Social development:
Gespeichert in:
Hauptverfasser: | , |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Hoboken, NJ
Wiley
2011
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Online-Zugang: | Publisher description Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XXI, 618 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 9780470599051 |
Internformat
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100 | 1 | |a Parke, Ross D. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Social development |c Ross D. Parke and Alison Clarke-Stewart |
264 | 1 | |a Hoboken, NJ |b Wiley |c 2011 | |
300 | |a XXI, 618 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
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650 | 4 | |a Child psychology | |
650 | 4 | |a Child development | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804143385631522816 |
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adam_text | Brief Contents
Preface
xv
PARTI
THEORIES, THEMES, AND TOOLS
FOR DISCOVERY
Chapter
1
Introduction:
Theories of
Social Development
1
Chapter
2
Research
Methods:
Tools
for Discovery
37
PART
II EARLY TASKS OF
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Chapter
3
Biological Foundations: Genes, Temperament, and More
73
Chapter
4
Attachment: Learning to Love
109
Chapter
5
Emotions: Thoughts About Feelings
141
Chapter
б
Self and Other: Getting to Know Me, Getting to
Know You
175
PART III CONTEXTS OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
________
Chapter
7
Family: Early and Enduring Influences
209
Chapter
8
Peers: The Wider World of Social Development
249
Chapter
9
Schools and Media: Children in an Electronic Age
289
PART IV PROCESSES AND PRODUCTS OF SOCIAL
__________
DEVELOPMENT
____________________________
Chapter
10
Sex and Gender:
Vive La Différence?
323
Chapter
11
Morality: Knowing Right, Doing Good
357
Chapter
12
Aggression: Insult and Injury
393
PART V POLICY AND PROSPECTS
____________________
Chapter
13
Policy: Improving Children s Lives
427
Chapter
14
Overarching Themes: Integrating Social Development
461
Glossary
469
/References
479 /
Author Index
585 /
Subject Index
607
111
Contents
Preface
xv
Chapter
1
Introduction: Theories of Social Development
bet you DIDN T know that
...
Newborns Can Recognize
Their Mothers by Smell
2
Social Development: A Brief History
3
Critical Questions about Social Development
3
l.How Do Biological and Environmental Influences
Aflea
Social
Development?
3
insights from extremes: Genie
—
A Wild Child
4
2.
What Role Do Children Play in Their Own
Development?
5/3.
What Is the Appropriate Unit for
Studying Social Development?
5 /
4.1s Development
Continuous or Discontinuous?
5 / 5.
Is Social Behavior
the Result of the Situation or the Child?
6 / 6.
Is Social
Development Universal across Cultures?
7
cultural CONTEXT: Parenting Advice Around the Globe
7
7.
How Does Social Development Vary across Historical
Eras?
8
research up CLOSE: Children of the Great Depression
9
8.
Is Social Development Related to Other Developmental
Domains?
10 / 9.
How Important Are Mothers for
Children s Social Development?
10 / 10.
L· There a Single
Pathway of Social Development?
10 / 11.
What Influences
How We Judge Children s Social Behavior?
12 / 12.
Do
Developmental Psychologists Own Social Development?
12
Theoretical Perspectives on Social Development
12
Psychodynamic Perspective
13
Freud s Theory
13 /
Erikson s Theory
15 /
Psychodynamic Perspective: An Evaluation
15
into ADULTHOOD: Fatherhood and Generativity
16
Traditional Learning Theory Perspective
17
Classical and
Operant
Conditioning
17 /
Learning
Theory Approaches: An Evaluation
17
Cognitive Learning Perspective
18
Cognitive Social Learning Theory
18 /
Beyond Modeling:
Reciprocal Determination and Self-Efficacy
19 /
Cognitive
Social Learning Theory: An Evaluation
20
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Joan E. GruSeC
21
Information-Processing Perspective
21
Social Information Processing
21 /
Social Information
Processing: An Evaluation
22
Cognitive Developmental Perspective
22
Piaget s Cognitive Developmental Theory
22 /
Piaget s
Theory:An Evaluation
23 /
Social Cognitive Domain
Theory
24 /
Vygotsky s
Sociocultural
Theory
24 /
Vygotsky s Theory: An Evaluation
24
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Barbara Rogoff
25
Systems Theory Perspective
25
Bronfenbrenner s Ecological Theory
26 /
Ecological
Systems Theory: An Evaluation
27
Biological Perspectives
27
Ethological Theory
27 /
Ethological Theory:An Evaluation
28 /
