Breeding for quantitative traits in plants:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Woodbury, Minn.
Stemma Press
2010
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| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | X, 390 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780972072410 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Breeding for quantitative traits in plants
Autor: Bernardo, Rex
Jahr: 2010
Breeding for QUANTITATIVE TRAITS in PLANTS Second Edition Rex Bernardo University of Minnesota—Twin Cities Stenama Press Woodbury, Minnesota
Contents I Plant Breeding and Population Genetics 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Plant Breeding and Quantitative Traits ........... 3 1.2 Genetic Effects and the One-Locus Model.......... 5 1.3 Modes of Reproduction in Plants............... 6 1.4 Population Structures and Types of Cultivars........ 7 1.5 Breeding Self-Pollinated and Cross-Pollinated Crops .... 10 2 Genetics of Breeding Populations 15 2.1 Genotype and Allele Frequencies in a Population...... 15 2.2 Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium................. 16 2.3 Linkage.................. ........... 20 2.4 Linkage Disequilibrium and Lack of Random Mating .... 22 2.5 Molecular Markers and Linkage Maps ............ 25 2.6 Small Populations ....................... 27 2.7 Selection............................. 31 2.8 Assort ative Mating....................... 34 2.9 Inbreeding and Relatedness............?...... 35 2.9.1 Concepts of Inbreeding and Relationship....... 35 2.9.2 Identity by Descent in Pedigrees........... 39 2.9.3 Estimating Relatedness with Molecular Markers . . 45
iv Contents II Means of Genotypes and Breeding Populations 51 3 Phenotypic and Genotypic Values 53 3.1 Phenotype as a Function of Genes and Environment .... 53 3.2 Population Mean for a One-Locus Model........... 56 3.3 Effects of Alleles........................ 58 3.4 Breeding Values and Dominance Deviations......... 62 3.5 Means and Values in F 2 and BC Populations........ 65 3.6 Two-Locus Model: Epistatic Effects.............. 65 3.7 Testcross Effect of an Allele.................. 67 3.8 General and Specific Combining Ability........... 70 4 Selecting Parents to Maximize Mean Performance 73 4.1 Parental Selection in Inbred Development.......... 73 4.2 Mean of Recombinant Inbreds................. 75 4.3 Fixation of Favorable Alleles ................. 77 4.4 F 2 versus Backcross Populations ............... 79 4.5 Heterotic Groups and Testcross Means............ 81 5 Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci 85 5.1 Linkage Mapping of QTL................... 85 5.1.1 General Approach................... 85 5.1.2 Means of Marker Genotypes.............. 86 5.1.3 Single-Factor Analysis and Interval Mapping .... 90 5.1.4 Multiple-Marker Analysis............... 92 5.2 Significance Tests and False Discovery Rate......... 95 5.3 Selective Genotyping and Phenotyping............ 99 5.4 Association Mapping......................101 5.4.1 Marker-Trait Associations and Population Structure 101 5.4.2 Linkage Disequilibrium ................103 5.5 Introgression Libraries and AB-QTL Analysis........106 5.6 Gene Expression Profiling...................107 5.7 Candidate Genes and Comparative Mapping ........110 III Variation in Breeding Populations 113 6 Phenotypic and Genetic Variances 115 6.1 Variation due to Genes and Environment ..........115 6.2 Additive Variance and Dominance Variance.........117 6.3 Epistatic Variance.......................121 6.4 Genetic Variances from a Factorial Model..........123 6.5 Covariance between
Relatives.................126 6.6 Variance among Testcross, Half-Sib, and Full-Sib Families . 129 6.7 Covariance between Single Crosses..............131
Contents v 6.8 Covariance between Selfed Relatives in an F 2 Population . . 133 6.9 Heritability...........................135 6.10 Usefulness Criterion......................137 6.11 Linkage and Genetic Variances................138 6.12 Genetic Variances in Autotetraploid Species.........139 6.13 Maintenance of Va by Epistasis................141 6.14 Molecular Markers and Trait Variation............143 7 Estimating Genetic Variances 147 7.1 Do Breeders Need to Estimate Genetic Variances?.....147 7.2 Mating Designs.........................149 7.2.1 Approach........................149 7.2.2 Assumptions......................151 7.3 One-Factor Design.......................152 7.4 Factorial Design ........................156 7.5 Diallel..............................160 7.6 Nested Design..........................163 7.7 Parent-Offspring Covariance..................165 7.8 Precision of Estimates of Genetic Variances.........166 7.8.1 Confidence Intervals..................166 7.8.2 Resampling Methods..................169 7.9 Epistatic Variance.......................170 7.10 Predicting Genetic Variances.................172 7.11 Generation Means Analysis..................173 8 Genotype x Environment Interaction 177 8.1 Genotypic Values in Different Environments.........177 8.2 Coping with Genotype x Environment Interaction.....180 8.3 V e , Vgb , and Number of Replications and Environments . . 182 8.4 Partitioning Environments into Homogeneous Subgroups . . 186 8.4.1 Cluster Analysis....................186 8.4.2 Principal Components Analysis............189 8.5 Stability Analysis........................191 8.6 Multiplicative Models .....................195 8.6.1 AMMI Model......................195 8.6.2 Sites Regression Analysis...............199 8.7 QTL x Environment Interaction...............200 8.8 Analysis of External Data...................202 IV Selection in Breeding Populations 205 9 Inbred and Testcross Selection 207
