Trade remedies in North America:
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Alphen aan den Rijn
Kluwer Law International
c2010
Frederick, MD |
| Schriftenreihe: | Global trade law series
27 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (p.[637]-651) and index |
| Beschreibung: | XXXVIII, 700 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9789041128409 9041128409 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000zcb4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV036762184 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20110217 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 101108s2010 ne a||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 010 | |a 2010287676 | ||
| 020 | |a 9789041128409 |c hbk. alk. paper |9 978-90-411-2840-9 | ||
| 020 | |a 9041128409 |c hbk. alk. paper |9 90-411-2840-9 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV036762184 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 044 | |a ne |c NL | ||
| 049 | |a DE-M382 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a KDZ948.8 | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Trade remedies in North America |c Gregory W. Bowman ... [et al.] |
| 264 | 1 | |a Alphen aan den Rijn |b Kluwer Law International |c c2010 | |
| 264 | 1 | |a Frederick, MD | |
| 300 | |a XXXVIII, 700 S. |b Ill. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Global trade law series |v 27 | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p.[637]-651) and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Recht | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Antidumping duties |x Law and legislation |z North America | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dumping (International trade) |x Law and legislation |z North America | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Subsidies |x Law and legislation |z North America | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Remedies (Law) |z North America | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Nordamerika | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bowman, Gregory W. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
| 830 | 0 | |a Global trade law series |v 27 |w (DE-604)BV023239791 |9 27 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m GBV Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020679201&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020679201 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143430076465152 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL
TRADE REMEDIES IN NORTH AMERICA
GREGORY W. BOWMAN NICK COVELLI
DAVID A. GANTZ
IHN HO UHM
WOLTERS KLUWER
LAW & BUSINESS
AUSTIN BOSTON CHICAGO NEW YORK THE NETHERLANDS
IMAGE 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHORS XXXI
PREFACE XXXIII
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XXXV
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XXXVII
CHAPTER 1 INTERNATIONAL RULES GOVERNING THE USE OF ANTIDUMPING AND
COUNTERVAILING DUTIES IN NORTH AMERICA 1
1.1. WTO RULES 2
1.1.1. GATT 2
1.1.2. AD AGREEMENT AND SCM AGREEMENT 4
1.1.2.1 INITIATING AN INVESTIGATION 4
1.1.2.2. EVIDENCE AND PROCEDURE 5
1.1.2.3. DETERMINATION OF DUMPING 5
1.1.2.4. DETERMINATION OF SUBSIDY 7
1.1.2.5. TERMINATION OF INVESTIGATION 8
1.1.2.6. DETERMINATION OF INJURY 8
1.1.2.7. INJURY FACTORS 9
1.1.2.8. THREAT-OF-INJURY FACTORS 9
1.1.2.9. CUMULATION 10
1.1.2.10. CAUSATION AND NON-ATTRIBUTION 10
1.1.2.11. DOMESTIC INDUSTRY 11
1.1.2.12. LIKE PRODUCT 11
1.1.2.13. PROVISIONAL MEASURES 12
1.1.2.14. UNDERTAKINGS 12
1.1.2.15. DEFINITIVE MEASURES 13
IMAGE 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1.2.16. MASSIVE IMPORTATION 13
1.1.2.17. DURATION AND REVIEW OF DUTY 14
1.1.3. CHINA S WTO ACCESSION PROTOCOL 14
1.2. NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT 15
1.3. SOFTWOOD LUMBER AGREEMENT 2006 15
1.4. OTHER TRADE AGREEMENTS 16
1.5. CONCLUSION 16
CHAPTER 2 NAFTA CHAPTER 19 RULES GOVERNING THE RESOLUTION OF ANTIDUMPING
AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY DISPUTES 17
2.1. ANTECEDENTS AND OVERVIEW 18
2.1.1. CHAPTER 19 UNDER THE CUSFTA 18
2.1.2. INCLUSION OF CHAPTER 19 IN NAFTA 19
2.1.3. CHANGES IN NATIONAL LAWS 20
2.2. PRESERVATION OF NATIONAL ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAWS
21 2.2.1. LIMITS ON APPLICABILITY OF NAFTA TO ANTIDUMPING AND
COUNTERVAILING DUTY ACTIONS 21
2.2.2. PRIMACY OF NATIONAL ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAWS 22
2.2.3. SCOPE OF NATIONAL LAW 22
2.2.4. SUBSEQUENT CHANGES IN NATIONAL LAWS 23
2.3. BINATIONAL PANEL REVIEW 24
2.3.1. REQUESTS FOR PANEL REVIEW 24
2.3.2. PARTIES TO THE REVIEW 24
2.3.3. STANDARD OF REVIEW 24
2.3.4. AUTHORITY OF THE PANEL TO AFFIRM OR REMAND 25
2.3.5. EFFECT OF A PANEL DECISION ON OTHER CASES 26
2.3.6. LIMITATION ON JUDICIAL REVIEW 27
2.4. APPOINTMENT TO BINATIONAL PANELS 27
2.4.1. PANEL ROSTERS AND CRITERIA FOR APPOINTMENT - 27
2.4.2. POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 27
2.4.3. CHOICE OF PANELLISTS IN SPECIFIC PROCEEDINGS 28
2.5. PANEL PROCEDURES 29
2.5.1. RULES OF PROCEDURE 29
2.5.2. TIMELINES 30
2.5.3. THE NAFTA SECRETARIAT 30
2.5.4. TRANSPARENCY, CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED INFORMATION 31 2.6. THE
EXTRAORDINARY CHALLENGE COMMITTEE 32
2.7. SAFEGUARDING THE PANEL REVIEW SYSTEM 34
2.8. EXPERIENCE UNDER CHAPTER 19 35
2.8.1. FREQUENCY OF USE 35
2.8.2. CRITICISM 36
2.8.3. CONSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES 36
2.9. THE FUTURE OF CHAPTER 19 38
VIA
IMAGE 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 3 ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAW AND PRACTICE IN THE
UNITED STATES 41
3.1. INTRODUCTION 41
3.2. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT 42
3.2.1. ANTIDUMPING LAW 43
3.2.1.1. ANTI-DUMPING ACT OF 1916 43
3.2.1.2. ANTI-DUMPING ACT OF 1921 44
3.2.1.3. GATT AND THE US TRADE AGREEMENTS ACT OF 1979 - 45
3.2.1.4. WTO AND THE URUGUAY ROUND 46
3.2.2. COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAW 46
3.2.2.1. GATT AND THE US TRADE AGREEMENTS ACT OF 1979 48
3.2.2.2. WTO AND THE URUGUAY ROUND 48
3.2.3. BYRD AMENDMENT 49
3.3. COMPARISONS WITH THE CANADIAN AND MEXICAN SYSTEMS 51
3.4. INSTITUTIONS 53
3.4.1. STRUCTURE AND ROLE OF THE US INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION
53
3.4.2. STRUCTURE AND ROLE OF THE USITC 54
3.5. GENERAL STRUCTURE OF US ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAWS 55
3.5.1. US ANTIDUMPING LAW 55
3.5.2. COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAW 56
3.5.3. KEY CONCEPTS 56
3.5.3.1. SUBJECT MERCHANDISE, FOREIGN LIKE PRODUCTS, AND DOMESTIC LIKE
PRODUCTS 56
3.5.3.2. INTERESTED PARTIES 57
3.5.3.3. MATERIAL INJURY 57
3.5.3.4. THREAT OF MATERIAL INJURY 58
3.5.3.5. MATERIAL RETARDATION 59
3.5.3.6. CUMULATION AND NEGLIGIBLE IMPORTS 60
3.5.3.7. QUESTIONNAIRES AND FACTS AVAILABLE 61
3.6. PROCEDURES: INTRODUCTION 62
3.7. INITIATION OF AN INVESTIGATION AND INITIAL REVIEW BY COMMERCE 63
3.7.1. PETITION 63
3.7.1.1. PREPARATION OF A PETITION 63
3.7.1.2. PROPERLY DOCUMENTED PETITION 64
3.7.1.3. INDUSTRY SUPPORT (REPRESENTATIVENESS) 64
3.7.1.4. OTHER PETITION REQUIREMENTS 65
3.7.1.5. CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES 66
3.7.1.6. FILING OF A COPY WITH THE USITC 67
3.7.1.7. BUSINESS PROPRIETARY, PRIVILEGED, AND CLASSIFIED INFORMATION 67
IX
IMAGE 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.7.1.8. PETITION AMENDMENTS 69
