Fenomén cestovního ruchu: možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Czech |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Pelhřimov
Nová Tiskárna [u.a.]
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. vyd. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 298 Seiten Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9788074150210 9788086841182 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Štemberk, Jan |d 1977- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)136419607 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fenomén cestovního ruchu |b možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia |c Jan Štemberk |
| 246 | 1 | 1 | |a Tourism phenomenon |
| 250 | |a 1. vyd. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Pelhřimov |b Nová Tiskárna [u.a.] |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a 298 Seiten |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1918-1938 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Cestovní ruch / Československo / 1918-1938 |2 czenas | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Politika cestovního ruchu / Československo / 1918-1938 |2 czenas | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Tourism / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 |2 czenas | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Tourism policy / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 |2 czenas | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Tourismus |0 (DE-588)4018406-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Tschechoslowakei | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Tschechoslowakei |0 (DE-588)4078435-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
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| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020532624&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143218595463168 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Obsah
Uvod
....................................................... 7
Cestovní, cizinecký nebo turistický ruch či turismus?
................... 14
Politika cestovního ruchu
........................................ 20
Péče státu aneb cizinecká péče
................................... 20
Nestátní organizace
........................................... 27
Příprava zákona o cestovním ruchu
................................. 34
Mezinárodní spolupráce
........................................ 42
Státní podnikání v cestovním ruchu
................................ 44
Předpoklady rozvoje cestovního ruchu
.............................. 49
Možnosti jednotlivce
.......................................... 49
Fond volného času
.......................................... 49
Nástin cenové hladiny
....................................... 52
Motivy cestování
........................................... 54
Příprava na cestu
........................................... 57
Místní podmínky
............................................. 59
Propagace Československa a jednotlivých lokalit
...................... 63
Tisková propagace
.......................................... 69
Informační kanceláře
........................................ 71
Výstavy a veletrhy
.......................................... 76
Film a rozhlas
............................................. 79
Propagace ciziny
............................................. 81
Cestovatelé jako propagátoři cestovního ruchu
...................... 81
Průvodcovská činnost
......................................... 83
Odborné školství
............................................. 86
Ubytovací a stravovací služby
..................................... 88
Dopravní služby
...............................................110
Železniční doprava
...........................................113
Turistické slevy
............................................119
Sezónní a výletní vlaky ČSD
..................................124
Silniční doprava
.............................................128
Hromadná doprava
........................................ 130
Nehromadná
veřejná doprava
..................................138
Individuální automobilismus
...................................139
Letecká doprava
.............................................141
Říční doprava a lanové dráhy
....................................143
Cestovní kanceláře
...........................................147
Čedok
..................................................156
Formality spojené
s
cestováním do zahraničí
.........................167
Cestovní dokumenty
..........................................167
Příhraniční toristické propustky
.................................174
Cestování automobilem
........................................179
Příjezdový a domácí cestovní ruch
.................................188
Statistické vyjádření
..........................................188
Příjezdový cestovní rach
.......................................199
Dvacátá léta
..............................................199
Třicátá léta
...............................................203
Cílové destinace
.............................................216
Domácí cestovní rach
.........................................219
Turistika
.................................................227
Tramping
................................................240
Výjezdový cestovní ruch
........................................243
Cílové destinace
.............................................251
Hospodářský přínos cestovního ruchu
..............................259
Závěr
......................................................268
Seznam zkratek
...............................................274
Použité prameny a literatura
.....................................276
Summary
...................................................283
Přílohy
.....................................................289
Summary
Tourism Phenomenon
Possibilities and Limits of Tourism in the
Internar
Czechoslovakia
The present publication surveys and assesses wide contexts of tourism. The whole mono¬
graph is divided into nine chapters dealing with individual tourism parts. The preliminary
chapter explicates a contemporary terminology of tourist industry and tries to explain it
and make it accessible for present readers. Next chapter is focused on state politics in
tourism branch. A great attention is paid to the preparation of a law about tourism indus¬
try that should solve a cooperation of organizations participating in tourism and a financing
of necessary advertising as well. Last part of this chapter processes state business activi¬
ties in tourist industry in the balneology branch.