9.1 Variance among and within Selfed Families.........207 9.2 Variance at Different Selfing Generations...........209
vi Contents 9.3 Selection among versus within Families............210 9.4 Selection in F 2 versus BC Populations ...........213 9.5 Stage of Evaluation.......................214 9.5.1 Selection during Early Generations..........214 9.5.2 Early versus Late Testing in Hybrid Crops .....215 9.5.3 Effectiveness of Early Testing.............217 9.6 Choosing a Suitable Tester ..................219 9.7 Selection with Major QTL...................222 9.8 F 2 Enrichment.........................224 9.9 Difficulties in Selection with Many QTL...........225 10 Recurrent Selection 231 10.1 Recurrent Selection in Cultivar Development ........231 10.2 Response to Selection .....................233 10.3 Predicted Response to Recurrent Selection..........236 10.3.1 Intrapopulation Selection...............236 10.3.2 Interpopulation Selection...............239 10.3.3 Comparing Recurrent Selection Methods.......241 10.4 Increasing the Response to Selection.............244 10.5 Theoretical Efficiency of Selection with Markers.......245 10.6 Marker-Assisted Recurrent Selection.............249 10.6.1 Approach in MARS ..................249 10.6.2 Gain per Unit Time and Cost.............252 10.7 Long-Term Selection......................253 10.7.1 Illinois Oil and Protein Selection Experiment .... 253 10.7.2 Selection Limits ....................255 11 Best Linear Unbiased Prediction 259 11.1 Usefulness of BLUP ......................259 11.2 Matrices.............................262 11.2.1 Types of Matrices ...................262 11.2.2 Matrix Operations...................263 11.2.3 Usefulness of Matrices.................267 11.3 BLUP for Self-Pollinated Crops: Inbreds...........268 11.3.1 Linear Model......................268 11.3.2 Interpretation of Random Effects...........269 11.3.3 Mixed-Model Equations................271 11.4 Properties of (3 and u.....................275 11.5 BLUP for Cross-Pollinated Crops: Single Crosses......277
11.5.1 Genetic Effects.....................277 11.5.2 Mixed-Model Equations................280 11.6 BLUP within a Breeding Population.............282 11.7 Estimation of Variances....................283 11.8 Association Mapping by Mixed-Model Analysis.......286 11.8.1 Single Population or Heterotic Pattern........286
Contents vii 11.8.2 QK Model for Multiple Subpopulations .......290 11.9 Genomewide Selection by BLUP...............293 11.9.1 Marker-Based Selection without QTL Mapping . . . 293 11.9.2 Accuracy of Genomewide Predictions ........296 11.9.3 Non-BLUP Methods for Genomewide Selection . . . 298 12 Heterosis and Hybrid Prediction 301 12.1 History and Importance....................301 12.2 Genetics of Heterosis......................305 12.3 Design III and the Average Level of Dominance.......309 12.4 Identifying Heterotic Groups and Patterns..........311 12.5 Initial Approaches for Predicting Hybrid Performance . . . 313 12.6 BLUP of Untested Single Crosses...............315 12.6.1 Approach........................315 12.6.2 Steps in Single-Cross Prediction ...........316 12.7 Three-Way Crosses, Double Crosses, and Synthetics .... 320 13 Selection for Multiple Traits 323 13.1 Genetic Correlation between Traits..............323 13.2 Correlated Response to Selection...............326 13.3 Tandem Selection and Independent Culling Levels.....328 13.4 Index Selection.........................330 13.5 Multiple-Trait Improvement in Applied Breeding......334 14 Epilogue: Designing a Breeding Program 337 References 341 Index 380
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| discipline | Agrarwissenschaft Agrar-/Forst-/Ernährungs-/Haushaltswissenschaft / Gartenbau Pflanzenbau |
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| spelling | Bernardo, Rex Verfasser aut Breeding for quantitative traits in plants Rex Bernardo Quantitative traits in plants 2. ed. Woodbury, Minn. Stemma Press 2010 X, 390 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Pflanzenzüchtung (DE-588)4045599-3 gnd rswk-swf Quantitatives Merkmal (DE-588)4390383-6 gnd rswk-swf Populationsgenetik (DE-588)4046804-5 gnd rswk-swf Zuchtziel (DE-588)4328970-8 gnd rswk-swf QTL (DE-588)4411159-9 gnd rswk-swf Pflanzenzüchtung (DE-588)4045599-3 s Zuchtziel (DE-588)4328970-8 s Quantitatives Merkmal (DE-588)4390383-6 s QTL (DE-588)4411159-9 s Populationsgenetik (DE-588)4046804-5 s b DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020802688&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bernardo, Rex Breeding for quantitative traits in plants Pflanzenzüchtung (DE-588)4045599-3 gnd Quantitatives Merkmal (DE-588)4390383-6 gnd Populationsgenetik (DE-588)4046804-5 gnd Zuchtziel (DE-588)4328970-8 gnd QTL (DE-588)4411159-9 gnd |
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| title | Breeding for quantitative traits in plants |
| title_alt | Quantitative traits in plants |
| title_auth | Breeding for quantitative traits in plants |
| title_exact_search | Breeding for quantitative traits in plants |
| title_full | Breeding for quantitative traits in plants Rex Bernardo |
| title_fullStr | Breeding for quantitative traits in plants Rex Bernardo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Breeding for quantitative traits in plants Rex Bernardo |
| title_short | Breeding for quantitative traits in plants |
| title_sort | breeding for quantitative traits in plants |
| topic | Pflanzenzüchtung (DE-588)4045599-3 gnd Quantitatives Merkmal (DE-588)4390383-6 gnd Populationsgenetik (DE-588)4046804-5 gnd Zuchtziel (DE-588)4328970-8 gnd QTL (DE-588)4411159-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Pflanzenzüchtung Quantitatives Merkmal Populationsgenetik Zuchtziel QTL |
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