Remote sensing: the image chain approach
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 666 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780195178173 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 008 | 101129s2007 abd| |||| 00||| engod | ||
| 020 | |a 9780195178173 |9 978-0-19-517817-3 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)636803142 | ||
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| 100 | 1 | |a Schott, John Robert |d 1951- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)136562698 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Remote sensing |b the image chain approach |c John R. Schott |
| 250 | |a 2. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford [u.a.] |b Oxford Univ. Press |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XVI, 666 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143497261875200 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
1
1.1
WHAT IS REMOTE SENSING (AS FAR AS WE RE CONCERNED)?
1
1.2
WHY REMOTE SENSING?
2
1.3
WHAT KINDS OF REMOTE SENSING?
5
1.4
THE IMAGE CHAIN APPROACH
17
1.5
REFERENCES
21
CHAPTER
2
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND PHOTO MENSURATION
23
24
33
33
46
47
49
53
55
CHAPTER
3
RADIOMETRY
AND RADIATION PROPAGATION
57
3.1
ENERGY PATHS
57
3.1.1
Solar Energy Paths
58
3.1.2
Thermal Energy Paths
61
3.2
RADIOMETRIO
TERMS
63
3.2.1
Definition of Terms
63
3.2.2
Blackbody
Radiators
72
3.2.3
Polarization Concepts
75
3.3
RADIOMETRIO
CONCEPTS
80
3.3.1
Inverse-Square Law for Irradiance from a Point Source
80
3.3.2
Projected Area Effects (cos
Θ)
83
3.3.3
Lambertian Surfaces
85
3.3.4
Magic
π
86
3.3.5
Lens Falloff
89
xi
2.1
PHOTO INTERPRETATION
2.2
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF AIR PHOTOS
2.2.1
Photogrammetry
2.2.2
Camera as a Radiometer
2.3
EVOLUTION OF EO SYSTEMS
2.4
SPACE-BASED EO SYSTEMS
2.5
DIGITAL CONCEPTS
2.6
REFERENCES
Contents
3.4
ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION
93
3.4.1
Atmospheric Absorption
93
3.4.2
Atmospheric Scattering
99
3.5
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EM SPECTRUM
104
3.6
REFERENCES ™8
CHAPTER
4
THE GOVERNING EQUATION FOR RADIANCE REACHING THE SENSOR
111
4.1
IRRADIANCE ONTO THE EARTH S SURFACE
112
4.1.1
Solar Irradiance
112
4.1.2
Downwelled Radiance (Skylight)
114
4.1.3
Reflected Background Radiance
121
4.2
REFLECTED SOLAR IRRADIANCE AND BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE
121
4.2.1
Ways to Characterize Reflectance
121
4.2.2
Reflected Solar Radiance
125
4.3
SOLAR RADIANCE REACHING THE SENSOR
127
4.3.1
Solar Scattered Upwelled Radiance (Path Radiance)
128
4.3.2
Cumulative Solar Effects
129
4.3.3
Multiple Scattering and Nonlinearity Effects
131
4.4
THERMAL RADIANCE REACHING THE SENSOR
134
4.4.1
Self-Emission
134
4.4.2
Thermal Emission from the Sky and Background Reflected
to the Sensor
135
4.4.3
Self-Emitted Component of Upwelled Radiance
139
4.5
INCORPORATION OF SENSOR SPECTRAL RESPONSE
141
4.6
SIMPLIFICATION OF THE BIG EQUATION AND RELATIVE MAGNITUDE
ASSESSMENT
142
4.6.1
Simplification
142
4.6.2
Sensitivity Analysis—Error Propagation
148
4.7
REFERENCES
151
CHAPTER
5
SENSING SYSTEMS
153
5.1
CAMERAS AND FILM SYSTEMS
154
5.1.1
Irradiance onto the Focal Plane
154
5.1.2
Sensitometric Analysis
157
5.2
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN SIMPLE CAMERAS AND MORE EXOTIC
ELECTRO-OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEMS
165
5.2.1
Optics and Irradiance at the Focal Plane
165
5.2.2
System Characterization
167
5.3
DETECTORS AND SENSOR PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
169
5.3.1
Detector Types
169
5.3.2
Detector Figures of Merit
173
5.3.3
Sensor Performance Parameters
179
5.4
DETECTOR-SENSOR PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS
180
5.5
REFERENCES
191
Contents xjjj
CHAPTER
6
IMAGING
SENSORS
AND INSTRUMENTCALIBRATION
193
6.1 SINGLE-CHANNEL AND MULTISPECTRAL SENSORS 193
6.1.1 Line Scanners 194
6.1.2
Whisk-Broom and Bow-Tie
Imagers 200
6.1.3 Push-Broom Sensors 207
6.1.4
Framing (2-D) Arrays
211
6.2
IMAGING SPECTROMETERS
212
6.2.1
Imaging Spectrometer Issues
223
6.2.2
Agile Spectrometers
227
6.3
LUMINESCENCE SENSORS
227
6.4
CALIBRATION ISSUES
233
6.5
SENSOR CASE STUDY
246
6.6
REFERENCES
255
CHAPTER
7
ATMOSPHERIC COMPENSATION: SOLUTIONS TO THE GOVERNING EQUATION
259
7.1
TRADITIONAL APPROACH: CORRELATION WITH GROUND-BASED
MEASUREMENTS
261
7.2
APPROACHES TO ATMOSPHERIC COMPENSATION
263
7.3
APPROACHES TO MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE
265
7.3.1
Ground Truth Methods (Temperature)
265
7.3.2
In-Scene Compensation Techniques (Temperature)
267
7.3.3
Atmospheric Propagation Models (Temperature)
274
7.3.4
Emissivity
279
7.3.5
Summary of Thermal Atmospheric Compensation
280
7.4.
