The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Denver, CO [u.a.]
National Center for Voice and Speech
2006
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 424 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780874141566 0874141567 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Titze, Ingo R. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation |c Ingo R. Titze. [With mathematical contributions by: Fariborz Alipour] |
| 264 | 1 | |a Denver, CO [u.a.] |b National Center for Voice and Speech |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XII, 424 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | The Myoelastic
Aerodynamic Theory
of Phonation
Ingo R Titze
The University of Iowa
and
The Denver Center for the Performing Arts
National Center for Voice and Speech
Denver CO 80204 and Iowa City IA 52242
ULB Darmstadt
19339068
Contents
1 Experiments with Excised Larynges 1
1 1 Choice of Experimental Species 2
1 2 Excision and Preparation Methods 4
121 Criteria for Tissue Selection and Rejection 4
122 Tissue Excision, Examination, and Dissection 5
123 Cool Storage and Preservation 6
124 Freezing, Fixing, and Shipping 6
1 3 Anatomical Measurements on the Laryngeal Framework 7
131 The Thyroid Cartilage 7
132 The Cricoid Cartilage 9
133 Arytenoid Cartilages 12
134 First Tracheal Ring 14
135 Epiglottis 16
1 4 Geometrical Description of the Glottis and the Vocal Folds 18
141 Dimensions of the Vocal Fold 18
142 Dimensions of Vocal Fold Tissue Layers 20
143 Molds and Castings 21
144 Radiographic Imaging 23
145 Mathematical Model of the Static Pre-Phonatory Glottis 24
1 5 Methods of Observation of Vocal Fold Vibration 26
151 Preparing the Larynx for Mounting 26
152 Biohazard Considerations for Vibrating Tissue 28
153 Placement of Sutures and Markers 28
154 Larynx Mounting and Vocal Fold Posturing 30
155 Humidification and Heating of Tissue and Air 34
156 Attachment of Glottographic Sensors 37
157 Hemilarynx Preparation and Observation 38
158 Videostroboscopy 40
159 High Speed Video Imaging 40
1 6 Kinetic and Kinematic Data on Vocal Fold Vibration 41
161 Measurement of Pressure and Flow 41
162 Amplitude of Vibration 42
163 Fundamental Frequency 43
164 Mucosal Wave Velocity and Vertical Phase Delay 45
viii
CONTENTS
165 Radiated Power and Intensity 50
166 Contact Stress 52
167 Asymmetry in Vibration 53
1 7 Chapter Summary 56
Common Notation 56
Bibliography 57
2 Fundamentals of Soft Tissue Mechanics 63
2 1 Elements of Continuum Mechanics 63
211 Displacement Vector 63
212 Large and Small Deformations 65
213 Stress, Strain and Constitutive Equations 68
214 Elastic Solids 70
2 2 One-Dimensional Models of Soft Tissue 71
221 Contractile Properties of Muscles 72
222 Constitutive Equation for a One-Dimensional
Muscle Model 75
223 Active Tissue Properties 76
224 Passive Tissue Properties 77
225 One-Dimensional Shear Properties 78
2 3 Mechanical Testing of Laryngeal Tissues 79
231 In Vitro Techniques 79
232 In Vivo Techniques 82
2 4 Matching the Soft Tissue Model to Laboratory Data 84
241 Stress-Strain Relationship 84
242 Stress-Relaxation 89
243 Force Velocity Relation 92
244 Activation and Contraction Times 92
245 Sinusoidal Strain with Muscle Activation 96
246 Sinusoidal Shear Strain 97
2 5 Chapter Summary 99
Common Notation 100
Bibliography 102
3 Vocal Fold Posturing 105
3 1 Adduction and Abduction 105
311 Analytical Expressions for Two-Dimensional Static Pos-
turing of the Vocal Processes 106
312 Empirical Evaluations of Biomechanical Constants 109
313 Dynamical Equations for Adduction and Abduction 114
3 2 Vocal Fold Elongation 116
321 Analytical Equations for Static Equilibrium 117
322 Empirical Evaluation of Biomechanical Constants 122
323 Dynamical Equations for Elongation 128
3 3 Combined Elongation and Adduction 129
331 Determination of the Adductory Strain 129
CONTENTS
ix
332 Solution of the Combined Differential Equations 131
3 4 Posturing with Deformable Body Theory 133
341 Tissue Properties 135
342 Boundary Conditions 138
343 Solution Options 139
344 Corroborating Measures 140
345 Limitations and Future Directions 140
Common Notation 142
Bibliography 144
4 Free Oscillation of Vocal Fold Tissue Models 149
