The origins and development of the English language:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boston, Mass. [u.a.]
Wadsworth
2010
|
| Ausgabe: | 6. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 347 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9781428231450 1428231455 |
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| 250 | |a 6. ed. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143760068575232 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
v
chapter
ι
Language and the English Language:
An Introduction
ι
A Definition of Language
2
Language as System
2
Grammatical Signals
3
Language as Signs
5
Language as Vocal
6
Writing and Speech
6
Gestures and Speech
8
Language as Conventional
8
Language Change
10
The Notion of Linguistic Corruption
10
Language Variation
n
Correctness and Acceptability
12
Language as Human
13
Theories of the Origin of Language
13
Innate Language Ability
14
Do Birds and Beasts Really Talk?
14
Language as Communication
15
Other Characteristics of Language
16
Why Study the History of English?
17
For Further Reading
18
chapter
2
The Sounds of Current English
20
The Organs of Speech
20
Consonants of Current English
21
Vowels of Current English
25
Vowels before [r]
28
Stress
28
unstressed Vowels
29
Kinds of Sound Change
29
Assimilation: Sounds Become More Alike
29
Dissimilation: Sounds Become Less Alike
30
Elision: Sounds Are Omitted
30
Intrusion: Sounds Are Added
31
Metathesis: Sounds Are Reordered
31
Causes of Sound Change
31
The Phoneme
32
Differing Transcriptions
33
For Further Reading
34
chapter
3
Letters and Sounds: A Brief History of Writing
35
Ideographic and Syllabic Writing
35
From Semitic Writing to the Greek Alphabet
36
The Greek Vowel and Consonant Symbols
36
The Romans Adopt the Greek Alphabet
37
Later Developments of the Roman and Greek Alphabets
38
The Use of Digraphs
39
Additional Symbols
39
The History of English Writing
40
The Germanic Runes
40
The Anglo-Saxon Roman Alphabet
40
The Spelling of English Consonant Sounds
41
Stops
42
Fricatives
42
Affricates
43
Nasals
43
Liquids
43
Semivowels
43
The Spelling of English Vowel Sounds
43
Front Vowels
43
Central Vowel
44
Back Vowels
44
Diphthongs
45
Vowels plus [r]
45
Unstressed Vowels
45
Spelling Pronunciations and Pronunciation Spellings
46
Writing and History
47
For Further Reading
48
chapter
4
The
В
ackgrounds of English
49
Indo-European Origins
50
Indo-European Culture
50
The Indo-European Homeland
50
How Indo-European Was Discovered
51
Language Typology and Language Families
52
Non-Indo-European Languages
53
Main Divisions of the Indo-European Group
55
Indo-Iranian
55
Armenian and Albanian
58
Tacharían
58
Anatolian
59
Balto-Slavic
59
Hellenic
60
Italic
60
Celtic
61
Germanic
62
Cognate Words in the Indo-European Languages
63
Inflection in the Indo-European Languages
64
Some Verb Inflections
65
Some Noun Inflections
66
Word Order in the Indo-European Languages
67
Major Changes From Indo-European to Germanic
69
First Sound Shift
71
Grimm s Law
71
Verner s Law
73
The Sequence of the first Sound Shift
74
West Germanic Languages
74
For Further Reading
76
chapter
5
The Old English Period
(449-1100) 78
Some Key Events in the Old English Period
78
History of the Anglo-Saxons
79
Britain before the English
79
The Coming of the English
79
The English in Britain
81
The First Viking Conquest
82
The Second Viking Conquest
83
The Scandinavians Become English
84
The Golden Age of Old English
84
Dialects of Old English
85
Pronunciation and Spelling
86
Vowels
86
Consonants
87
Handwriting
89
Stress
90
Vocabulary
90
The Germanic Word Stock
90
Gender in Old English
91
Grammar, Concord, and Inflection
92
Inflection
92
Nouns
93
i-Umlaut
95
Modern Survivals of Case and Number
96
Modifiers
96
Demonstratives
96
Adjectives
97
Adverbs
98
Pronouns
99
Personal Pronouns
99
Interrogative and Relative Pronouns
100
Verbs
101
Indicative Forms of Verbs
102
Subjunctive and Imperative Forms
102
Nonfinite
Forms
102
Weđ&
Veres
103
Strong Verbs
103
Preterit-Present Verbs
104
Suppletive
Verbs
105
Syntax
105
Old English Illustrated
108
For Further Reading
111
chapter
6
The Middle English Period
(1100-1500) 112
Some Key Events in the Middle English Period
112
The Background of the Norman Conquest
113
The Reascendancy of English
114
Foreign Influences on Vocabulary
115
Middle English Spelling
116
Consonants
ііб
Vowels
118
The Rise of a London Standard
119
Changes in Pronunciation
122.
