Verfügbarkeit: Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals

Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals: from monomers to polymers

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Kumar, Sandeep (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Boca Raton [u.a.] CRC Press 2011
Schriftenreihe:	Liquid crystals book series
Schlagworte:	Liquid crystals Polymer liquid crystals Flüssigkristalline Polymere
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	Includes bibliographical references and index
Beschreibung:	XV, 501 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9781439811436

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MARC


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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................................xiii Author ..............................................................................................................................................xv Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................1 1.1 Self-Organization of Molecules and Liquid Crystals ........................................1 1.1.1 Liquid Crystals as an Intermediate Phase (Mesophase) of Matter ......2 1.2 Brief History of Liquid Crystals ........................................................................4 1.3 Classification of Liquid Crystals .......................................................................6 1.4 Lyotropic Liquid Crystals ..................................................................................7 1.5 Thermotropic Liquid Crystals .........................................................................10 1.6 Calamitic Liquid Crystals ...............................................................................10 1.6.1 Nematic Phase .................................................................................... II 1 .6.2 Chiral Nematic Phase .........................................................................11 1.6.3 Smectic Phases ...................................................................................12 1.6.4 Smectic C* Phase ................................................................................14 1.6.5 Ferro-, Antiferro-, and Ferrielectric Chiral Smectic С Phases ..........14 1.7 Bent-Core Liquid Crystals ...............................................................................15 1.8 Discotic Liquid Crystals ..................................................................................18 1.8.1 Structure of the Discotic Mesogens ...................................................19 1 .8.2 Characterization of Discotic Liquid Crystal Phases ..........................20 1.9 Structure of the Nematic Phases of Discotic Mesogens ..................................20 1.10 Smectic Phases of Discotic Mesogens .............................................................22 1.11 Columnar Phases of Discotic Mesogens .........................................................22 11.1 Hexagonal Columnar Mesophase .......................................................23 1.2 Rectangular Columnar Mesophase ....................................................25 .3 Columnar Oblique Mesophase ...........................................................26 .4 Columnar Plastic Mesophase .............................................................26 .5 Columnar Helical (H) Phase ..............................................................26 .6 Columnar Lamellar Mesophase .........................................................27 .7 Columnar Square (Tetragonal) Phase ................................................28 1.12 Cubic Phase .....................................................................................................28 1.13 Alignment of Discotic Liquid Crystals ...........................................................29 1.13.1 Alignment Control Techniques for Discotic Nematic Liquid Crystals ...............................................................................................30 1.13.2 Alignment Control Techniques for the Discotic Columnar Phase .....32 1.13.2.1 Planar Alignment of Discotic Columnar Phase .................33 1.13.2.2 Homeotropic Alignment of Discotic Columnar Phases .....38 1 .13.2.3 Alignment of Discotic Liquid Crystals in Pores .................41 References ..................................................................................................................42 Chapter 2 Monomeric Discotic Liquid Crystals .........................................................................49 2.1 Benzene Core ...................................................................................................49 2.2 Naphthalene Core ............................................................................................74 2.3 Phenanthrene Core ..........................................................................................76 vii viii Contents 2.4 Anthraquinone Core ........................................................................................78 2.4.1 Rufigallol-Hexa-n-Alkanoates............................................................79 2.4.2 Octa-Alkanoyloxy-^IO-Anthraquinones...........................................80 2.4.3 Hexa-n-Alkoxyrufigallols...................................................................81 2.4.4 Mixed Tail Hexaalkoxyrufigallols .....................................................82 2.4.5 Mono-Hydroxy-Pentaalkoxyrufigallols..............................................83 2.4.6 Rufigallol-Based Discotic-Calamitic Hybrids ....................................86 2.4.7 Rufigallol-Based Discotic Metallomesogens.....................................89 2.5 PyreneCore.....................................................................................................90 2.6 Triphenylene Core ...........................................................................................94 2.6.1 Symmetrical Triphenylene Hexaethers..............................................95 2.6.2 Symmetrical Triphenylene Hexaesters.............................................101 2.6.3 Unsymmetrical Triphenylene