3.7.1.9. NOTIFICATION TO EXPORTING COUNTRIES * 69
3.7.2. REFERRAL TO THE USITC 69
3.8. PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION BY THE USITC 70
3.8.1. REASONABLE INDICATION 70
3.8.2. INSTITUTION OF INVESTIGATION 71
3.8.3. QUESTIONNAIRES 71
3.8.4. BUSINESS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION 72
3.8.5. STAFF CONFERENCES, STAFF REPORT, AND LEGAL COUNSEL REPORT 73
3.8.6. DETERMINATION 74
3.9. PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION BY COMMERCE 74
3.9.1. PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION FOR ANTIDUMPING INVESTIGATIONS 75
3.9.2. PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION FOR COUNTERVAILING DUTY -*
INVESTIGATIONS 76
3.9.3. PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION 77
3.9.4. EXPORTERS AND PRODUCERS COVERED 78
3.9.5. GATHERING OF INFORMATION VIA QUESTIONNAIRES 78
3.9.6. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION 79
3.9.7. DETERMINATION OF DUMPED GOODS 79
3.9.7.1. LIKE PRODUCTS 80
3.9.7.1.1. FACT-SPECIFIC NATURE OF LIKE PRODUCT DETERMINATIONS 81
3.9.7.1.2. DIFMER CALCULATION 81
3.9.7.2. AFFILIATED PARTY CONSIDERATIONS 82
3.9.7.3. NORMAL VALUE 82
3.9.7.3.1. FOREIGN LIKE PRODUCT PRICE: EXPORTING COUNTRY AND
THIRD-COUNTRY SALES 83
3.9.7.3.1.1. DATE OF SALE 83
3.9.7.3.1.2. USUAL COMMERCIAL QUANTITIES AND ORDINARY COURSE OF TRADE 84
3.9.7.3.1.3. LEVEL OF TRADE 84
3.9.7.3.1.4. MARKET VIABILITY: THE 5% VIABILITY TEST 84 3.9.7.3.1.5.
OTHER BASES OF NON-VIABILITY 85
3.9.7.3.1.6. EXCLUSION OF SALES AT LESS THAN THE COST OF PRODUCTION 85
3.9.7.3.1.7. AFFILIATED PARTY CONSIDERATIONS 86
IMAGE 6
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.9.7.3.1.8. USING EXPORTS FROM AN INTERMEDIATE COUNTRY AS OPPOSED TO
THE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN FOR NORMAL VALUE 87
3.9.7.3.2. CONSTRUCTED VALUE 88
3.9.7.3.2.1. SOURCE OF DATA 88
3.9.7.3.2.2. ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGIES FOR SELLING, GENERAL, AND
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES 89
3.9.7.3.2.3. START-UP COSTS 89
3.9.7.3.2.4. AFFILIATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 90
3.9.7.3.2.5. MAJOR INPUT RULE 90
3.9.7.3.3. ADJUSTMENTS TO NORMAL VALUE 91
3.9.7.3.3.1. DISCOUNTS AND REBATES 91 3.9.7.3.3.2. PACKING COSTS 92
3.9.7.3.3.3. MOVEMENT EXPENSES 92 3.9.7.3.3.4. DIFFERENCES IN
CIRCUMSTANCES OF SALE 92 3.9.7.3.3.4.1. CREDIT
COSTS 93
3.9.7.3.3.4.2. ADVERTISING AND SALES PROMOTION COSTS 94
3.9.7.3.3.4.3. TECHNICAL SERVICE COSTS 94
3.9.7.3.3.4.4. WAREHOUSING COSTS 95
3.9.7.3.3.4.5. WARRANTIES AND GUARANTEES 95
3.9.7.3.3.4.6. ROYALTY COSTS 95
3.9.7.3.3.4.7. COMMISSION COSTS 96
3.9.7.3.3.5. DIFFERENCE IN QUANTITIES 96 3.9.7.3.3.6. DIFFERENCE IN
MERCHANDISE ADJUSTMENTS AND DIFMER GUIDELINE 97
3.9.7.3.3.7. ADJUSTMENTS FOR LEVEL OF TRADE 97
XI
IMAGE 7
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.9.7.4.
3.9.7.5.
3.9.7.6.
3.9.7.7.
3.9.7.8.
3.9.7.9.
US PRICE:
3.9.7.3.3.8. CONSTRUCTED EXPORT PRICE OFFSET 3.9.7.3.3.9. ADJUSTMENT FOR
TAXES EXPORT PRICE AND CONSTRUCTED EXPORT PRICE 3.9.7.4.1. 3.9.7.4.2.
3.9.7.4.3.
3.9.7.4.4.
ADJUSTMENTS UPWARD ADJUSTMENTS 3.9.7.4.2.1. PACKING COSTS 3.9.7.4.2.2.
DUTY DRAWBACK 3.9.7.4.2.3. EXPORT SUBSIDIES
DOWNWARD ADJUSTMENTS 3.9.7.4.3.1. MOVEMENT CHARGES 3.9.7.4.3.2. EXPORT
TAXES
3.9.7.4.3.3. ADDITIONAL DEDUCTIONS FOR CONSTRUCTED EXPORT PRICE
TREATMENT OF AFFILIATED PARTIES SUBSTANTIAL TRANSFORMATION 3.9.7.5.1.
3.9.7.5.2.
CUSTOMS LAW CONCEPTS RELATED TO ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAW
FUTURE PROSPECTS FOREIGN TRADE ZONES 3.9.7.6.1. 3.9.7.6.2.
3.9.7.6.3.
GENERAL FOREIGN TRADE ZONES AND US ANTIDUMPING LAW PRICE OF PRODUCTS NME
COUNTRIES 3.9.7.7.1. 3.9.7.7.2. 3.9.7.7.3.
3.9.7.7.4. 3.9.7.7.5. CURRENCY 3.9.7.8.1.
3.9.7.8.2.
DETERMINATION OF NME STATUS SURROGATE COUNTRIES FACTORS OF PRODUCTION
3.9.7.7.3.1. VALUATION OF LABOUR 3.9.7.7.3.2. VALUATION OF MATERIALS
3.9.7.7.3.3. VALUATION OF ENERGY AND UTILITIES 3.9.7.7.3.4. OVERHEAD,
GENERAL EXPENSES, AND PROFIT 3.9.7.7.3.5. PACKING COSTS
SEPARATE RATES EXCEPTION FOR MOI CONVERSION CONSIDERATIONS NORMAL VERSUS
FLUCTUATING
EXCHANGE RATES SUSTAINED MOVEMENT
DETERMINATION OF DUMPING MARGIN
97 98
98 99 99
99 99 100 100 100 101
101 101 102
102 103 104 104
104 105 105 106
108 109 109
110
110
110 111 111 112
112
113 113 114
XLL
IMAGE 8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.9.7.9.1. AVERAGE-TO-AVERAGE APPROACH 114 3.9.7.9.2.