Principal Consonant Changes
122
Middle English Vowels
123
Changes in Diphthongs
124
Lengthening and Shortening of Vowels
126
Leveling of Unstressed Vowels
127
Loss of Schwa in Final Syllables
127
Changes in Grammar
128
Reduction of Inflections
128
Loss of Grammatical Gender
129
Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives
129
The Inflection of Nouns
129
Personal Pronouns
130
Demonstrative Pronouns
132
Interrogative and Relative Pronouns
133
Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
133
Verbs
133
Personal Endings
134
Participles
135
Word Order
135
Middle English Illustrated
136
For Further Reading
138
chapter
7
The Early Modern English Period
(1500-1800):
Society, Spellings, and Sounds
139
Some Key Events in the Early Modern Period
139
The Transition from Middle to Modern English
140
Expansion of the English Vocabulary
140
Innovation of Pronunciation and Conservation of Spelling
141
The Orthography of Early Modern English
141
The Great Vowel Shift
144
Other Vowels
147
Stressed Short Vowels
147
Diphthongs
148
Quantitative Vowel Changes
149
Early Modern English Consonants
149
Evidence for Early Modern Pronunciation
151
Stress
151
Scholarly Studies
151
Early Modern English Illustrated
Spelling
152
Pronunciation
153
For Further Reading
155
152
chapter
8
The Early Modern English Period
(1500-1800):
Forms, Syntax, and Usage
156
The Study of Language
157
Early Dictionaries
157
Eighteenth-Century Attitudes toward Grammar and
Usage
158
Nouns
160
Irregular Plurals
161
His-Genitive
161
Group Genitive
162
Uninflected Genitive
163
Adjectives and Adverbs
163
Pronouns
164
Personal Pronouns
164
Relative and Interrogative Pronouns
168
Case Forms of the Pronouns
169
Verbs
170
Classes of Strong Verbs
170
Endings for Person and Number
176
Contracted Forms ijj
Expanded Verb Forms
178
Other Verbal Constructions
179
Prepositions
179
Early Modern English Further Illustrated
180
chapter
9
Late Modern English (1800-Present)
181
Some Key Events in the Late Modern Period
181
The National Varieties of English
182
Conservatism and Innovation in American English
183
National Differences in Word Choice
185
American Infiltration of the British Word Stock
186
Syntactical and Morphological Differences
187
British and American Purism
188
Dictionaries and the Facts
189
National Differences in Pronunciation
190
British and American Spelling
193
Variation within National Varieties
194
Kinds
of Variation
194
Regional Dialects
195
Ethnic and Social Dialects
196
Stylistic Variation
198
Variation within British English
198
World English
199
Irish English
199
Indiati
English
201
The Essential Oneness of All English.
202.
