Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates: 5 Mammals
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Elsevier/Acad. Press
2011
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | XIX,380 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780123749284 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates |n 5 |p Mammals |c [eds.:] David O. Norris ... |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Elsevier/Acad. Press |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a XIX,380 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Literaturangaben | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a hormones |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a reproduction |2 cabt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a mammals |2 cabt | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
Contents
Series
Preface
Volume Preface
Contributors
1.
Sexual
Differentiation
of the Mammalian Brain
XV
xvii
xix
1.
Introduction
1
2.
Historical Overview
2
2.1.
Phoenix, Goy, Gerall, and Young:
1959
2
2.2.
Modern Views
—
Where Science and
Society Collide
2
3.
The Organizational/Activational Hypothesis
of Sexual Differentiation
3
3.1.
Basic Principles of Hormone Action
3
3.2.
Sensitive Periods
5
3.3.
The Role of Aromatization
5
3.4.
Masculinization, Feminization, and
Defeminization
6
3.5.
Brain vs. Behavior
6
3.6.
Challenges to the Dogma
8
4.
Advances in Mechanisms
10
4.1.
Cell Birth and Cell Death
10
4.2.
Old Players with New Roles
11
4.3.
New Players with Old Roles
12
4.4.
The Need for and Consequences of
Cell-to-cell Communication
14
5.
Summary and Future Directions
16
References
17
2.
Neuroendocrine
Control
of Gonadotropins in Mammals
25
1.
Introduction to Gonadotropins
25
1.1.
The Discovery of Hypothalamic Releasing
Factors
25
1.2.
The Organization of the Mammalian
Pituitary Gland
26
2.
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)
27
2.1.
The Development of Gonadotropin-
releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons:
Cell Fate Specification
28
2.2.
Development of Gonadotropin-releasing
Hormone (GnRH) Neurons:
Neuronal
Migration
29
2.3.
Development of Gonadotropin-releasing
Hormone (GnRH) Neurons: Axonal
Targeting
30
2.4.
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)
Neurons are Anatomically Unique
30
2.5.
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)
is Structurally Conserved
31
2.6.
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)
Release is Pulsatile
33
3.
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)
Receptors
34
3.1.
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)
Receptor Regulation in Gonadotropes
35
3.2.
GnRH-l Receptor Signaling Pathways
36
3.3.
Gonadotropin-reieasing Hormone (GnRH)
Pulsatility Differentially Regulates
Gonadotropins (GTHs)
36
4.
Conclusions
37
References
38
3.
Endocrine and Paracrine Regulation
of Mammalian Spermatogenesis
45
1.
Overview of Spermatogenesis
45
2.
Regulation of Stem Spermatogonia Via Growth
Factors and Paracrine Interactions
46
2.1.
Characteristics of Stem Spermatogonia
46
2.2.
Replication and Differentiation of Stem
Spermatogonia in their Niche
46
2.3.
Glial-derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)
and Other Growth Factors in the Stem
Spermatogonia Niche
47
2.4.
Regulation of
Sertoli
Cell Function by
Differentiated Spermatogenetic Cells and
the Implications of this Regulation for the
Function of the Stem Spermatogonial
Niche
48
3.
Endocrine Regulation of Spermatogenesis
49
3.1.
Leydig Cells and Testosterone (T)
Production
49
VII
Contents
3.2.
Mechanising) by which Testosterone (T)
Acts to Drive Spermatogenesis: The Role
of
Androgen
Receptors (ARs)
49
3.3.
Androgen
Receptor
(AR)
Expression is
Stage-specific and Specific Stages of
Spermatogenesis are Androgen-dependent
50
3.4.
Testosterone (T) and Spermatogenesis
51
3.5.
Male Hormonal Contraception
52
3.6.
Male Infertility
52
4.
Future Directions
52
Acknowledgments
53
References
53
4.
The Endocrinology of the Mammalian
Ovary
59
1.