TRANSACTION-TO-TRANSACTION APPROACH 114
3.9.7.9.3. AVERAGE-TO-TRANSACTION APPROACH 114 3.9.7.9.4. TIME PERIOD
FOR AVERAGING 115
3.9.7.9.5. HIGH-INFLATION ECONOMIES 115
3.9.7.9.6. TARGETED DUMPING 116
3.9.7.9.7. DE MINIMIS MARGINS 116
3.9.7.9.8. ZEROING V 117
3.9.7.9. ANTIDUMPING PETITIONS BY THIRD COUNTRIES 118 3.9.8. SUBSIDY
DETERMINATION 118
3.9.8.1. SPECIFICITY 119
3.9.8.1.1. EXPORT SUBSIDIES AND IMPORT SUBSTITUTION SUBSIDIES 119
3.9.8.1.2. DOMESTIC SUBSIDIES 120
3.9.8.2. BENEFIT PROVIDED 121
3.9.8.2.1. GRANTS, LOANS, AND LOAN GUARANTEES 121
3.9.8.2.2. EQUITY INFUSIONS 122
3.9.8.2.3. DEBT ASSUMPTION OR FORGIVENESS 123 3.9.8.2.4. DIRECT TAXES
123
3.9.8.2.5. INDIRECT TAXES AND IMPORT CHARGES 123 3.9.8.2.6. PROVISION OF
GOODS OR SERVICES 123 3.9.8.2.7. WORKER-RELATED SUBSIDIES 124
3.9.8.2.8. BENEFITS FOR EXPORT SUBSIDIES 124 3.9.8.2.8.1. INTERNAL
TRANSPORT AND FREIGHT CHARGES 125 3.9.8.2.8.2. PRICE PREFERENCES FOR
PRODUCTION INPUTS 125
3.9.8.2.8.3. RELIEF FROM INDIRECT TAXES 125
3.9.8.2.8.4. RELIEF FROM INDIRECT TAXES ON INPUTS 125
3.9.8.2.8.5. DRAWBACK OF IMPORT CHARGES UPON EXPORT 126 3.9.8.2.8.6.
EXPORT INSURANCE 127
3.9.8.3. UPSTREAM SUBSIDIES 127
3.9.8.4. TRANS-NATIONAL SUBSIDIES 128
3.9.8.5. DE MINIMIS SUBSIDIES 128
3.9.8.6. NME COUNTRIES 128
3.9.9. AFFIRMATIVE DETERMINATION 130
3.9.10. NEGATIVE DETERMINATION 130
3.9.11. PUBLICATION OF PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION 131
3.9.12. ANTIDUMPING DUTY CALCULATION 131
3.9.13. COUNTERVAILING DUTY CALCULATION 131
X1H
IMAGE 9
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.9.14. DISCLOSURE AND CORRECTION OF CALCULATIONS FOR PRELIMINARY
ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY RATES 132
3.9.15. BONDS AND SUSPENSION OF LIQUIDATION 132
3.9.16. SUSPENSION AND SETTLEMENT 133
3.10. FINAL DETERMINATION BY COMMERCE 134
3.10.1. TIMING AND EXTENSIONS 135
3.10.2. WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS AND HEARINGS 136
3.10.2.1. WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS 136
3.10.2.2. PUBLIC HEARINGS - - 137
3.10.2.3. CLOSED HEARING SESSIONS 137
3.10.2.4. CONSOLIDATED HEARINGS 138
3.10.3. VERIFICATION AND ON-SITE VISITS 138
3.10.4. CONTENTS AND FORM OF FINAL DETERMINATION 139
3.10.5. EFFECT OF AFFIRMATIVE FINAL DETERMINATION 139
3.10.6. EFFECT OF NEGATIVE FINAL DETERMINATION 140
3.11. FINAL DETERMINATION BY USITC 140
3.11.1. TIME FRAME FOR USITC FINAL DETERMINATION 141
3.11.2. SCHEDULING AND QUESTIONNAIRES 141
3.11.3. PRE-HEARING STAFF REPORT 142
3.11.4. BRIEFS AND HEARINGS 142
3.11.4.1. PRE-HEARING BRIEFS 142
3.11.4.2. HEARINGS 143
3.11.4.3. IN CAMERA SESSIONS 143
3.11.4.4. POST-HEARING BRIEFS 143
3.11.5. FINAL STAFF REPORT AND MEMORANDA 144
3.11.6. CLOSING OF THE RECORD AND FINAL COMMENTS BY PARTIES 144 3.11.7.
BRIEFING AND VOTE 144
3.11.8. DETERMINATION AND VIEWS 145
3.11.9. CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES DETERMINATION 145
3.11.10. EFFECT OF AFFIRMATIVE DETERMINATION 145
3.11.11. EFFECT OF NEGATIVE DETERMINATION 146
3.12. CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES 146
3.12.1. INITIATION OF A CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES INVESTIGATION 146 3.12.2.
CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES PRELIMINARY FINDING BY COMMERCE 147
3.12.3. SUSPENSION OF LIQUIDATION 148
3.12.4. CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES FINAL FINDING BY COMMERCE 148 3.12.5.
CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES AND USITC FINAL DETERMINATION 149 3.12.6.
COMMERCE S CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES CRITERIA 149
3.12.6.1. CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES CRITERIA AND DATA: ANTIDUMPING
INVESTIGATIONS 150
3.12.6.1.1. EXAMINATION OF DUMPING HISTORY 150 3.12.6.1.2. REVIEW OF
KNOWLEDGE OR REASON TO KNOW OF LTFV SALES 151
XIV
IMAGE 10
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.12.6.1.3. KNOWLEDGE OR REASON TO KNOW OF THE LIKELIHOOD OF MATERIAL
INJURY 152
3.12.6.1.4. MASSIVE IMPORTS OVER A RELATIVELY SHORT PERIOD 153
3.12.6.2. CRITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES CRITERIA AND DATA: COUNTERVAILING DUTY
INVESTIGATIONS 153
3.12.6.3. MASSIVE IMPORTS OVER A RELATIVELY SHORT PERIOD 153 3.13. SCOPE
RULINGS AND CIRCUMVENTION V 154
3.13.1. INITIATION 154
3.13.2. SCOPE RULING VERSUS SCOPE INQUIRY 154
3.13.3. TIME FRAME FOR REVIEW AND CIRCUMVENTION 155
3.14. ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEWS 156
3.14.1. ANNUAL ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW 156
3.14.1.1. INITIATION OF ANNUAL ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW 156 3.14.1.2.
PERIOD OF REVIEW 157
3.14.1.3. NOTICE OF INITIATION 157
3.14.1.4. DUTY ABSORPTION FOR ANTIDUMPING REVIEW 157 3.14.1.5.
ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE 158 3.14.1.6. ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW
VERIFICATION 158
3.14.1.7. PRELIMINARY RESULTS, COMMENTS, AND HEARINGS 158 3.14.1.8.
FINAL RESULTS 159
3.14.1.9. TIME FRAME 159
3.14.1.10. NO SHIPMENT CLAIMS AND RESCISSION 159 3.14.2. NEW-SHIPPER
REVIEW 160
3.14.3. CHANGED CIRCUMSTANCES REVIEW , 160
3.14.4. SUNSET (FIVE-YEAR) REVIEW 161
3.14.4.1. REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION AND REPONSES 162 3.14.4.2. COMMERCE
TIME FRAMES FOR DETERMINATION 162 3.14.4.2.1. NO RESPONSE OR INADEQUATE
RESPONSE 162
3.14.4.2.2. COMPLETE RESPONSES AND EXTENSION FOR EXTRAORDINARILY
COMPLICATED REVIEWS 163
3.14.4.3. WAIVER OF PARTICIPATION IN COMMERCE REVIEW 164 3.14.4.4. USITC
TIME FRAMES FOR DETERMINATION 164 3.14.4.4.1. INADEQUATE RESPONSES 164
3.14.4.4.2. ADEQUATE RESPONSES 165
3.14.4.5. FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED BY COMMERCE 165 3.14.4.6. FACTORS TO
BE CONSIDERED BY THE USITC 166 3.14.4.7. USITC HEARINGS AND FINAL
DETERMINATION 166 3.14.4.8. GROUPED REVIEWS BY THE USITC 167
3.14.5. EXPEDITED REVIEW 167
3.14.6. IMPLEMENTATION OF ADJUSTMENTS AND JUDICIAL REVIEW 167 3.15.
REVOCATION AND TERMINATION 168
XV
IMAGE 11
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.15.1. 3.15.2.
3.15.3.
3.16. JUDICIAL 3.16.1. 3.16.2. 3.16.3. 3.16.4.
REVOCATION BASED ON THE REVOCATION BASED ON THE SUBSIDY COMMERCE
PROCEDURES 1 REVIEW
THE AGENCY RECORD THE COURTS JURISDICTION STANDARDS OF REVIEW 3.16.4.1.
