Contextul preelectoral: cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Romanian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chişinău
Bons Offices
2008
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. und russ. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 100 S. |
| ISBN: | 9789975801751 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143480616779776 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CUPRINS
Glosar şi acronime
...............................................................................................................5
Misiune şi sumar executiv
...................................................................................................7
Misiune
...........................................................................................................................................................7
Sumar executiv
.............................................................................................................................................8
Capitolul
I.
CONSIDERAŢIUNI GENERALE. EVOLUŢIA LEGISLAŢIEI ELECTORALE
...........15
Capitolul
II.
CONTEXTUL ELECTORAL
...............................................................................19
Secţiunea
1.
SISTEMUL ELECTORAL
......................................................................................................19
Secţiunea
2.
PARTIDELE POLITICE
..........................................................................................................22
Secţiunea
3.
LIBERTATEA ÎNTRUNIRILOR
..............................................................................................28
Secţiunea
4.
MASS-MEDIA
Şl INFORMAREA PUBLICĂ
.....................................................................29
Secţiunea
5.
SOCIETATEA CIVILĂ
..........................................................................................................34
Secţiunea
6.
EDUCAŢIA CIVICĂ Şl SUPORTUL INTERNAŢIONAL
..................................................39
Secţiunea
7.
DREPTURILE ELECTORALE
................................................................................................40
Capitolul III. PROCESUL ELECTORAL
.................................................................................45
Secţiunea
8.
FIXAREA DATEI ALEGERILOR
...........................................................................................45
Secţiunea
9.
BUGET Şl RESURSE
............................................................................................................47
Secţiunea
11.
ORGANELE ELECTORALE, CIRCUMSCRIPŢIILE Şl SECŢIILE DE VOTARE
..............48
Secţiunea
1 2.
LISTELE ELECTORALE
......................................................................................................52
Secţiunea
1 3.
DESEMNAREA Şl ÎNREGISTRAREA CANDIDAŢILOR
................................................55
Secţiunea
14.
VOTAREA
..........................................................................................................................59
Secţiunea
15.
OBSERVAREA ALEGERILOR
..........................................................................................
ó
1
Secţiunea
1 6.
NUMĂRAREA VOTURILOR Şl TOTALIZAREA REZULTATELOR ALEGERILOR
.......62
Capitolul
IV.
EXAMINAREA Şl SOLUŢIONAREA LITIGIILOR ELECTORALE
.......................67
Capitolul
V.
REZULTATELE STUDIULUI SOCIOLOGIC
.........................................................71
Concluzii şi recomandări
...................................................................................................79
Executive
Summary
...........................................................................................................89
Краткий обзор
....................................................................................................................95
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
Reference documents
When writing the Pre-electoral Context
- 2009
Study, the authors thoroughly analyzed
the national and international legislation and case law in electoral matters, and other
related areas. Special attention was paid to recommendations provided by specialized
international institutions, as follows:
•
The Joint Opinion of the Council of Europe (CoE) and OSCE/ODIHR on the Electoral
Code of the Republic of Moldova amended on July
22,
November
4,
November
17, 2005,
adopted by the Venice Commission at its 66th plenary session (Venice,
March
20, 2006,
CDL-AD(2006)001).
•
The Joint Opinion of the CoE and OSCE/ODIHR on the Electoral Code of the Re¬
public of Moldova, adopted during the 73rd plenary session of the Venice Com¬
mission (Venice, December
14-15, 2007,
CDL-ADf
2007)040;)
•
The Joint Opinion on the Electoral Code of the Republic of Moldova with the amend¬
ments dated April
10, 2008
(Opinion No.
484/2008,
CDL(2008)094));
•
The Report of the Committee on Honoring the Obligations and Commitments by
Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Commission), APCE (doc.
1 1374,
September
14, 2007).
A number of reports developed by international and domestic election observation mis¬
sions have been analyzed, such as:
•
The Final Report of the OSCE/ODIHR Observation Mission on the Parliamentary
Elections from March
6, 2005;
•
The Final Report of the OSCE/ODIHR Observation Mission on the Local Elections
from June
3-17, 2007;
•
Reports of the
NGOs
Civic Coalition for Free and Fair Elections
-
Coalition
2005
and
2007
developed by the League for Defense of Human Rights of Moldova (LA-
DOM), Independent Journalism Center (UC), Association of Independent Press (API)
and other civic groups.
89
Contextul Preelectoral
2009
Executive Summary
Evolution of the Electoral Legislation
CoE monitoring of the country and particular provisions of the EU-Moldova Action Plan on
ensuring free and fair elections and functional democratic institutions contributed consider¬
ably to the improvement of the electoral and related legislation, as well as to the improve¬
ment of the procedures in the given area.