Introduction
59
2. Embryogenesis
of the Ovary
59
2.1.
Oogénesis
60
2.2.
Folliculogenesis
60
2.2.1.
Ovarian steroidogenesis
62
2.3.
Puberty
63
3.
The Ovarian Cycle
63
3.1.
The Follicular Phase of the Ovarian Cycle
64
3.2.
Ovulation
64
3.3.
The Luteal Phase of the Ovarian Cycle
65
4.
Ovarian
Lifespan
and Reproductive Aging
66
5.
Ovarian Events and Reproductive Cycles
of Selected Mammals
66
5.1.
The Four-day-cycling Rat
67
5.2.
The Ewe
67
5.3.
Women
68
5.4.
The Elephant
69
6.
Future Research Needs
69
References
70
5.
Hormones and Pregnancy
in Eutherian Mammals
1.
Introduction
1.1.
Corpus Luteum (CL) Formation and
Regression
1.2.
Pregnancy Recognition Signals for
Maintenance of the Corpus Luteum (CL)
1.3.
Luteimzing Hormone (LH), Chorionic
Gonadotropin
(CG),
and their Receptor
(LHCGR)
1.4.
Progesterone (P4) and Progesterone
Receptors (PRs)
1.5.
Relaxin(RLX)
1.6.
Chorionic Somatomammotropin
Hormone (CSH1)
73
2.
The Menstrual Cycle, Luteolysis, and
Pregnancy in Primates (Homo Sapiens and
Macaca
Mulatta)
77
2.1.
The Menstrual Cycle
77
2.2.
Pregnancy
77
3.
Estrous Cycles, Luteolysis, Pseudopregnancy,
Delayed Implantation, and Pregnancy in
Subprimate
Mammals
81
3.1.
Rodents: Rat (Rattus norvegicus), Mouse
(Mus musculus),
Guinea Pig
(Cavia porcellus)
81
3.1.1.
The estrous cycle and luteolysis
81
3.1.2.
Pseudopregnancy and pregnancy
81
3.1.3.
Rodent decidual prolactin (PRL)-like
proteins and placental lactogens
82
3.2.
Ruminants
82
3.2.1.
The estrous cycle and luteolysis
82
3.2.2.
Pregnancy
83
3.2.3.
Cows
84
3.2.4.
Goats
84
3.2.5.
Sheep
84
3.3.
Swine
(Sus
domestica)
84
3.3.1.
The estrous cycle and luteolysis
84
3.3.2.
Pregnancy
85
3.4.
Horses (Equus ferus caballus)
87
3.4.1.
The estrous cycle and luteolysis
87
3.4.2.
Pregnancy
87
3.5.
Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
87
3.5.1.
The ovarian cycle and estrus
87
3.5.2.
Pregnancy
88
3.6.
Domestic Cats (Felis catus)
89
3.6.1.
The estrous cycle
89
3.6.2.
Pregnancy
89
3.7.
Domestic Dogs
(Canis
lupus
familiáris)
90
3.7.1.
The ovarian cycle and estrus
90
3.7.2.
Pregnancy
90
4.
Summary and Conclusions
90
5.
Future Research
91
References
92
73
6.
The Comparative Physiology of Parturition
73
in Mammals: Hormones and Parturition
in Mammals
95
74
1.
Introduction
95
2.
What Determines Gestation Length?
97
74 3.
How are Fetal Maturation and Parturition
Synchronized?
100
75 4.
How Does the Fetus Signal the Initiation
76
of Labor?
101
4.1.
A More Complicated Case: The Corpus
77
Luteum-dependent Species
101
Contents
4.2.
The Role of the Fetal Hypothalamus-
pituitary—adrenal
(ΗΡΑ)
Axis in the
Initiation of Parturition
4.3.
Signals from the Fetal Lungs
5.
How are the Uterotonic Mechanisms
Activated?
5.1.