Evolutionary Developmental Theory
28 /
Evolutionary
Developmental Theory: An Evaluation
29
learning from living leaders: David
Björklund
29
Human Behavior Genetics
30 /
Human Behavior
Genetics: An Evaluation
30
Life Span Perspective
31
Life Span Perspective: An Evaluation
31
A Variety of Theoretical Perspectives
31
Chapter Summary
32
Key Terms
35
AT THE MOVIES
35
Chapter
2
Research Methods: Tools for Discovery
37
Getting Started: Formulating Hypotheses,
Asking Questions
38
Research Methods: Establishing Patterns
and Causes
39
The Correlational Method
39
Laboratory Experiments
40
Field Experiments, Interventions, and Natural
Experiments
41
Field Experiments
41 /
Interventions
42 /
Natural
Experiments
42
insights from extremes: Lost and Found Children
43
Combining Different Methods
43
IV
Contents
v
The Case Study Approach
44
real-world application: Treating an Aggressive
Child
44
Studying Change Over Time
45
The Cross-Sectional Design
45 /
The Longitudinal
Design
45
into ADULTHOOD: Behavior in Childhood Predicts Adult
Outcomes
47
learning FROM LIVING LEADERS: L. Rowell Huesmann
47
The Sequential Design
48
Selecting a Sample
49
Representativeness of the Sample
49 /
The National
Survey Approach
50 /
Meta-
Analysis: Combining
Results across Studies
51 /
Studying Development Cross-
Culturally
51
cultural CONTEXT: Challenges for Researchers
51
Gathering Data
52
Children s Self-Reports
52
RESEARCH UP CLOSE: The Puppet Interview Method
53
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Reed Larson
55
Reports by Family Members, Teachers, and Peers
56
Family Members
56
bet YOU thought that
...
Parents Can Accurately Report
Their Children s Early Years
57
Teachers and Peers
57
Focus Groups
58
Direct Observation
58
Naturalistic Observation
58 /
Structured Observation
59
Ways of Recording and Coding Observations
60
Behavior Observations
60 /
Ethnographic Approaches
61
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Linda M. Burton
61
Nonverbal Measures
62 /
Internal Responses
62
learning FROM living LEADERS: Megan
Gunnar
65
Analyzing Data
65
Ethics of Research with Children
67
Chapter Summary
69
Key Terms
71
AT THE MOVIES
71
Chapter
3
Biological Foundations: Genes, Temperament, and More
73
Biological Preparedness for Social
Interaction
74
How Are Babies Prepared?
74
From Biological Rhythms to Social Rhythms
74 /
Visual Preparation for Social Interaction
74 /
Auditory
Preparedness for Social Interaction
75 /
Smell, Taste, and
Touch
76 /
Beyond Faces and Voices: Primed to Be a
Social Partner
76
Why Are Babies Prepared?
77
The Neurological Basis of Social
Development
78
The Brain
78 /
Brain Growth and Development
79 /
Hemispheric Specialization
80 /
Neurons and Synapses
81
Brain Development and Experience
82 /
Mirror Neurons
and the Social Brain
82
Genetics and Social Development
85
bet you thought that
...
Genes Determine Your
Potential
86
Methods of Studying Genetic Contributions to
Development
86
Behavior Genetics: Adoption andTwin Studies
86 /
Shared and Nonshared Environments
87
learning from living leaders: Sir Michael
Rutter
88
Molecular Genetics: The Human Genome Project
88
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Avshalom
Caspi
89
Models of Genetic Influence
90
The Transmission of Traits: A Basic Model
90 /
Interactions among Genes
90 /
Environment Influences
Gene Expression
90 /
Genetic Makeup Helps Shape
the Environment
91 /
Gene—Environment Interactions
(G x
E)
92 /
Gene-Environment Feedback Loops
93
research UP CLOSE: A Genetic Risk for Drug Use
94
Genetic Anomalies
94
INSIGHTS FROM EXTREMES: Autism
95
real-world application: Genetic Counseling, Genetic
Selection
97
Temperament: Causes and Consequences
98
Defining and Measuring Temperament
98
cultural CONTEXT: Are Temperaments the Same Around
the World?
100
The Biological Basis of Temperament
100
Genetic Factors
100 /
Neurological Correbtes
100
Early Evidence of Temperament
101
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Mary K.
Rothbart 101
Consequences and Correlates of Temperament
102
into adulthood: Shy Children Thirty Years Later
103
Chapter Summary
104
Key Terms
106
AT THE MOVIES
107
vi
Contents
Chapter
4
Attachment: Learning to Love
109
Theories of Attachment
110
Psychoanalytic Theory
110
Learning Theories
110
Cognitive Developmental Theory 111
Ethological Theory
112
insights from extremes: Maternal Bonding
113
How Attachment Develops
114
Formation and Early Development of Attachment
114
What It Means to Be Attached
115
learning from living leaders: Michael E. Lamb
115
Attachment to Whom?