The conditions of the tourism development are in the third chapter. They are divided
into personal related directly to tourism participants and local associated with visited
places. Furthermore, an attention is paid to promotion of Czechoslovakia and its attrac¬
tive regions in this chapter. The advertising as an objective announcement of interesting
places is closely associated with guide activities, which can give information directly in
visited places. A fundamental requirement of tourism progress is education of employees;
the last subchapter tries to record its elements.
Next two chapters discuss the development of the most important tourism servi¬
ces
-
accommodation, catering and traffic at large. The first one surveys and interprets
enterprise activities and an offer of catering and accommodation services. The significance
and the role of traffic in tourist industry is canvassed in the fifth chapter, which is separated
according a contemporary transport mode. The last subchapter of this part deals with the
development of travel agencies. Their incorporation into the chapter about traffic is due to
their predominant role in a sale of railway and ship tickets. At first, an organization of soci¬
etal trips (collective tours) made only a complement activity of travel agencies, although it
is necessary to say the popularity of collective tours was increasing more and more.
The sixth chapter is dealing with administrative requirements and barriers of the in¬
ternational tourism that were valid in interwar Czechoslovakia. Primarily, there were the
passport and visa regulations and their consequences for tourism. The next subchapter
discusses conditions for the international motorcar tourism in detail.
Another two chapters are about real tourism forms. The seventh chapter is aimed to
incoming and internal tourism. Their progress based on contemporary statistical data is
foreshadowed in the preliminary subchapter. Within the frame of incoming tourism, the
main attention is paid to relations with neighbour states; their citizens made more than
80%
of all incoming foreigners. The final destinations, where the mainstream of foreign
guests was directed, were closely connected with incoming tourism as well. A reader
will acquaint itself with main trip destinations in the subchapter devoted to internal
tourism. The attention is also paid to two important sections
-
hiking and its special
Czech form tramping . The subject of outgoing tourism is explicated in the eighth
chapter. A progress of the Czech and Czechoslovak visit rate of the Adriatic coast in
283
Yugoslavia is processed by a probe method after the recording of main development
trends.
An elaboration of economic conjunctions with tourist industry is a content of the last
chapter. Tourist industry represents an important part of services and makes a mint of
money because of growing number of participants. Regarding the economic view there
is explicated the significance of the incoming, outgoing and internal tourism for state and
its regions development.
Within the scope of determined period, tourism went through a very important epoch
of its history, which conduced to its forming and shaping. Tourism entered to the po¬
litical, social and economic field. There were also concerned fundamental periods when
words of art and specification of several terms used up to the present day were made. The
term
-
tourism (tourist industry)
-
used for the whole area at present was achieved next
to the contemporary used term
-
foreign tourism.
Tourism represented very important means of the state presentation in the political
field. It offered an opportunity to acquire personal experience with foreign conditions
and own comparison with inland conditions or with promoted news. It allowed intake
of a foreign inspiration in the cultural field. Mutual cognition of nations enabled them
to become friends and remove abrasive surfaces. The promotion had in principle two le¬
vels
-
an economic one, which tried to attract foreigners to staying and a political one,
which represented Czechoslovakia as an advanced democratic country. A lot of prob¬
lems interfered in the advertising activities. The promotion wasn t good elaborated and
missed a deeper concept and a sufficiency of funds. It was supposed that abroad would
be interested in Czechoslovakia itself. The politico-cultural level of tourism represents
an important sphere of a individual and societal incidence of tourism.