Derivatives........................................102 2.6.4 Hydroxy-Alkoxy-TPs........................................................................109 2.6.5 Discotics Derived from Hydroxy-Alkoxy-TPs .................................113 2.6.6 Discotics Derived from Hexaalkoxy-TPs .........................................119 2.6.6.1 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution in Hexaalkoxy-TPs............................................................119 2.6.6.2 Chromium-Arene Complex of Hexaalkoxy-TPs ...............123 2.6.7 Thermal Behavior of Unsymmetrical Triphenylene Discotics .........123 2.6.8 Discotics Derived from 2,3,6,7,10,1 1-Hexabromo-TP ......................138 2.6.8.1 Hexathioethers and Selenoethers ......................................138 2.6.8.2 Hexaalkynyltriphenylenes ................................................140 2.6.8.3 Hexaphenyltriphenylenes ..................................................141 2.6.9 Trisubstituted Triphenylene Discotics ..............................................142 2.6.10 Physical Studies ................................................................................143 2.7 Perylene Core ................................................................................................143 2.7.1 3,4,9,10-Tetra-(n-Alkoxycarbonyl)-Perylenes ...................................143 2.7.2 Perylene Bisimides ...........................................................................145 2.8 Dibenzofg^chrysene Core ...........................................................................151 2.9 Dibenzof/g.opjnaphthacene Core ..................................................................156 2.10 TruxeneCore .................................................................................................162 2.11 Decacyclene Core ..........................................................................................165 2.12 Hexabenzocoronene Core ..............................................................................167 2.12.1 Hexa-Ca/a-Hexabenzocoronene ......................................................183 2.12.2 Larger Discotic Cores (Graphenes) ..................................................184 2.13 Macrocyclic Cores .........................................................................................186 2.13.1 Tribenzocyclononatriene Core .........................................................186 2.13.2 Tetrabenzocyclododecatetraene Core ...............................................189 2.13.3 Metacyclophane ................................................................................191 2.13.4 Phenylacetylene Macrocycles ...........................................................193 2.14 Miscellaneous Aromatic Cores .....................................................................198 2.14.1 Indene and Pseudoazulene: Discotics without Flexible Aliphatic Chains ...............................................................................................198 2.14.2 Benzo[b]triphenylene Core ...............................................................198 2.14.3 Tetraphenylenes ................................................................................200 2.14.4 TetrabenzolaAhjJanthraceneCore ..................................................200 2.14.5 Helicene Discotics ............................................................................202 2.14.6 Tetrahedral and Other Low Aspect Ratio Organic Materials ..........203 2.15 TriazineCore .................................................................................................203 2.16 Phenazines .....................................................................................................219 Contents 2.16.1 Bisphenazines...................................................................................220 2.16.2 Dibenzophenazines..........................................................................221 2.16.3 Dibenzoquinoxaline.........................................................................224 2.17 Hexaazatriphcnylene Core .............................................................................225 2.17.1 Hexaazatrinaphthylenc.....................................................................228 2.18 Hcterotruxcnes...............................................................................................233 2.18.1 Oxatruxcnc.......................................................................................233 2.18.2 Thiatruxene......................................................................................233 2.18.3 Triindole...........................................................................................235 2.19 Tricycloquinazoline Core ..............................................................................237 2.20 Porphyrin Core ..............................................................................................242 2.20.1 ß-Substiluted Porphyrin Derivatives................................................243 2.20.2 Afť.w-Substituted Porphyrins...........................................................248 2.20.3 Miscellaneous Porphyrin Derivatives..............................................257 2.21 Porphy razine Core......................................................................................... 261 2.22 PhthalocyanineCore .....................................................................................267 2.22.1 Octaalkoxymethyl-Substituted Phthaloeyanines..............................268 2.22.2 Oelaalkoxy-Subslituted Phthaloeyanines.........................................270 2.22.3 Octaalkyl-Substituted Phthaloeyanines...........................................273 2.22.4 Oetathioalkyl-Substituted Phthaloeyanines.....................................274 2.22.5 Oetathiaalkylmethyl-Substituted Phthaloeyanines..........................276 2.22.6 Peripheral Octaalkoxyphenyl- and Alkoxyphenoxy-Substitutcd Phthaloeyanines................................................................................276 2.22.7 Octaalkyl Esters of Phthalocyanine .................................................279 2.22.8 Non-Peripherally Substituted Oetaalkyl and Octaalkoxymethyl Phthaloeyanines................................................................................281 2.22.9 Non-Symmetrieal Octa-, Hepta-, Hexa-, and Penta-Substituted Phthaloeyanines................................................................................283 2.22.10 Unsymmetrical Non-Peripheral Phthaloeyanines............................286 2.22.11 Tetraalkoxy-Substituted Phthaloeyanines........................................287 2.22.12 Tetrathiaalkyl- and Tetraalkylthiamethyl-Substituted Phthaloeyanines..................................................................................287 2.22. 