Verfügbarkeit: Cognitive psychology

Cognitive psychology: applying the science of the mind

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Robinson-Riegler, Bridget (VerfasserIn), Robinson-Riegler, Gregory (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Boston ; Munich [u.a.] Pearson 2012
Ausgabe:	3. ed., internat. ed.
Schlagworte:	Kognitive Psychologie Cognitive psychology
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	Previous ed.: 2009. - Includes bibliographical references and index
Beschreibung:	XXII, 602 S.
ISBN:	9780205002979 0205002978

Internformat

MARC


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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Contents Preface xii Chapter 1 Cognitive Psychology: A Brief History and Introduction 1 What Is Cognition? 1 The Omnipresence of Cognitive Processes 2 ■ An Interdisciplinary Perspective 4 ■ Stop and Review 4 Psychology в. с. (Before Cognitive Psychology) 5 Psychophysics 5 ■ Structuralism: The Contents of Mental Experience 7 ■ Functionalism: The Functions of Mental Experience 8 ■ Behaviorism: The Rejection of Mental Experience 8 ■ Laying the Foundation for Cognitive Psychology 9 ■ Stop and Review 11 The Emergence of Cognitive Psychology 12 S-R Explanations: Seriously witong? 12 ■ Technological Influences 18 ■ Stop and Review 19 Psychology a. d. (/After the Decline of Behaviorism) 20 Behaviorism Reconsidered 20 ■ Information Processing: A Computer Metaphor for Cognition 21« Connectionism: A Brain Metaphor for Cognition 21 ■ The Brain: More than a Metaphor 24 ш Current Trends in the Study of Cognition 39 ■ Stop and Review 43 VÍ Contents Chapter 2 Perception and Consciousness: Basics of Information Intake 45 Basic Issues in Perception 45 Sensation and Perception 46 ■ Bottom-Up and Top-Down Processing 46 ■ Stop and Review 48 The Basic Tasks of Visual Perception 48 Perceptual Organizational Processes 49 ■ Stop and Review 54 Multisensory Interaction and Integration 55 Synesthesia 55 ■ Comparing the Senses 57 ■ Perception and Action 61 ■ Stop and Review 68 Consciousness 68 Varieties of Consciousness 69 ■ Dissociations in Consciousness 70 ■ Subliminal Perception 75 ■ Stop and Review 82 Chapter 3 Mechanisms of Attention: Monitoring and Noticing Information 83 Attention: What Is It? 84 Attention: Basic Characteristics 84 ■ Pre- Attentive vs. Post-Attentive Processing 85 ■ Stop and Review 87 Visual Attention 88 Types of Visual Attention 88 « Limits in Visual Attention 95 ■ Stop and Review 103 Auditory Attention 104 Selective Attention 104 ■ Divided Attention 110 ■ Stop and Review 115 Automatic Processing 116 The Stroop Effect 116 ■ Characteristics of Automatic Processing 118 ■ Accounts of Automaticky 118 ■ Costs of Automaticky 119 ■ Stop and Review 122 Driving: A Case Study in Attention 123 Driving and Auditory Attention 124 ■ Driving and Visual Attention 126 ■ Stop and Review 128 Contents vu Chapter 4 Immediate Memory: The Control and Manipulation ofinformation 129 The Importance of Executive Attention 130 Stop and Review 133 Immediate Memory: Basic Characteristics 133 Limits in Duration 133 ■ Limits in Capacity 134 ■ Coding 135 ■ Stop and Review 137 Theoretical Frameworks for Immediate Memory 137 The Modal Model 137 ■ The Working Memory Model 140 ■ A Unitary View of Memory 151 ■ Embedded-Process View 153 ■ Something We All Can Agree On: Capacity Limits and Forgetting 153 ■ Stop and Review 158 Who s the Boss? Problems in Executive Control 159 Mind Wandering 159 ■ Ironic Processes of Control 161 ■ The Effects of Stress 163 ■ Improving Executive Function 164 ■ Stop and Review 170 Chapter 5 Objects and Concepts: Identifying and Classifying Information 171 Identification and Classification: An Overview 171 Recognizing from the Bottom Up and the Top Down 173 ■ Object Recognition 173 ■ Theories of Visual Object Recognition 177 ■ Nonvisual Recognition 183 ■ Stop and Review 185 Face Recognition 186 ■ Face Inversion 186 ■ Holistic Processing 188 ■ Is Face Recognition Special ? 