Verfügbarkeit: Tourism economics and policy

Tourism economics and policy:

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Hauptverfasser:	Dwyer, Larry (VerfasserIn), Forsyth, Peter 1946- (VerfasserIn), Dwyer, Wayne (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Bristol [u.a.] Channel View Publ. 2010
Schriftenreihe:	Aspects of tourism texts 3
Schlagworte:	Politik Tourism > Forecasting Tourism > Management Tourism > Government policy Tourismusindustrie Fremdenverkehrspolitik Wirtschaft
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext
Beschreibung:	XVIII, 855 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9781845411510 9781845411527

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	CONTENTS Preface ............................................... xvii 1 Overview ............................................. 1 Tourism Demand and Forecasting ............................. 5 Tourism Supply and Pricing Strategies ........................... 8 Distinguishing the Economic Contribution, Economic Impacts and Net Benefits of Tourism ................................. 11 Measuring Tourism s Economic Contribution, Impacts and Net Benefits ........................................ 12 Tourism Investment ...................................... 19 Taxation and Tourism ..................................... 23 Tourism and Aviation ..................................... 25 Tourism and the Environment ................................ 26 Destination Competitiveness ................................. 31 Directions for Tourism Research .............................. 33 Tourism Demand and Forecasting 35 2 Demand for Tourism .................................... 37 2.1 Introduction ....................................... 37 2.2 Factors Influencing Tourism Demand ....................... 37 2.2.1 Demand for travel to a destination .................... 38 2.2.2 Demand for a tourism product ....................... 38 2.3 Tourism Demand and Elasticit} ........................... 41 2.3.1 Price elasticity of demand .......................... 42 2.3.2 Income elasticity of demand ........................ 47 2.3.3 Cross-price elasticity of demand ...................... 48 2.3.4 Marketing elasticity of demand ....................... 54 CONTENTS 2.4 Modelling Tourism Demand ............................. 54 2.4.1 Model specification .............................. 55 2.4.2 Collecting data on the variables ...................... 55 2.4.3 Specifying the form of the demand function .............. 56 2.4.4 Testing the econometric results ...................... 57 2.5 Measuring Demand for International Tourism Arrivals ............ 59 2.5.1 Dependent variables ............................. 60 2.5.2 Independent (explanatory) variables ................... 61 2.6 Conclusions and Policy ................................ 79 3 Forecasting Tourism Demand .............................. 83 3.1 Introduction ....................................... 83 3.2 The Importance of Forecasting in Tourism .................... 84 3.3 Forecasting Approaches ................................ 88 3.4 Qualitative Approaches to Forecasting ....................... 89 3.5 Time-Series Approaches to Forecasting ...................... 94 3.5.1 Components of a time series ........................ 99 3.5.2 Smoothing techniques ............................103 3.5.3 Forecasting tourism arrivals using time-series analysis ......................................109 3.5.4 Shortcomings of time-series approaches .................110 3.6 Barometric Techniques ................................ 110 3.7 Econometric Approaches to Forecasting .....................114 3.7.1 Specifying an econometric model .....................115 3.8 The Quest for Forecasting Accuracy ........................122 3.8.1 Evaluating forecasts ............................. 122 3.8.2 No single best approach ..........................122 3.9 A Hybrid or Integrative Approach .........................125 3.10 Conclusions and Policy ................................129 Tourism Supply and Pricing Strategies 133 4 Tourism Supply ........................................135 4.1 Introduction .......................................135 4.1.1 Tourism is not like other industries ....................136 4.1.2 Tourism products are not like other products ..............137 4.2 Factors Influencing Tourism Supply ........................139 4.2.1 Tourism supply and price .......................... 139 4.2.2 Tourism supply and non-price factors .................. 139 4.3 Tourism Supply and Elasticity ............................ 141 4.4 Production, Costs and Supply ............................ 143 CONTI .NTS 4.4.1 Production ................................... 143 4.4.2 Costs ....................................... 144 4.4.3 The relationship between production and costs ............ 146 4.4.4 Private costs and social costs in tourism ................. 152 4.5 Consumer Surplus and Producer Surplus .....................153 4.6 Tourism Market Structure ...............................154 4.6.1 Structure-Conduct—Performance .....................154 4.6.2 Market structure ................................154 4.6.3 Conduct .....................................164 4.6.4 Performance ..................................166 4.6.5 Public policy ..................................167 4.7 Tourism Supply Chains and Firm Structure ....................167 4.7.1 Vertical integration .............................. 