The renin-angiotensin system: current research progress in the pancreas: the RAS in the pancreas
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht [u.a.]
Springer
2010
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| Schriftenreihe: | Advances in experimental medicine and biology
690 |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 207 S. Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9789048190591 9789048190607 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
Titel: The renin-angiotensin system: Current research progress in the pancreas
Autor: Leung, Po Sing
Jahr: 2010
Contents
Part I The Pancreas
1 Overview of the Pancreas . 3
1.1 Structure of the Pancreas . 3
1.2 Development of the Pancreas. 6
1.3 Molecular Hierarchy of the Pancreatic Development. 8
References. 11
2 Physiology of the Pancreas. 13
2.1 Exocrine-Endocrine Axis. 13
2.2 Pancreatic Acinar Cells. 15
2.3 Pancreatic Duct Cells. 17
2.4 Pancreatic Islet Cells. 20
2.4.1 Beta-Cells. 21
2.4.2 Alpha-Cells . 23
2.4.3 Delta-Cells and PP-Cells. 23
References. 25
3 Common Pancreatic Disease. 29
3.1 Pancreatitis. 29
3.1.1 Etiology and Prognosis . 29
3.1.2 Treatments. 32
3.2 Cystic Fibrosis. 33
3.2.1 Etiology and Prognosis . 34
3.2.2 Treatments. 35
3.3 Pancreatic Cancer. 36
3.3.1 Etiology and Prognosis . 36
3.3.2 Treatments. 37
3.3.3 Alternative Approach Using Traditional Chinese
Medicine. 38
3.4 Diabetes Mellitus . 43
3.4.1 Etiology and Prognosis . 43
3.4.2 Treatments. 46
References. 48
xiv Contents
Part II The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS)
4 Circulating RAS . 55
4.1 Definition of Circulating RAS. 55
4.2 Angiotensinogen. 58
4.3 Angiotensin-Generating Enzymes. 59
4.4 Angiotensin and (Pro)renin Receptors. 61
References. 65
5 Local RAS. 69
5.1 Definition of the Local RAS. 69
5.2 Local RAS in Carotid Body. 70
5.2.1 Expression and Function of Carotid Body RAS. 71
5.2.2 Carotid Body RAS and Congestive Heart Failure. 72
5.3 Local RAS in Liver. 73
5.3.1 RAS and Liver Function. 74
5.3.2 Interaction Between Hepatic RAS and Vitamin D
inT2DM. 75
5.4 Local RAS in Intestine. 77
5.4.1 Expression and Function of an Enterocyte RAS. 79
5.4.2 Enterocyte RAS and Diabetes Mellitus. 81
5.4.3 ACE2-Angiotensin (l-7)-Mas Receptor Axis
and Intestinal Glucose Uptake. 82
References. 84
6 Pancreatic RAS. 89
6.1 Acinar Cell RAS. 90
6.2 Ductal Cell RAS. 93
6.3 Stellate Cell RAS . 96
6.4 Islet Cell RAS. 97
References. 102
Part III Research Progress of the RAS in Pancreas
7 Basic Techniques for Pancreatic Research. 109
7.1 Cell Models. 109
7.2 Animal Models. Ill
7.2.1 Animal Models of TlDM. 112
7.2.2 Animal Models of T2DM. 112
7.2.3 Animal Models of Pancreatitis. 114
7.2.4 Animal Models of Pancreatic Cancer. 115
7.3 Islet and Acinar Cell Isolation. 115
7.4 Islet Transplantation. 117
7.4.1 Animal Models of Islet Transplantation. 117
7.4.2 Recent Advances in Islet Transplantation. 118
7.5 Expression and Functional Studies . 120
7.5.1 Gene expression studies. 121
Contents xv
7.5.2 Protein Expression Studies . 121
7.5.3 Transfection. 122
7.5.4 Functional Studies. 124
References. 125
8 Current Research of the RAS in Diabetes Mellitus . 131
8.1 Basic Studies of the RAS in T2DM. 132
8.1.1 RAS Blockade Studies in Animal Models of T2DM . 132
8.1.2 RAS Blockade-Induced Protective Mechanism. 134
8.2 Clinical Studies of the RAS in T2DM. 135
8.2.1 Recent Clinical Trials on RAS Blockers. 135
8.2.2 DREAM Trial and Its Implications. 136
8.3 Current Research on the RAS-Vitamin D-T2DM Axis. 137
8.3.1 Vitamin D and RAS in T2DM. 137
8.3.2 Role of Vitamin D in Modulating Islet RAS
Expression and Function. 139
8.3.3 Expression of Islet RAS in VDR Knockout Mice. 141
8.4 Current Research on the RAS-GLP1-T2DM Axis . 144
8.4.1 Role of DPP-IV Inhibition in T2DM. 145
8.4.2 Interaction of Islet RAS and GLP-1. 145
8.4.3 Potential Role of Vitamin D in Modulating Islet
RAS and GLP-1. 146
References. 148
9 Current Research Concerning the RAS in Pancreatic
Stem Cells. 155
9.1 Source of Pancreatic Stem Cells. 155
9.2 Current Research on Pancreatic Stem Cells. 158
9.3 Current Research of the RAS on Stem Cells . 161
9.3.1 The RAS and ESCs. 162
9.3.2 The RAS and MSCs. 162
9.3.3 The Vascular RAS and Erythropoiesis. 164
9.3.4 The RAS and Fetal Tissues. 164
9.4 Current Research on the RAS in Pancreatic Stem Cells. 165
9.4.1 Limitations and Future Directions. 171
References. 172
10 Current Research of the RAS in Pancreatitis and Pancreatic
Cancer. 179
10.1 Basic Studies of the RAS in Pancreatitis . 179
10.1.1 Evidence of a Local RAS and Its Roles
in Pancreatitis. 180
10.1.2 Potential Mechanisms of RAS-Mediated
Oxidative Stress and Blood Flow in Pancreatitis. 180
10.1.3 The RAS and Cytokine-Mediated Systemic
Inflammation in Pancreatitis. 181
xvi Contents
10.2 Current Research of the RAS on Pancreatitis In Vivo. 182
10.2.1 Effects of RAS Blockade in Rat Model
of Caerulein-Induced AP . 182
10.2.2 Effects of RAS Blockade in Rat Model
of Obstructive AP. 184
10.3 Current Research of the RAS on Pancreatitis In Vitro . 187
10.3.1 Effects of Angiotensin II on ERK
and CREB-Mediated IL6 Expression. 188
10.3.2 Potential Crosstalk Between Angiotensin
Il-Induced ROS-Mediated ERK and NFkB. 188
10.4 Current Research of the RAS in Pancreatic Cancer. 191
10.4.1 Expression and Regulation of the RAS
Components in Tumours. 192
10.4.2 RAS Blockade and Pancreatic Cancers. 193
References. 194
Epilogue . 201
Epilogue . 203
Index. 205 |
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| title | The renin-angiotensin system: current research progress in the pancreas the RAS in the pancreas |
| title_auth | The renin-angiotensin system: current research progress in the pancreas the RAS in the pancreas |
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