The Sex Steroids: Progesterone (P4)
and Estrogens
5.2.
Inflammatory Mediators: Prostaglandins
(PCs) and Cytokines
5.3.
Oxytocin (OXY)
5.4.
Electrical Conductivity of the
Myometrium
6.
Conclusions
References
7.
Stress and Reproduction in
Mammals
1.
Introduction
2.
Effects of Food Restriction
3.
Effects of Stress on Immunity and
Reproduction
4.
Effects of Other
Stressors
4.1.
Females
4.2.
Males
5.
Role of
ΗΡΑ
Activation
(Glucocorticoids and CRH)
6.
Implications for Wildlife
7.
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
8.
Behavioral Neuroendocrinology of
Reproduction in Mammals
7.
Relevant
Neurotransmitters
and
Neuropeptides
147
102 7.1.
Females
147
104 7.1.1.
Norepinephrine
(NE)
148
7.1.2.
Acetylcholine (ACh)
149
104 7.1.3.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
(GnRH)
149
104 7.1.4.
Opiates
149
7.2.
Neurotransmitters
that Act in Both
108
Sexes
149
110 7.2.1.
Dopamine(DA)
150
7.2.2.
Serotonin (5-HT)
150
110 7.2.3.
Oxytocin (OXY)
151
111 7.2.4.
a-Melanocyte-stimulating
112
hormone (MSH, or
melanotropin)
8.
Gonad-independent Sexual Behavior
9.
Genetics of Sexual Behavior
117 10.
Neuroendocrinology of Human Sexual
117
119
121
124
124
125
126
128
129
130
130
139
1.
Introduction
139
2.
Description of Male and Female Sexual
Behavior (MSB/FSB)
139
3.
The Role of Gonadal Steroids in Sexual
Behavior
141
4.
Neural Circuitry Regulating Sexual Behavior
142
4.1.
Chemosensory Inputs to Male Sexual
Behavior (MSB)
142
4.2.
Neural Circuitry Regulating Lordosis
142
5.
Steroid Receptors and Sexual Behavior
144
5.1.
Males
144
5.2.
Females
145
6.
Ligand-independent Activation of Steroid
Receptors
146
11.
Behavior
10.1.
Men
10.2.
Women
Summary
References
9.
Pheromones and Reproduction in
Mammals
1.
Introduction
1.1.
Scope
1.2.
Pheromones
1.3.
Chemosensory Systems
1.4.
Organization
2.
Social Odors and Physiology
2.1.
Responses by Females
2.1.1.
Puberty acceleration
2.1.2.
Puberty delay
2.1.3.
inhibition of ovarian cyclicity
2.1.4.
Facilitation of ovarian cyclicity
2.1.5.
Ovarian synchrony
2.1.6.
Pregnancy blockage
2.2.
Responses by Males
2.2.1.
Reproductive development
2.2.2.
Sperm allocation
2.2.3.
Hormone release
3.
Social Odors and Behavior
3.1.
Responses by Females
3.1.1.
Attraction and investigation
3.1.2.
Scent marking
3.2.
Responses by Males
152
152
153
156
156
157
158
159
175
175
175
175
176
176
176
176
176
177
178
178
179
179
180
180
180
180
181
181
181
182
182
Contents
3.2.1.
Attraction and investigation
3.2.2.
Vocalizations
3.3.
Copulatory Behavior
4.
Conclusions
References
182 8.1.
Monotremes
183 8.2.
Marsupials
184 9.
Summary and Conclusions
184
References
186
208
208
208
208
10.
Reproductive Endocrinology of
Prototherians and Metatherians
195
11.
Hormones and Reproductive
Cycles in Rodents
215
1.
The Prototherians and Metatherians:
The Other' Mammals
195
1.1.
Prototherians: Monotremes
195
1.2.
Metatherians: Marsupials
196
2.
Endocrine Control of Sexual Differentiation
in Monotremes and Marsupials
196
2.1.
