Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej: wybrane elementy polityki państwa
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Kraków
Zakład Wydawniczy Nomos
2010
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: National and ethnic minorities in Poland after WWII |
| Beschreibung: | 413 S. 24 cm. |
| ISBN: | 9788376880235 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | MNIEJSZO*CI NARODOWE I ETNICZNE W POLSCE PO II WOJNIE *WIATOWEJ WYBRANE
ELEMENTY POLITYKI PA*STWA POD REDAKCJ* STEFANA DUDRY I BERNADETTY
NITSCHKE NOMOS SPIS TRE*CI WYKAZ SKROTOW 7 ANDRZEJ SAKSON, PRZEDMOWA 11
S*AWOMIR *ODZI*SKI, POLITYKA WOBEC MNIEJSZO*CI NARODOWYCH I ETNICZNYCH W
POLSCE W LATACH 1945-2008 13 CZ*** I MNIEJSZO*CI NARODOWE BEMADETTA
NITSCHKE, NIEMCY 37 EUGENIUSZ MIRONOWICZ, BIA*ORUSINI 66 ROMAN DROZD,
UKRAI*CY (DO 1989 R.) 91 BOHDAN HALCZAK, UKRAI*CY (PO 1989 R.) 113
LESZEK OLEJNIK, ROSJANIE 127 KRZYSZTOF TARKA, LITWINI 148 LESZEK
OLEJNIK, CZESI I S*OWACY 164 GRZEGORZ PE*CZY*SKI, ORMIANIE 195 FATIMA
NOWAK-MA*OLEPSZA I TAMARA W*ODARCZYK, *YDZI 208 CZ*** II MNIEJSZO*CI
ETNICZNE *UKASZ KWADRANS, ROMOW1E 229 STEFAN DUDRA, *EMKOW1E 256 SELIM
CHAZBIJEWICZ, TATARZY 288 STEFAN DUDRA I RENATA KUBIAK, KARAIMI 305
CZ*** III MNIEJSZO*CI POSTULOWANE KAMILLA DOLI*SKA, *L*ZACY 337 CEZARY
OBRACHT-PRONDZY*SKI, SPO*ECZNO** KASZUBSKA 356 BIBLIOGRAFIA 395 SUMMARY:
NATIONAL AND ETHNIC MINORITIES IN POLAND AFTER WWII: SELECTED ELEMENTS
OSTATE POLICY 411
SUMMARY
NATIONALAND
ETHNIC MINORITIES
IN POLAND AFTER WWII:
SELECTED ELEMENTS OF STATE POLICY
For centuries Poland was a multicultural state. At the end of the
1930s,
national
minorities comprised approximately
36%
of the inhabitants of the Second Republic
of Poland. The largest national minority by far was the Ukrainian
(5
million), next
was the Jewish
(3.1
million), followed by the Belorusian
(2
million), German
(0.784
million), Lithuanian
(0.2
million), Russian
(0.14
million), and others
(0.09
million).
In the interwar period, this country was noted among states with the highest density
of ethno-national minorities. The heritage of the First Republic
-
also known as the
Republic of Many Nations
-
is still manifest in Polish culture and tradition.
The Second World War and its aftermath, however, made a conspicuous impact
on relationships between nations in Poland. Due to the policies of the III Reich oc¬
cupation, the shifts in the Polish-Soviet border, as well as the population movements
charged by the Potsdam Conference, the numbers of these populations decidedly
decreased. The latest data, drawn from the
2002
national census, indicates that over
471,500
citizens declare a nationality other than Polish. The most numerous minority
at this point in time is the German with
152,900
persons asserting their adherence to
this group. Taking size of populace into consideration, one can continue the list of
national minorities: Belorusian
- 48,700;
Ukrainian
- 31,000;
Russian
- 6,100;
Lithu¬
anian
- 5,800;
Slovakian
- 2,000;
Armenian
- 1,100;
Jewish
- 1,100;
and Czech
- 800
persons. In the case of ethnic minorities, the leading group is the Roma
- 12,900,
followed by the Carpatho-Rusyns (Lemko)
- 5,900,
Tatars
- 500,
and, finally, the
smallest minority, the Karaites with barely
45
persons.