116
bet you thought that
...
Babies Become Attached to
Their Teddy Bears and Blankets
117
The Nature and Quality of Attachment
118
Différent
Types of Attachment Relationships
118
Ainsworth s Classification of Attachment Types
118 /
Beyond Ainsworth s A-B-C Classification
119 /
Other
Strategies for Assessing Attachment
119
learning from living leaders: Everett Waters
121
cultural CONTEXT: Assessing Attachment in Different
Cultures
122
Attachment Types and the Brain
123
Parents Role in Infants Attachment
Development
123
Biological Preparation
123 /
Link between Caregiving and
Attachment
124
research UP CLOSE: Early Experience, Hormones,
and Attachment
126
Attachment in Family and Community Contexts
127 /
Continuity in Attachment from Parent to Child
127 /
Attachment of Children in Child Care
129
real-world application: Attachment When Mother Goes
to Prison
130
Effects of Infant Characteristics on Attachment
131
Stability and Consequences of Attachment
131
Stability and Change in Attachment Over Time
131
Attachments in Older Children
132
Consequences of Attachment
133
Associations with Exploration and Cognitive Development
133 /
Implications
f
or Social Development
133
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: L.Alan Sroufe
135
Consequences for Self-Esteem
136 /
Attachments to Both
Mother and Father Are Related to Later Development
136 /
Attachment or Parenting: Which
b
Critical for Later
Development?
136
INTO ADULTHOOD: From Early Attachment to Later
Romantic Relationships
137
Chapter Summary
138
Key Terms
140
AT THE MOVIES
140
Chapter
5
Emotions: Thoughts About Feelings
141
What Are Emotions?
142
Why Are Emotions Important?
142
Perspectives on Emotional Development
143
Biological Perspective
143
Learning Perspective
143
Functional Perspective
144
Development of Emotions
144
Primary Emotions
145
Joy
145
bet you thought that
...
A Smile Is a Smile Is a
Smile
147
Fear
148 /
Anger
152 /
Sadness
152
Secondary Emotions
152
Pride and Shame
153
learning from living leaders: Michael Lewis
153
Jealousy
154 /
Guilt
154 /
Empathy
154
Individual Differences in Emotional
Expressiveness
155
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Carolyn Saami
156
Development of Emotional Understanding
156
Recognizing Emotions in Others
156
cultural context: Expressing and Understanding
Emotions in Different Cultures
157
Beyond Recognition: Thinking About Emotions
158
Matching Emotions to Situations: Emotional Scripts
158 /
Multiple Emotions, Multiple Causes
159
Emotion Regulation
160
into ADULTHOOD: Controlling Negative Emotions in
Adulthood
161
Contents
vii
Socialization of Emotion
162
learning from living leaders:
Susanne
A. Denham
163
Socialization by Parents
163
Socialization by Other Children
165
research up close: Emotional Development in a High
School Theater Program
165
Socialization by Teachers
166
real-world application: Teachers as Promoters
of Emotional Competence
167
When Emotional Development Goes Wrong
168
insights from extremes: When Children Commit
Suicide
169
Causes of Childhood Depression
170
Biological Causes
170 /
Social Causes
170 /
Cognitive
Causes
170
Treating Childhood Depression
170
Chapter Summary
171
Key Terms
172
AT THE MOVIES
173
Chapter
6
Self and Other: Getting to Know Me, Getting to Know You
175
The Sense of Self
177
Developmental Origins of Self-Concept
177
cultural context: How Culture Shapes Self-
Representations
179
Difficulty Developing a Sense of Self: Autistic
Children
180
Self-Perceptions
180
Global Self-Esteem
180
Domain-Specific Perceptions
181
Learning Self-Appraisal
182
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS:
Susan Harter 182
Gender Variations in Global Self-Esteem
183
Social Determinants of Self-Esteem
183
Family Influences
183 /
Influence of Peers and Mentors
184 /
Praising Children and Boosting Self-Esteem
184
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Carol S. Dweck
185
Identity Formation
185
into adulthood: Identity Formation Continues
187
Ethnic Identity
188
Development of Ethnic Identity
188 /
Biracial and
Bicultural Children and Youth
189 /
Factors that Promote
Ethnic Identity
190
real-world application: Sexual Orientation
and Identity
191
Development of Knowledge about Others
192
Early Understanding of Intentions and Norms
192
Later Understanding of Mental States: Theory
of Mind
192
research up CLOSE: The Brain Beneath Theory
ofMind
193
bet you thought that
...