168 4.7.2 Horizontal integration ............................ 168 4.7.3 Strategic alliances ............................... 171 4.8 Conclusions and Policy ................................ 172 5 Strategic Pricing in Tourism ............................... 176 5.1 Introduction ....................................... 176 5.2 Competitive Strategies ................................. 178 5.3 Competitive Pricing Strategies ............................ 180 5.3.1 Marginal pricing ................................181 5.3.2 Non-marginal pricing .............................195 5.4 Non-competitive (Collusive) Pricing Strategies ..................197 5.4.1 Cartel .......................................197 5.4.2 Price leadership ................................198 5.5 Hedonic Modelling to Inform Strategic Pricing .................200 5.6 Conclusions and Policy ................................206 Oistinguishing le Economio Contribution, Economic Impacts and Nel Benefits of Tourism 211 6 Tourism s Economic Contribution, Economic Impacts and Net Benefits .............................................213 6.1 Introduction .......................................213 6.2 The Fxonomic Contribution of Tourism .....................213 6.3 The Economic Impacts of Tourism .........................216 6.3.1 Direct effects ..................................217 6.3.2 Indirect effects .................................218 6.3.3 Induced effects ................................218 6.3.4 Leakages .....................................219 COX IT.NTS 6.4 The Costs and Benefits ofTourism .........................221 6.4.1 Pxonomic impacts are not benefits ....................222 6.4.2 Importance for policy ............................223 6.5 Sources of Costs and Benefits ............................224 6.5.1 Terms of trade effects ............................ 225 6.5.2 Taxation, government revenue and subsidies .............. 226 6.5.3 Market power ................................. 227 6.5.4 Underemployment .............................. 228 6.5.5 Foreign exchange effect ........................... 229 6.5.6 Externalities .................................. 229 6.6 Econom}- Wide Effects on Net Benefits ...................... 232 6.7 Conclusions and Policy ................................ 233 Measuring Tourism s Economie Contribution, Impacts and Net Benefits 237 7 The Economic Contribution ofTourism: Tourism Satellite Accounts ................................239 7.1 Introduction .......................................239 7.2 What is a TSA? .....................................241 7.3 The Importance of TSA ................................246 7.3.1 TSA identify tourism and tourist ....................246 7.3.2 TSA identify a tourism industry .....................248 7.3.3 TSA measure the key economic variables ................252 7.3.4 TSA measure tourism s interrelationship with other industries ....................................254 7.3.5 TSA support inter-industry comparisons ................254 7.3.6 TSA support international comparisons .................255 7.3.7 TSA give credibility to estimates of the economic contribution of tourism ...........................255 7.3.8 TSA provide a tool for tourism research and policy analysis .... 255 7.4 Updating TSA ......................................256 7.5 Regional TSA ......................................258 7.6 TSA as a Policy Instrument ..............................265 7.6.1 Direct versus indirect economic contribution of tourism ......265 7.6.2 Economic contribution versus economic impact ...........266 7.7 Using TSA: Developing Measures of Tourism Performance .........267 7.7.1 Tourism yield ..................................267 7.7.2 Tourism productivity .............................275 7.7.3 Calculating the carbon footprint of tourism ...............277 7.8 Conclusions and Policy ................................279 CONTENTS 8 Economic Impacts of Tourism Using Input-Output Models .........282 8.1 Introduction .......................................282 8.2 Purpose of Economic Impact Analysis ......................283 8.3 The Tourism Multiplier ................................284 8.3.1 Keynesian multipliers .............................286 8.3.2 Multipliers based on economic modelling ................ 28~ 8.4 Multipliers Based on l -О Models ..........................288 8.4.1 Structure of an l -О table .......................... 288 8.4.2 The direct requirements matrix ...................... 292 8.4.3 Types of I—O multipliers ........................... 293 8.4.4 Disaggregating I—O multiplier effects .................. 294 8.4.5 SAM multipliers ................................ 296 8.4.6 Static versus dynamic 1— О models ..................... 299 8.4.7 Use of I— (3 multipliers in tourism economic impact studies ..... 299 8.5 Limitations ofTourism I—O Multipliers ...................... 300 8.5.1 Restrictive assumptions ........................... 