CIT STANDARDS
ABSENCE OF DUMPING ABSENCE OF A COUNTERVAILABLE
OF REVIEW
168
168 169 169 170 170 171 171
171
3.16.4.1.1. SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE STANDARD FOR REVIEW OF QUESTIONS OF
FACT 172 3.16.4.1.2. ARBITRARY AND CAPRICIOUS STANDARD OF REVIEW 173
3.16.4.1.3. CHEVRON STANDARD OF REVIEW FOR QUESTIONS OF LAW 174
3.16.4.2. CAFC STANDARDS OF REVIEW 176
3.16.4.3. REMAND 176
3.16.5. PROCEDURE 176
3.16.6. EXHAUSTION 178
3.16.7. RELIEF 179
3.17. NAFTA BI-NATIONAL PANEL REVIEW 179
3.17.1. PROCEDURE 180
3.17.2. BI-NATIONAL PANEL RELIEF 181
3.17.3. EXTRAORDINARY CHALLENGE COMMITTEE 181
3.18. CONCLUSION 181
CHAPTER 4 ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAW AND PRACTICE IN CANADA
185 4.1. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT 185
4.1.1. WORLD S FIRST ANTIDUMPING LAW 186
4.1.2. FROM THE GREAT DEPRESSION TO GATT 1947 186
4.1.3. ANTI-DUMPING ACT OF 1969 187
4.1.4. CANADA S FIRST COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAWS 187
4.1.5. INTRODUCTION OF JUDICIAL REVIEW 188
4.1.6. SIMA 188
4.2. COMPARISONS WITH US AND MEXICAN SYSTEMS 188
4.3. SIMA INSTITUTIONS 189
4.3.1. CBSA 189
4.3.2. CITT 190
4.4. COMMENCEMENT OF DUMPING OR SUBSIDY INVESTIGATION 191 4.4.1. WRITTEN
COMPLAINT 191
4.4.1.1. PROPERLY DOCUMENTED COMPLAINT 191
4.4.1.2. STANDING 192
XVI
IMAGE 12
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.4.1.3. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 192
4.4.1.4. GROUNDS FOR INITIATION 193
4.4.1.5. DECISION WHETHER TO INITIATE 193
4.4.2. SELF-INITIATION BY THE CBS A 193
4.4.3. REFERENCE TO THE CITT 193
4.4.4. NOTICE OF INVESTIGATION 194
4.4.5. COMBINING INVESTIGATIONS 194
4.5. PRELIMINARY INQUIRY BY THE CITT 195
4.5.1. SCHEDULE OF A PRELIMINARY INQUIRY 195
4.5.2. EVIDENCE DURING A PRELIMINARY INQUIRY 196
4.5.3. REASONABLE INDICATION OF INJURY 196
4.5.4. PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION BY THE CITT 197
4.6. EARLY TERMINATION BY THE CBSA 197
4.7. INVESTIGATION BY THE CBSA 198
4.7.1. INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE 198
4.7.2. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION: THE CBSA 198
4.7.2.1. DESIGNATION AS CONFIDENTIAL 199
4.7.2.2. DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION 199
4.7.3. ON-SITE VERIFICATION VISITS 199
4.8. IDENTIFYING THE DUMPED OR SUBSIDIZED GOODS 200
4.9. DETERMINATION OF NORMAL VALUE 200
4.9.1. TRANSACTION NORMAL VALUE 201
4.9.1.1. SALES TO ARM S-LENGTH PURCHASERS AT THE SAME TRADE LEVEL IN THE
COUNTRY OF EXPORT 201 4.9.1.2. QUANTITIES OF LIKE GOODS SOLD 201
4.9.1.3. TIMING OF SALES OF LIKE GOODS 202
4.9.1.4. PLACE OF SALES OF LIKE GOODS 202
4.9.1.5. ADJUSTMENTS TO PRICES OF LIKE GOODS 202
4.9.1.6. PRICE OF LIKE GOODS 203
4.9.1.7. TRADEMARK GOODS 203
4.9.2. ALTERNATE NORMAL VALUE METHODS 203
4.9.2.1. THIRD-COUNTRY TRANSACTION NORMAL VALUE 204 4.9.2.2. CONSTRUCTED
COST NORMAL VALUE 204
4.9.2.3. NORMAL VALUE WHEN NON-MARKET CONDITIONS PREVAIL 204
4.9.2.3.1. SURROGATE-COUNTRY PRICES 205
4.9.2.3.2. PRESUMPTION OF COMPETITIVE CONDITIONS 205
4.9.2.3.3. CONCURRENT SUBSIDY INVESTIGATION 205 4.9.2.4. NORMAL VALUE
WHEN TRANS-SHIPMENT 206
4.9.2.5. NORMAL VALUE FOR GOODS ON CONSIGNMENT 206 4.9.2.6. NORMAL VALUE
WHEN INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION 207 4.10. EXPORT PRICE 207
4.10.1. GENERAL RULE TO DETERMINE EXPORT PRICE 207
4.10.2. SPECIAL RULES TO DETERMINE EXPORT PRICE 207
XVN
IMAGE 13
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.10.2.1. EXPORT PRICE TO AN UNRELATED IMPORTER 208
4.10.2.2. EXPORT PRICE WHEN GOODS IMPORTED FOR FURTHER MANUFACTURE IN
CANADA 208
4.10.2.3. EXPORT PRICE WHEN BENEFIT TO PURCHASERS IN CANADA 208
4.10.2.4. EXPORT PRICE WHEN TRANS-SHIPMENT 208
4.10.2.5. EXPORT PRICE FOR GOODS ON CONSIGNMENT OR WHEN INSUFFICIENT
INFORMATION 209
4.11. MARGIN OF DUMPING ! 209
4.11.1. MARGIN OF DUMPING PER EXPORTER 209
4.11.2. MARGIN OF DUMPING BASED ON SAMPLE 210
4.11.3. ZEROING 210
4.12. SUBSIDIZED GOODS 211
4.12.1. SUBSIDY 211
4.12.2. SPECIFICITY 212
4.12.3. AMOUNT OF A SUBSIDY 213
4.12.3.1. GRANTS, LOANS AT A PREFERENTIAL RATE, AND LOAN GUARANTEES:
GENERAL 213
4.12.3.1.1. OPERATING EXPENSES 213
4.12.3.1.2. FIXED ASSET 214
4.12.3.1.3. OTHER PURPOSE 214
4.12.3.2. INCOME TAX CREDITS AND DEFERRALS, AND EXCESSIVE RELIEF OF
DUTIES OR TAXES: GENERAL 214 4.12.3.2.1. INCOME TAX CREDITS, REFUNDS,
AND EXEMPTIONS 214
4.12.3.2.2. DEFERRAL OF INCOME TAXES 214
4.12.3.2.3. EXCESSIVE RELIEF OF DUTIES AND TAXES ON EXPORTED GOODS 215
4.12.3.2.4. EXCESSIVE RELIEF OF DUTIES AND TAXES ON INPUTS 215
4.12.3.3. ACQUISITION OF SHARES 215
4.12.3.4. PURCHASE OF GOODS 215
4.12.3.5. GOODS OR SERVICES PROVIDED 216
4.12.4. DEDUCTIONS FROM THE AMOUNT OF SUBSIDY X 216
4.12.5. AMOUNT OF SUBSIDY WHEN INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION 216 4.13.
TERMINATION OF INVESTIGATION OR PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION BY THE CBSA
217
4.13.1. TERMINATION AFTER PRELIMINARY PHASE OF INVESTIGATION 217
4.13.1.1. INSIGNIFICANT MARGIN OF DUMPING OR AMOUNT OF SUBSIDY 217
4.13.1.2. NEGLIGIBLE IMPORT VOLUMES . 217
4.13.2. PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION BY THE CBSA 218
4.13.3. DISCLOSURE MEETINGS 218
4.14. PROVISIONAL DUTIES 219
4.14.1. IMPOSITION OF PROVISIONAL DUTIES 219
XVAI
IMAGE 14
TABLE OF CONTENTS
*; 4.14.2. AMOUNT OF PROVISIONAL DUTIES 219
4.14.3. COLLECTION OF DUTY FROM IMPORTER 219
4.15. UNDERTAKINGS 220
4.15.1. TYPES OF UNDERTAKINGS 220
4.15.2. CONDITIONS FOR ACCEPTANCE OF UNDERTAKINGS 220
4.15.3. PROCEDURE FOR UNDERTAKINGS THAT ARE ACCEPTED 221 4.15.4.
TERMINATION OF UNDERTAKINGS 221
4.15.5. REVIEW AND RENEWAL OF UNDERTAKINGS 222
4.15.6. PROVISIONAL DUTY ON UNDERTAKINGS 223
4.16. TERMINATION OF INVESTIGATION OR FINAL DETERMINATION BY THE CBSA
223 4.16.1. TERMINATION AFTER FINAL PHASE OF INVESTIGATION 223 4.16.2.