Monotremes
196
2.2.
Marsupials
196
3.
The Ovarian Cycle in Monotremes and
Marsupials
197
3.1.
Monotremes
197
3.2.
Marsupials
197
3.2.1.
Type
1:
Short gestation, long
luteal phase
199
3.2.2.
Type
2:
Short gestation,
prolonged luteal phase
199
3.2.3.
Type
3:
Long gestation, delayed
luteal phase
199
4.
Control of Ovarian Cycles in Monotremes
and Marsupials
201
4.1.
Monotremes
201
4.2.
Marsupials
201
5.
Hormonal Regulation of Birth in
Monotremes and Marsupials
202
5.1.
Monotremes
202
5.2.
Marsupials
202
6.
Embryonic Diapause and Gestational
Developmental Arrest
203
6.1.
Embryonic Diapause
203
6.2.
Gestational Developmental Arrest
203
7.
Regulation of the Testicular Cycle in
Monotremes and Marsupials
204
7.1.
Monotremes
204
7.2.
Marsupials
204
7.2.1.
Type
1:
Seasonal reproductive
cycle followed by complete
spermatogenetic collapse
204
7.2.2.
Type
2:
Seasonal reproductive
cycle with testicular involution
207
7.2.3.
Type
3:
Seasonal reproductive
cycle with continuous
spermatogenetic activity
207
8.
Control of Testicular Function in Monotremes
and Marsupials
208
1.
Introduction
215
2.
Food Availability
215
2.1.
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms Regulating
the Reproductive Response to Food
Availability
216
2.1.1.
Developmental effects of food
availability
217
2.1.2.
Hibernation
217
3.
Photoperiod
217
3.1.
Seasonal Breeding
217
3.2.
Neural Mechanisms for Photoperiodic
Information
218
3.3.
Kisspeptin
219
3.4.
RFamide-related
Peptide (RFRP)
219
3.5.
Thyroid Hormones
219
3.6.
Pubertal
Timing
220
3.7.
Intraspecies Variation in Photoperiod
Responsiveness
220
3.8.
Spontaneous Recrudescence
221
3.9.
Female Reproduction and Sex
Differences in Response to Photoperiod
221
3.10.
Unmasking Techniques and Non-
photoresponsive Species
221
4.
Water Availability
222
5.
Temperature
223
6.
Social Cues
223
6.1.
Reproductive Suppression in Social
Mole-rats
223
6.1.1.
Naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus
glaber)
224
6.1.2.
Damaraland mole-rats (Cryptomys
damarensis)
224
6.1.3.
Mashona mole-rats
(Cryptomys darlingi)
225
6.1.4.
Ansel Is mole-rats
(Fukomys anselli)
225
6.1.5.
Common mole-rats {Cryptomys
hottentotus hottentotus)
225
6.1.6.
Highveld mole-rats (Cryptomys
hottentotus pretoriae)
226
6.2.
Reproductive Suppression in Solitary
Mole-rats
226
6.2.1.
Cape dune mole-rats
(Bathyergus suillus)
226
Contents
6.2.2. Cape
mole-rats {Georychus
capensis)
226
6.3.
Reproductive Suppression and Kin
Recognition in Other Rodent Species
226
6.3.1.
Cactus mice (Peromyscus
eremicus)
226
6.3.2.
Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)
226
6.3.3.
Pine voles {Microtus pinetorum)
227
6.3.4.
Mongolian gerbils (Meriones
unguiculatus)
227
6.3.5.
Alpine marmots
(Marmota
marmota)
and field studies of
other species
227
6.4.
Spontaneous vs. Induced (Reflex)
Ovulators
227
6.5.
Postpartum
and Lactational Estrus
228
7.
Small Rodent Population Cycles
230
8.
Other Ecological Factors Affecting
Reproduction
230
8.1.
Personality and Individual Differences
230
8.2.
Parasite Load
230
8.3.
Compounds Available in Green Plants
230
9.