For Further Reading
202
chapter
10
Words and Meanings
206
Semantics and Change of Meaning
207
Variable and Vague Meanings
208
Etymology and Meaning
208
How Meaning Changes
209
Generalization and Specialization
210
Transfer of Meaning
211
Association of Ideas
гіг
Transfer from Other Languages
212
Sound Associations
213
Pej oration and Amelioration
213
Taboo and Euphemism
214
The Fate of Intensifying Words
217
Some Circumstances of Semantic Change
218
Vogue for Words of Learned Origin
219
Language and Semantic Marking
220
Semantic Change is Inevitable
222
For Further Reading
223
chapter
11
New Words from Old
3.2.4
Creating Words
224
Root Creations
224
Echoic Words
225
Ejaculations
225
Combining Words: Compounding
227
Spelling and Pronunciation of Compounds
9.2//
Amalgamated Compounds
229
Function and Form of Compounds
230
Combining Word Parts: Affixing
230
Affixes from Old English
230
Affixes from Other Languages
232
Voguish Affixes
233
Shortening Words
235
Clipped Forms
235
Initialisms: Alphabetisms and Acronyms
236
Apheretic and Aphetic Forms
237
Back-Formations
23 8
Blending Words
239
New Morphemes from Blending
239
Folk Etymology
241
Shifting Words to New Uses
242
One Part of Speech to Another
242
Common Words from Proper Names
2.43
Sources of New Words
245
Distribution of New Words
245
For Further Reading
246
chapter
12
Foreign Elements in the English Word Stock
247
Popular and Learned Loanwords
248
Latin and Greek Loanwords
248
Latin Influence in the Germanic Period
248
Latin Words in Old English
249
Latin Words Borrowed in Middle English Times
250
Latin Words Borrowed in Modern English Times
251
Greek Loanwords
251
Celtic Loanwords
252
Scandinavian Loanwords
253
Old and Middle English Borrowings
253
Modern English Borrowings
254
French Loanwords
254
Middle English Borrowings
254
Later French Loanwords
256
Spanish and Portuguese Loanwords
258
Italian Loanwords
259
Germanic Loanwords
260
Loanwords from Low German
260
Loanwords from High German
261
Loanwords from the East
262
Near East
262
Iran and India
263
Far East and Australasia
264
Other Sources
265
Loanwords from African Languages
265
Slavic, Hungarian, Turkish, and American Indian
266
The Sources of Recent Loanwords
266
English Remains English
267
For Further Reading
268
Selected Bibliography
269
Glossary
281
Index of Modern English Words and
Affixes
301
Index of Persons, Places, and Topics
329
With an engaging presentation, new examples, new resources,
and a contemporary writing style throughout, you ll find
Tlte Origins and Development of the English Language to
be interesting and easy to comprehend. Fascinating histori¬
cal information
—
from The Old English Period through the
present
—
help you gain an understanding of words and
meanings, the sounds of words, the creation of new words
from old, and foreign elements in the English language.
This sixth edition of the classic written by Thomas Pyles
almost forty-five years ago is better than ever. Algeo pre¬
serves the outline, emphasis, and aims
oí
the respected
original (as all earlier editions have) yet has been revised to
make it easier to read and to be more helpful to students of
all levels of preparation.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Algeo, John 1930-2019 Pyles, Thomas 1905-1980 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)139167714 (DE-588)139022791 |
| author_facet | Algeo, John 1930-2019 Pyles, Thomas 1905-1980 |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Algeo, John 1930-2019 |
| author_variant | j a ja t p tp |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV037169060 |
| classification_rvk | HE 130 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)636339287 (DE-599)HBZHT015341909 |
| dewey-full | 420.9 |
| dewey-hundreds | 400 - Language |
| dewey-ones | 420 - English & Old English (Anglo-Saxon) |
| dewey-raw | 420.9 |
| dewey-search | 420.9 |
| dewey-sort | 3420.9 |
| dewey-tens | 420 - English & Old English (Anglo-Saxon) |
| discipline | Anglistik / Amerikanistik |
| edition | 6. ed. |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV037169060 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:52:47Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781428231450 1428231455 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XV, 347 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
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| publisher | Wadsworth |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Algeo, John 1930-2019 Verfasser (DE-588)139167714 aut The origins and development of the English language John Algeo ; based on the original work of Thomas Pyles 6. ed. Boston, Mass. [u.a.] Wadsworth 2010 XV, 347 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd rswk-swf Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 s Geschichte z DE-604 Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 s 1\p DE-604 Pyles, Thomas 1905-1980 Verfasser (DE-588)139022791 aut Digitalisierung UB Passau application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021083701&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021083701&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Algeo, John 1930-2019 Pyles, Thomas 1905-1980 The origins and development of the English language Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4014777-0 (DE-588)4020517-4 |
| title | The origins and development of the English language |
| title_auth | The origins and development of the English language |
| title_exact_search | The origins and development of the English language |
| title_full | The origins and development of the English language John Algeo ; based on the original work of Thomas Pyles |
| title_fullStr | The origins and development of the English language John Algeo ; based on the original work of Thomas Pyles |
| title_full_unstemmed | The origins and development of the English language John Algeo ; based on the original work of Thomas Pyles |
| title_short | The origins and development of the English language |
| title_sort | the origins and development of the english language |
| topic | Englisch (DE-588)4014777-0 gnd Geschichte (DE-588)4020517-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Englisch Geschichte |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021083701&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=021083701&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT algeojohn theoriginsanddevelopmentoftheenglishlanguage AT pylesthomas theoriginsanddevelopmentoftheenglishlanguage |