FINAL DETERMINATION BY THE CBSA 224
4.17. FINAL INQUIRY BY THE CITT 224
4.17.1. TERMINATION OF INQUIRY IF VOLUME IS NEGLIGIBLE 225 4.17.2.
DETERMINATION BY THE CITT 225
4.17.3. INQUIRY PROCEDURE 225
4.17.3.1. PARTICIPATION IN AN INQUIRY 225
4.17.3.2. EVIDENTIARY BURDEN IN AN INQUIRY 225
4.17.3.3. CITT QUESTIONNAIRES AND PRE-HEARING STAFF REPORT 226
4.17.3.4. PLANT VISITS 226
4.17.3.5. WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS TO THE CITT 226
4.17.3.6. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION: CITT 227
4.17.3.7. REQUEST FOR INFORMATION 228
4.17.3.8. PUBLIC HEARING 228
4.17.3.8.1. TIMING OF HEARING 228
4.17.3.8.2. MATTERS ARISING 228
4.17.3.8.3. SUBPOENAS AND PRODUCTION ORDERS 229 4.17.3.8.4. WITNESSES
229
4.17.3.8.5. IN CAMERA SESSIONS 230
4.17.3.8.6. RULES OF EVIDENCE 230
4.17.3.9. DELIBERATION 230
4.17.3.10. PUBLICATION OF DETERMINATION AND REASONS 231 4.17.4. INJURY,
RETARDATION, OR THREAT OF INJURY 231
4.17.4.1 DOMESTIC INDUSTRY AND LIKE GOODS 231
4.17.4.1.1. LIKE GOODS 231
4.17.4.1.2. CLASSES OF GOODS 233
4.17.4.1.3. CITT TO ADVISE CBSA 235
4.17.4.1.4. DOMESTIC INDUSTRY * 236
4.17.4.1.4.1. DOMESTIC PRODUCERS 236 4.17.4.1.4.2. DOMESTIC PRODUCERS
THAT IMPORT DUMPED OR SUBSIDIZED GOODS 236 4.17.4.1.4.3. MAJOR
PROPORTION 238 4.17.4.1.5. REGIONAL MARKETS 239
XIX
IMAGE 15
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.17.4.1.6. ; SCOPE OF LIKE GOODS THAT MAY BE INJURED 240
4.17.4.2. RETARDATION 242
4.17.4.3. CUMULATION 243
4.17.4.4. CROSS-CUMULATION 245
4.17.4.5. ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF THE DUMPED OR SUBSIDIZED GOODS 246
4.17.4.5.1. INJURY FACTORS 246
4.17.4.5.2. THREAT OF INJURY FACTORS 248
4.17.4.5.3. MATERIALITY - 250
4.17.4.5.4. CAUSATION 250
4.17.4.5.4.1. A CAUSE VERSUS THE CAUSE 250
/ 4.17.4.5.4.2. CAUSATION ON
ACCOUNT-BY-ACCOUNT BASIS VERSUS AGGREGATE BASIS 251
4.17.4.5.4.3. CAUSATION AND PRICES 252 4.17.4.5.4.4. CAUSATION AND
OFFERS 252 4.17.4.5.4.5. NON-ATTRIBUTION 252
4.17.4.6. MASSIVE IMPORTATION 253
4.17.4.7. EXCLUSIONS 255
4.17.4.7.1 PROCEDURE FOR EXCLUSIONS 255
4.17.4.7.2. TYPES OF EXCLUSIONS REQUESTED 256 4.17.4.7.3. EXCLUSION WHEN
WARRANTED 256 4.17.4.7.4. PRODUCT EXCLUSIONS 256
4.17.4.7.5. COUNTRY EXCLUSIONS 257
4.18. DUTIES 257
4.18.1. RETURN OR CONFIRMATION OF PROVISIONAL DUTIES 257
4.18.2. DUTIES FOR MASSIVE IMPORTATION 258
4.18.3. COUNTERVAILING DUTIES BY ORDER OF THE CABINET 258 4.18.4.
LIABILITY FOR ANTIDUMPING OR COUNTERVAILING DUTIES 259 4.18.5.
ADJUSTMENT OF DUTIES WHEN CONCURRENT DUMPING AND EXPORT SUBSIDIZATION
259
4.18.6. RE-DETERMINATION BY THE CBSA 260
4.18.7. NEW SHIPPER REVIEW 261
4.18.8. ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW 261
4.18.9. DURATION OF DUTY 261
4.18.10. REFUND OF DUTIES 262
4.19. PUBLIC INTEREST INQUIRY 262
4.19.1. INITIATION OF PUBLIC INTEREST INQUIRY 262
4.19.2. SCHEDULE OF PUBLIC INTEREST INQUIRY 263
4.19.3. REPORT TO MINISTER OF FINANCE ABOUT PUBLIC INTEREST 264 4.19.4.
PUBLIC INTEREST 264
4.20. INTERIM REVIEW 266
4.20.1. REQUEST FOR INTERIM REVIEW 267
XX
IMAGE 16
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.20.2. INTERIM REVIEW WHEN WARRANTED 267
4.20.3. COMBINING INTERIM REVIEWS 268
4.20.4. INTERIM REVIEW PROCEDURE 268
4.20.5. GROUNDS FOR RESCISSION OR AMENDMENT OF ORDER 268 4.20.6.
RESCISSION, AMENDMENT OR CONTINUATION OF ORDER 269 4.21. EXPIRY REVIEW
269
4.21.1. NOTICE OF EXPIRY 269
4.21.2. COMBINING EXPIRY REVIEWS 270
4.21.3. EXPIRY REVIEW SCHEDULE V 270
4.21.4. NOTICE OF EXPIRY REVIEW OR DECISION NOT TO REVIEW 270 4.21.5.
LIKELIHOOD OF DUMPING OR SUBSIDIZING 271
4.21.6. EXPIRY REVIEW PROCEDURE: CITT 272
4.21.7. LIKELIHOOD OF INJURY 272
4.21.8. ORDER OF THE CITT FOLLOWING EXPIRY REVIEW 273
4.21.9. SUBSEQUENT EXPIRY 274
4.22. JUDICIAL REVIEW N 274
4.22.1. FEDERAL COURT OF APPEAL 274
4.22.2. APPLICATION FOR JUDICIAL OR BINATIONAL PANEL REVIEW 275 4.22.3.
JUDICIAL AND BINATIONAL PANEL REVIEW PROCEDURE 276 4.22.4. STANDARD OF
REVIEW 277
4.22.5. EFFECT OF JUDICIAL OR BINATIONAL PANEL REVIEW 279
4.22.6. APPEAL TO THE SUPREME COURT OF CANADA 280
4.23. CONCLUSION 280
CHAPTER 5 ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAW AND PRACTICE IN MEXICO
283
5.1. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT 284
5.1.1. ACCESSION TO GATT 284
5.1.2. INITIAL LEGISLATION 284
5.1.3. NAFTA NEGOTIATIONS 285
5.1.4. WTO ACCESSION 286
5.2. MAJOR DIFFERENCES IN MEXICO S APPROACH TO ANTIDUMPING AND
COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAWS 286
5.3. MEXICO S USE OF ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAWS 289 5.4.
MEXICO S TRADE-RELATED INSTITUTIONS 290
5.4.1. SECRETARIAT OF ECONOMY (SECRETARIA DE ECONOMIA) 290 5.4.2.
FOREIGN TRADE COMMISSION (COMISION DE COMERCIO EXTERIOR) 290
5.5. UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES UNDER MEXICAN LAW 291
5.6. DETERMINATION OF DUMPING . 291
5.6.1. DETERMINATION OF NORMAL VALUE 291
5.6.1.1. NORMAL COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS 291
5.6.1.2. COST OF PRODUCTION ANALYSIS AND USE OF CONSTRUCTED VALUE 292
XXI
IMAGE 17
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.6.1.3. SURROGATE COUNTRY VALUES FOR NME 292