In the same time, there were some amendments to the current legal framework that will be
definitely debated by political actors, civil society and international partners. Prohibition
of pre-electoral political alliances (electoral blocks) and increased electoral threshold may
prevent some political parties and independent candidates from access to Parliament.
However, the electoral legislation and myriad amendments to the Moldovan Electoral Code
were in fact determined by the current political interests and not by the idea of improving
the situation of voters.
Electoral System
During four previous Parliamentary elections the fully proportional electoral system was
used. According to international experts, and based on a recent public opinion poll, there
is a need to proceed with the electoral system reform in order to increase voters interest,
parties and leaders competitiveness and country credibility on international arena.
Political Parties
According to the Electoral Code, before the start of election campaign, the political parties
and media are invited to sign a Code of Conduct, which is expected to be monitored by Cen¬
tral Electoral Commission, Audio-Visual Coordination Council and independent observers.
The recent legislative amendments in the field influence to a large extent the political
parties activities during and in between the election campaigns. The new Law on political
parties does not provide for clear procedures on the control over their financial operations.
This way, some political parties are already alleging that the controlling institutions may
inappropriately apply the law in an abusive manner.
Assemblies
The new Law on Assemblies, which provides better conditions and simplified procedures
for organizers, represents a major achievement, including from the election campaign per¬
spective.
90
Contextul Preelectoral
2009
Executive Summary
Although the
legal
provisions regarding the MP s status were revised, they may further
create possibilities for using the administrative factors in organizing electoral assemblies
and this issue v/as not sufficiently addressed in the Electoral Code
-
as MPs were excluded
from the list of officials who have to suspend their activities, in case they get registered as
electoral candidates. There is still time for improving the legislation under the respective
aspect, but this issue should be addressed as soon as possible.
Mass-Media and Public Information
Citizens trust in mass-media institutions remains relatively constant, as well as the num¬
ber of institutions that are active in the respective field, which have registered a certain
evolution. Nevertheless, the political and economic tensions still persist, and mass-media
funding remains to be precarious
—
this may strongly influence mass-media institutional
independence and the editorial policy. The situation in the field of the right and freedom
of expression in the Republic of Moldova further on determines some concerns regarding
the freedom of the media, access to media and unbiased coverage of the parliamentary
elections.
The amendments operated to the electoral legislation on the collaboration between the
media and the electoral bodies, electoral contestants, on the information of the public at
large, on the organization of the public debates based on equal conditions for all candi¬
dates represent an important achievement.
Certain deficiencies may challenge the regulations regarding the sanctions for the violation
of the norms about elections presentation, as well as the assimilation of the advertisement
through internet and mobile telephony with the advertisement in mass-media. These sub¬
jects should be addressed prior the launch of the electoral campaign, for the regulations
in the field to become clear and uniformly applicable from the very start, without any
abuses.
Civil Society and Civic Education
The participative sector in the Republic of Moldova is relatively developed, and the evolu¬
tions form the last years attest the beginning of the collaboration between the civil society
organizations and public authorities, the last one becoming more open to cooperation and
information. The registered deficiencies did not have a major negative impact, but the last
trends observed in the activity of the authorities with registration and control duties need
additional attention as they may degenerate into abuses.
91
Contextul Preelectoral
2009
Executive Summary
A number of specialized organizations are
active
during the electoral period, but only
the Coalition for Free and Fair Elections is active on permanent basis. The civil society
organizations are the drivers for promoting the programs of civic and electoral educa¬
tion, facilitating the information and education of the voters. For the purpose of achieving
high efficiency, this process should be supported by mass-media, especially the public
audio-visual sector. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the technical and financial
assistance for supporting the domestic and international organizations which are active in
the fields of civic education and comprehensive election observation.
Electoral Rights
The problem dealing with the full realization of the right to vote was not sufficiently ad¬
dressed, as further recommendations persist for excluding the obligation of registering the
place of residence and eliminating the general interdictions applied in case of detain¬
ees without a court or administrative decision which would establish the voting restriction
on individual basis. Some new restrictions imposed to persons with dual citizenship have
emerged.
At the present moment, no adequate solutions were approved for ensuring the right to
vote of the citizens residing on the left side of the River
Nistru
and the citizens who work
abroad.
Budget and Resources
The financial means provided for elections are increasing but are not sufficient, and their
allocation is made with delays and difficulties. The assessment practices for the preliminary
cost estimates need to be revised to ensure the
CEC
independence and autonomy in estab¬
lishing and administrating the electoral budget.
Electoral Entities
The changes on the composition of electoral bodies had a positive impact due to the mu¬
tual control from the representatives assigned by the political parties. However, there are
still concerns regarding the political biases of election commissioners and potential ground¬
less dismissals of electoral commissioners.