189 ■ Individual Differences 190 ■ Self-Recognition 192 ■ Retrieving Names of Faces: Person Recognition 194 ■ Stop and Review 197 Networks and Concepts: The Classification Database 198 Semantic Networks 198 ■ Concepts and Categories 200 ■ Similarity-Based Categorization 202 ■ Essentialist Approach: Concepts as Theories 207 ■ Stop and Review 213 viii Contents Chapter 6 Basic Processes in Long-Term Memory: Encoding and Retrieving Information 215 Fundamental Issues and Distinctions 216 Types of Long-Term Memory 216 ■ A Descriptive Framework: Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval 218 ■ LTM: Modes of Access and Use 219 ■ Stop and Review 223 Encoding Processes in Explicit Long-Term Remembering 223 Attention and Repetition 223 ■ Rehearsal 227 ■ Levels of Processing 229 ■ Self-Reference 230 ■ Fitness-Relevant Processing 232 ■ Organization and Distinctiveness 233 ш Remembering Action 235 ш Transfer Appropriate Processing 238 ■ Stop and Review 241 Retrieval Processes in Long-Term Memory 242 Availability and Accessibility 242 ■ Encoding Specificity 243 ■ Aging and Retrieval 249 ■ Stop and Review 250 Memory and Consciousness 250 ■ Remembering and Knowing 251 ■ Implicit Memory 253 ■ Stop and Review 258 Chapter 7 Autobiographical Memory: Recalling Important Events from Life 259 Everyday Memory 260 Neisser s Challenge: Ecological Validity and Memory Research 260 ■ Stop and Review 262 Autobiographical Memory: Basic Issues and Methodology 262 Memories vs. Facts 263 ■ Methods of Investigation 265 ■ Stop and Review 268 Recalling a Life: Developmental Aspects of Autobiographical Memory 268 Childhood Amnesia 269 ■ The Reminiscence Bump 276 ■ Forgetting 279 ■ Stop and Review 282 Autobiographical Memory Retrieval 283 Encoding Specificity in Autobiographical Memory 283 ■ Effective Cues for Autobiographical Memories 286 ■ Models of Autobiographical Memory Retrieval 288 ■ Involuntary Autobiographical Memories 291 ■ Stop and Review 294 Contents ix Emotion and Autobiographical Remembering 294 Flashbulb Memories 295 ■ Memory for Trauma 299 ■ Mood and Autobiographical Remembering 300 ■ Stop and Review 301 Functions of Autobiographical Memory 302 Communicative Function 302 ■ Emotional Function 303 ■ Directive Function 303 ■ Stop and Review 304 Chapter 8 Malleability in Memory: Processes of Forgetting, Editing, and Distortion 305 The Sins of Memory 306 Stop and Review 308 Eyewitness Memory 308 Encoding and Storage I: Event-Related Factors 309 ■ Encoding and Storage II: Post-Event Factors 313 ■ Retrieval Factors 317 ■ Stop and Review 322 Illusory Memories 322 Simple Events 323 ■ Complex Events 326 ■ False Remembering: Theoretical Frameworks 335 ■ Stop and Review 338 The Recovered Memory Controversy 339 Memories for Traumatic Events: Forgotten, Then Recalled? 339 ■ Remembering and Forgetting Trauma: Ordinary Forgetting or Special Mechanisms? 341 ■ False Memories for Traumatic Events? 343 ■ Answering the Questions 345 ■ Stop and Review 347 Chapter 9 Language I: Basic Issues and Speech Processing 348 Language: Basic Principles 349 Linguists and Psycholinguists 349 ■ Words and Rules 349 ■ Design Features of Language 350 ■ Language in Nonhuman Animals 351 ■ Levels of Analysis 357 ■ Stop and Review 358 Phonology: The Sounds of Language 359 Phones and Phonemes 360 ■ Stop and Review 365 Morphology: From Sounds to Words 365 Producing (or Morphing ) the Spoken Word 366 m Perceiving the Spoken Word 367 ■ Stop and Review 375 Contents Syntax and Semantics: From Words to Sentences 376 Transformational Grammar 377 ■ Stop and Review 384 Pragmatics: The Social Aspects of Language 385 Conversational Structure 385 ■ Gender and Conversation 386 ■ Stop and Review 388 Putting It All Together: Language Production and Perception 389 Speech Production 389 ■ Speech Perception 396 ■ Motor Theory of Speech Perception 396 ■ Auditory Theory of Speech Perception 397 ■ A Re-Assessment: Kind of Special? 398 ■ Stop and Review 399 Chapter 10 Language II: Reading and Comprehending Text 400 Mechanical Aspects of Reading 401 Тор -Down and Bottom-Up Processes in Reading 401 ■ Eye Movements 401 ■ Stop and Review 405 Word Recognition 406 Dyslexia 409 ■ How Should Reading Be Taught? 