Babies Are Not Mind
Readers
194
Understanding Psychological Trait Labels
194
Stages in Perspective Taking
195
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Robert L.
Selmán
196
Advancing Social Understanding
196
Child Abilities
197 /
Parental Influences
197 /
Siblings
and Friends
197 /
Experiences Outside the Family
197 /
Cultural Influences
198
Stereotyping and Prejudice
198
Stereotyping
198 /
Prejudice
199 /
Determinants of
Stereotyping and Prejudice
200 /
Promoting Stereotypes
and Prejudice
200 /
Can Stereotypes and Prejudice Be
Reduced?
200
insights from extremes: The Most Extreme Prejudice
—
Genocide
201
Communication Between Me and You: The Role
of Language
202
Components of Language
202
Steps Toward Language Fluency
202
Preverbal Communication
202 /
Babbling and Other
Early Sounds
203
Semantic Development: The Power ofWords
203
How and Why Children Acquire Words
203
The Acquisition of Grammar: From Words
to Sentences
203
Learning the Social Uses of Language
204
The Rules of Pragmatics
204 /
Learning to Adjust Speech
to Audience
204 /
Learning to Listen Critically
205
Chapter Summary
205
Key Terms
207
AT THE MOVIES
207
viii Contents
Chapter
7
Family: Early and Enduring Influences
209
The Family System
210
The Couple System
211
How Does the Couple s Relationship Affect Children?
211
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: E. Mark
Cummings
213
And Baby Makes Three: The Impact of a New Baby on
the Couple System
214
INTO adulthood: Transition to Parenthood
214
The Parent-Child System
215
How Parents Socialize Children
215 /
Differences in
Socialization Approaches
215 /
Parenting Styles
216
learning from living leaders:
Diana Baumrind 218
Wliy Parents Have Different Parenting Styles
219
RESEARCH UP CLOSE: Transmission of Hostile Parenting
across Generations
220
Socialization: From Bidirectional to Transactional
221 /
Mothers and Fathers Parenting
221
bet you thought THAT... Parenting Is a Brain Drain, not a
Brain Booster
222
The Coparenting System
223
The Sibling System
224
insights from EXTREMES: When Is a Family Too Large?
224
How Are Siblings Affected by Birth Order?
225 /
Birth
Order and Parent-Child Interactions
225 /
Birth Order
and Sibling Interactions
226
The Family Unit: Stories, Rituals, and Routines
228
real-world application: Let s Have Dinner
229
Family Variation: Social Class and Culture
230
Differences in Family Values and Practices Related to
Socioeconomic Status
230
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Vonnie C. McLovd
230
Cultural Patterns in Child Rearing
231
learning from living LEADERS: Raymond
Buriel
232
cultural context: How Effects of Parenting Vary across
Cultures
233
The Changing American Family
234
Parental Employment and Child Development
235
Working Mothers
235 /
Work Stress and Children s
Adjustment
236
Parenting after Thirty
236
New Reproductive Technologies
237
Adoption: Another Route to Parenthood
237
Gay and Lesbian Parents
238
Parenting Alone
238
Divorce and Remarriage
239
Effects of Divorce on Children
239
learning from living leaders: E. Mavis Hetherington
240
Who Is Affected Most?
241 /
Divorce and the
Single-Parent Household
242 /
Does Custody
Matter?
244 /
Remarriage
245
Chapter Summary
245
Key Terms
247
AT THE MOVIES
248
Chapter
8
Peers: The Wider World of Social Development
249
Definitions and Distinctions
250
Developmental Patterns of Peer Interaction
250
First Encounters in Infancy
250
Social Exchanges between Toddlers
251
Peer Play in Early Childhood
252
Peer Society in the SchoolYears
253
Tlie
Importance of the Peer s Age
254 /
The Importance
of the Peer s Gender
254
Peer Interactions in Adolescence
255
Peers as Socializers
255
Modeling Behavior
255 /
Reinforcing and Punishing
Behavior
256 /
Social Comparison
256
cultural CONTEXT: Peer Roles and Relationships
in Different Cultures
257
Peer Status
257
Studying Peer Status: Acceptance and Rejection
257
Factors That Affect Peer Acceptance
258
Behaviors That Make a Difference
258 /
Biological
Predispositions
259 /
Social-Cognitive Skills
259 /
Are
Children Always Reflective?