1 3 Tetraesters ot Phthalocyanine..........................................................289 2.22.14 Crown-Ether-Substituted Phthaloeyanines......................................290 2.22.15 Core-Extended M ас rod і scot i c Phthaloeyanines ................................292 2.22.16 Subphthaloeyanines ..........................................................................295 2.22.17 Miscellaneous Compounds Structurally Related to Phthaloeyanines ..................................................................................297 2.23 Miscellaneous Discotic Metallomesogens ....................................................297 2.23.1 ß-Diketonate Complexes ..................................................................298 2.23.2 Tri- and Tetraketonate Complexes ...................................................300 2.23.3 Dithiolene Complexes ......................................................................301 2.23.4 Dioximato Complexes ......................................................................302 2.23.5 Cyclic Pyrazole-Metal Complexes ..................................................303 2.23.6 Dibenzotetraazal^lannulene Complexes ........................................304 2.23.7 Ionic Metal lomesogens .....................................................................305 2.23.8 BisisalicylaldiminatojmetaHII) Complexes ......................................305 2.23.9 Schiff Base Lanthanide and Actinide Complexes ............................307 2.24 Miscellaneous Heterocyclic Cores ................................................................307 2.24.1 Benzopyranobenzopyran-Dione .......................................................307 2.24.2 Benzotrisfuran ..................................................................................308 Contents 2.24.3 Pyrillium and Dithiolium Salts ........................................................311 2.24.4 Bispyran and Bisthiopyran...............................................................312 2.24.5 Cyclotriphosphazines.......................................................................312 2.24.6 Tetraoxafflcirculene.........................................................................313 2.24.7 Tetraazopyrene, BenzoMcinnoline, and DibenzoIceHl^] thiazine.........................................................................................313 2.24.8 Tristyrylpyridine..............................................................................316 2.24.9 Tristriazolotriazine...........................................................................317 2.24.10 Benzotriimidazole............................................................................317 2.24.11 Triphenylamine Core ........................................................................319 2.25 Non-Aromatic Cores...................................................................................... 319 2.25.1 Cyclohexane .....................................................................................319 2.25.2 Glucopyranose ..................................................................................321 2.25.3 Azamacrocycles...............................................................................322 References ................................................................................................................323 Chapter 3 Discotic Dimers ........................................................................................................361 3.1 Benzene-Based Discotic Dimers ...................................................................361 3.1.1 Alkynylbenzene-Based Discotic Dimers .........................................362 3.2 Scylloinositol Dimer ......................................................................................366 3.3 Discotic Dimers Derived from Pyranose Sugars ..........................................366 3.4 Rufigallol-Based Discotic Dimers .................................................................367 3.5 Triphenylene-Based Discotic Dimers ............................................................368 3.5.1 Symmetrical Triphenylene Discotic Dimers ....................................368 3.5.2 Hydrogen-Bonded Symmetrical Triphenylene Discotic Dimers .....378 3.5.3 Nonsymmetrical Triphenylene Discotic Dimers ..............................379 3.6 Cyclotetraveratrylene Dimer .........................................................................380 3.7 Phthalocyanine-Based Discotic Dimers ........................................................381 3.7.1 Phthalocyanine Dimers Connected through Flexible Spacers .........381 3.7.2 Phthalocyanine Double-Deckers ......................................................382 3.8 Porphyrin Double-Deckers ............................................................................386 3.9 Hexabenzocoronene-Based Dimers ..............................................................388 References ................................................................................................................391 Chapter 4 Discotic Oligomers ...................................................................................................395 4.1 Discotic Trimers ............................................................................................395 4.1.1 Triphenylene-Based Discotic Trimers ..............................................395 4.1.2 Trisaccharide Discotics ....................................................................399 