Looking at the modest size of the national and ethnic minorities in contemporary
Poland, one could arrive at the conclusion that they are at present perceived solely as
a component of the historical legacy. In fact, there is evidence of intolerance towards
representatives of other nations and of national minorities. The question of why na¬
turally comes to mind. Is a belief in the interwar and even earlier national stereotypes
still present in the consciousness of most Poles? Are these passed on via
a socializa-
412
Summary
tion
process that draws upon previously-dominant political orientations according to
which minorities constituted at least a potential threat in the process of reconstructing
a sovereign national state? Was this rooted in the discovery that, in the (at long last)
autonomous state, Poles would still not be alone in their homeland? Was this a matter
of difficulty with the terms of democracy requiring Poles to share their independence
with others, with aliens? Or perhaps there are some other inspirations for a fear of
minorities in the state?
In general, there is an awareness that the very introduction of democratic rales and
regulations has never actually produced a fundamental demolition of various dimen¬
sions of inequality, especially ethno-cultural group inequities. Nevertheless, democra¬
tic guidelines significantly empower the agency of all citizens, including national mi¬
norities. All this inspires all manner of discourse on the subject of minority status
under the altered circumstances underlying the new political-economic system.
The grand social transformation of
1989 -
the radical turn towards democracy and
capitalism in Poland
-
caused a departure from the heretofore binding nation-state
policies which were based upon the concept of a homogenous, monocultural state.
Starting from
1989,
the new government worked to install a guiding principle towar¬
ds national and ethnic minorities more typical of democratic countries. Enacted on
1
May
2005
was a statute passed by the Polish
Sejm
(the lower house of parliament)
on
6
January of the same year. On the one hand, the adoption of the Statute on natio¬
nal and ethnic minorities and on regional languages
-
seen as a minor constitution
for minorities
-
confirmed rights and privileges over which a 5-year battle had been
waged. On the other hand, however, it provided the spark for potential new fires. One
case in point is that it disregarded to a significant degree the aspirations of the regional
Silesians and Kashubians.
Debates about the need to pass a law which would regulate the functioning of
national and ethnic minorities, as well as about the exact shape and extent of such
an edict, had taken place not only among various minority circles, but also between
most of the minorities and the national and local authorities, not to mention discus¬
sions among various political clubs represented in parliament. This volume is devoted
precisely to an analysis of these issues. The focus herein contrasts with that of earlier
publications, most of which referred to specific national minorities. Here national and
ethnic minorities in Poland are presented together, according to the way in which the
minorities statute refers to them; this, among other things, permitted dealing with the
Kashubians labeled in terms of a language minority and the Silesians who were
designated a postulated minority.
In this publication the authors acquaint the reader with a more comprehensive and
complex review of national politics in the Polish state after WWII. Each contributor,
in sketching out the circumstances of the national and ethnic minorities in postwar
Poland, reveals not only the demographic changes made manifest within the group
itself, but, above all, the changes in identity. On the one hand, the assimilation process
is described, yet, on the other, so are the paths leading to emancipation, often under-
Summary
413
stood as national rebirth. Here the reader will find not only interesting information
regarding individual minorities, but also the crux of the contests and controversies
regarding the criteria by which a given community is classified as either a national,
ethnic, or language minority. As becomes clear, bureaucratic and legal criteria do not
correspond to the findings of scholars and researchers. Overall, this book attempts
to systematize data and details about the minorities living here. It constitutes a com¬
pendium of knowledge for anyone interested in national and other minority group
relations in contemporary Poland.
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
|
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| era | Geschichte 1945- gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1945- |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:47:55Z |
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| isbn | 9788376880235 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020696257 |
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| spelling | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa pod red. Stefana Dudry ... Kraków Zakład Wydawniczy Nomos 2010 413 S. 24 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: National and ethnic minorities in Poland after WWII Geschichte 1945- gnd rswk-swf Nationale Minderheit (DE-588)4039409-8 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Nationale Minderheit (DE-588)4039409-8 s Geschichte 1945- z DE-604 Dudra, Stefan 1964- Sonstige (DE-588)119913404X oth HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020696257&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020696257&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa Nationale Minderheit (DE-588)4039409-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4039409-8 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
| title | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa |
| title_auth | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa |
| title_exact_search | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa |
| title_full | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa pod red. Stefana Dudry ... |
| title_fullStr | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa pod red. Stefana Dudry ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej wybrane elementy polityki państwa pod red. Stefana Dudry ... |
| title_short | Mniejszości narodowe i etniczne w Polsce po II wojnie światowej |
| title_sort | mniejszosci narodowe i etniczne w polsce po ii wojnie swiatowej wybrane elementy polityki panstwa |
| title_sub | wybrane elementy polityki państwa |
| topic | Nationale Minderheit (DE-588)4039409-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Nationale Minderheit Polen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020696257&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020696257&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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