4 1 Low-Dimensional Body-Cover Models 149
411 Equations of Motion for Three Degrees of Freedom 151
412 Equivalence of the Rotating-Plate Model and the Three-
Mass Model 152
4 2 High-Dimensional Point-Mass Formulation 158
421 Elastic Restoring Forces 160
422 Boundary Conditions 161
423 Equations of Motion 163
424 Modes for High-Dimensional Point-Mass and String Models 164
425 Vertical Degrees of Freedom 167
4 3 Continuum Models 170
431 Constitutive Equation for Transversely Isotropic Materials 171
432 Inversion of the Compliance Matrix 172
433 Planar Strain 174
434 Compressibility and Incompressibility 175
435 Equations of Motion 176
4 4 Relating Continuum Parameters to Lumped-Element Parameters 178
441 Equivalent Spring Constants for Low-Dimensional Models 179
442 Inclusion of Fiber Stress in Low-Dimensional Models 182
4 5 Analytic Solutions for Continuum Models 184
451 Normal Modes for One-Dimensional Strain 184
452 Decoupling the Wave Equations for Planar Strain 190
453 Potential Energy and Strain Energy 190
454 Normal Modes for Planar Strain 192
46A Kinematic Model of the Glottis Based on Two Normal Modes 197
461 Glottal Geometry 197
462 Glottal Area 201
463 Vocal Fold Contact Area 204
464 Vertical Discretization 204
465 Empirical Rules for Combining Control Parameters 205
466 Examples of Simulated Glottal Area and Contact Area
Waveforms 212
4 7 Finite Element Solutions for Continuum Models 214
471 Interpolation Functions 216
472 Evaluation of Energy Integrals 217
X
CONTENTS
473 Viscous Damping 222
474 Stiffness, Mass, and Damping Matrices 224
475 Nodal Force Vector 225
476 Calculations of The Shape Functions 228
477 Assembly of Element Matrices into Global Matrices 229
478 Time Integration 230
4 8 Summary of Chapter 231
Common Notation 232
-Bibliography 234
5 Glottal Aerodynamics 237
5 1 Basic Flow Theory 237
511 Continuity Law and Incompressibility 237
512 Equation of Motion 238
513 The Bernoulli Equation 242
514 Energy Balance and Heat Loss 243
515 Viscous Effect and Shear Stress 243
516 Navier-Stokes Equation 244
517 Vorticity Transport Equation 246
5 2 Applications to Confined Channel Flow 248
521 Steady Flow Between Parallel Plates 248
522 Steady Flow in Circular Pipes 249
523 Boundary Layer Effects 250
524 Friction Coefficient and Flow Separation 253
525 Abrupt Expansions and Contractions 254
526 Transglottal Pressure-Flow Relations 255
5 3 Models of the Glottal Flow Pulse Based on Glottal Area 258
531 Lumped Vocal Tract Inertance 258
532 Controlling Pulse Shape and Glottal Noise (Aspiration)
by Rules 262
533 Distributed Vocal Tract Acoustic Load 264
534 Glottal Area and Glottal Flow Waveforms 266
5 4 Driving Pressures in the Glottis 270
541 Division of the Glottis into Vertical Sections and Channels 270
542 Pressures in a Trapezoidal Flow Channel 271
543 Calculation of the kinetic pressure at flow detachment 274
544 Driving pressures for glottal closure 275
545 Calculation of contact point and contact area 276
546 Pressures in Flow Channels with Curvature 277
547 Pressures in Partially Sealed Sections 279
5 5 Numerical Modeling of Steady Flow 279
551 Grid Generation 280
552 Navier-Stokes Equations in the Transformed Condition
System 282
553 Solution for Momentum Equations 283
554 Modeling of Pulsatile Flow in the Glottis 285
CONTENTS
xi
555 Derivation in Two-Dimensions 288
556 Pressure and Velocity Coupling 290
Common Notation 292
Bibliography 294
6 Computer Simulation of Vocal Tract Acoustics 297
6 1 Time Dependent Compressible Flow in Gases 297
6 2 Two-Dimensional and One-Dimensional Velocity Vectors 298
6 3 Finite-Difference Solution for a Soft-Walled Vocal Tract 300
631 Division of the Vocal Tract Into Sections 301
632 Boundary Condition for a Yielding Wall 303
633 Velocity Profiles and Viscous Drag 304
634 An Acoustic Lumped-Element Circuit Analog 306
635 Boundary Conditions Between Serial Sections 307
636 Runge-Kutta Implementation of Simplified Aeroacoustic
Equations in Discrete Serial Vocal Tract Sections 311
637 Short Sections 313
638 Termination at the Lungs 317
639 Termination at the Lips 319
64A Wave-Reflection Analog for A Hard-Walled Vocal Tract 319
641 Simulation of Boundary Conditions At A Junction 320