Tourism industry was closely connected with condition of society in social sphere. The
urbanization process already progressed so far that city population longed for composure
and relaxation. This was manifested by an increasing number of tourism participants. In the
interwar period came to a large democratization and tourism was broaden among people,
while only a in-group of financially secured class could afford this activity before the World
War One (WWI). It was related not only to a growing resource of leisure time but also to
an improving of the economic situation of the general public. The fund of leisure com¬
prised free Sundays and Saturday afternoons contemporary denoted as a weekend and paid
holidays enforced for every employee with the exception of people working in agriculture.
After the gradual increase of tourism participants number in the first half of the
1920s,
it
came to very rapid increase in a boom years in the last half of the
1920s.
The Economic De¬
pression hit deeply most of the social classes and of course influenced tourism industry as
well. The Depression affected foreign tourism and caused larger tendency towards internal
tourism, which hadn t declined, on the contrary it grew all that time. Regarding the national
view we can say the most part of tourists made Czechs and Czech Germans.
Tourism needed an attention because of its important role in services in the economic
field. Concerning macroeconomic view it was especially part of the payment balance.
The foreign tourism together with incomes from transit transport represented besides the
international trade the most part of the public revenues. The balance of the international
tourism was closed mostly in positive numbers (between
1925
and
1937
only four years
284
ended with a cash deficit). The internal tourism was also important from economic view,
because it allowed resource distribution among individual regions. Tourism as the eco¬
nomic field wasn t spared general economic influences. The promising development of
the international tourism was stopped by the economic crisis in the first half of the
1930s.
The Depression affected the tourism with a delay in
1931
and came out fully in season
1932.
The Central European states approached to administrative and foreign exchange
restrictions, which limited travelling across border lines. Therefore, number of incoming
foreigners markedly declined. The source market of Czechoslovak incoming tourism
consisted in the neighbouring states (more than
80%
of all visitors). The most of guests
came from Germany
(40 %).
Special clearing agreements were only one way how to
maintain limited range of the international tourism at least.
The economic potential of the internal tourism started to be highlight in larger di¬
mension as soon as the beginning of the
1930s,
when should offer an alternative to tour
abroad. The contemporary educated guesses talked of a sum of one milliard crowns that
was on the move owing to the internal tourism. The internal tourism wasn t hit by the
economic crisis so much as the international one. A lot of regions were economically
dependent on tourism. In first line, it is necessary to mention spas. The mountain regions
in the Czech lands and Slovakia were in a similar position.
Regarding
microeconomic
point of view, tourism gave a support to ten thousands trades.
Catering and accommodation services occupied the first place. The period under consi¬
deration is connected with a growth of supply and quality of these services. An achieve¬
ment of the certain standard was difficult in places except the main centres of tourism, but
in tourist attractive localities enterprises attained level comparable to the Western Euro¬
pean states. A classification of accommodation and catering facilities missed the whole
interwar period. The crisis of the
1930s
sensible affected operation of hotels, inns, res¬
taurants and spas. The prices combined with raising of quality declined in consequence.
Transport was the next significant enterprise branch participating in tourism. People fond
of travelling provided a considerable incomes source for transport companies, which of¬
fered various tourist discounts in effort to obtain other customers. The railway traffic
provided by the Czechoslovak state railways
(Československé státní dráhy)
had a funda¬
mental significance, but the increase of motor traffic significance meant a new trend. Mo¬
tor transport development was a competitor for railway transport and made state railways
to modernization measures and to afford the discounts to tourists. Automobile transport
found its use not only in individual transport but also in public transport approaching at¬
tractive places to tourists. The car found its place in the international tourism as well. In
this case drivers wrestled with several limitations and administrative obligations. There
were special tax obligations on the one hand and international documents for driver and
motor vehicle on the other hand. The air transport used mainly at longer distance went
also through a significant period of its development. Although air travel wasn t much
more expensive than the rail fare in higher classes, it wasn t spread in mass by that time.