APPROACHES TO MEASUREMENT OF REFLECTIVITY
280
7.4.1
Ground Truth Methods (Reflectance), a.k.a. Empirical Line Method
(ELM)
280
7.4.2
In-Scene Methods (Reflectance)
284
7.4.3
Atmospheric Propagation Models (Reflectance)
291
7.5
RELATIVE CALIBRATION (REFLECTANCE)
310
7.5.1
Spectral Ratio Techniques
310
7.5.2
Scene-to-Scene Normalization
312
7.6
COMPENSATION OF IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA FOR ATMOSPHERIC
EFFECTS
315
7.6.1
Inversion to Reflectance
317
7.6.2
Spectral Polishing
322
7.7
SUMMARY OF ATMOSPHERIC COMPENSATION ISSUES
324
7.8
REFERENCES
326
CHAPTER
8
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING PRINCIPLES
333
8.1
POINT PROCESSING
336
8.2
NEIGHBORHOOD OPERATIONS-KERNELALGEBRA
342
8.3
STRUCTURE OR TEXTURE MEASURES
347
xjv
Contents
8.4 GLOBAL
OPERATIONS 352
8.5 IMAGE
RESTORATION 360
8.6
REFERENCES 368
CHAPTER
9
MULTISPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING ALGORITHMS: LAND COVER
CLASSIFICATION 371
9.1
REVIEW OF MATRIX METHODS
372
9.1.1
Vector Algebra
372
9.1.2
Matrix Algebra
375
9.1.3
Eigenvectors and Singular Value Decomposition
(SVD)
377
9.2
IMAGE CLASSIFICATION
381
9.2.1
Supervised Classification of a Single-Band Image
381
9.2.2
Supervised Multispectral Image Classification
388
9.2.3
Unsupervised Multivariate Classifier
396
9.2.4
Multivariate Classification Using Texture Metrics
398
9.2.5
Evaluation of Class Maps
399
9.2.6
Limitations of Conventional Multispectral Classification
405
9.3
IMAGE TRANSFORMS
405
9.4
HIERARCHICAL IMAGE PROCESSING
411
9.5
REFERENCES
411
CHAPTER
10
SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGE ANALYSIS
413
10.1
PERSPECTIVES ON SPECTRAL DATA
414
10.1.1
The Geometric or Deterministic Perspective
414
10.1.2
The Statistical Perspective
415
10.1.3
Spectral Feature Representation
416
10.2
ISSUES OF DIMENSIONALITY AND NOISE
416
10.2.1
Dimensionality Reduction
416
10.2.2
Noise Characterization: Noise versus Clutter
420
10.2.3
Noise-Sensitive Dimensionality Reduction
422
10.2.4
Estimation of the Dimensionality of a Data Set
424
10.3
GEOMETRIC OR DETERMINISTIC APPROACHES TO SPECTRAL IMAGE
ANALYSIS
426
10.3.1
End Member Selection
427
10.3.2
Detection and Mapping Algorithms Using the Geometric or Structured
Perspective
433
10.3.3
Linear Mixture Models and Fraction Maps
438
10.4
STATISTICAL APPROACHES TO SPECTRAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
445
10.4.1
Estimation of Relevant Statistical Parameters
445
10.4.2
Target Detection Using Statistical Characterization of the Image
448
10.5
SPECTRAL FEATURE APPROACHES TO SPECTRAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
461
10.6
HYBRID APPROACHES TO SPECTRAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
465
10.7
REFERENCES
477
Contents xv
CHAPTER
11
USE OF PHYSICS-BASED MODELS TO SUPPORT SPECTRAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
ALGORITHMS
481
11.1
SPECTRAL THERMAL INFRARED ANALYSIS METHODS
482
11.2
MODEL MATCHING USING RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELS
491
11.2.1
Model Matching Applied to Atmospheric Compensation
492
11.2.2
Model Matching Applied to Water-Quality Parameter Retrieval
494
11.3
STATISTICAL INVERSION OF PHYSICAL MODELS
503
11.4
INCORPORATION OF PHYSICS-BASED MODELS INTO SPECTRAL ALGORITHM
TRAINING
510
11.5
INCORPORATION OF PHYSICS-BASED SPATIAL SPECTRAL MODELS INTO
ALGORITHM TRAINING
521
11.6
REFERENCES
522
CHAPTER
12
IMAGE/DATA COMBINATION ANDINFORMATION DISSEMINATION
525
12.1
IMAGE DISPLAY
525
12.2
THEMATIC AND DERIVED INFORMATION
533
12.3
OTHER SOURCES OF INFORMATION
534
12.3.1
GIS
Concepts
534
12.3.2
Databases and Models
547
12.4
IMAGE FUSION
549
12.5
KNOW YOUR CUSTOMER
555
12.6
REFERENCES
555
CHAPTER
13
WEAK LINKS IN THE CHAIN