301 8.6 How Tourism Multipliers are Misused .......................309 8.6.1 Using inappropriate multipliers ......................310 8.6.2 Failure to recognise expenditure diversion ................310 8.6.3 Induced income multipliers ........................310 8.6.4 Misuse of ratio multipliers .........................311 8.6.5 Using an inappropriate model .......................311 8.7 Conclusions and Policy ................................312 9 Economic Impacts ofTourism: CGE Modelling ..................316 9.1 Introduction .......................................316 9.2 The Structure of a CGE Model ...........................317 9.2.1 The Nottingham CGE model .......................319 9.2.2 Static versus dynamic general equilibrium models ...........327 9.3 Economic Impact Assessment Using CGR Models ...............328 9.3.1 Increased tourism to Australia .......................329 9.3.2 Increased tourism to Fiji ...........................333 9.3.3 Reduced tourism to Hawaii .........................336 9.3.4 Effects or foot and mouth disease on UK tourism ..........339 9.3.5 CGE measures of tourism yield ......................342 9.3.6 Policy responses to the impact of 9/11 on US tourism ........345 9.3.7 Tourism and poverty reduction in Brazil .................351 9.3.8 Is an expansion of tourism good for the poor in Thailand? .....356 9.4 Strengths and Limitations of CGE Modelling ..................359 9.5 Conclusions and Policy ................................362 CONTHXTS 10 Cost-Benefit Analysis ....................................365 10.1 Introduction .......................................365 10.2 CBA ............................................367 10.3 When to Use CBA ...................................368 10.3.1 Analysing capital expenditure ........................368 10.3.2 Analysing a policy option ..........................369 10.3.3 Retaining or disposing of an existing asset ................369 10.3.4 Post evaluation of a project or program .................369 10.4 Eight Main Steps in Performing CBA .......................372 10.4.1 Determine the scope and objectives of the analysis ..........372 10.4.2 Consider the alternatives ...........................372 10.4.3 Identify the impacts ..............................373 10.4.4 Value the relevant costs and benefits ...................373 10.4.5 Discount the future costs and benefits ..................377 10.4.6 Apply decision rules .............................378 10.4.7 Sensitivity analysis ...............................383 10.4.8 Post-implementation review ........................389 10.5 Other Issues in Conducting a CBA .........................392 10.5.1 Shadow prices .................................392 10.5.2 Double counting ................................394 10.5.3 Income distributional effects ........................395 10.6 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis ..............................400 10.7 Policy and Conclusions ................................402 11 Economic Evaluation of Special Events .......................405 11.1 Introduction .......................................405 11.2 The Logic of Government Support for Special Events .............407 11.3 Estimating Event-Related New Expenditure ..................409 11.3.1 Setting the boundaries of the host region for the event ........409 11.3.2 New expenditure ...............................411 11.4 The Economic Impact of an Event .........................418 11.5 Challenges to Best Practice Event Assessment ..................419 11.5.1 Failure to correctly estimate new event-related expenditure ...................................419 11.5.2 Uncritical use of I— О models to estimate economic impacts of events ...............................420 11.5.3 Uncritical use of sales (output and transactions) multipliers .....424 11.5.4 Relevance of the labour market ......................425 11.5.5 Relevance of the jurisdiction ........................426 11.5.6 Treatment of construction expenditure .................426 CONTKXTS 11.5.7 Treatment of taxes ..............................428 11.5.8 Event subsidies ................................429 11.6 Estimating the Economic Impacts of Events Using CGE Models ...........................................430 11.6.1 Do event size and location matter? ....................433 11.6.2 A practical solution: Focus on inscope expenditure ..........435 11.7 CBA of Events ......................................436 11.7.1 The economic impacts of an event are not its benefits .......438 11.7.2 CBA of special events: Three case studies ................439 11.8 Improving Event Evaluation .............................452 11.9 Conclusions and Policy ................................453 Tourism investment 12 Investment by Tourism Firms ..............................459 12.1 Introduction .......................................459 12.2 Categories of Tourism Investment .........................460 12.3 Sources of Capital Investment Financing .....................462 12.4 Generating Capital Investment Proposals .....................464 12.5 The Optimal Level of Investment ..........................464 12.5.1 The rate of interest ..............................466 12.6 Selecting Capital Investment Projects .......................467 12.6.1 Estimating cash flows for the project proposals ............467 12.6.2 Discounting ...................................468 12.6.3 The accept—reject decision .........................469 12.6.4 Reviewing investment