410 ■ Anglo-Centric Language Studies 411 ■ Reading Myths 413 ■ Stop and Review 417 Sentence Level Processing 418 Sentence Parsing 418 ■ Stop and Review 422 Discourse Comprehension 423 Levels of Representation 423 ■ Structure and Coherence 424 ■ Stop and Review 430 Discourse Memory and Representation 431 Memory for Discourse 431 ■ Models of Discourse Comprehension 435 ■ Metacomprehension 441 ■ Speed Reading? 443 ■ Stop and Review 445 Chapter 11 judgments and Decisions: Using Information to Make Choices 446 Fundamental Concepts 447 The Focus on Errors 448 ■ Dual-Process Views 449 ■ Stop and Review 450 Reasoning 451 Deductive Reasoning 451 ■ Inductive Reasoning 458 ■ Stop and Review 462 Contents XI Judgment 462 The Availability Heuristic 463 ■ The Recognition Heuristic 468 ■ The Representativeness Heuristic 468 ■ The Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristic 474 ■ Biased Evaluation of Our Judgments 476 ■ Stop and Review 480 Decision Making 481 Expected Utility: A Normative Approach 481 ■ Prospect Theory: A Descriptive Approach 483 ■ Emotions and Decision Making 487 ■ Decision Making: Biases or Adaptive Tools? 488 ■ Improving Decision Making 489 ■ Stop and Review 490 Chapter 12 Problems and Goals: Using Information to Arrive at Solutions 492 What Is a Problem? 493 Well-Defined and Ill-Defined Problems 493 ■ Routine and Nonroutine Problems 493 ■ Problem-Solving Research: Some Methodological Challenges 494 ■ Stop and Review 497 Approaches to the Study of Problem Solving 497 Behaviorism: Problem Solving as Associative Learning 497 ■ Gestalt Psychology: Problem Solving as Insight 499 ■ Cognitive Psychology: Problem Solving as Information Processing 500 ■ Stop and Review 501 Problem Representation 502 Rigidity in Problem Representation 503 ■ Individual Differences in Problem Representation 507 ■ Stop and Review 510 Problem Solution 510 Algorithms 510 ■ Heuristics 511 ■ Stop and Review 520 Experts: Masters of Representation and Solution 521 Expert Advantages 522 ■ Expert Disadvantages: Costs of Expertise 525 ■ Stop and Review 527 Insight and Creativity 527 Insight 528 ■ Creativity 536 ■ Stop and Review 541 References 542 Photo Credits 581 Name Index 582 Subject Index 591
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author	Robinson-Riegler, Bridget Robinson-Riegler, Gregory
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discipline	Psychologie
edition	3. ed., internat. ed.
format	Book
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spelling	Robinson-Riegler, Bridget Verfasser (DE-588)133848760 aut Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind Bridget Robinson-Riegler ; Gregory Robinson-Riegler 3. ed., internat. ed. Boston ; Munich [u.a.] Pearson 2012 XXII, 602 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Previous ed.: 2009. - Includes bibliographical references and index Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd rswk-swf Cognitive psychology Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 s DE-604 Robinson-Riegler, Gregory Verfasser (DE-588)133848728 aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021209023&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Robinson-Riegler, Bridget Robinson-Riegler, Gregory Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4073586-2
title	Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind
title_auth	Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind
title_exact_search	Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind
title_full	Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind Bridget Robinson-Riegler ; Gregory Robinson-Riegler
title_fullStr	Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind Bridget Robinson-Riegler ; Gregory Robinson-Riegler
title_full_unstemmed	Cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind Bridget Robinson-Riegler ; Gregory Robinson-Riegler
title_short	Cognitive psychology
title_sort	cognitive psychology applying the science of the mind
title_sub	applying the science of the mind
topic	Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd
topic_facet	Kognitive Psychologie
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021209023&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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