557
13.1
RESOLUTION EFFECTS (SPATIAL FIDELITY)
558
13.1.1
Spatial Image Fidelity Metrics
558
13.1.2
System MTF
564
13.1.3
Measurement of, and Correction for, MTF Effects
583
13.2
RADIOMETRIC EFFECTS
591
13.2.1
Noise
592
13.2.2
Noise Artifacts
594
13.2.3
Approaches for Correction of Noise and Periodic Structure in Images
595
13.3
SPECTRAL AND POLARIZATION EFFECTS
597
13.3.1
Feature/Spectral Band Selection
599
13.3.2
Polarization Issues
601
13.4
SPATIAL, SPECTRAL, AND RADIOMETRIC TRADEOFFS
604
13.5
IMAGE-QUALITY METRICS
605
13.6
SUMMARY OF IMAGE CHAIN CONCEPTS
610
13.7
REFERENCES 613
xvi Contents
CHAPTER
14
IMAGE
MODELING
617
14.1 SIMULATION
ISSUES
617
14.2
APPROACHES TO
SIMULATION 620
14.2.1
Physical Models
620
14.2.2
Fully Computerized Models
622
14.3
A MODELING EXAMPLE
626
14.4
APPLICATION OF
SIG
MODELS
635
14.5
SIG
MODELING AND THE IMAGE CHAIN APPROACH
646
14.6
REFERENCES
647
APPENDIX A
BLACKBODY
CALCULATIONS
649
INDEX
|
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| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.36/78 |
| dewey-search | 621.36/78 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.36 278 |
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| discipline | Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik Geographie |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV036804051 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:48:36Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780195178173 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020720165 |
| oclc_num | 636803142 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-703 DE-706 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-703 DE-706 |
| physical | XVI, 666 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publishDateSearch | 2007 |
| publishDateSort | 2007 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Schott, John Robert 1951- Verfasser (DE-588)136562698 aut Remote sensing the image chain approach John R. Schott 2. ed. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2007 XVI, 666 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 gnd rswk-swf Fernerkundung (DE-588)4016796-3 gnd rswk-swf Bildauswertung (DE-588)4145394-3 gnd rswk-swf Fernerkundung (DE-588)4016796-3 s DE-604 Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 s Bildauswertung (DE-588)4145394-3 s Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020720165&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Schott, John Robert 1951- Remote sensing the image chain approach Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 gnd Fernerkundung (DE-588)4016796-3 gnd Bildauswertung (DE-588)4145394-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4224344-0 (DE-588)4016796-3 (DE-588)4145394-3 |
| title | Remote sensing the image chain approach |
| title_auth | Remote sensing the image chain approach |
| title_exact_search | Remote sensing the image chain approach |
| title_full | Remote sensing the image chain approach John R. Schott |
| title_fullStr | Remote sensing the image chain approach John R. Schott |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remote sensing the image chain approach John R. Schott |
| title_short | Remote sensing |
| title_sort | remote sensing the image chain approach |
| title_sub | the image chain approach |
| topic | Satellitenfernerkundung (DE-588)4224344-0 gnd Fernerkundung (DE-588)4016796-3 gnd Bildauswertung (DE-588)4145394-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Satellitenfernerkundung Fernerkundung Bildauswertung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020720165&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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