The development of atmospheric general circulation models: complexity, synthesis, and computation
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2011
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Cover Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 255 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780521190060 9781108445696 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804145706915594240 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Contributors
page
ix
Foreword
xi
Isaac
M.
Held
1
Introduction
1
Leo
Donner,
Wayne Schubert, and Richard C.J. Somerville
Acknowledgments
2
2
From Richardson to early numerical weather prediction
3
Peter Lynch
2.1
Pioneers of scientific forecasting
3
2.2
Prc-computer forecasting
6
2.3
Key developments,
1920-1950
8
2.4
The EN I AC integrations
9
2.5
Advancing computer technology
11
2.6
Climate modeling
13
2.7
Uncertainty and probability
14
2.8
Dreams fulfilled
15
References
16
3
The evolution and future research goals for general
circulation models
18
Warren M. Washington and Akira Kasahara
3.1
Introduction
18
3.2
Evolution of general circulation modeling
efforts
23
3.3
Future goals for climate and Earth system
modeling
36
Acknowledgments
42
References
42
Appendix
46
vj Contents
4
Beyond prediction to climate modeling and climate control: New
perspectives from the papers of Harry Wexler,
1945 1962 51
James Rodger Fleming
4.1
On the possibilities of climate control
5
4.2
Computers and meteorology,
1945-1946 $-
4.3
Fantasies of control r)()
4.4
Computers and meteorology,
1947 1948 62
4.5
Wexler s key contributions in other areas
63
4.6
Climate change and the general circulation
66
4.7
Gilbert Plass and CO2 modeling
M
4.8
Harry Wexler s article and final lectures on climate control
68
4.9
Conclusion 7I
References
7-
5
Synergies between numerical weather prediction and general
circulation climate models
76
Catherine A. Senior, Alberto
Arribas,
Andrew R. Brown,
Michael J. P. Cullen, Timothy C. Johns, Gillian M. Martin,
Sean
F
Milton, Stuart Webster and Keith I). Williams
5.1
Background and motivation
76
5.2
Seamless prediction across a range of space scales
81
5.3
Seamless prediction across a range of time scales
89
5.4
Benefits of shared development
98
5.5
Conclusion and future exploitation
106
Acknowledgments
107
References
108
6
Contributions of observational studies to the evaluation
and diagnosis of atmospheric GCM simulations
1
1
7
Ngar-Cheung
Lau
6.1
Introduction 1
17
6.2
The early years
-
energy cycle, zonal-mean circulation,
and regional climatology
1 ]
χ
6.3
Shift of attention to longitudinal and frequency dependence
of atmospheric variability 1
22
6.4
Diagnoses of local interactions between transient eddies
and the time-mean circulation
] 3 ]
6.5
Experimentations on interactions with SST conditions at
various sites
І35
6.6
Discussion and future prospects
14
Acknowledgments
¡
4 3
References 1
44
Contents
vii
7
Coupling atmospheric general circulation to oceans
148
Kirk
В
rvu
η
7.1
Introduction
148
7.2
Ocean models
149
7.3
Coupled models compared to observations
153
7.4
Paleoclimate
157
7.5
El Niño
158
7.6
Multi-decadal climate variability
162
7.7
Future challenges and opportunities for coupled models
171
Acknowledgments
172
References
172
8
Coupling atmospheric circulation models to biophysical,
biochemical, and biological processes at the land surface
177
Robert E. Dickinson
8.1
Beginnings of modeling the land surface as a component
ofGCMs
177
8.2
Land s role in climate variability and change
179
8.3
The introduction of dynamic vegetation
184
8.4
Coupling to the carbon cycle
185
8.5
Concluding discussion
193
References
194
9
The evolution of complexity in general circulation models
202
David Randall
9.1
Introduction
202
9.2
In the beginning
203
9.3
Numerics
206
9.4
Parametcrizations
208
9.5
From
academia
to enterprise: a loss of innocence
212
9.6
Peta-flops and giga-grids
214
9.7
Conclusions
220
Acknowledgments
221
References
221
10
The co-evolution of climate models and the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change
225
Richard
C. J. Somerville
10.1
Historical development of global climate models in the
IPCC context
225
10.2
The beginnings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)
229
10.3
The First Assessment Report (FAR) of the IPCC
(1990) 230
viii Contents
10.4
The Second Assessment Report
(SAR)
and Third
Assessment Report (TAR)
233
10.5
IPCC and the policy debate regarding human effects on
climate change
234
10.6
The IPCC process
236
10.7
An example of model evolution in the IPCC context: cloud
processes
240
10.8
Coupled models
242
10.9
The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) and the future
of the IPCC
244
References
251
Index
253
Color plates between p.
144
and p.
145
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC
GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS
Complexity, Synthesis, and Computation
Over the last fifty years, models that predict the state of the atmosphere have
evolved from conceptual frameworks to advanced computational tools for short-
and medium-range weather prediction and climate simulation. This book presents
a comprehensive discussion of general circulation models of the atmosphere
-
covering their historical and contemporary development, their societal context,
and current efforts to integrate these models into wider Earth system models.
Leading researchers provide unique perspectives on the scientific breakthroughs,
overarching themes, critical applications, and future prospects for atmospheric
general circulation models. Key interdisciplinary links to other subject areas such
as chemistry, oceanography, and ecology are also highlighted.
This book is a core reference for academic researchers and professionals involved
in atmospheric physics, meteorology, and climate science, and can be used as a
resource for graduate-level courses in climate modeling and numerical weather
prediction.
(ìiven
the critical role that atmospheric general circulation models are
playing in (he intense public discourse on climate change, it is also a valuable
resource for policymakers and all those concerned with the scientific basis for the
ongoing public-policy debate.
Liio Donnkk received his Ph.D. in Geophysical Sciences from the University of
Chicago in 1
983.
His research focuses on atmospheric general circulation modeling,
especially the treatment of clouds and convective processes. He has served as the
science chair of the Global Atmospheric Model Development Team at NOAA s
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory at Princeton University and a co-chair of
the Atmospheric Model Working Group for the Community Atmosphere Model at
NCAR in Boulder, Colorado. These models are often regarded as the two leading
atmospheric general circulation models for climate studies in the United States. Leo
Donner
is also a lecturer in the Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at
Princeton University. He serves on the advisory board for the journal Tellus and has
been an editor of the Journal of Climate.
|
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| spellingShingle | The development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity, synthesis, and computation Mathematisches Modell (DE-588)4114528-8 gnd Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (DE-588)4202863-2 gnd |
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| title | The development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity, synthesis, and computation |
| title_auth | The development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity, synthesis, and computation |
| title_exact_search | The development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity, synthesis, and computation |
| title_full | The development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity, synthesis, and computation ed. by Leo Donner ... |
| title_fullStr | The development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity, synthesis, and computation ed. by Leo Donner ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | The development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity, synthesis, and computation ed. by Leo Donner ... |
| title_short | The development of atmospheric general circulation models |
| title_sort | the development of atmospheric general circulation models complexity synthesis and computation |
| title_sub | complexity, synthesis, and computation |
| topic | Mathematisches Modell (DE-588)4114528-8 gnd Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation (DE-588)4202863-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Mathematisches Modell Allgemeine atmosphärische Zirkulation Aufsatzsammlung |
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