projects after implementation .........473 12.6.5 Common pitfalls for tourism firms to avoid in capital budgeting ....................................475 12.7 Challenges Facing Tourism Investment ......................476 12.8 Conclusions and Policy ................................486 13 Investing in Tourism Infrastructure ..........................489 13.1 Introduction .......................................489 13.2 Public Infrastructure Investment for Economic Development ........492 13.3 Infrastructure Provision: The New Model ....................494 13.3.1 Public—private partnerships .........................495 13.3.2 User pays ....................................497 13.4 The Congestion Problem in Tourism Infrastructure ..............497 13.5 Regulating Tourism Infrastructure .........................503 13.6 Environmental Constraints and Trade-Offs ....................505 13.7 Infrastructure and Tourism Growth: Necessary but not Sufficient .....506 CONTENTS 13.8 Tourism Infrastructure in Developing Countries ................507 13.9 Conclusions and Policy ................................508 14 Foreign Direct Investment .................................511 14.1 Introduction .......................................511 14.2 Patterns of FDI in Tourism ..............................512 14.3 Motives for FDI in Tourism .............................514 14.3.1 Ownership advantages ............................514 14.3.2 Location-specific advantages ........................515 14.3.3 Market internalisation advantages .....................516 14.4 Effects of FDI on Host Destination ........................516 14.5 Potential Benefits of FDI to Flost Destination ..................517 14.5.1 Provision of capital ..............................517 14.5.2 Marketing and destination promotion effects ..............519 14.5.3 Product and quality effects .........................520 14.5.4 Increased inbound tourism creating income and jobs .........520 14.5.5 Technology transfer ..............................521 14.6 Potential Costs of FDI to Host Destination ...................521 14.6.1 Crowding out of domestic investment ..................521 14.6.2 Greater leakages from tourism imports .................522 14.6.3 Repatriation of profits ............................524 14.6.4 Employment effects .............................525 14.6.5 Loss of equity7 and control ..........................526 14.6.6 Inappropriate form and scale of tourism development ........527 14.7 Domestic Ownership versus Foreign Ownership ................531 14.7.1 Is it better for tourism projects to be domestically owned rather than foreign owned? ....................531 14.8 Conclusions and Policy Implications ........................533 Taxation and Tourism 537 15 Tourism Taxation .......................................539 15.1 Introduction .......................................539 15.2 Types of Tourism Taxation ..............................541 15.3 Effects of Taxation ...................................541 15.3.1 Excess burden .................................541 15.3.2 Tax incidence ..................................545 15.4 Principles of Good Taxation .............................552 15.4.1 Equity (Fairness) ................................552 15.4.2 Efficiency ....................................553 15.4.3 Effective administration ...........................554 CONTENTS 15.5 Arguments for Taxing Tourism ...........................557 15.5.1 Provision of public investment .......................558 15.5.2 Expansion and diversification of the tax base ..............559 15.5.3 Tax base erosion ................................559 15.5.4 Exporting taxes to non-residents .....................559 15.5.5 Taxes to correct for environmental externalities ............561 15.5.6 Taxes to promote tourism destinations ..................563 15.6 Arguments against Tourism Taxation ........................564 15.6.1 Contraction of economic activity .....................565 15.6.2 Retaliation ....................................568 15.7 Earmarking of Specific Tourism Taxes .......................573 15.8 Conclusions and Policy ................................577 Tourism and Aviation 581 16 Aviation and Tourism .................................... 583 16.1 Introduction ....................................... 583 16.2 Aviation and Tourism — the Policy Conflicts ................... 584 16.3 Aviation Technology and Its Economic Consequences ............ 588 16.3.1 Cost structures ................................. 588 16.3.2 Utilisation and pricing ............................ 590 16.3.3 Booking systems ................................ 591 16.3.4 New aircraft types ............................... 591 16.3.5 The LCC phenomenon ........................... 592 16.4 Airline Liberalisation and Tourism Growth .................... 