92
Contextul Preelectoral
2009
Executive Summary
Electoral Lists
The full and accurate compilation of the electoral lists was one of the most disputed prob¬
lems during the electoral campaigns. The amendments made over the time in the Electoral
Code created the necessary mechanism for concluding and verifying the lists, and the State
Automated Information System Elections represents the necessary base for setting up
the Voters Register in electronic format. The informatization and securization of the given
process should enclose adequate training and corresponding technical equipment, and the
carried out activity should be transparent and verifiable.
Designation and Registration of Candidates
The main legislative changes made in the given area refer to the interdiction for electoral
blocks to participate in elections and for members of other political structures to be des¬
ignated on the lists of a party, as well as the interdiction to elect persons with dual citizen¬
ship as MPs. Attention should be given also to the fact that there were not introduced dear
regulations and procedures regarding candidates declarations of income and property,
and there are no direct details regarding the reasons invoking the possibility to cancel
candidates registration.
Voting. Counting Votes. Totalizing Results.
The information and education of the electorate about the importance of participation in
elections and the voting process requires further attention. The amendments on counting
and tabulation of votes led to increased transparency of the process and reduced the like¬
lihood of electoral frauds. The adequate implementation of the State Automated Informa¬
tion System Elections may contribute significantly to improving and urging the procedures
for vote counting and tabulation of results. The Electoral Code and/or the guidelines in the
field should provide directly and exhaustively for the causes that may serve as grounds
for re-counting the votes.
Electoral Litigations
The examination and settlement of the electoral conflicts has always generated criticism,
especially regarding the clarity and the promptness of the procedure. The amendments
adopted to the Electoral Code after the
2005
parliamentary elections aimed to clarify
the jurisdictions and to make order in the procedure of hierarchical contestation. However,
the objections related to the sanctions and liability for violations of the electoral law were
not settled.
93
Contextul Preelectoral
2009
Executive Summary
Opinion Poll
Within the framework of the study on the electoral context, a public poll was organized so
as to test the pre-electoral situation. The poll data conclude that the citizens of the Republic
of Moldova perceive the democracy system existing in the country exclusively at institu¬
tional level, and the operational aspects of this system s vital activities are assessed by
the majority of the population in negative terms; a rather low level for social and political
participation is underlined. The participation in the electoral process is assessed by the citi¬
zens as being insignificant, without confidence that their vote may influence decisively the
political changes in the country; respectively, this trend induces unfavorable perception of
the perspectives for promoting the democratic values and for developing the democratic
process in the country. The opinion poll also reveals a low level of population s confidence
in the associative sector, and implicitly a low level of citizens confidence in civil society s
perspectives to develop in European parameters.
94
|
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| id | DE-604.BV036792093 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:48:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789975801751 |
| language | Romanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020708548 |
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| physical | 100 S. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Bons Offices |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Boţan, Igor Verfasser aut Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 Igor Boţan ; Ion Creangă ; Corneliu Gurin Chişinău Bons Offices 2008 100 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. und russ. Sprache Geschichte 1993-2009 gnd rswk-swf Wahlrecht (DE-588)4064302-5 gnd rswk-swf Wahl (DE-588)4064286-0 gnd rswk-swf Moldawien (DE-588)4039967-9 gnd rswk-swf Moldawien (DE-588)4039967-9 g Wahl (DE-588)4064286-0 s Wahlrecht (DE-588)4064302-5 s Geschichte 1993-2009 z DE-604 Creangă, Ion Verfasser aut Gurin, Corneliu Verfasser aut Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020708548&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 2 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020708548&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Boţan, Igor Creangă, Ion Gurin, Corneliu Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 Wahlrecht (DE-588)4064302-5 gnd Wahl (DE-588)4064286-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4064302-5 (DE-588)4064286-0 (DE-588)4039967-9 |
| title | Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 |
| title_auth | Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 |
| title_exact_search | Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 |
| title_full | Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 Igor Boţan ; Ion Creangă ; Corneliu Gurin |
| title_fullStr | Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 Igor Boţan ; Ion Creangă ; Corneliu Gurin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 Igor Boţan ; Ion Creangă ; Corneliu Gurin |
| title_short | Contextul preelectoral |
| title_sort | contextul preelectoral cadrul legislativ si contextual electoral din republica moldova in preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 |
| title_sub | cadrul legislativ şi contextual electoral din Republica Moldova în preajma alegerilor parlamentare din 2009 |
| topic | Wahlrecht (DE-588)4064302-5 gnd Wahl (DE-588)4064286-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Wahlrecht Wahl Moldawien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020708548&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020708548&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT botanigor contextulpreelectoralcadrullegislativsicontextualelectoraldinrepublicamoldovainpreajmaalegerilorparlamentaredin2009 AT creangaion contextulpreelectoralcadrullegislativsicontextualelectoraldinrepublicamoldovainpreajmaalegerilorparlamentaredin2009 AT gurincorneliu contextulpreelectoralcadrullegislativsicontextualelectoraldinrepublicamoldovainpreajmaalegerilorparlamentaredin2009 |