The Cambridge guide to the solar system:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Cambridge Univ. Press
2011
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXIV, 475 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780521198578 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Titel: The Cambridge guide to the solar system
Autor: Lang, Kenneth R.
Jahr: 2011
contents
List of focus elements page ix
List of tables xi
Preface to the second edition xv
Preface to the first edition xvii
Principal units xxv
Part 1 changing views and fundamental concepts
1 Evolving perspectives: a historical prologue 1
1.1 Moving points of light 3
1.2 Telescopes reveal the hitherto unseen 13
1.3 What holds the solar system together? 23
1.4 Physical properties of the Sun 26
1.5 Terrestrial and giant planets 33
1.6 What is inside the major planets? 34
2 The new close-up view from space 36
2.1 Flybys, orbiters, probes and landers 38
2.2 Impact craters 52
2.3 Volcanism 60
2.4 Water 71
3 Atmospheres, magnetospheres and the solar wind 8
o w
3.1 Fundamentals 82
3.2 Atmospheres of the terrestrial planets 87
3.3 Atmospheres of the giant planets 93
3.4 Titan, a satellite with a substantial atmosphere 96
3.5 The planets are inside the expanding Sun 98
3.6 Magnetized planets and magnetospheres 102
3.7 Aurora HI
Part 2 The inner solar system: rocky worlds
4 Restless Earth; third rock from the Sun n?
4.1 Fundamentals 119
4.2 Journey to the center of the Earth 119
vi contents
4.3 Remodeling the Earth's surface 124
4.4 The Earth's changing atmosphere 138
4.5 Space weather 151
5 The Earth's Moon: stepping stone to the planets 158
5.1 Fundamentals 159
5.2 Eclipses of the Moon and Sun 160
5.3 The Moon's face 163
5.4 Apollo expeditions to the Moon 169
5.5 Inside the Moon 177
5.6 The lunar surface 179
5.7 Return to the Moon 186
5.8 The Moon's history 188
5.9 Tides and the once and future Moon 191
5.10 Origin of the Moon 196
6 Mercury: a dense battered world 201
6.1 Fundamentals 202
6.2 A tiny world in the glare of sunlight 202
6.3 Space-age investigations of Mercury 203
6.4 Radar probes of Mercury 204
6.5 A modified Moon-like surface 207
6.6 An iron world 214
6.7 A mysterious magnetic field 215
6.8 Einstein and Mercury's anomalous orbital motion 217
7 Venus:theveiled planet 220
7.1 Fundamentals 221
7.2 Bright, beautiful Venus 221
7.3 Penetrating the clouds of Venus 224
7.4 Unveiling Venus with radar 230
7.5 Volcanic plains on Venus 235
7.6 Highland massifs on Venus 237
7.7 Tectonics on Venus 239
8 Mars: the red pianet 247
8.1 Fundamentals 249
8.2 Planet Mars 250
8.3 The space-age odyssey to Mars 252
8.4 The atmosphere, surface conditions and winds of Mars 253
8.5 The polar regions of Mars 259
8.6 Highs and lows on Mars 262
8.7 Flowing water on Mars long ago 266
8.8 Mars is an ice planet 273
8.9 The search for life on Mars 276
8.10 The mysterious moons of Mars 280
contents vii
Part 3 The giant planets, their satellites and their rings:
worlds of liquid, ice and gas
9 Jupiter:agiant primitive planet 283
9.1 Fundamentals 285
9.2 Stormy weather on Jupiter 286
9.3 Beneath Jupiter's clouds 293
9.4 Introduction to the Galilean satellites 296
9.5 Jupiter's volcanic moon Io 299
9.6 Jupiter's water moon Europa 305
9.7 Jupiter's battered moons, Ganymede and Callisto 309
9.8 Jupiter's mere wisp of a ring 311
10 Saturn: lord ofthe rings 317
10.1 Fundamentals 319
10.2 Winds and clouds on Saturn 321
10.3 Beneath Saturn's clouds 324
10.4 The remarkable rings of Saturn 326
10.5 Introduction to Saturn's moons 335
10.6 Saturn's active water moon Enceladus 337
10.7 Hidden methane lakes and organic dunes on Saturn's moon Titan 341
10.8 Alien worlds, distant ring 345
11 uranus and Neptune
UH
11.1 Fundamentals 349
11.2 Storm clouds on the outer giants 351
11.3 Interiors and magnetic fields of Uranus and Neptune 354
11.4 Rings of Uranus and Neptune 355
11.5 The large moons of Uranus and Neptune 358
Part 4 Remnants of creation: small worlds in the solar system
12 Asteroids and meteorites 355
12.1 The orbits of asteroids 367
12.2 Origin ofthe asteroids 369
12.3 Viewing asteroids from a distance 371