596 16.4.1 The charter market ..............................596 16.4.2 Domestic de-regulation ...........................601 16.4.3 Liberalisation on long-haul markets ....................602 16.5 Airport Capacity and Patterns of Tourism .....................607 16.6 Taxing Tourism and Aviation .............................615 16.7 Aviation and Tourism: Supply-Side Integration .................616 16.8 Aviation Alliances ....................................617 16.9 Conclusions and Policy ................................623 Tourism and the Environment 627 17 Valuing the Environmental Impacts of Tourism ..................629 17.1 Introduction .......................................629 17.2 The Potential Impacts of Tourism on the Environment .......................................630 CONTENTS 17.3 Market Failure ......................................632 17.3.1 Lack of properu* rights to the environment ...............634 17.3.2 The public good aspect of environmental resources .........634 17.3.3 Optimal quantity of a public good .....................636 17.3.4 Externalities ..................................638 17.4 Environmental Preservation versus Development ................641 17.5 Valuing the Impacts of Tourism on the Environment: Total Economic Value .................................642 17.5.1 Use value ....................................643 17.5.2 Non-Use value .................................643 17.6 Estimating the Non-Use Value of Environmental Amenities .........646 17.6.1 Stated preference ...............................646 17.6.2 Revealed preference ..............................654 17.6.3 Imputed valuation ...............................671 17.7 Conclusions and Policy ................................673 18 Economic Instruments and Environmental Protection in Tourism ..... 677 18.1 Introduction ....................................... 677 18.2 The Optimal Level of Pollution ........................... 678 18.3 Insights from Economic Theory .......................... 680 18.4 Strategies for Pollution Control ........................... 681 18.4.1 Voluntary agreements ............................ 681 18.4.2 The bargaining solution ........................... 682 18.4.3 Merger ...................................... 685 18.4.4 Direct controls ................................. 685 18.4.5 Subsidies .................................... 688 18.4.6 Tax on output ................................. 689 18.4.7 Tax on emissions ............................... 691 18.4.8 A market for pollution rights ........................ 693 18.4.9 Other instruments of environmental protection ............ 696 18.5 Assessing Economic Instruments to Protect the Environment ....... 698 18.5.1 Uncertainty ................................... 698 18.5.2 Boundary problems .............................. 700 18.5.3 Transactions costs ............................... 703 18.5.4 Public goods .................................. 703 18.6 Conclusions and Policy ................................ 704 19 Climate Change and Tourism ..............................707 19.1 Introduction .......................................707 19.2 Climate Change and Tourism: A Two-Way Interaction .............709 CONTEXTS 710 19.3 Climate Change Impacts on Tourism ...................... 19.4 Adaptation Policies for Tourism ......................... 19.5 Tourism Impacts on Climate Change ...................... 19.5.1 Measuring tourism s carbon footprint ................ 19.5.2 Tourism s global carbon footprint ................... 19.5.3 The carbon footprint of a destination ................ 19.5.4 Carbon footprint of different tourism markets ........... 19.5.5 Tourism s carbon footprint: Intensity versus impact ....... 19.6 Climate Change Mitigation Policies ......................... _ 19.6.1 Impacts of climate change mitigation policies on tourism flows .......................................728 19.6.2 Market-based instruments ..........................730 19.7 Climate Change and Aviation .............................747 19.8 Conclusions and Policy ................................749 Destination Competitiveness 20 Destination Competitiveness ...................... 20.1 Introduction ............................... 20.2 Factors Underpinning Destination Competitiveness ...... 20.3 The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index ......... 20.4 Destination Competitiveness by Niche Market .......... 20.5 Destination Price Competitiveness ................. 20.5.1 Determinants of destination price competitiveness . . 20.5.2 Tourism competitiveness and government policy . . . 20.5.3 Tourism competitiveness and the macroeconomic environment ......................... 20.6 Different Measures of Destination Price Competitiveness . 20.6.1 The Consumer Price Index ................ 20.6.2 Price indexes of tourism bundles ............ 20.6.3 Package tour prices ..................... 20.6.4 Big Mac Index ........................ 20.6.5 Purchasing Power Parity .................. 20.6.6 A comprehensive destination price competitiveness index .............................. 20.6.7 Tourism Trade Weighted Index ............. 20.6.8 Aviation Trade Weighted Index ............. 20.7 Horses for Courses: Which Price Competitiveness Indicator? ............................... 20.8 Conclusions and Policy ....................... 719 719 721 722 723 726 •797 75i ... 757 757 . . . 759 . ... 762 . ... 766 ... 768 . . . . 768 . . 770 772 773 773 774 775 775 . 776 . 776 . 781 . 