261 /
Children s Goals in
Social Interactions
261
learning from living leaders: Steven R.Asher
262
Physical Appearance
262 /
Blending In
263
Consequences of Peer Rejection
263
What Determines How Children Read to Rejection?
263
bet you thought that
...
Names Would Never
HurtYou
264
Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Rejection
265
research UP CLOSE: When Love Thine Enemy
Fails
266
insights from extremes: From Rejection to
Revenge?
267
Can Peer Status Change?
267
Contents ix
Promoters
of Peer Acceptance
268
Parents as Promoters of Peer Acceptance
268
Parents as Positive Partners
268 /
Parents as Coaches
and Teachers
269 /
Parents as Social Arrangers and
Monitors
270 /
When Parents Fail: Peer Rejection of
Abused Children
271
Researchers as Promoters of Peer Acceptance
271
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Gary W. Ladd
273
Peers Can Help Too
274
When Peers Become Friends
274
Age Changes in Friendship
274
Earliest Friendships
27 4 /
Changing Friendship Goals
ПЪ
/
Changing Friendship Expectations
ПЬ
Interactions with Friends
276
insights from extremes: When Children Love and
Protect Each Other
277
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: WillardW. Hartup
278
Friendship Patterns
278
The Pros and Cons of Friendship
279
Romantic Relationships
279
Teenage hove Affairs Really Do Matter
280 /
Changes in
Romantic Dynamics over Time
281
Interaction in Groups
281
Dominance Hierarchies
281
Cliques, Crowds, and Gangs
282
into adulthood: What Happens When Jocks, Brains,
and Princesses Grow Up
283
real-world application: Youth Gangs
284
Chapter Summary
285
Key Terms
287
AT THE MOVIES
287
Chapter
9
Schools and Media: Children in an Electronic Age
289
The Role of the School in Social
Development
290
Schools as Social Communities
290
School Size and Organization
291
Big School; Small School
291 /
Age Groupings in
Schools
292 /
Coeducational versus Same-Gender
Schools
293
Class Size and Organization
293
Advantages of Small Classes
293 /
Benefits of Open
Classrooms
294 /
Cooperative Learning
294 /
Peer
Tutors
295
bet you thought that
...
Homeschooled Children Were
Socially Disadvantaged
295
The Teachers Impact
296
Teacher-Student Relationships
296 /
Keeping Control:
Classroom Discipline and Management
296 /
Teacher
Expectations and Children s Success
297
School-Family Links
297
School Culture; Home Culture
297
learning from living leaders: Nancy
E.
Hill 298
cultural context: Matching Classroom Organization to
Cultural Values and Practices
299
Parents Involvement in Schools
299 /
School as a Buffer
for Children
300 /
After-School Programs
301
learning from living LEADERS: Deborah Lowe
Vandell
302
School Integration
302
Electronic Media and Children s Social
Lives
303
Watching Television and Playing Video Games
303
Hours of Involvement
304 /
Content of Television Shows
and Video Games
305
Do Children Understand What They See?
305
Television s Positive Effects
307
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Aletha
С
Huston
307
Negative Effects of Television and Video Games
308
Television Biases Perceptions
308 /
Television and
Video Games Displace Other Activities
308 /
Television
Stereotypes Minority Groups
308 /
Television and Video
Game Violence Leads to Aggression
309 /
Television and
Video Game Violence Leads to Desensitization
309 /
Television and Sexuality
309
real-WORLD APPLICATION: Advertising Influences
Children s Choices
310
How Can Parents and Siblings Modify TV s Negative
Effects?
311
into ADULTHOOD: Still Playing Games?
312
Internet and Cell Phone Connectivity
313
Internet Access and Use
313
Effects of Internet Involvement
314
Internet Identity
314 /
Effects on Social Relationships
314
χ
Contents
research
UP CLOSE: Role-Playing Games and Social Life
315
Effects of Internet Sex
316
LEARNING from living LEADERS: Patricia M. Greenfield
317
Effects on Mental Health
317
Cell Phone Connections
318
insights from extremes: The Risks of Sexting
318
Chapter Summary
319
Key Terms
321
AT THE MOVIES
321
Chapter
10
Sex and Gender:
Vive La Différence?
323
Getting Started: Defining Sex and Gender
324
Gender Stereotypes
324
cultural context: Cultural Differences in Gender
Stereotypes
325
Gender Differences in Behavior, Interests,
and Activities
326
Behavior Differences in Childhood
327
Interests and Activities in Childhood
327
Changes in Adolescence and Adulthood
329
Stability of Gender Typing
329
into adulthood: Occupations for Men and Women
330
Sex Differences in Gender Typing
331
bet you thought that.