12.4 Spacecraft view asteroids close up 375
12.5 Meteorites 381
13 Colliding worlds 351
13.1 A comet hits Jupiter 392
13.2 Consumed by the Sun 393
13.3 Impacts of asteroids with the Earth 395
13.4 Demise of the dinosaurs 399
13.5 Assessing the risk of death from above 402
13.6 Breaking a date with doomsday 403
viii contents
14 comets 408
14.1 Unexpected appearance of comets 410
14.2 The return of comet Halley 411
14.3 Where do comets come from? 413
14.4 Anatomy of a comet 419
14.5 Two comet tails 422
14.6 Spacecraft glimpse the comet nucleus 423
14.7 Rotating comet nucleus 428
14.8 Comet decay and meteor showers 428
15 Beyond Neptune 435
15.1 Pluto: a small frozen world with companions 436
15.2 Small cold worlds in the outer precincts ofthe planetary system 439
15.3 Edge ofthe solar system 442
Part 5 Origin ofthe solar system and extrasolar planets
16 Brave new worlds 445
16.1 How the solar system came into being 446
16.2 Newborn stars with planet-forming disks 448
16.3 The plurality of worlds 449
16.4 The first discoveries of exoplanets 451
16.5 Hundreds of new worlds circling nearby stars 455
16.6 Searching for habitable planets 457
Author index 461
Subject index 463
Focus elements
Focus 1.1 Location and rotation speed on the Earth page 10
Focus 1.2 Elliptical planetary orbits 13
Focus 1.3 Serendipitous astronomy 14
Focus 1.4 The Titius-Bode law 16
Focus 1.5 Angular resolution 21
Focus 1.6 Light, the fastest thing around 28
Focus 1.7 Taking the Sun's temperature 30
Focus 1.8 Satellite motions and planetary mass 33
Focus 3.1 How hot is a planet? 84
Focus 3.2 Thermal escape of an atmosphere 86
Focus 3.3 Why does Titan have a dense atmosphere? 98
Focus 3.4 Discovery of the solar wind 100
Focus 3.5 Planetary magnetospheres 108
Focus 3.6 Radio broadcasts from Jupiter 109
Focus 4.1 Taking the pulse ofthe Earth 122
Focus 4.2 Mapping the Earth's ocean floor from the top ofthe sea 129
Focus 5.1 Full Moons 164
Focus 5.2 Lunar craters - volcanoes or bombs? 169
Focus 5.3 Black skies on the Moon 174
Focus 5.4 Radioactive dating 189
Focus 5.5 Tidal friction slows the rotation ofthe Earth 194
Focus 5.6 Conservation of angular momentum in the Earth-Moon system 195
Focus 6.1 The Doppler effect 206
Focus 6.2 Names of surface features on Mercury 208
Focus 7.1 Naming features on Venus 234
Focus 8.1 Naming features on Mars 266
Focus 8.2 Microbes from Earth and Mars 280
x List of focus elements
Focus 9.1 Speculations about life in Jupiter's atmosphere 290
Focus 9.2 Stars that do not quite make it 294
Focus 9.3 Life in Europa's ice-covered ocean 308
Focus 10.1 The Roche limit 334
Focus 10.2 Titan could be an early Earth in a deep freeze 343
Focus 12.1 Mining asteroids 374
Focus 12.2 The Dawn mission to asteroids Ceres and Vesta 382
Focus 13.1 The belt of an asteroid 401
Focus 13.2 Searching for cosmic bombs headed our way 406
Focus 13.3 Star Wars in outer space 407
Focus 14.1 Naming comets 412
Focus 14.2 What turns a comet on? 420
Focus 14.3 High-temperature and organic materials found in comet dust return 427
Focus 15.1 New Horizons mission to Pluto and the Kuiper belt 439
Focus 15.2 The heliosphere's outer boundary 442
Focus 16.1 Conservation of angular momentum in the early solar system 448
Focus 16.2 Spiral nebulae and the discovery ofthe expanding Universe 449
Focus 16.3 Determining the mass and orbital distance of an exoplanet 456
Tables
Table 1.1 Mean orbital parameters of the major planets page 14
Table 1.2 Comparison of measured planetary distances from the Sun with
those predicted from the Titius-Bode law 17
Table 1.3 Large planetary satellites 23
Table 1.4 The main rings of Saturn 24
Table 1.5 Physical parameters ofthe Sun 30
Table 1.6 The ten most abundant elements in the Sun 32
Table 1.7 Angular diameter, radius, mass and bulk density ofthe major planets 34
Table 1.8 Distribution of mass in the solar system 34
Table 2.1 Important flyby missions in the solar system 40
Table 2.2 Important orbital missions in the solar system 45
Table 2.3 Landers and probes 52
Table 3.1 Distances, visual albedos, effective temperatures, and mean
temperatures ofthe planets 85