Cableways became new means of transport aimed directly to tourism, which could en¬
able trips to mountain hills for minor able-bodied tourists. Tourism development stood
at a generation of travel agencies; their aim was to make travel better and easier. Travel
agencies guaranteed travel documents to their customers, supplied accommodation and
285
organized fully package tours. These collective tours became more and more popular, be¬
cause there were no worries about the tour and its programme. In
1920
the Czechoslovak
Tourist and Transport Company,
Čedok (Československá cestovní a dopravní kancelář,
Čedok)
was founded.
Čedok
was originated as a semi-official travel agency that should
promote Czechoslovakia. First, it was limited company privately owned. The banking
capital and associations supporting tourism development participated in its foundation.
Not very good results of
Čedok
constrained the state to find new ways how to strengthen
its influence on course of bureau. Therefore, in
1936
the Ministry of Railways acceded to
a request with direct capital contribution to
Čedok.
In consequence incorporated company
was established. Analogous to travel agencies,
cicerones
were also directly connected
to tourism.
Cicerones
were in larger towns and carried on their work independently or
within travel agencies. Generally, specialized skills requirements were admitted, but there
weren t any checking rules for
cicerones.
Other activities like picture postcard printing,
manufacture of next advertising matter, souvenir manufacture, agricultural production or
prostitution were combined more or less with tourism.
In the period under consideration the tourism contended with a misunderstanding and
a lot of barriers not only in broad community but also at the public authorities. The valid
legal scope had a significant effect. An ill-defined competency of public authorities was
the primary disability. A clear concept of next tourism development missed as well. The
affairs of tourism belonged to authority of the Ministry of Trade all the interwar period.
However, a lot of partial activities connected with tourism were in care of other depart¬
ments. It is possible to say that the Ministry of Public Health dealing with balneology, the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs dealing with foreign promotion and the Ministry of Railways
dealing with promotion increasing travellers number were the most important of these
departments. The actions of individual ministries often crossed and difficulties were
also in an attainment of agreement on basic questions. The ill-defined competences and
missing concept of made measures limited stronger tourism development in the whole
period.
Associations activities had also long tradition in care of tourism development. In
1886
the oldest association so-called the Aliens Union
(Cizinecký svaz)
was already
founded in Prague. The activities of association substituted indifferent interest of state bo¬
dies in tourism progress in a certain manner. Next similar association was founded for
Moravia and Silesia in Brno before the WWI. Difficult searching of agreement between
Czech and German people appeared in association activities as well. Besides Czech fo¬
reign associations, parallel German associations specializing in the promotion of the
frontier areas existed. In early twenties analogous association was founded in Slovakia
and in Carpathian
Ruthenia
in early thirties. A need of interworking appeared as a req¬
uisite and therefore the Central office of territory foreign association arose. In
1929
the
Central office rename to the Czechoslovak central office of foreign tourism and started
cooperate with other subjects operating in tourism like the Club of Czechoslovak Tour¬
ists
(Klub československých turistů).
The interworking between the Ministry of Trade
and the Central office of foreign tourism had some problems as well.
The preparation of tourism law became a clear proof of an insufficient and unsophis¬
ticated conception of the tourism development. This law should more precisely define
286
cognizance and ensure
fonds
for the tourism promoting. The law has been preparing at
the ministry since
1928
and several drafts were prepared during next ten years. Unfortu¬
nately, till the end of the period under consideration a consensus wasn t reached and any
proposal wasn t carried out. An overcentralization as well as new contributions, which
should be paid by companies profiting on the tourism, caused an aversion. The whole
tourism sphere was significantly determined by an absent of the legislation. Besides the
unexplained cognizance and bad organisation, a chronic lack of resources intended for
foreign promotion represented the second stumbling block. The fundamental problem of
insufficient budget limited various forms of advertising like foreign information offices,
paper advertisement, leaflet and booklets publishing or advertising film-making. In spite
of the fact that certain means from different departments went to advertising the amount
was inadequate. A good made promotion was contemporary approved as
a fondamental
prerequisite of tourism development. Nevertheless, it didn t help. It is interesting to find
out that not only Western European states but also South-eastern European states gave
more money to their promotion. In the last half of the
1930s
the situation was better; the
chronic lack of advertising materials was over and their technical performance improved
as well. However, it was too late to see more positive effects. The promotion was also
important in a local criterion, but it was made by tourist associations at this level.