Conclusions
230
9.1.
Species Differences
230
9.2.
Sex Differences
231
9.3.
Individual Differences
231
9.4.
Field vs. Laboratory Studies
231
References
231
12.
Hormones and Reproductive
Cycles in Bats
241
241
1.
Introduction
1.1.
The
Hypothalamus—
pituitary—
gonad
(HPG) Axis in Bats
241
2.
Bat Reproductive Cycles
242
2.1.
Patterns of Reproductive Cycles
242
2.1.1.
Reproduction in temperate-zone
bats
242
2.1.1.1.
Reproductive pattern
type I
242
2.1.1.2.
Reproductive pattern
type II
242
2.1.2.
Reproduction in tropical bats
243
2.1.2.1.
Seasonal monoestry
243
2.1.2.2.
Bimodal polyestry
244
2.1.2.3.
Seasonal polyestry
244
2.1.2.4.
Aseasonal polyestry
244
3.
Reproductive Delays in Bats
244
3.1.
Delayed
Ovulation
244
3.2.
Delayed Fertilization
245
3.3.
Delayed Implantation
247
3.4.
Delayed Development
248
4.
Hormones and Reproduction in Bats
249
4.1.
Hypothalamic Regulation of Pituitary
Function
250
4.2.
Seasonal Dynamics of the Gonadotropin-
releasing Hormone (GnRH)
Neuronal
System
250
4.3.
Gonadotropins
251
4.4.
Prolactin
(PRL)
253
5.
Hormones and Reproduction in Male Bats
253
5.1.
Reproductive Patterns in Male Bats
254
5.1.1.
Temperate-zone male bats
254
5.1.1.1.
Reproductive pattern
subtype I
254
5.1.1.2.
Reproductive pattern
subtype II
254
5.1.2.
Tropical/subtropical-zone bats
254
5.1.2.1.
Single restricted seasonal
breeding (seasonal
monoestry in females)
255
5.1.2.2.
Single extended seasonal
breeding
255
5.1.2.3.
Single extended
asynchronized breeding
255
5.1.2.4.
Single seasonal breeding
with sperm stored
throughout the year
255
5.1.2.5.
Seasonal bimodal
breeding
255
5.1.2.6.
Seasonal bimodal
breeding with sperm
stored throughout the
year
255
5.1.2.7.
Multiple seasonal
breeding (seasonal
female polyestry)
255
5.1.2.8.
Continuous breeding
throughout the year
(aseasonal polyestry)
255
5.2.
Morphological Changes in Male
Reproductive Tissue
255
5.3.
Spermatogenesis and its Regulation
256
5.4.
Hormonal Changes in Males
257
6.
Hormones and Reproduction of Female Bats
257
6.1.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Female
Reproductive Tract
259
6.1.1.
Reproductive asymmetry
259
6.1.1.1.
Alternating dominance
259
6.1.1.2.
Dextral dominance
259
6.1.1.3.
Sinistrai
dominance
260
6.1.1.4. Contralateral
dominance
260
6.1.1.5.
Symmetric dominance
260
6.1.2.
Unilateral endometrial
involvement
260
Contents
6.1.3. Menstruation 261
6.2.
Ovarian Morphology
261
6.2.1. Follicular
development
261
6.2.1.1.
Pattern I: Prolonged
survival of Graafian
follicles
261
6.2.1.2.
Pattern II: Unilateral
follicular development
and
ovulation
262
6.3.
Ovarian Steroidogenesis and Peripheral
Hormone Concentrations
262
6.4.
The Corpus Luteum (CL)
264
6.5.
Induced
Ovulation
265
7.
Environmental Factors and Additional
Hormones Affecting Reproduction in Bats
266
7.1.
The Roles of Hibernation, Fat
Accumulation, and Leptin
266
7.2.
Environmental Factors Regulating
Reproduction
268
7.3.