642 Simulation of Glottal Boundary Condition for a Non-Interactive
Flow Source 322
643 Simulation of Nasal Coupling 323
644 Simulation of Mouth and Nose Radiation 324
645 Addition of a Subglottal Tract And Interactive Source-
Filter Coupling 327
646 Combined Simulation for The Entire System 328
6 5 Data From Magnetic Resonance Imaging 330
Common Notation 335
Bibliography 337
7 Self-Sustained Vocal Fold Oscillation (Nonlinear Dynamics) 339
7 1 Parameter Spaces for Studying Phonation 339
711 Voice Range Profile 341
712 Muscle Activation Plot (MAP) 342
713 Cyclic Parameter Contour 343
714 Narrow Band Spectrogram 346
715 Phase Plane Portrait 346
716 Bifurcation Diagrams for Coupled Oscillators 347
7 2 Nonlinearities in Vocal Fold Vibration 348
721 Parabolic Pressure-Flow Relation in the Glottis 349
722 Delayed Feedback from a Mucosal Wave 350
723 Delayed Feedback from an Air Column 351
724 Stress-Strain Relations in the Tissue 351
725 Collision Between the Vocal Folds 352
Xll
CONTENTS
726 Coupling to Vocal Tract Resonances 352
727 Coupling to an Asymmetric Vocal Fold 353
728 Shear Thinning in Vocal Fold Tissues 353
7 3 Analytical Treatment of Small Amplitude Vocal Fold Oscillation 353
731 Relation Between Mucosal Wave and Normal Modes 353
732 Glottal Entry and Exit Areas 355
733 Glottal Flow 356
734 Coupled Equations for Airflow and Tissue Displacement 357
735 Small Amplitude Oscillation Around a Quiescent Point 358
736 Quiescent Equilibrium Displacement and Collapsible Tube
Conditions 360
737 Oscillation Threshold Pressure 363
7 4 Development of Rules for Muscle Control 366
741 Elongation Rule 366
742 Nodal Point Rule 367
743 Thickness and Depth Rules 368
744 Adduction Rule 368
745 Convergence Rule 369
7 5 Simulations with Low-Dimensional Models 369
7 6 Chapter Summary 377
Common Notation 378
Bibliography 380
A Tables of Individual Specimen Measurements of Laryngeal Car-
tilages and Vocal Folds 383
B Tables of Biomechanical Constants for LCA, IA, and PCA 397
C Proof of the Relation E = 2^(1 + v) 401
D Inversion of the Compliance Matrix 403
E Decoupling the Equations of Motion 407
Subject Index
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Titze, Ingo R. |
| author_facet | Titze, Ingo R. |
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| author_sort | Titze, Ingo R. |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV037180806 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)706986068 (DE-599)BVBBV037180806 |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV037180806 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:52:48Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780874141566 0874141567 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XII, 424 S. graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Titze, Ingo R. Verfasser aut The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation Ingo R. Titze. [With mathematical contributions by: Fariborz Alipour] Denver, CO [u.a.] National Center for Voice and Speech 2006 XII, 424 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021095419&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Titze, Ingo R. The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation |
| title | The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation |
| title_auth | The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation |
| title_exact_search | The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation |
| title_full | The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation Ingo R. Titze. [With mathematical contributions by: Fariborz Alipour] |
| title_fullStr | The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation Ingo R. Titze. [With mathematical contributions by: Fariborz Alipour] |
| title_full_unstemmed | The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation Ingo R. Titze. [With mathematical contributions by: Fariborz Alipour] |
| title_short | The myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation |
| title_sort | the myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021095419&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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