Srpski husar: = The Serbian hussar
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Beograd
Zavod za Udžbenike
2010
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | In kyrill. schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 151 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9788617172679 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Srpski husar |b = The Serbian hussar |c Dušan Babac |
| 246 | 1 | 1 | |a The Serbian hussar |
| 264 | 1 | |a Beograd |b Zavod za Udžbenike |c 2010 | |
| 300 | |a 151 S. |b zahlr. Ill. | ||
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| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a In kyrill. schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Husar |0 (DE-588)4251476-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Krieg |0 (DE-588)4033114-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Serbien |0 (DE-588)4054598-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1812649054314692608 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
САДРЖАЈ
ИЗВОД ИЗ
РЕЦЕНЗИЈЕ
6
ПРЕДГОВОР
9
НАСТАНАК ХУСАРА
11
ОД КОСОВСКЕ
БИТКЕ ДО
ПРОПАСТИ СРПСКЕ ДРЖАВЕ
25
ПОСТЕПЕНА
УГАРИЗАЦИЈА
ХУСАРА
43
ПОД
ПОЉСКОМ
ЗАСТАВОМ
-
КРИЛАТИ ХУСАРИ
61
ДЕЛИЈЕ
-
СРБИ
KAO
ЛАКА
КОЊИЦА
ОТОМАНСКЕ
BOJCKE
73
У СЛУЖБИ
ПРАВОСЛАВНЕ
РУСИЈЕ
79
ПОНОВО У
ОТАЏБИНИ
121
ХУСАРИ
НА ДРУГИМ СТРАНАМА
135
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
143
SUMMARY
147
О АУТОРУ
151
SUMMARY
Официр краљеве
гарде у
парадној
униформи
1920-их (Дарко
Павловић).
A Royal Guard officer in
full dress uniform,
сЛЯЮЇ;
a reconstruction by Darko
Pavlovic.
Hussars, the
élite
of the light cavalry, resplendent in their elegant uniforms,
armed with sharp swords and riding fast horses, were a distinctive feature of
European warfare, especially in the second half of the
18*,
19th and early 20th
centuries. It is, however, a scarcely known fact that the first hussar regiments
in European armies, even including the Hungarian Army, were actually com¬
posed of Serbs.
Aware of their particular historical circumstances and geographical posi¬
tion in south-eastern Europe, the Serbs in the late 14th and early
1
5th centu¬
ries imitated as best they could the successful cavalry tactics of the victorious
Ottoman Empire. Thus they introduced a form of light cavalry today identi¬
fied as Hussars, although there are some indications that, as early as the
1
0th
century, Serbs made up the light cavalry of the army of the Byzantine Empire.
Accordingly the origins of the hussars can be directly related to mid- and late
15th century Serbia, a period immediately preceding and succeeding the fall
of the medieval Serbian state in
1459.
Facts gathered completely from foreign
published sources and supported by etymological evidence, confirm that hus¬
sars were of Serbian origin, a fact further supported by the recent literature
in Hungary, the country traditionally considered to be the birthplace of the
hussars.
Why is this important? Because the origin of Serbian light cavalry units, in
the wars Byzantium waged in the
10*
and ll"1 centuries, demonstrates a con¬
tinuity of military tradition in the Serbian territories, preconditioned by geo¬
graphical position, historical and sociological circumstances and economical
necessities. The Serbian success in adapting to Ottoman methods of warfare,
by deploying light cavalry detachments able to challenge their Ottoman coun¬
terparts, was to prove especially valuable in the second half of the 15th century
to the Kingdom of Hungary at the time of Matthias Corvinus.
Following the fall of Serbian state many Serbs, including nobles and men-
at-arms who were already called
gusari
(hussars) on account of their fighting
147
methods against the Ottoman enemy, crossed the Danube and
Sava
rivers and
entered Hungarian service. It was at this time that the first hussar units were
formed, and henceforth their style and tactics influenced cavalry across the
whole of Europe, granting Serb mercenaries, emigrants and refugees a crucial
rôle
in disseminating their new military tactics. Indeed the Serbian origins of
the hussars were as acknowledged in Poland, Russia and Austria until the 19th
century.
A type of irregular light horsemen was already well established by the
15th century in medieval Hungary. Etymologists are generally agreed on
the origins of the term „Hussar", believing that it originated in Serbian as
„Husar",
derived from the Latin root
„cursus"
meaning „raid". Webster's New
International Dictionary suggests that it is derived from the Hungarian word
„huszár",
which in turn originates in the Serbian
хусар
{Husar,
or lycap,
Gusar)
meaning „a pirate", coming from the Medieval Latin „cursarius"
(cf.
the English word „corsair" A variant of this theory is offered by Byzantine
scholars, who argue that the term originated in Roman military practice, and
that the „cursarius"
-
a group of fast moving horsemen used for scouting or
raiding
-
were later called „tsanarioi" in Greek or „chosarioi' in Armenian.
In fact the „tsanarioi I chosarioi" that the Byzantine Army recruited in the
Balkans in the 10th and
1
1th centuries were mainly Serbs, and so the word was
subsequently reintroduced into Western European military practice after its
original usage had been lost following the collapse of Western Roman Em¬
pire in
476.