5.6.1.4. CIRCUMSTANCES OF SALE AND OTHER ADJUSTMENTS FOR PRICE
COMPARABILITY 294
5.6.2. DETERMINATION OF EXPORT PRICE 295
5.6.2.1. SALES OTHER THAN BETWEEN ARM S-LENGTH PURCHASERS 295
5.6.2.2. FOB EXPORT PRICES 295
5.7. DETERMINATION OF SUBSIDIZED GOODS 295
5.7.1. DEFINING A SUBSIDY 296
5.7.2. ANTI-SUBSIDY MEASURES IN THE EXPORTING COUNTRY 296 5.8. INJURY
297
5.8.1. PRODUCTION TO BE CONSIDERED 297
5.8.2. INJURY FACTORS 297
5.8.3. THREAT OF INJURY FACTORS 298
5.8.4. SIMILAR PRODUCTS AND CUMULATION 299
5.8.5. - REGIONAL MARKETS X 300
5.8.6. IMPORTS TO BE REVIEWED IN THE INVESTIGATIONS 300
5.9. PROCEDURES IN ANTIDUMPING AND SUBSIDY INVESTIGATIONS 301 5.9.1. THE
PETITION (SOLICITUD) 302
5.9.2. INFORMATION GENERALLY 302
5.9.3. NOTICES GENERALLY 303
5.9.4. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION 303
5.9.5. INTERESTED PARTIES 304
5.9.6. PUBLIC HEARINGS 304
5.9.7. VERIFICATION OF INFORMATION 305
5.9.8. PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION 307
5.10. PRELIMINARY AND FINAL DETERMINATIONS 307
5.10.1. PRELIMINARY DETERMINATION 307
5.10.2. FINAL DETERMINATION 308
5.10.2.1. ROLEOFCOCEX 308
5.10.2.2. ECONOMICS OPTIONS 308
5.11. IMPOSITION OF DUTIES 309
5.11.1. AMOUNT OF DUTIES 309
5.11.2. SCOPE AND EXCLUSIONS 310
5.11.3. PERIOD 311
5.12. REVIEWS OF COMPENSATORY DUTIES 311
5.12.1. ANNUAL REVIEWS 311
5.12.2. OTHER REVIEWS 312
5.12.3. SUNSET REVIEWS 312
5.13. CONCILIATION AND PRICE UNDERTAKINGS 314
5.13.1. CONCILIATION DURING THE INVESTIGATION 314
5.13.2. UNDERTAKINGS BETWEEN EXPORTERS AND GOVERNMENTS . 314 5.14.
CIRCUMVENTION (ELUSION) 315
5.15. ADMINISTRATIVE AND COURT REVIEW 315
5.15.1. ADMINISTRATIVE APPEALS 316
XXA
IMAGE 18
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.15.2. COURT REVIEW: TRIBUNAL FEDERAL DE JUSTICIA FISCAL Y
ADMINISTRATIVA 316
5.15.3. COURT REVIEW: AMPARO PROCEEDINGS 319
5.15.4. EFFECT OF REVIEW 322
5.16. CONCLUSION 322
CHAPTER 6 INTERNATIONAL RULES GOVERNING THE USE OF SAFEGUARDS IN NORTH
AMERICA 325
6.1. HISTORY V 325
6.2. UTILIZATION OF SAFEGUARDS BY WTO MEMBERS 326
6.3. ECONOMIC RATIONALE 326
6.4. THE GATT ESCAPE CLAUSE 328
6.5. THE URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS 328
6.5.1. BASIC REQUIREMENTS ^ 329
6.5.2. INVESTIGATIONS 330
6.5.3. DETERMINATION OF INJURY AND CAUSATION 330
6.5.4. APPLICATION OF SAFEGUARDS MEASURES 331
6.5.5. COMPENSATION AND SUSPENSION OF BENEFITS 332
6.5.6. SPECIAL DE MINIMIS RULES FOR DEVELOPING NATIONS 333 6.5.7.
PROHIBITION AND ELIMINATION OF ALTERNATIVES TO SAFEGUARDS 333 6.5.8.
NOTIFICATION AND CONSULTATIONS 334
6.5.9. SURVEILLANCE AND DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 335
6.6. APPARENT CONFLICTS BETWEEN GATT AND THE SAFEGUARDS AGREEMENT 335
6.7. SPECIAL TREATMENT OF RTA PARTNERS FOR GLOBAL SAFEGUARD MEASURES 337
6.7.1. NAFTA PROVISIONS ON GLOBAL SAFEGUARDS 338
6.7.2. THE MERCOSUR APPROACH 339
6.7.3. WTO APPELLATE BODY LIMITATIONS ON SPECIAL TREATMENT FOR RTA
MEMBERS 340
6.7.3.1. ARGENTINA - FOOTWEAR 340
6.7.3.2. US - STEEL SAFEGUARDS 341
6.7.3.3. US - WHEAT GLUTEN 342
6.8. SAFEGUARDS FOR TEXTILES AND CLOTHING 343
6.8.1. US - COTTON YARN 343
6.8.2. MARKET DISRUPTION 344
6.9. BILATERAL SAFEGUARDS UNDER NAFTA 345
6.9.1. BASIC REQUIREMENTS 345
6.9.2. CONDITIONS AND LIMITATIONS 345
6.9.3. BROOMCORN BROOMS 346
6.9.4. BILATERAL SAFEGUARDS UNDER OTHER FTAS 348
6.10. ARE SAFEGUARDS EVER WTO-LEGAL? 348
CHAPTER 7 SAFEGUARDS LAW AND PRACTICE IN THE UNITED STATES 351
7.1. INTRODUCTION 351
7.2. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT 352
XXIII
IMAGE 19
TABLE OF CONTENTS
*. * FI
7.3. STRUCTURE AND ROLE OF THE USITC 357
7.4. GENERAL STRUCTURE OF US SAFEGUARDS LAWS 358
7.4.1. GLOBAL SAFEGUARDS 358
7.4.1.1. INITIATION BY INDUSTRY PETITION 358
7.4.1.2. PROPERLY DOCUMENTED PETITION 359
7.4.1.3. CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION 361
7.4.1.4. USITC REVIEW OF PETITION 361
7.4.2. NAFTA AND OTHER REGIONAL SAFEGUARDS 361
7.4.2.1. GENERAL T 361
7.4.2.2. EXEMPTIONS FROM GLOBAL SAFEGUARDS 363
7.4.2.3. SURGES 364
7.4.3. CHINA SAFEGUARDS 364
7.4.3.1. CHINA MARKET-DISRUPTION SAFEGUARDS 364
7.4.3.2. CHINA TRADE DIVERSION 365
7.5. LIMITATIONS ON INVESTIGATION 366
7.5.1.- INSUFFICIENCY OF PETITION - 366
7.5.2. NON-REPRESENTATIVENESS 366
7.5.3. PREVIOUS INVESTIGATION OR RELIEF 366
7.6. NOTICE OF INVESTIGATION AND TRANSMITTAL OF PETITION TO OTHER
AGENCIES 367
7.7. RECORD AND HEARINGS 368
7.7.1. QUESTIONNAIRES 368
7.7.2. PRE-HEARING BRIEFS . 368
7.7.3. PRE-HEARING CONFERENCES 368
7.7.4. PUBLIC HEARINGS 369
7.8. TIMING OF INVESTIGATIONS 370
7.8.1. GLOBAL SAFEGUARDS 370
7.8.2. NAFTA AND OTHER BILATERAL SAFEGUARDS 373
7.8.3. CHINA MARKET-DISRUPTION SAFEGUARDS 373
7.8.4. CHINA TRADE DIVERSION 375
7.9. USITC REPORTS TO THE PRESIDENT 377
7.10. INJURY ANALYSIS 377
7.10.1. IMPORTED PRODUCTS 378
7.10.2. LIKE OR DIRECTLY COMPETITIVE PRODUCTS 379
7.10.3. DEFINITION OF DOMESTIC INDUSTRY 380
7.10.4. GLOBAL AND BILATERAL SAFEGUARDS INJURY 381
7.10.4.1. INCREASED IMPORTS 381
7.10.4.2. SUBSTANTIAL CAUSE 382
7.10.4.3. SERIOUS INJURY 384
7.10.4.4. THREAT OF SERIOUS INJURY 384
7.10.5. CHINA MARKET-DISRUPTION SAFEGUARDS: SIGNIFICANT CAUSE OF
MATERIAL INJURY 385
7.10.5.1. INCREASED IMPORTS 386
7.10.5.2. SIGNIFICANT CAUSE 386
7.10.5.3. MATERIAL INJURY AND THREAT OF MATERIAL INJURY 387 7.10.6.
CHINA TRADE DIVERSION: SIGNIFICANT DIVERSION OF TRADE 387
XXIV
IMAGE 20
TABLE OF CONTENTS
7.11. USITC REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE PRESIDENT 388
7.11.1. TIME FRAME FOR USITC REPORT 388
7.11.2. NEGATIVE DETERMINATIONS 389
7.11.3. AFFIRMATIVE DETERMINATIONS 389
7.11.4. CONTENTS OF USITC REPORT 389
7.11.5. AVAILABILITY OF USITC REPORT TO THE PUBLIC 390
7.11.6. ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE PETITION CONSIDERATION 390
7.11.7. PRESIDENTIAL DECISION AND ACTION 390
7.11.7.1. INFORMATION TO BE CONSIDERED BY THE PRESIDENT 391 7.11.7.2.
REQUEST FOR SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT 391
7.12. SAFEGUARD MEASURES 392
7.12.1. SCOPE 392
7.12.2. PRESIDENTIAL REPORT TO CONGRESS 393
7.12.3. EFFECTIVE DATE OF RELIEF 393
7.12.4. MONITORING, MODIFICATION, AND TERMINATION OF SAFEGUARD MEASURES
394
7.12.4.1. GLOBAL SAFEGUARDS 394
7.12.4.2. MARKET DISRUPTION 394
7.12.4.3. TRADE DIVERSION 395
7.12.5. EXTENSION OF SAFEGUARD MEASURES 395
7.13. JUDICIAL REVIEW 395
7.13.1. THE COURTS 396
7.13.2. JUDICIAL REVIEW OF SAFEGUARDS 396
7.14. NOTIFICATION TO WTO 397
7.15. CONCLUSION 398
CHAPTER 8 SAFEGUARDS LAW AND PRACTICE IN CANADA 403
8.1. INTRODUCTION 403
8.1.1. CITT 403
8.1.2. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT 403
8.1.3. TYPES OF SAFEGUARD INQUIRIES 405
8.1.4. CITT ACT 405
8.2. INITIATION 406
8.2.1. REFERENCE BY CABINET 406
8.2.2. COMPLAINTS BY DOMESTIC PRODUCERS 407
8.2.2.1. PROPERLY DOCUMENTED COMPLAINT 407
8.2.2.2. CITT SHALL COMMENCE INQUIRY 408
8.2.2.2.1. REASONABLE INDICATION 409
8.2.2.2.2. MAJOR PROPORTION 409
8.2.2.2.3. OTHER INQUIRY IN THE PAST TWENTY-FOUR MONTHS 410
8.2.2.3. NOTICE OF DECISION 411
8.2.2.4. EVIDENCE OF DUMPING OR SUBSIDIZING 411
8.2.3. PROCEDURE 412
8.2.3.1. QUESTIONNAIRES AND PRE-HEARING STAFF REPORT 413
XXV
IMAGE 21
TABLE
8.3.