Non-Hypothalamus—pituitary—
gonad
(HPG) Hormones Affecting Reproduction
in Bats
271
7.3.1.
The pineal gland
271
7.3.2.
The thyroid
272
7.3.3.
The adrenal cortex
273
7.3.4.
The pancreas
275
8.
Conclusions and Future Directions
275
References
277
13.
Hormones and Reproductive Cycles
in Primates
291
1.
Overview of the Primates
291
2.
Testicular Function and its
Neuroendocrine
Control
291
2.1.
The Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad
(HPG) Axis and
Androgen
Secretion in
Males
292
2.2.
Spermatogenesis
293
3.
Ovarian Function and its
Neuroendocrine
Control
298
3.1.
Overview
298
3.2.
Cyclical Changes in the Ovaries
299
3.2.1.
Folliculogenesis
299
3.2.2.
Ovulation
301
3.2.3.
Corpus luteum formation,
function, and regression
301
3.3.
Cyclical Changes in the Uterus
301
3.4.
Cyclical Changes in the Oviducts
303
3.5.
Cyclical Changes in the Cervix
303
3.6.
Cyclical Changes in the Vagina
303
3.7.
Cyclical Changes in the External
Genitalia
and Sexual Skin
303
3.8.
Neuroendocrine
Control of the Ovarian
Cycle
304
4.
Puberty
304
4.1.
Adrenarche
304
4.2.
Gonadarche
305
4.3.
Neural Control of Gonadarche
305
4.4.
Timing of Puberty
306
5.
Pregnancy
307
5.1.
Overview
307
5.2.
Steroids
308
5.3.
Chorionic Gonadotropin
(CG) 308
5.4.
Chorionic Somatomammotropins (CSs)
309
5.5.
Corticotropin-releasing Hormone
(CRH)
309
5.6.
Leptin
309
6.
Lactation
310
7.
Reproductive Aging
310
8.
Sexual Behavior
311
8.1.
Description
311
8.2.
Hormonal Influences on Sexual Behavior
312
9.
Environmental Influences on Reproduction
313
9.1.
Reproductive Seasonality
313
9.2.
Social Influences on Reproduction
314
9.2.1.
Males
314
9.2.1.1.
Social influences on
reproductive maturation
in males
314
9.2.1.2.
Social influences on
reproduction in adult
males
315
9.2.2.
Females
315
9.2.2.1.
Social influences on
reproductive maturation
in females
315
9.2.2.2.
Social influences on
reproduction in adult
females
316
9.3.
Energetics of Reproduction
316
9.3.1.
Introduction
316
9.3.2.
Energetics of hypothalamic—
pituitary function
317
9.3.3.
Energetics of gonadal function
317
9.3.4.
Energetics of pregnancy
317
9.3.5.
Energetics of lactation
318
10.
Conclusions and Future Directions
318
References
319
14.
Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals
(EDCs) in Mammals
329
1.
Introduction
329
2.
Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals that Affect
Reproduction
331
Contents
3.
Mechanisms of Endocrine-disrupting Chemical
(EDO Action
3.1.
Binding to Members of the Nuclear
Receptor Superfamily
3.1.1.
Genomic estrogen receptors (ERs)
3.1.2.
Nongenomic actions of estrogens
3.1.3.
The
androgen
receptor
(AR)
3.1.4.
Progesterone receptors (PRs)
3.1.5.
Glucocorticoid receptor (GR)
3.1.6.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated
receptors (PPARs)
3.1.7.
Pregnane X receptor (PXR)
3.1.8.
The constitutive active receptor
(CAR)
3.1.9.
Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs)
3.2.
Other Mechanisms of Endocrine-
disrupting Chemical (EDO Action
3.2.1.
Chemicals that alter steroid
hormone synthesis
3.2.2.
Chemicals that alter steroid
hormone metabolism
3.2.3.
Small molecule enhancers of
steroid receptor activity
3.2.4.
Combined mechanisms of action
4.