785 CONTKNTS Future Directions 793 21 Future Directions for Research in Tourism Economics .............795 Tourism Demand and Forecasting .............................796 Supply and Pricing .......................................798 Economic Contribution and Economic Impacts ....................800 Costs and Benefits .......................................803 Investment and Infrastructure ................................804 Taxation ..............................................806 Transport .............................................807 Environment ...........................................808 Destination Competitiveness .................................810 References ..............................................812 About the authors .........................................841 Index ................................................843 Tourism Economics and Policy combines a comprehensive treatment of economic concepts and applications in tourism contexts. The topics covered are those that most occupy the attention of tourism economists in research and policy areas internationally. Content includes tourism demand and forecasting; tourism supply and pricing; measuring tourism s economic contribution using tourism satellite accounts; measuring the impacts and benefits of changes in tourism demand, contrasting input-output and computable general equilibrium modelling; cost benefit analysis; economic evaluation of special events; tourism investment and infrastructure; tourism taxation; aviation and tourism issues, tourism and the environment (including climate change) and destination competitiveness. The text provides an excellent basis for students to appreciate the relevance of economic analysis to the solution of real life tourism issues as well as its importance for decision making by both destination managers and tourism operators.
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discipline	Wirtschaftswissenschaften Geographie
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id	DE-604.BV036778914
illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-07-09T22:47:54Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9781845411510 9781845411527
language	English
lccn	2010026360
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020695615
oclc_num	700452286
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-824 DE-384 DE-634 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-1043 DE-M347
owner_facet	DE-824 DE-384 DE-634 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-1043 DE-M347
physical	XVIII, 855 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
publishDate	2010
publishDateSearch	2010
publishDateSort	2010
publisher	Channel View Publ.
record_format	marc
series	Aspects of tourism texts
series2	Aspects of tourism texts
spelling	Dwyer, Larry Verfasser aut Tourism economics and policy Larry Dwyer, Peter Forsyth and Wayne Dwyer Bristol [u.a.] Channel View Publ. 2010 XVIII, 855 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Aspects of tourism texts 3 Politik Tourism Forecasting Tourism Management Tourism Government policy Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 gnd rswk-swf Fremdenverkehrspolitik (DE-588)4123233-1 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd rswk-swf Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 s Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 s Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s Fremdenverkehrspolitik (DE-588)4123233-1 s DE-604 Forsyth, Peter 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)124974848 aut Dwyer, Wayne Verfasser aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-84541-153-4 Aspects of tourism texts 3 (DE-604)BV036796260 3 Digitalisierung UB Augsburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020695615&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020695615&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext
spellingShingle	Dwyer, Larry Forsyth, Peter 1946- Dwyer, Wayne Tourism economics and policy Aspects of tourism texts Politik Tourism Forecasting Tourism Management Tourism Government policy Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 gnd Fremdenverkehrspolitik (DE-588)4123233-1 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4466880-6 (DE-588)4123233-1 (DE-588)4066399-1 (DE-588)4046514-7
title	Tourism economics and policy
title_auth	Tourism economics and policy
title_exact_search	Tourism economics and policy
title_full	Tourism economics and policy Larry Dwyer, Peter Forsyth and Wayne Dwyer
title_fullStr	Tourism economics and policy Larry Dwyer, Peter Forsyth and Wayne Dwyer
title_full_unstemmed	Tourism economics and policy Larry Dwyer, Peter Forsyth and Wayne Dwyer
title_short	Tourism economics and policy
title_sort	tourism economics and policy
topic	Politik Tourism Forecasting Tourism Management Tourism Government policy Tourismusindustrie (DE-588)4466880-6 gnd Fremdenverkehrspolitik (DE-588)4123233-1 gnd Wirtschaft (DE-588)4066399-1 gnd Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd
topic_facet	Politik Tourism Forecasting Tourism Management Tourism Government policy Tourismusindustrie Fremdenverkehrspolitik Wirtschaft
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020695615&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020695615&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
volume_link	(DE-604)BV036796260
work_keys_str_mv	AT dwyerlarry tourismeconomicsandpolicy AT forsythpeter tourismeconomicsandpolicy AT dwyerwayne tourismeconomicsandpolicy

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