Various administrative restrictions had negative consequences in the international
tourism. The WWI meant the end of travel without liability to present travel documents.
In consequence, an implementation of severe passport and visa controls was on the con¬
trary. The necessity for the visa between individual European states was eliminated as
late as the time of political consolidation in the half of the
1920s.
The states were aware
of the fact that too many administrative duties discouraged and were troubling to tour¬
ists. By turn of the
1920s
and the
1930s
it was already possible basically travel without
visas all Europe. Nevertheless, the necessity of document presentation at the borders was
in effect. Fees of the passport issue and its extension of validity time also represented
one of means of the international tourism orientation. The necessity of the passport was
broken only in certain frontier areas (Polish or German border regions), where special
tourism agreements were valid. An approval of the foreign currency export was another
type of administrative restriction. This form of tourism control was asserted at time of the
economic troubles, what was the whole phase except the end of the
1920s
in the interwar
period. The limitation of currency allocation stemmed from strategy of a free amount,
which was sufficient only for short-time stay. Next allocation of the currency should be
agreed.
Regarding the view of target destination of incoming tourism, Prague was in thefirstplace
of arrivals number. Not only conducted holiday tours but also business trips were directed
at Prague. Nevertheless, the Czechoslovak spas were in the first place from the view of
length of stay and tourist receipts. Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary) and
Marienbad
(Mariánské
Lázně)
in Bohemia and
Piešťany
in Slovakia were the most visited spas. Foreigners,
for the most part German guests, visited the west Bohemian spas. Therefore, the fall in
the international tourism in early thirties affected mostly these spas. Till the end of the
1930s
west Bohemian spas didn t made the maximum of visit rate from the end of the
1920s.
The High Tatras
(Vysoké Tatry),
the Czechoslovak highest mountains were also
287
the popular locality. Alpine resorts began to be more visited during the winter season as
well. German and Polish tourists focused on the Bohemian border mountains within the
frame of the frontier tourism.
The internal tourism had similar destinations as the incoming one. The capital city of
Prague was again in the first place. Spa stays led up to
Luhačovice
and
Poděbrady,
thus
out of the Czechoslovak world spas. Hiking and tramping were the significant part of the
internal tourism. The number of Czech tourists led up to Slovakia has been increasing
since the
1930s.
The Czechoslovak outgoing tourism was mainly focused on sea. A seaside recreation
was the only one thing what an inland stay couldn t offer. The greatest interest was tra¬
ditionally in the Adriatic Seaside in Yugoslavia and the Italian sea. The Yugoslav seaside
was discovered in support of the Czech entrepreneurs and tourists as early as the WWI
and holiday stays had there already the tradition. A growing standard of services and an
affordability of stay even for the middle class were positive. In winter seasons Czecho¬
slovak tourists trips were focused on the Alps. The business journeys were mostly led to
the neighbour states, with which the Czechoslovak Republic had the most active com¬
mercial relations. Visits of remarkable European metropolises involved mainly some of
local cultural action. Only individuals travelled overseas in the period under considera¬
tion. The tour out of Europe was still understood as something very special and exotic.
The period of the Second Czechoslovak Republic was rather connected with promi¬
ses. Travel abroad was liberalized at the end of
1938
after the stabilization of the politi¬
cal situation. The internal tourism enjoyed a support. The state was aware of the lost of
the most development and attractive localities of the Czech lands and tried to afford
a convenient opportunity to develop of inland summer resorts and zones. The territory
of Slovakia possessed by the autonomist ideas was rather closed for the Czech tourists.