8.4. 8.5. 8.6. 8.7. 8.8.
OF CONTENTS
8.2.3.2. 8.2.3.3. 8.2.3.4. 8.2.3.5.
8.2.3.6.
INJURY ANALYSIS
RECORD WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS PUBLIC HEARING REPORT ON INQUIRY
FURTHER INQUIRY
8.3.1. LIKE OR DIRECTLY COMPETITIVE GOODS 8.3.2. CLASS OF GOODS 8.3.3.
DOMESTIC 8.3.4. FACTORS
8.3.4.1. 8.3.4.2. 8.3.4.3.
8.3.4.4.
. 8.3.4.5.
8.3.4.6.
8.3.5. INJURY 8.3.6. IMPORTANT 8.3.7. THREAT OF
PRODUCTION
INCREASED IMPORTS: PACE INCREASED IMPORTS: RE-EXPORTATION INCREASED
IMPORTS: IMPORTS BY CANADIAN PRODUCERS
INCREASED IMPORTS: DUMPED GOODS PRICING 8.3.4.5.1. PRICE UNDERCUTTING
8.3.4.5.2. PRICE DEPRESSION 8.3.4.5.3. PRICE SUPPRESSION IMPACT ON
CANADIAN PRODUCERS
CAUSE OF INJURY OR THREAT OF INJURY SERIOUS INJURY
8.3.8. UNFORESEEN DEVELOPMENTS AND OBLIGATIONS INCURRED UNDER GATT
8.3.9. EXCLUSIONS 8.3.9.1.
8.3.9.2. 8.3.9.3. 8.3.9.4.
FTA EXCLUSIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRY EXCLUSIONS PRODUCT EXCLUSIONS INJURY
CAUSED BY IMPORTS FROM THE REST
OF THE WORLD AND INCLUDED PRODUCTS SAFEGUARD MEASURES SURGE INQUIRY
MID-TERM REVIEW EXTENSION INQUIRY JUDICIAL REVIEW
413 413 414
414 414 415
415 417 418 419
419 421
421 421 422 422 423
423 423 424 426
428
430 431 431 433
433
435 436 439
439 439 441
CHAPTER 9 SAFEGUARDS LAW AND PRACTICE IN MEXICO 443
9.1. INTRODUCTION 443
9.2. SAFEGUARD HISTORY: LAW AND PRACTICE 443
9.3. SAFEGUARDS AS DEFINED IN THE FTL 444
9.4. DETERMINATION OF SERIOUS INJURY OR THREAT OF INJURY 445
9.5. PROCEDURES 447
XXVI
IMAGE 22
TABLE OF CONTENTS
9.6. ADMINISTRATIVE AND JUDICIAL REVIEW 447
9.6.1. ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW 447
9.6.2. COURT REVIEW 448
9.6.3. AMPARO PROCEEDINGS 448
9.7. CONCLUSION 449
CHAPTER 10 ECONOMIC AND POLICY PERSPECTIVES ON TRADE-REMEDY LAWS IN
NORTH AMERICA J^ 451
10.1. INTRODUCTION 451
10.2. THE ECONOMICS OF DUMPING AND SUBSIDIZATION 452
10.3. ECONOMIC RATIONALES FOR ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY LAW
458
10.3.1. INTERNATIONAL PRICE DISCRIMINATION 459
10.3.2. SHORT-RUN DUMPING 462
10.3.3. PREDATORY EXPORT PRICING 463
10.3.4. DETERRENCE OF WASTEFUL SUBSIDIES 467
10.3.5. INFANT INDUSTRY ARGUMENT 469
10.4. NON-ECONOMIC RATIONALES FOR ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY
LAW 470
10.4.1. POLITICAL INFLUENCE OF DOMESTIC PRODUCERS 471
10.4.2. SAFETY-VALVE 473
10.4.3. SIGNALLING 474
10.4.4. PROTECTIONIST ORIENTATION OF ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY
LAW 475
10.4.5. INFLUENCE OF POLITICIANS AND DOMESTIC PRODUCERS OVER
INVESTIGATING AGENCIES 478
10.4.6. RETALIATORY PROTECTIONISM 481
10.4.7. WHY ARE THERE NOT MORE DUMPING OR SUBSIDY CASES? 481 10.5.
CONCLUSION 482
CHAPTER 11 ROLE OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS IN MATERIAL INJURY ESTIMATION 485
11.1. INTRODUCTION 485
11.2. WHAT IS MATERIAL INJURY? 486
11.3. METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE INJURY-CAUSALITY LINK 487 11.4.
QUALITATIVE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR INJURY ESTIMATION 491 11.4.1.