Table 3.2 Percentage composition, surface pressures and surface temperatures
ofthe atmospheres of Venus, Mars and Earth 91
Table 3.3 Percentage composition ofthe Sun and the outer atmospheres ofthe
giant planets 94
Table 3.4 Mean values of solar-wind parameters at the Earth's orbit 101
Table 3.5 Planetary magnetic fields 107
Table 3.6 Frequent spectral features in the aurora emission 114
Table 4.1 Physical properties ofthe Earth 120
Table 4.2 The five most abundant elements in the Earth 120
Table 5.1 Physical properties ofthe Moon 160
Table 5.2 Large impact basins and maria on the Moon 168
Table 5.3 Apollo missions to the Moon 172
Table 5.4 The Clementine and Lunar Prospector missions to the Moon 183
Table 5.5 Voyages to the Moon in the early 21st century 186
xii List of tables
Table 5.6 Radioactive isotopes used for dating 189
Table 5.7 Lunar timescales 190
Table 5.8 Constraints on models for the origin ofthe Moon 197
Table 6.1 Physical properties of Mercury 202
Table 7.1 Physical properties of Venus 221
Table 7.2 Some important American, European, and Soviet missions to Venus 225
Table 7.3 Common features on the surface of Venus and the category of women
used to identify them 235
Table 8.1 Physical properties of Mars 249
Table 8.2 Oppositions of Mars 2001 to 2035 254
Table 8.3 Orbital missions to Mars 255
Table 8.4 Lander missions to Mars 255
Table 8.5 Composition ofthe atmosphere at the surface of Mars 255
Table 8.6 Common features on the surface of Mars 266
Table 8.7 The satellites of Mars 281
Table 9.1 Physical properties of Jupiter 285
Table 9.2 Element abundance in the outer layers of Jupiter and the Sun 293
Table 9.3 Oblateness ofthe giant planets and the Earth 295
Table 9.4 Range of pressures 295
Table 9.5 Properties ofthe Galilean satellites 297
Table 9.6 Major eruptive volcanic centers on lo 303
Table 10.1 Physical properties of Saturn 322
Table 10.2 Saturn's rings 328
Table 10.3 Properties of Saturn's largest moons 336
Table 11.1 Some comparisons of Uranus and Neptune 350
Table 11.2 The five large moons of Uranus 359
Table 12.1 Principal characteristics ofthe three largest asteroids 372
Table 12.2 Physical properties of asteroids visited by spacecraft 377
Table 12.3 Classes of fallen meteorites 385
Table 13.1 The 10 largest identified terrestrial impact craters 399
Table 13.2 The dangers of a lifetime 403
Table 13.3 Very close approaches of asteroids to Earth 405
Table 14.1 Some Great Comets of the 19th and 20th centuries 414
Table 14.2 Thirty-two perihelion passages of comet Halley 415
Table 14.3 Selected short-period comets 417
List of tables xiii
Table 14.4 Structural features of a comet 421
Table 14.5 Imaging missions to comets 423
Table 14.6 Comets associated with meteor showers 431
Table 14.7 The principal annual nighttime meteor showers 433
Table 15.1 Physical characteristics of Pluto 437 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Lang, Kenneth R. 1941- |
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| bvnumber | BV037332708 |
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| edition | 2. ed. |
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| spelling | Lang, Kenneth R. 1941- Verfasser (DE-588)108378039 aut The Cambridge guide to the solar system Kenneth R. Lang Solar system 2. ed. Cambridge Cambridge Univ. Press 2011 XXIV, 475 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Sonnensystem (DE-588)1236963989 gnd rswk-swf Sonnensystem (DE-588)1236963989 g DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022486575&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | The Cambridge guide to the solar system |
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| title_exact_search | The Cambridge guide to the solar system |
| title_full | The Cambridge guide to the solar system Kenneth R. Lang |
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| title_full_unstemmed | The Cambridge guide to the solar system Kenneth R. Lang |
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| title_sort | the cambridge guide to the solar system |
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