However, the short time didn t provide any concrete approaches.
The subsequent occupation of the Czech lands connected with outbreak of the Second
World War brought restrictions on travel. Slovakia was in a slightly better situation. The
worst situation was in the international tourism, which almost stopped at the war time.
It was necessary to obtain a special permit to every trip. Therefore, it was sporadically
or rather rarely possible to travel on business or for a medical treatment purpose to the
neutral states. The internal tourism and hiking rather enjoyed a support still in the first
years of the war, because they were understood as a good way of leisure time spending.
But even this form of the tourism remitted due to increasing requirements of the war
economy. The traffic had more and more difficulties; the rationing limited possibilities
of the catering even if the prices of dishes were controlled. In sequence it started even to
be a lack of leisure time.
288
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Štemberk, Jan 1977- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)136419607 |
| author_facet | Štemberk, Jan 1977- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Štemberk, Jan 1977- |
| author_variant | j š jš |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV036612399 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)705730752 (DE-599)BVBBV036612399 |
| edition | 1. vyd. |
| era | Geschichte 1918-1938 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1918-1938 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Tschechoslowakei Tschechoslowakei (DE-588)4078435-6 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Tschechoslowakei |
| id | DE-604.BV036612399 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:44:10Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788074150210 9788086841182 |
| language | Czech |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020532624 |
| oclc_num | 705730752 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-M457 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-M457 |
| physical | 298 Seiten Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Nová Tiskárna [u.a.] |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Štemberk, Jan 1977- Verfasser (DE-588)136419607 aut Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia Jan Štemberk Tourism phenomenon 1. vyd. Pelhřimov Nová Tiskárna [u.a.] 2009 298 Seiten Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte 1918-1938 gnd rswk-swf Cestovní ruch / Československo / 1918-1938 czenas Politika cestovního ruchu / Československo / 1918-1938 czenas Tourism / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 czenas Tourism policy / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 czenas Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 gnd rswk-swf Tschechoslowakei Tschechoslowakei (DE-588)4078435-6 gnd rswk-swf Tschechoslowakei (DE-588)4078435-6 g Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 s Geschichte 1918-1938 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020532624&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020532624&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Štemberk, Jan 1977- Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia Cestovní ruch / Československo / 1918-1938 czenas Politika cestovního ruchu / Československo / 1918-1938 czenas Tourism / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 czenas Tourism policy / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 czenas Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4018406-7 (DE-588)4078435-6 |
| title | Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia |
| title_alt | Tourism phenomenon |
| title_auth | Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia |
| title_exact_search | Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia |
| title_full | Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia Jan Štemberk |
| title_fullStr | Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia Jan Štemberk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fenomén cestovního ruchu možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia Jan Štemberk |
| title_short | Fenomén cestovního ruchu |
| title_sort | fenomen cestovniho ruchu moznosti a limity cestovniho ruchu v mezivalecnem ceskoslovensku tourism phenomenon possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar czechoslovakia |
| title_sub | možnosti a limity cestovního ruchu v meziválečném Československu = Tourism phenomenon : possibilities and limits of tourism in the interwar Czechoslovakia |
| topic | Cestovní ruch / Československo / 1918-1938 czenas Politika cestovního ruchu / Československo / 1918-1938 czenas Tourism / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 czenas Tourism policy / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 czenas Tourismus (DE-588)4018406-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cestovní ruch / Československo / 1918-1938 Politika cestovního ruchu / Československo / 1918-1938 Tourism / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 Tourism policy / Czechoslovakia / 1918-1938 Tourismus Tschechoslowakei |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020532624&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020532624&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stemberkjan fenomencestovnihoruchumoznostialimitycestovnihoruchuvmezivalecnemceskoslovenskutourismphenomenonpossibilitiesandlimitsoftourismintheinterwarczechoslovakia AT stemberkjan tourismphenomenon |