THEORETICAL EXPOSITION OF THE EFFECTS OF DUMPING OR SUBSIDIZATION 491
11.4.2. PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO ESTIMATING MATERIAL INJURY: COUNTERFACTUAL
ANALYSIS 496
11.5. QUANTITATIVE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR INJURY ESTIMATION 501 11.5.1.
SIMULATION MODEL APPROACH: ECONOMETRIC VERSUS COMPUTABLE PARTIAL
EQUILIBRIUM MODEL 502
11.5.2. APPROACHES TO CALIBRATE PARAMETERS 504
XXVLL
IMAGE 23
TABLE OF CONTENTS
11.5.3. AN APPLICATION OF THE COMPAS SIMULATION MODEL FOR MATERIAL
INJURY ESTIMATION 507
11.5.4. DEBATE ON THE USEFULNESS OF SIMULATION MODELS FOR MATERIAL
INJURY ESTIMATION 513
11.6. CONCLUSION 517
CHAPTER 12 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF TRADE-REMEDY CASES IN NORTH AMERICA
519 12.1. INTRODUCTION ^ 519
12.2. NUMBER AND TYPES OF CASES - 519
12.2.1. GLOBAL SAFEGUARD CASES 521
12.2.2. CHINA SAFEGUARD CASES 522
12.2.3. ANTIDUMPING CASES 523
12.2.4. SUBSIDY CASES 524
12.2.5. LONGER-TERM VIEW OF US AND CANADIAN ANTIDUMPING - AND
COUNTERVAILING DUTY CASES 525
12.3. MACROECONOMIC FACTORS 526
12.3.1. CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY CASES
AND GDP GROWTH RATE 526
12.3.2. CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY CASES
AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE 527
12.3.3. CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY CASES
AND EXCHANGE RATE 528
12.3.4. CORRELATION BETWEEN SAFEGUARD CASES AND MACRO-ECONOMIC
CONDITIONS 529
12.4. EXPORTING COUNTRIES AND REGIONS AFFECTED 529
12.4.1. EXPORTING COUNTRIES 530
12.4.2. REGIONS 535
12.5. PRODUCTS AND INDUSTRIES AFFECTED 537
12.6. RESULTS 538
12.6.1. OUTCOME OF SAFEGUARD CASES 538
12.6.2. OUTCOME OF ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTY CASES 539
12.6.3. OUTCOMES OF RECENT CASES INVOLVING CHINESE GOODS 541 12.6.4.
SUNSET REVIEWS 542
12.6.5. INTERIM REVIEWS 543
12.6.6. PUBLIC INTEREST INQUIRIES 543
12.6.7. OUTCOME OF JUDICIAL AND BINATIONAL PANEL REVIEW AND WTO DISPUTE
SETTLEMENT 544
12.7. KEY INJURY DETERMINANTS 548
12.7.1. IMPORTANCE OF IMPORT PENETRATION 548
12.7.2. IMPORTANCE OF MAGNITUDE OF DUMPING MARGIN 549 12.7.3. IMPORTANCE
OF OTHER INJURY FACTORS 550
12.8. CONCLUSION 551
XXVLLL
IMAGE 24
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 13 CASE STUDY: UNITED STATES - SOFTWOOD LUMBER FROM CANADA 553
13.1. INTRODUCTION 553
13.2. HISTORY: LUMBER I AND LUMBER II 556
13.2.1. SOFTWOOD LUMBER I (1982-1983) 556
13.2.2. SOFTWOOD LUMBER II (1986-1991) 558
13.3. SOFTWOOD LUMBER III (1991-2001) 560
13.3.1. US REACTION TO TERMINATION OF THE MOU 560
13.3.2. CANADA S GATT CHALLENGE 562
13.3.3. RESULTS OF THE SUBSIDY INVESTIGATION ~ 562
13.3.4. CUSFTA CHAPTER 19 CHALLENGES 563
13.3.5. SOFTWOOD LUMBER AGREEMENT 1996 565
13.3.6. DISPUTE SETTLEMENT AND ARBITRATION 566
13.3.7. NAFTA CHAPTER 11 LITIGATION 568
13.3.8. EXPIRATION OF THE SLA 1996 569
13.4. SOFTWOOD LUMBER IV: THE LATEST CONTROVERSY (2001-2010) 569 13.4.1.
COUNTERVAILING DUTY PROCEEDINGS 570
13.4.1.1. COMMERCE S COUNTERVAILING DUTY INVESTIGATION 570 13.4.1.2. WTO
LITIGATION ON SUBSIDY ISSUES 571
13.4.1.3. NAFTA CHAPTER 19 REVIEW OF THE SUBSIDY DETERMINATION R 573
13.4.2. ANTIDUMPING PROCEEDINGS 574
13.4.2.1. COMMERCE S ANTIDUMPING INVESTIGATION 574 13.4.2.2. WTO
LITIGATION ON DUMPING ISSUES 574
13.4.2.3. NAFTA CHAPTER 19 REVIEW OF THE DUMPING DETERMINATION 575
13.4.3. MATERIAL INJURY DETERMINATION 575
13.4.3.1. USITC S INJURY INVESTIGATION 576
13.4.3.2. NAFTA CHAPTER 19 REVIEW OF THE THREAT OF INJURY DETERMINATION
577
13.4.3.3. WTO LITIGATION ON INJURY ISSUES 580
13.4.4. US CIT LITIGATION 582
13.4.5. NAFTA CHAPTER 11 LITIGATION 582
13.4.6. THE SOFTWOOD LUMBER AGREEMENT 2006 584
13.4.6.1. CONCLUSION OF THE SLA 2006 584
13.4.6.2. ARBITRATION UNDER THE SLA 2006 586
13.4.6.3. CONCLUSION 587
CHAPTER 14 CASE STUDY: UNITED STATES - CEMENT FROM MEXICO 589
14.1. HISTORY AND BACKGROUND 589
14.2. FINAL DETERMINATIONS AT COMMERCE AND THE USITC 590
14.2.1. USITC S FINAL INJURY DETERMINATION 590
14.2.1.1. REGIONAL INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 590
14.2.1.2. DISSENTING VIEWS ON MATERIAL INJURY 592
14.2.2. COMMERCE S FINAL DUMPING DETERMINATION 593
XXIX
IMAGE 25
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I T; * $
14.3. JUDICIAL REVIEW OF THE DETERMINATIONS 593
14.3.1. CEMEX S CHALLENGE TO THE USITC S MATERIAL INJURY DETERMINATION
593
14.3.2. THE PETITIONERS CHALLENGE TO COMMERCE S FINAL DUMPING
DETERMINATION 595
14.4. GATT PANEL REVIEW 597
14.5. NAFTA CHAPTER 19 REVIEW 600
14.5.1. RESURRECTING THE GATT PANEL REPORT 601
14.5.2. BINATIONAL PANEL REVIEW OF USITC S SUNSET REVIEW DETERMINATION
604
14.5.2.1. THE LIKELY STANDARD 605
14.5.2.2. THE ALL OR ALMOST ALL STANDARD 607
14.5.3. NAFTA ECC 607
14.6. WTO DSB PROCEEDINGS 609
14.7. HURRICANE KATRINA, CEMENT SHORTAGES, AND THE SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT
610
14.7.1. THE CONDITIONS THAT MADE A SETTLEMENT FEASIBLE 610 14.7.2.
NEGOTIATING A SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT 611
14.8. LESSONS FROM THE PROCESS 613
CHAPTER 15 CASE STUDY: CANADA - STEEL SAFEGUARDS INQUIRY ^ 615
15.1. INTRODUCTION 615
15.2. BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW 616
15.3. CITT INQUIRY 619
15.3.1. CLASSES OF GOODS 619
15.3.2. UNFORESEEN DEVELOPMENTS 620
15.3.3. INCREASED IMPORTS 621
15.3.4. SERIOUS INJURY 623
15.3.5. THREAT OF INJURY 625
15.3.6. PRINCIPAL CAUSE OF SERIOUS INJURY 625
15.3.7. COUNTRY EXCLUSIONS 630
15.3.8. PRODUCT EXCLUSIONS 633
15.3.9. REMEDY 633
15.3.10. CABINET DECISION 634
15.4. CONCLUSION 635
BIBLIOGRAPHY 637
TABLE OF CASES 653
INDEX 673
XXX
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV036762184 |
| callnumber-first | K - Law |
| callnumber-label | KDZ948 |
| callnumber-raw | KDZ948.8 |
| callnumber-search | KDZ948.8 |
| callnumber-sort | KDZ 3948.8 |
| callnumber-subject | KDZ - North America |
| ctrlnum | (DE-599)BVBBV036762184 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01638nam a2200421zcb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV036762184</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20110217 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">101108s2010 ne a||| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="010" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2010287676</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9789041128409</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk. alk. paper</subfield><subfield code="9">978-90-411-2840-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9041128409</subfield><subfield code="c">hbk. alk. paper</subfield><subfield code="9">90-411-2840-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV036762184</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">aacr</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ne</subfield><subfield code="c">NL</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-M382</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">KDZ948.8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Trade remedies in North America</subfield><subfield code="c">Gregory W. Bowman ... [et al.]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Alphen aan den Rijn</subfield><subfield code="b">Kluwer Law International</subfield><subfield code="c">c2010</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Frederick, MD</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XXXVIII, 700 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Global trade law series</subfield><subfield code="v">27</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references (p.[637]-651) and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Recht</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Antidumping duties</subfield><subfield code="x">Law and legislation</subfield><subfield code="z">North America</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Dumping (International trade)</subfield><subfield code="x">Law and legislation</subfield><subfield code="z">North America</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Subsidies</subfield><subfield code="x">Law and legislation</subfield><subfield code="z">North America</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Remedies (Law)</subfield><subfield code="z">North America</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Nordamerika</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Bowman, Gregory W.</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="830" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Global trade law series</subfield><subfield code="v">27</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV023239791</subfield><subfield code="9">27</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">GBV Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020679201&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020679201</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Nordamerika |
| geographic_facet | Nordamerika |
| id | DE-604.BV036762184 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:47:31Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789041128409 9041128409 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2010287676 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020679201 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M382 |
| owner_facet | DE-M382 |
| physical | XXXVIII, 700 S. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateSearch | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | Kluwer Law International |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Global trade law series |
| series2 | Global trade law series |
| spelling | Trade remedies in North America Gregory W. Bowman ... [et al.] Alphen aan den Rijn Kluwer Law International c2010 Frederick, MD XXXVIII, 700 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Global trade law series 27 Includes bibliographical references (p.[637]-651) and index Recht Antidumping duties Law and legislation North America Dumping (International trade) Law and legislation North America Subsidies Law and legislation North America Remedies (Law) North America Nordamerika Bowman, Gregory W. Sonstige oth Global trade law series 27 (DE-604)BV023239791 27 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020679201&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Trade remedies in North America Global trade law series Recht Antidumping duties Law and legislation North America Dumping (International trade) Law and legislation North America Subsidies Law and legislation North America Remedies (Law) North America |
| title | Trade remedies in North America |
| title_auth | Trade remedies in North America |
| title_exact_search | Trade remedies in North America |
| title_full | Trade remedies in North America Gregory W. Bowman ... [et al.] |
| title_fullStr | Trade remedies in North America Gregory W. Bowman ... [et al.] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trade remedies in North America Gregory W. Bowman ... [et al.] |
| title_short | Trade remedies in North America |
| title_sort | trade remedies in north america |
| topic | Recht Antidumping duties Law and legislation North America Dumping (International trade) Law and legislation North America Subsidies Law and legislation North America Remedies (Law) North America |
| topic_facet | Recht Antidumping duties Law and legislation North America Dumping (International trade) Law and legislation North America Subsidies Law and legislation North America Remedies (Law) North America Nordamerika |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020679201&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV023239791 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bowmangregoryw traderemediesinnorthamerica |