..
Gender Identity Was
Determined by Biological Sex
331
insights from extremes: The First American
Transsexual
332
Biological Factors in Gender Differences
333
Evolutionary Theory and Gender Development
333
Hormones and Social Behavior
334
Gender and the Brain
334
Genetics of Gender
336
Biology and Cultural Expectations
336
Cognitive Factors in Gender Typing
337
Cognitive Developmental Theory
337
Gender-Schema Theory: An Information-Processing
Approach
338
Comparison of Cognitive Developmental and Gender-
Schema Theories
339
learning from living LEADERS: Carol Lynn Martin
339
Social Influences on Gender Typing
340
Theories of Social Influence
340
Parents Influence on Children s Gender-Typed
Choices
341
Parents Behavior toward Girls and Boys
341
Behavior with Infants and Toddlers
341 /
Behavior with
Older Children
342
Modeling Parents Characteristics
343
research up close: Gender Roles in Counterculture
Families
345
When Father Is Absent
345
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Charlotte
J. Patterson
345
Siblings as Gender Socialization Agents
347
Influence of Books and Television
348
real-world application: Do Computers Widen the
Gender Gap?
349
Peers, Gender Roles, and Gender
Segregation
349
learning from living LEADERS: Eleanor E. Maccoby
351
Schools and Teachers
351
The School Culture
351 /
Teacher Attitudes
and Behaviors
352
Androgyny
352
Chapter Summary
354
Key Terms
356
AT THE MOVIES
356
Chapter
11
Morality: Knowing Right, Doing Good
357
Moral Judgment
358
Piaget
s
Cognitive Theory of Moral Judgment
358
Stages of Moral Reasoning
358 /
Evaluation ofPiaget s
Theory
359
Kohlberg s Cognitive Theory of Moral Judgment
360
Levels and Stages of Moral Judgment
360
insights from extremes: Moral Heroes
362
Limitations of Kohlberg s Theory
363 /
New Aspects
of Moral Development
364
cultural CONTEXT: Justice versus Interpersonal
Obligations in India and the United States
365
Turiel s Social Domain Theory
366
Contents xi
Sodai
Conventional Domain
366 /
Psychological Domain
367
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Elliot Turiel
368
Judgments about Complex hsues
368
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Judith G.
Smetana
369
How Children Learn the Rules and Distinguish
between Social Domains
370
Parents and Teachers Roles in Moral and Social
Conventional Reasoning
370 /
Sibling and Peer
Influences on Moral and Conventional Judgments
371 /
The Role of Culture
372
Moral Behavior
372
bet you thought that
...
Moral Judgment Leads to
Moral Action
373
Self-Regulation of Behavior
373
Individual Differences in Self-Regulation
374
into adulthood: The Love of Money Is the Root of All
Evil
374
Consistency of Moral Behavior across Situations and
Time
376
RESEARCH UP CLOSE: Children Telling Lies
376
Moral Emotions
377
Development of Moral Emotions
377
Moral Emotions and Child Characteristics
378 /
Moral
Emotions and Parents Behavior
378
Do Moral Emotions Affect Moral Behavior?
379
real-world application: Adolescents Competence
to Stand Trial as Adults
380
The Whole Moral Child
381
learning from living leaders:
Grażyna
Kochanska
382
Prosocial
and Altruistic Behavior
382
How
Prosocial
Behavior and Reasoning Develop
382
Age Changes in
Prosocial
Behavior
382 /
Stability in Styles
of
Prosocial
Behavior
383 /
Prosocial
Reasoning
384 /
Are
Girls More
Prosocial
Than Boys?