Adult vs. Developmental Effects
4.1.
Hormone Action in Adulthood
4.2.
Hormone Action During Development
4.3.
Developmental Endocrine-disrupting
Chemical (EDO Exposure Programs
Adult Gene Expression
5.
Levels of Xenoestrogens Relative to
Endogenous Estrogens in
Utero
6. Endpoints
6.1.
Puberty
6.1.1.
Effects on puberty onset in
humans
6.2.
Behavior
6.2.1.
Effects on human behavior
6.3.
Fertility
346
337
6.3.1.
Decreased fertility in animal
models
346
337
6.3.1.1.
Pesticides
346
338
6.3.1.2.
Polychlorinated
338
biphenyls (PCBs)
347
338
6.3.1.3.
Phthalates
347
339
6.3.1.4. Bisphenol
A (BPA)
347
339
6.3.1.5.
Diethylstilbestrol
(DES)
347
6.3.1.6.
Phytoestrogens
347
339
6.3.2.
Effects on fertility in humans
347
339
6.4.
Lesions of the Female Reproductive
Tract
349
340
6.4.1.
Effects on female reproductive
340
tract lesions in humans
350
6.5.
Endometriosis
350
340
6.6.
Mammary Cancer
351
6.6.1.
Effects on mammary cancer in
340
humans
352
6.7.
Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome
(TDS)
353
340
6.8.
Testicular Cancer
353
6.8.1.
Effects on testicular cancer in
340
humans
354
341
6.9.
Cryptorchidism
354
341
6.9.1.
Effects on cryptorchidism in
341
humans
356
341
6.10.
Hypospadias
356
6.10.1.
Effects on hypospadias in
humans
357
342
6.11.
Prostate Cancer
358
6.11.1,
Effects on prostate cancer in
343
humans
358
344
344
345
345
346
7.
Conclusion
References
Species Index
Subject Index
Color plates
359
360
373
375 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)128786493 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV037382063 |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)753078829 (DE-599)BVBBV037382063 |
| discipline | Biologie |
| edition | 1. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV037382063 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-11-11T17:02:02Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780123749284 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-022535161 |
| oclc_num | 753078829 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-188 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-188 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XIX,380 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSearch | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| publisher | Elsevier/Acad. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates 5 Mammals [eds.:] David O. Norris ... 1. ed. Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier/Acad. Press 2011 XIX,380 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben hormones cabt reproduction cabt mammals cabt Fortpflanzung (DE-588)4017982-5 gnd rswk-swf Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 gnd rswk-swf Endokrinologie (DE-588)4014663-7 gnd rswk-swf Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 s Fortpflanzung (DE-588)4017982-5 s DE-604 Endokrinologie (DE-588)4014663-7 s b DE-604 Norris, David O. 1939- Sonstige (DE-588)128786493 oth (DE-604)BV037331006 5 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022535161&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates hormones cabt reproduction cabt mammals cabt Fortpflanzung (DE-588)4017982-5 gnd Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 gnd Endokrinologie (DE-588)4014663-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4017982-5 (DE-588)4051253-8 (DE-588)4014663-7 |
| title | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates |
| title_auth | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates |
| title_exact_search | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates |
| title_full | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates 5 Mammals [eds.:] David O. Norris ... |
| title_fullStr | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates 5 Mammals [eds.:] David O. Norris ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates 5 Mammals [eds.:] David O. Norris ... |
| title_short | Hormones and reproduction of vertebrates |
| title_sort | hormones and reproduction of vertebrates mammals |
| topic | hormones cabt reproduction cabt mammals cabt Fortpflanzung (DE-588)4017982-5 gnd Säugetiere (DE-588)4051253-8 gnd Endokrinologie (DE-588)4014663-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | hormones reproduction mammals Fortpflanzung Säugetiere Endokrinologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022535161&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV037331006 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT norrisdavido hormonesandreproductionofvertebrates5 |