An introduction to game theory:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2009
|
Ausgabe: | Internat. ed. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. [507]-524 |
Beschreibung: | XVII, 533 S. graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 9780195322484 |
Internformat
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100 | 1 | |a Osborne, Martin J. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a An introduction to game theory |c Martin J. Osborne |
250 | |a Internat. ed. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
PREFACE XI
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 WHAT IS GAME THEORY? 1 AN OUTLINE OF THE HISTORY OF GAME THEORY 2
JOHN VON NEUMANN 3 1.2 THE THEORY OF RATIONAL CHOICE 4 1.3 COMING
ATTRACTIONS: INTERACTING DECISION-MAKERS 7
NOTES 9
1 GAMES WITH PERFECT INFORMATION 11
2 NASH EQUILIBRIUM: THEORY 13 2.1 STRATEGIC GAMES 13 2.2 EXAMPLE: THE
PRISONER S DILEMMA 14 2.3 EXAMPLE: BACH OR STRAVINSKY? 18
2.4 EXAMPLE: MATCHING PENNIES 19 2.5 EXAMPLE: THE STAG HUNT 20 2.6 NASH
EQUILIBRIUM 21 JOHN F. NASH, JR. 23
STUDYING NASH EQUILIBRIUM EXPERIMENTALLY 24 2.7 EXAMPLES OF NASH
EQUILIBRIUM 26 EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE ON THE PRISONER S DILEMMA 28
FOCAL POINTS 32
2.8 BEST RESPONSE FUNCTIONS 35 2.9 DOMINATED ACTIONS 45 2.10 EQUILIBRIUM
IN A SINGLE POPULATION: SYMMETRIC GAMES AND SYMMETRIC EQUILIBRIA 50
NOTES 53
3 NASH EQUILIBRIUM: ILLUSTRATIONS 55 3.1 COURNOT S MODEL OF OLIGOPOLY 55
3.2 BERTRAND S MODEL OF OLIGOPOLY 63 COURNOT, BERTRAND, AND NASH: SOME
HISTORICAL NOTES 69 3.3 ELECTORAL COMPETITION 70
3.4 THE WAR OF ATTRITION 77
IMAGE 2
3.5 AUCTIONS 80
AUCTIONS FROM BABYLONIA TO EBAY 81 3.6 ACCIDENT LAW 91 NOTES 97
4 MIXED STRATEGY EQUILIBRIUM 99 4.1 INTRODUCTION 99 SOME EVIDENCE ON
EXPECTED PAYOFF FUNCTIONS 104 4.2 STRATEGIC GAMES IN WHICH PLAYERS MAY
RANDOMIZE 106 4.3 MIXED STRATEGY NASH EQUILIBRIUM 107 4.4 DOMINATED
ACTIONS 120 4.5 PURE EQUILIBRIA WHEN RANDOMIZATION IS ALLOWED 122 4.6
ILLUSTRATION: EXPERT DIAGNOSIS 123 4.7 EQUILIBRIUM IN A SINGLE
POPULATION 128
4.8 ILLUSTRATION: REPORTING A CRIME 131 REPORTING A CRIME: SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY AND GAME THEORY 133 4.9 THE FORMATION OF PLAYERS BELIEFS 134
4.10 EXTENSION: FINDING ALL MIXED STRATEGY NASH EQUILIBRIA 137 4.11
EXTENSION: GAMES IN WHICH EACH PLAYER HAS A CONTINUUM OF ACTIONS 142
4.12 APPENDIX: REPRESENTING PREFERENCES BY EXPECTED PAYOFFS 146
NOTES 150
5 EXTENSIVE GAMES WITH PERFECT INFORMATION: THEORY 153 5.1 EXTENSIVE
GAMES WITH PERFECT INFORMATION 153 5.2 STRATEGIES AND OUTCOMES 159 5.3
NASH EQUILIBRIUM 161
5.4 SUBGAME PERFECT EQUILIBRIUM 164 5.5 FINDING SUBGAME PERFECT
EQUILIBRIA OF FINITE HORIZON GAMES: BACKWARD INDUCTION 169 TICKTACKTOE,
CHESS, AND RELATED GAMES 178
NOTES 179
6 EXTENSIVE GAMES WITH PERFECT INFORMATION: ILLUSTRATIONS 181 6.1 THE
ULTIMATUM GAME, THE HOLDUP GAME, AND AGENDA CONTROL 181 EXPERIMENTS ON
THE ULTIMATUM GAME 183 6.2 STACKELBERG S MODEL OF DUOPOLY 187 6.3 BUYING
VOTES 192 6.4 A RACE 197
NOTES 203
7 EXTENSIVE GAMES WITH PERFECT INFORMATION: EXTENSIONS AND DISCUSSION