385
learning from living leaders:
Nancy Eisenberg 385
Determinants of
Prosocial
Development
386
Biological Influences
386 /
Environmental Influences
387 /
Cultural Influences
388 /
Empathy and Perspective
Taking
389
Chapter Summary
390
Key Terms
391
AT THE MOVIES
392
Chapter
12
Aggression: Insult and Injury
393
Types of Aggression
394
Patterns of Aggression
395
Developmental Changes in Aggression
396
Gender Differences in Aggression
397
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS:
Nicki
Crick
399
Stability of Individual Differences in Aggression
400
into ADULTHOOD: From Childhood Aggression to Road
Rage
400
Causes of Aggression
401
Biological Origins of Aggressive Behavior
401
Genetics and Aggression
401
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Terrie
E. Moffitt
402
Temperament and Aggression 403 /
My Brain Made Me
Do It .The Neurological Basis of Aggression
403 /
Blame It
on My Hormones
404 /
Prenatal Conditions
404
Social Influences on the Development of
Aggression
404
Parents as Interactive Partners
404 /
Abusive Parenting
and Aggression
405 /
A Coercion Model of Aggression
405 /
Parents as Providers of Opportunities for Aggression
406 /
The Influence of Peers
406 /
Neighborhoods as
Breeding Grounds
407
Culture as a Determinant
of Aggression
407
insights from extremes: Child Soldiers
408
Violence in the Electronic Media
409
Combined Biological and Social Influences
on Aggression
410
research up close: Genes, Environmental Triggers,
and Aggressive Behavior
412
Sociocognitive Factors in the Development
ofAggression
413
learning FROM living LEADERS: Kenneth A. Dodge
414
Bullies and Victims
415
Behavior of Bullies and Victims
415 /
Consequences
of Bullying Alb
REAL-WORLD APPLICATION: Cyberfighting and
Cyberbullying
417
Conditions Leading to Bullying
418
Control ofAggression
419
bet you thought that
...
You Could Reduce Aggressive
Feelings by Letting off Steam
419
xii Contents
Cognitive
Modification
Strategies
420 /
Parents as Agents
for Aggression Reduction
420 /
Schoob as Venues for
Intervention
420 /
Aggression Prevention:
A Multipronged
Effort
421
CULTURAL CONTEXT: Preventing Youth
Violence
423
Chapter Summary
423
Key Terms
425
AT THE MOVIES
425
Chapter
13
Policy: Improving Children s Lives
427
What Determines Public Policy
for Children?
428
Types of Public Policy
429
Children in Poverty: A Social Policy Challenge
431
Economic Hardship and Social Disadvantage
431
Effects of Poverty on Children
431
Programs to Reverse Effects of Poverty
431
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Jack P. Shonkoff
432
Head Start
432
learning from living leaders: Deborah A. Phillips
433
Welfare Reform Policies
434
learning FROM living LEADERS: Lindsay Chase-
Lansdale
435
Input and Outcome: Getting WhatYou Pay For
435
REAL-WORLD APPLICATION: Early Intervention with
Children in Poverty
436
Child Care: A Problem Lacking a Unified
Policy
436
Choosing Child Care: What s a Parent to Do?
437
Types of Child Care
437
Effects of Child Care on Children
437
Quality of Child Care Matters
437 /
What Is Quality
Care?
438 /
Time in Child Care
439
LEARNING FROM LIVING LEADERS: Kathleen
McCartney
439
How Can Policy Help?
440
RESEARCH UP CLOSE: The Florida Child Care Quality
Improvement Study
441
Teenage Pregnancy: Children Having
Children
442
BET YOU THOUGHT that
...
More Teens Are Having Sex
Than Ever Before
443
Factors Leading to Teen Pregnancy
443
Outcomes ofTeen Pregnancies
444
Problems for Teenage Mothers
444 /
Problems for Children of
Teenage Mothers
444 /
Problems for Other Family Members
445 /
Problems
f
orTeenage Fathers
445 /
Happy Endings
445
INTO ADULTHOOD: When Teen Mothers Grow Up
445
Reducing Teen Pregnancy
446
Support from the Media
446 /
Sex Education
in Schools
446
LEARNING FROM living LEADERS: Kristin Anderson
Moore
448
Support for Teenage Mothers
449
Child Abuse within the Family
449
Child Abuse: A Family Affair
450
The Ecology of Child Abuse
451
Consequences of Abuse
452
cultural context: Child Abuse and Children s
Rights
452
Policies to Prevent Abuse
453
Programs That Prevent Abuse
453
insights from extremes: Suggestive Interrogations
and Legal Policy
455
Federal and State Policies
456
Chapter Summary
457
Key Terms
459
AT THE MOVIES
459
Chapter
14
Overarching Themes: Integrating Social Development
461
What We Know: Some Take-Home
Principles
462
Views of the Social Child
462
The Child Is Socially Competent from an Early Age
462 /
The Child s Social Behavior L· Organized
462 /
The
Child s Social Behavior Becomes Increasingly Sophisticated
462 /
Tlie
Child Is Embedded in
hevels
of Social
Complexity
462 /
Children s Interactions with Other
People Are Reciprocal and Transactional
463
Organization and Explanation of Children s Social
Behavior
463
Aspects of Development Are Interdependent
463 /
Sodai
Behavior Has Multiple Interacting Causes
463 /
All Causes
Are Important
464
Contents xiii
Social
Agents
and Contexts for Social
Development
464
Social Behavior Is Influenced by Social Agents in Social
Systems
464 /
Social Behavior Varies across Both
