LOOK BACK 547
LITERATURE 548
36 MORE EFFICIENT LIGANDS: THE BEST IS T H E ENEMY O F T H E GOOD 553
36.1 NITROGEN-CONTAINING LIGANDS 554
36.2 U N U S U A L P H O S P H O R U S LIGANDS 556
36.3 LIGANDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS F R O M G R O U P VIA 5 5 7
36.4 LIGANDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS F R O M G R O U P IVA 559
LITERATURE 5 6 2
37 NANOCATALYSIS: BETWEEN H O M O G E N E O U S A N D HETEROGENEOUS
CATALYSIS 569
37.1 SYNTHESIS A N D PROPERTIES O F NANOCATALYSTS 5 6 9
37.2 STABILIZATION O F NANOPARTICLES 571
37.3 HETEROGENIZATION O F NANOPARTICLES O N SOLID SUPPORTS 574
37.4 CATALYSIS INVOLVING METAL NANOPARTICLES 574
LITERATURE 576
38 H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS WITH RENEWABLES: USING NATURE'S
TREASURES 583
38.1 CATALYTIC CONVERSION O F FATTY C O M P O U N D S 585
38.1.1 CATALYTIC FUNCTIONALIZATION O F UNSATURATED FATTY C O M P O U N D
S 586 38.1.1.1 SELECTIVE HYDROGENATIONS 586 38.1.1.2 HYDROFORMYLATION
586 38.1.1.3 HYDROAMINOMETHYLATION 5 8 7
38.1.2 CATALYTIC OLIGOMERIZATION O F U N S A T U R A T E D FATS 587
38.1.3 CATALYTIC OXIDATION O F U N S A T U R A T E D FATTY C O M P O U N
D S 588 38.1.4 CATALYTIC METATHESIS O F U N S A T U R A T E D FATTY C O
M P O U N D S 589
38.1.5 CATALYTIC DERIVATIZATION O F GLYCEROL 591 38.2 CATALYTIC
REACTIONS O F CARBOHYDRATES 593
38.3 CATALYTIC REACTIONS O F TERPENES 594
LITERATURE 5 9 7
IMAGE 11
CONTENTS XVII
39 ELECTROCATALYSIS/SONOCATALYSIS/PHOTOCATALYSIS/MICROWAVE/EXTREME
PRESSURE: ALTERNATIVE METHODS O F ACTIVATION 603 39.1 ELECTROCATALYSIS
603
39.2 PHOTOCATALYSIS 605
39.3 SONOCATALYSIS 606
39.4 MICROWAVE CATALYSIS 608
39.5 EXTREME HIGH-PRESSURE CATALYSIS 611
LITERATURE 613
40 PROCESS DEVELOPMENT IN MINIPLANTS: FROM LABORATORY T O PRODUCTION 621
40.1 MINIPLANT WITH CONTINUOUSLY STIRRED-TANK REACTOR (MINIPLANT I) 622
40.2 MINIPLANT WITH LOOP REACTOR A N D PHASE SEPARATOR (MINIPLANT II)
623
40.3 MINIPLANT WITH JETLOOP REACTOR A N D PHASE SEPARATOR (MINIPLANT
III) 626
40.4 MINIPLANT WITH A MIXER-SETTLER BATTERY (MINIPLANT IV) 628
LITERATURE 631
41 THE FUTURE O F H O M O G E N E O U S CATALYSIS: A LOOK AHEAD 633
41.1 N E W RESOURCES 633
41.1.1 CARBON DIOXIDE 634
41.1.2 RENEWABLE RESOURCES 635
41.1.3 FATS A N D OILS 635
41.1.4 CARBOHYDRATES 637
41.1.5 BIOREFINERIES 6 3 7
41.2 N E W REACTIONS 638
41.2.1 SELECTIVE OXIDATIONS 639
41.2.2 ASYMMETRIC REACTIONS 639
41.2.3 T A N D E M REACTIONS 640
41.2.4 POLYMERIZATIONS 640
41.2.5 N E W CATALYTIC REACTIONS 641
41.2.6 ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY PROCESSES 641 41.3 N E W CATALYSTS 641
41.4 N E W METHODS 643
LITERATURE 644
ANSWERS T O T H E QUICKIES 645
INDEX 669 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Behr, Arno 1952- Neubert, Peter 1981- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)141112859 (DE-588)102307866X |
| author_facet | Behr, Arno 1952- Neubert, Peter 1981- |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV037492546 |
| classification_rvk | VE 7040 VN 7340 |
| classification_tum | CHE 330f CHE 167f CIT 325f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)725141718 (DE-599)DNB1011200198 |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Physik Chemie Chemie-Ingenieurwesen |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV037492546 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T11:12:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783527326334 3527326332 9783527326419 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-022643829 |
| oclc_num | 725141718 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-29T DE-634 DE-703 DE-11 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-83 |
| owner_facet | DE-29T DE-634 DE-703 DE-11 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-83 |
| physical | XXVIII, 688 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Behr, Arno 1952- Verfasser (DE-588)141112859 aut Applied homogeneous catalysis Arno Behr and Peter Neubert Weinheim Wiley-VCH 2012 XXVIII, 688 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Angewandte Chemie (DE-588)4216597-0 gnd rswk-swf Homogene Katalyse (DE-588)4160579-2 gnd rswk-swf Technische Chemie (DE-588)4078178-1 gnd rswk-swf Homogene Katalyse (DE-588)4160579-2 s DE-604 Technische Chemie (DE-588)4078178-1 s Angewandte Chemie (DE-588)4216597-0 s Neubert, Peter 1981- Verfasser (DE-588)102307866X aut X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3718058&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022643829&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Behr, Arno 1952- Neubert, Peter 1981- Applied homogeneous catalysis Angewandte Chemie (DE-588)4216597-0 gnd Homogene Katalyse (DE-588)4160579-2 gnd Technische Chemie (DE-588)4078178-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4216597-0 (DE-588)4160579-2 (DE-588)4078178-1 |
| title | Applied homogeneous catalysis |
| title_auth | Applied homogeneous catalysis |
| title_exact_search | Applied homogeneous catalysis |
| title_full | Applied homogeneous catalysis Arno Behr and Peter Neubert |
| title_fullStr | Applied homogeneous catalysis Arno Behr and Peter Neubert |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applied homogeneous catalysis Arno Behr and Peter Neubert |
| title_short | Applied homogeneous catalysis |
| title_sort | applied homogeneous catalysis |
| topic | Angewandte Chemie (DE-588)4216597-0 gnd Homogene Katalyse (DE-588)4160579-2 gnd Technische Chemie (DE-588)4078178-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Angewandte Chemie Homogene Katalyse Technische Chemie |
| url | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3718058&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022643829&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT behrarno appliedhomogeneouscatalysis AT neubertpeter appliedhomogeneouscatalysis |