Hungarian hussars were first reported as originating in bands of mostly
Serbian soldiers who had crossed into southern Hungary after the Turkish in¬
vasion of Serbia at the end of the 14th century. The Governor of Hungary,
János
Hunyadi,
formed mounted units modelled on those of his enemy, the Ottoman
Turks.
Hunyadis
son, Matthias Corvinus, later king of Hungary, is generally
acknowledged as establishing these troops. Initially the hussars fought in small
units, but later, during the reign of King Matthias I Corvinus of Hungary, they
were reorganised into larger more disciplined formations, and in fact the first
Hussar regiments were the light cavalry of the Black Army of Hungary. Under
Corvinus's command these hussars took part in the war against the Ottoman
Empire in
1485,
proving successful against Turkish
Spahis
and Bohemian and
Polish forces. After Corvinus's death in
1490,
hussars remained the preferred
form of cavalry in Hungary. The
Habsburg
emperors subsequently hired Hun¬
garian hussars as mercenaries to serve against the Ottoman Empire and on
various battlefields across Europe.
The first units of hussars in the Kingdom of Poland
1385-1569
were
formed in
1500,
and consisted of Serbian mercenaries. They proved far more
manoeuvrable than the heavily armoured lancers previously employed and
were vital to the Polish and Lithuanian victories at Orsza
(1514)
and Obertyn
(1531).
However during the course of the 16th century hussars in Poland had
effectively become heavy cavalry, abandoning their light wooden shields and
adopting plate metal body armour.
The first Russian Hussar units were established in the early 1700s and in
1723
Peter the Great formed a Hussar regiment exclusively from Serbian light
cavalry serving in the Austrian army. In
1741
Princess Anna Leopoldovna of
.„
Braunschweig-Lunenburg authorised the raising of four Hussar regiments
from foreign emigres in Russia, and the first of these regiments was Serbian,
raised from various Hussar companies accepted into regular service after the
Russo-Austro-Turkish War
(1736-39).
These hussar regiments were enlisted,
not conscripted as the rest of Russian army, and were on a level between regu¬
lar and irregular cavalry. Serbian hussars and their commanders established
an enviable reputation in the Seven Years War
(1756-1763),
and subsequently
played an important
rôle
in the formation of the Life Guard Hussar Regiment.
Many Serbs served in the Russian army in the early 19th century during the
Napoleonic wars, especially in the cavalry and hussars as senior officers and
generals, where they won important battle honours.
With the creation of the modern Serbian state in
1815
the Serbian regular
army was formed and included cavalry. During the 1830s, hussar units existed
in the Serbian army, although it is not clear exactly when they were actually
formed. The
élite
Prince's Guard was established in Serbia in
1838
and was
reformed as the Royal Guard in
1882.
The Guards wore a hussar uniform very
similar to the traditional Serbian national dress which was very fashionable at
the time. Thus historical identity and continuity was partly retrieved when the
„dolman" and
„aitila"
tunics (locally called
„dušanka"
after medieval Serbian
Tsar
Dušan)
became part of civilian fashion. Later the People's Army adopted
the hussar style uniform under the
1864
regulations.
Royal Guard cavalry eventually grew to the size of a Brigade in the
1930s.
In the April War against the Axis in
1941
it was deployed in the vicinity of
Belgrade and shared the same tragic destiny as the rest of the Royal Yugoslav
Army. Thus
500
years after the glorious Winter Campaign of
1443-1444,
when
Serbian hussars had first stepped on the European stage, the last unit repre¬
senting the hussar tradition in Serbia ceased to exist. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Babac, Dušan 1969- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1072789337 |
| author_facet | Babac, Dušan 1969- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Babac, Dušan 1969- |
| author_variant | d b db |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV037236923 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)711828176 (DE-599)BVBBV037236923 |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Serbien (DE-588)4054598-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Serbien |
| id | DE-604.BV037236923 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-10-11T20:00:45Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788617172679 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-021150488 |
| oclc_num | 711828176 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | 151 S. zahlr. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateSearch | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | Zavod za Udžbenike |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Babac, Dušan 1969- Verfasser (DE-588)1072789337 aut Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar Dušan Babac The Serbian hussar Beograd Zavod za Udžbenike 2010 151 S. zahlr. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In kyrill. schr., serb. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Husar (DE-588)4251476-9 gnd rswk-swf Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd rswk-swf Serbien (DE-588)4054598-2 gnd rswk-swf Serbien (DE-588)4054598-2 g Husar (DE-588)4251476-9 s Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 s Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021150488&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021150488&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Babac, Dušan 1969- Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar Husar (DE-588)4251476-9 gnd Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4251476-9 (DE-588)4033114-3 (DE-588)4054598-2 |
| title | Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar |
| title_alt | The Serbian hussar |
| title_auth | Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar |
| title_exact_search | Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar |
| title_full | Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar Dušan Babac |
| title_fullStr | Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar Dušan Babac |
| title_full_unstemmed | Srpski husar = The Serbian hussar Dušan Babac |
| title_short | Srpski husar |
| title_sort | srpski husar the serbian hussar |
| title_sub | = The Serbian hussar |
| topic | Husar (DE-588)4251476-9 gnd Krieg (DE-588)4033114-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Husar Krieg Serbien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021150488&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021150488&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT babacdusan srpskihusartheserbianhussar AT babacdusan theserbianhussar |