Situations and Individuals
464 /
Social Development
Occurs in a Cultural Context
464 /
Social Development
Occurs in a Historical Context
464 /
Some Aspects of
Social Development Are Universal
465
Progress and Pathways of Social
Development
465
Development May Be Gradual and Continuous or Rapid
and Dramatic
465 /
Early Experience Is Important,
But Its Effects Are Not Irreversible
465 /
There Is No
Single Pathway to Normal or Abnormal Development
465 /
Tracing Both Normative Pathways and Individual
Pathways Is Important
466 /
Development Is a Lifelong
Process
466
Glimpsing the Future: Methodological,
Theoretical, and Policy Imperatives
466
Methodological Imperatives
466
Questions Take Priority over Methods
466 /
No Single
Method Will Suffice
466 /
No Single Reporter Will
Suffice
466 /
No Single Sample Will Suffice
467
Theoretical Imperatives
467
No Single Theory Will Suffice
467 /
No Single Discipline
Will Suffice
468
Policy Imperatives
468
Research on Social Development Can Inform Social
Policy
468 /
Social Policy Can Inform Research on Social
Development
468 /
One-Size-Fits-All Social Policies
Are Inadequate
468 /
Social Development Is Everyone s
Responsibility
468
AT THE WEDDING
469
Glossary
469 /
References
479 /
Author Index
585 /
Subject Index
607
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Parke, Ross D. Clarke-Stewart, Alison 1943- |
author_GND | (DE-588)131783904 |
author_facet | Parke, Ross D. Clarke-Stewart, Alison 1943- |
author_role | aut aut |
author_sort | Parke, Ross D. |
author_variant | r d p rd rdp a c s acs |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV036732047 |
callnumber-first | B - Philosophy, Psychology, Religion |
callnumber-label | BF721 |
callnumber-raw | BF721 |
callnumber-search | BF721 |
callnumber-sort | BF 3721 |
callnumber-subject | BF - Psychology |
classification_rvk | CQ 5100 CQ 6000 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)699876248 (DE-599)BVBBV036732047 |
dewey-full | 305.231 |
dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
dewey-ones | 305 - Groups of people |
dewey-raw | 305.231 |
dewey-search | 305.231 |
dewey-sort | 3305.231 |
dewey-tens | 300 - Social sciences |
discipline | Soziologie Psychologie |
format | Book |
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genre | (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content |
genre_facet | Lehrbuch |
id | DE-604.BV036732047 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:46:49Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780470599051 |
language | English |
lccn | 2010009566 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020649694 |
oclc_num | 699876248 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-703 |
owner_facet | DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-703 |
physical | XXI, 618 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
publishDate | 2011 |
publishDateSearch | 2011 |
publishDateSort | 2011 |
publisher | Wiley |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Parke, Ross D. Verfasser aut Social development Ross D. Parke and Alison Clarke-Stewart Hoboken, NJ Wiley 2011 XXI, 618 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Child psychology Child development Developmental psychology Sozialisation (DE-588)4055783-2 gnd rswk-swf Kinderpsychologie (DE-588)4073410-9 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Kinderpsychologie (DE-588)4073410-9 s Sozialisation (DE-588)4055783-2 s DE-604 Clarke-Stewart, Alison 1943- Verfasser (DE-588)131783904 aut http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1007/2010009566-d.html Publisher description Digitalisierung UB Bamberg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020649694&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Parke, Ross D. Clarke-Stewart, Alison 1943- Social development Child psychology Child development Developmental psychology Sozialisation (DE-588)4055783-2 gnd Kinderpsychologie (DE-588)4073410-9 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4055783-2 (DE-588)4073410-9 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
title | Social development |
title_auth | Social development |
title_exact_search | Social development |
title_full | Social development Ross D. Parke and Alison Clarke-Stewart |
title_fullStr | Social development Ross D. Parke and Alison Clarke-Stewart |
title_full_unstemmed | Social development Ross D. Parke and Alison Clarke-Stewart |
title_short | Social development |
title_sort | social development |
topic | Child psychology Child development Developmental psychology Sozialisation (DE-588)4055783-2 gnd Kinderpsychologie (DE-588)4073410-9 gnd |
topic_facet | Child psychology Child development Developmental psychology Sozialisation Kinderpsychologie Lehrbuch |
url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1007/2010009566-d.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020649694&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT parkerossd socialdevelopment AT clarkestewartalison socialdevelopment |