4.1.3 Multiyne-Based Discotic Trimers ....................................................399 4.1.4 Phthalocyanine and Porphyrin Discotic Trimers .............................400 4.1.5 Hexabenzocoronene Discotic Trimers .............................................403 4.2 Discotic Tetramers .........................................................................................403 4.3 Discotic Pentamers ........................................................................................408 4.4 Discotic Hexamers .........................................................................................409 4.5 Star-Shaped Discotic Heptamers ...................................................................410 References ................................................................................................................412 Contents ChapterS Discolie Polymers .....................................................................................................415 5.1 Benzene-Based Discotic Polymers ................................................................415 5.2 Al kynylbcnzene-Based Discotic Polymers ...................................................418 5.3 Rufigallol-Based Main-Chain Discotic Polymers .........................................421 5.4 Triphenylene-Based Polymers .......................................................................422 5.4.1 Triphenylene-Based Side-Chain Polymers .......................................423 5.4.2 Triphenylene-Based Main-Chain Polymers .....................................431 5.4.3 Triphenylene-Based Discotic Elastomers .........................................435 5.4.4 Triphenylene-Based Hyperbranched Polymer ..................................436 5.4.5 Triphenylene-Based Discotic Compensation Films .........................436 5.5 Cycloletraveratrylene-Based Polymers ..........................................................437 5.6 Phthalocyanine-Based Polymers ...................................................................438 5.7 Hexabenzocoronene-Based Polymers ...........................................................441 References ................................................................................................................443 Chapter 6 Perspectives ..............................................................................................................447 6.1 Discotics for Wide Viewing Displays ............................................................447 6.1.1 Optical Compensation Films for Liquid Crystal Displays ...............447 6. 1 .2 Discotic Nematic Materials as Active Component in LCDs ............449 6.1.3 Thin Film E-Polarizer from Discotic Nematic Lyo-Mesophases .... 450 6.2 Discotics for High-Quality Carbon Products ................................................452 6.2.1 Carbonaceous Mesophase ................................................................452 6.2.2 Carbon Nanostructures from Discotics ............................................453 6.3 Discotic Liquid Crystals as Materials for a New Generation of Organic Electronics .....................................................................................................454 6.3. 1 One-Dimensional Electrical and Photoconductivity in DLCs .........455 6.3.2 Steady-State Photoconductivity .......................................................459 6.3.3 Charge-Carrier Mobility in Columnar Phases .................................460 6.3.3.1 Time-of-Flight Technique .................................................461 6.3.3.2 Pulse-Radiolysis Time-Resolved Microwave Conductivity Technique ....................................................463 6.4 Discotic Solar Cells .......................................................................................476 6.5 Discotic Liquid Crystals as Organic Light-Emitting Diode Materials .........478 6.6 Discotic Field Effect Transistors ...................................................................481 References ................................................................................................................482 Index ..............................................................................................................................................493
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spelling	Kumar, Sandeep Verfasser aut Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers Sandeep Kumar Boca Raton [u.a.] CRC Press 2011 XV, 501 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Liquid crystals book series Includes bibliographical references and index Liquid crystals Polymer liquid crystals Flüssigkristalline Polymere (DE-588)4221742-8 gnd rswk-swf Flüssigkristalline Polymere (DE-588)4221742-8 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022536656&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Kumar, Sandeep Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers Liquid crystals Polymer liquid crystals Flüssigkristalline Polymere (DE-588)4221742-8 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4221742-8
title	Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers
title_auth	Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers
title_exact_search	Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers
title_full	Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers Sandeep Kumar
title_fullStr	Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers Sandeep Kumar
title_full_unstemmed	Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers Sandeep Kumar
title_short	Chemistry of discotic liquid crystals
title_sort	chemistry of discotic liquid crystals from monomers to polymers
title_sub	from monomers to polymers
topic	Liquid crystals Polymer liquid crystals Flüssigkristalline Polymere (DE-588)4221742-8 gnd
topic_facet	Liquid crystals Polymer liquid crystals Flüssigkristalline Polymere
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022536656&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT kumarsandeep chemistryofdiscoticliquidcrystalsfrommonomerstopolymers

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