205 7.1 ALLOWING FOR SIMULTANEOUS MOVES 205 MORE EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE
ON SUBGAME PERFECT EQUILIBRIUM 2 11 7.2 ILLUSTRATION: ENTRY INTO A
MONOPOLIZED INDUSTRY 213 7.3 ILLUSTRATION: ELECTORAL COMPETITION WITH
STRATEGIC VOTERS 215
IMAGE 3
7.4 ILLUSTRATION: COMMITTEE DECISION-MAKING 217
7.5 ILLUSTRATION: EXIT FROM A DECLINING INDUSTRY 221 7.6 ALLOWING FOR
EXOGENOUS UNCERTAINTY 225 7.7 DISCUSSION: SUBGAME PERFECT EQUILIBRIUM
AND BACKWARD INDUCTION 231 EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE ON THE CENTIPEDE GAME
234
NOTES 236
COALITIONAL GAMES AND THE CORE 239 8.1 COALITIONAL GAMES 239 8.2 THE
CORE 243 8.3 ILLUSTRATION: OWNERSHIP AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH 247
8.4 ILLUSTRATION: EXCHANGING HOMOGENEOUS HORSES 251 8.5 ILLUSTRATION:
EXCHANGING HETEROGENEOUS HOUSES 256 8.6 ILLUSTRATION: VOTING 260 8.7
ILLUSTRATION: MATCHING 263
MATCHING DOCTORS WITH HOSPITALS 268 8.8 DISCUSSION: OTHER SOLUTION
CONCEPTS 269 NOTES 270
II GAMES WITH IMPERFECT INFORMATION 271
9 BAYESIAN GAMES 273 9.1 MOTIVATIONAL EXAMPLES 273 9.2 GENERAL
DEFINITIONS 278 9.3 TWO EXAMPLES CONCERNING INFORMATION 282
9.4 ILLUSTRATION: COURNOT S DUOPOLY GAME WITH IMPERFECT INFORMATION 285
9.5 ILLUSTRATION: PROVIDING A PUBLIC GOOD 289 9.6 ILLUSTRATION: AUCTIONS
291 AUCTIONS OF THE RADIO SPECTRUM 300
9.7 ILLUSTRATION: JURIES 301 9.8 APPENDIX: AUCTIONS WITH AN ARBITRARY
DISTRIBUTION OF VALUATIONS 307 NOTES 311
10 EXTENSIVE GAMES WITH IMPERFECT INFORMATION 313 10.1 EXTENSIVE GAMES
WITH IMPERFECT INFORMATION 313 10.2 STRATEGIES 317 10.3 NASH EQUILIBRIUM
318 10.4 BELIEFS AND SEQUENTIAL EQUILIBRIUM 323
10.5 SIGNALING GAMES 331 10.6 ILLUSTRATION: CONSPICUOUS EXPENDITURE AS A
SIGNAL OF QUALITY 336 10.7 ILLUSTRATION: EDUCATION AS A SIGNAL OF
ABILITY 340 10.8 ILLUSTRATION: STRATEGIC INFORMATION TRANSMISSION 343
10.9 ILLUSTRATION: AGENDA CONTROL WITH IMPERFECT INFORMATION 351
NOTES 357
IMAGE 4
ILL VARIANTS AND EXTENSIONS 359
11 STRICTLY COMPETITIVE GAMES AND MAXMINIMIZATION 361 11.1
MAXMINIMIZATION 361 11.2 MAXMINIMIZATION AND NASH EQUILIBRIUM 364 11.3
STRICTLY COMPETITIVE GAMES 365 11.4 MAXMINIMIZATION AND NASH EQUILIBRIUM
IN STRICTLY COMPETITIVE GAMES 367
MAXMINIMIZATION: SOME HISTORY 370 EMPIRICAL TESTS: EXPERIMENTS, TENNIS,
AND SOCCER 373 NOTES 375
12 RATIONALIZABILITY 377 12.1 RATIONALIZABILITY 377 12.2 ITERATED
ELIMINATION OF STRICTLY DOMINATED ACTIONS 385 12.3 ITERATED ELIMINATION
OF WEAKLY DOMINATED ACTIONS 388 12.4 DOMINANCE SOLVABILITY 391
NOTES 392
13 EVOLUTIONARY EQUILIBRIUM 393 13.1 MONOMORPHIC PURE STRATEGY
EQUILIBRIUM 394 EVOLUTIONARY GAME THEORY: SOME HISTORY 399 13.2 MIXED
STRATEGIES AND POLYMORPHIC EQUILIBRIUM 400 13.3 ASYMMETRIC CONTESTS 406
SIDE-BLOTCHED LIZARDS 407 EXPLAINING THE OUTCOMES OF CONTESTS IN NATURE
409 13.4 VARIATION ON A THEME: SIBLING BEHAVIOR 411 13.5 VARIATION ON A
THEME: THE NESTING BEHAVIOR OF WASPS 414 13.6 VARIATION ON A THEME: THE
EVOLUTION OF THE SEX RATIO 416
NOTES 417
14 REPEATED GAMES: THE PRISONER S DILEMMA 419 14.1 THE MAIN IDEA 419
14.2 PREFERENCES 421 14.3 REPEATED GAMES 423 14.4 FINITELY REPEATED
PRISONER S DILEMMA 424 14.5 INFINITELY REPEATED PRISONER S DILEMMA 426
14.6 STRATEGIES IN AN INFINITELY REPEATED PRISONER S DILEMMA 426 14.7
SOME NASH EQUILIBRIA OF AN INFINITELY REPEATED PRISONER S DILEMMA 428
14.8 NASH EQUILIBRIUM PAYOFFS OF AN INFINITELY REPEATED PRISONER S
DILEMMA 431
EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE 436 14.9 SUBGAME PERFECT EQUILIBRIA AND THE
ONE-DEVIATION PROPERTY 437 AXELROD S TOURNAMENTS 439
IMAGE 5
14.10 SOME SUBGAME PERFECT EQUILIBRIA OF AN INFINITELY REPEATED
PRISONER S DILEMMA 441 RECIPROCAL ALTRUISM AMONG STICKLEBACKS 445 14.11
SUBGAME PERFECT EQUILIBRIUM PAYOFFS OF AN INFINITELY REPEATED PRISONER S
DILEMMA 446
MEDIEVAL TRADE FAIRS 448 14.12 CONCLUDING REMARKS 449 NOTES 449
15 REPEATED GAMES: GENERAL RESULTS 451 15.1 NASH EQUILIBRIA OF GENERAL
INFINITELY REPEATED GAMES 451 15.2 SUBGAME PERFECT EQUILIBRIA OF GENERAL
INFINITELY REPEATED GAMES 455 15.3 FINITELY REPEATED GAMES 460
15.4 VARIATION ON A THEME: IMPERFECT OBSERVABILITY 461 NOTES 463
16 BARGAINING 465 16.1 BARGAINING AS AN EXTENSIVE GAME 465 16.2
ILLUSTRATION: TRADE IN A MARKET 477 16.3 NASH S AXIOMATIC MODEL 481
16.4 RELATION BETWEEN STRATEGIC AND AXIOMATIC MODELS 489 NOTES 491
17 APPENDIX: MATHEMATICS 493 17.1 NUMBERS 493 17.2 SETS 494 17.3
FUNCTIONS 495 17.4 PROFILES 498 17.5 SEQUENCES 499 17.6 PROBABILITY 499
17.7 PROOFS 505
REFERENCES 507
INDEX 525
|
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author | Osborne, Martin J. |
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dewey-tens | 510 - Mathematics |
discipline | Soziologie Mathematik Philosophie Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
edition | Internat. ed. |
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isbn | 9780195322484 |
language | English |
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spelling | Osborne, Martin J. Verfasser aut An introduction to game theory Martin J. Osborne Internat. ed. New York, NY [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2009 XVII, 533 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverz. S. [507]-524 Game theory Spieltheorie (DE-588)4056243-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Spieltheorie (DE-588)4056243-8 s DE-604 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020614760&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Osborne, Martin J. An introduction to game theory Game theory Spieltheorie (DE-588)4056243-8 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4056243-8 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
title | An introduction to game theory |
title_auth | An introduction to game theory |
title_exact_search | An introduction to game theory |
title_full | An introduction to game theory Martin J. Osborne |
title_fullStr | An introduction to game theory Martin J. Osborne |
title_full_unstemmed | An introduction to game theory Martin J. Osborne |
title_short | An introduction to game theory |
title_sort | an introduction to game theory |
topic | Game theory Spieltheorie (DE-588)4056243-8 gnd |
topic_facet | Game theory Spieltheorie Einführung |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020614760&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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